Be applicable to the quick and high-precision coordinate calibration method of large-scale seabed transponder arrays
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of hydrolocation measuring method, relates generally to the calibration steps of long baseline seabed transponder arrays array element terrestrial coordinate.
Background technology
Long baseline acoustic positioning technique has advantages such as reach is wide, bearing accuracy height, is widely used in the every field of ocean operation, is bringing into play important effect in fields such as geophysical survey, sea-bed topography detection, scientific investigation and exploitation of mineral resources.Underwater sailing body navigates by water in long baseline seabed transponder arrays,, measures from the position in transponder arrays, and then finishes navigator fix and resolve as object of reference with transponder.The coordinate of transponder is as the reference coordinate, and its measuring accuracy has directly influenced navigation, the bearing accuracy of long base line system.
It is a lot of to be used for seabed transponder terrestrial coordinate Calibration Method, intersect method, ultra-short baseline method or short base-line method etc. as bee-line method, equation of condition method, long baseline convergence method, vertical line, what mainly consider when selecting measuring method is measuring accuracy and operating efficiency.What relatively extensively adopt at present, is long baseline convergence method and short baseline, ultra-short baseline method.Long baseline convergence method is to choose at least 3 measurement points at the water surface to finish subaqueous sound ranging, gps coordinate in conjunction with measurement point utilizes the sphere method of crossing to finish resolving of transponder terrestrial coordinate, the advantage of this method is to have higher measuring accuracy, but for large-scale seabed transponder arrays, need work boat to navigate by water around battle array, time-consuming consumption power, efficient is lower.Ultra-short baseline method and short base-line method are in the surveying vessel bottom basic matrix to be installed, just can finish calibrating coordinates by single measurement, but the shortcoming of this method is that the basic matrix yardstick is less, measuring accuracy is lower, be difficult to satisfy the high-acruracy survey requirement, still need long-distance navigation to reduce to measure oblique distance when a plurality of transponder of calibration, efficient is lower.
Along with the widespread use of water acoustic navigation location technology, the demand of large-scale seabed transponder arrays terrestrial coordinate high precision, high-level efficiency calibration becomes increasingly conspicuous.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly when keeping long baseline high-acruracy survey advantage, can avoid work boat long-distance navigation on a large scale, the quick and high-precision coordinate calibration method that is applicable to large-scale seabed transponder arrays of realization high-efficiency homework.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
(1) chooses 3~4 transponders and carry out the calibration of dynamic geometry terrestrial coordinate;
(2) utilize the measurement of finishing distance between the transponder arrays based on acoustic calibration's method of remote control;
(3) utilize geometric method to solve the terrestrial coordinate of each transponder.
The present invention can also comprise:
1, describedly choose 3~4 transponders and carry out dynamic geometry terrestrial coordinate Calibration Method and be:
(1) work boat navigates by water around transponder to be measured by predetermined air route under the GPS guiding, finishes subaqueous sound ranging by the acoustics response mode in the navigation process; (2) terrestrial coordinate of the measurement point that write down of combined high precision GPS utilizes the ellipsoid method of crossing to solve the terrestrial coordinate of seabed transponder; (3) choose the measurement result of a plurality of measurement points in the navigation process and resolve, ask the mean value that repeatedly resolves the result to obtain the terrestrial coordinate of this transponder.
2, describedly be by the method for finishing distance between the transponder arrays based on acoustic calibration's method of remote control:
(1) by telecommand transponder to be measured is carried out the principal and subordinate management is set; (2) finish latency measurement by the acoustics response mode between the master-slave response device, and then try to achieve the distance between two transponders; (3) upload measurement data by the primary response device by telecommand.
3, the described method of the terrestrial coordinate that the geometric coordinate converter technique solves each transponder of utilizing is: utilize the terrestrial coordinate of 3~4 transponders that carried out the absolute coordinates calibration and the distance between each transponder to carry out geometry and find the solution, calculate the terrestrial coordinate of each transponder.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, need to utilize long baseline method that 3~4 transponders are carried out the terrestrial coordinate calibration, work boat is finished subaqueous sound ranging around the transponder navigation by the acoustics response mode.Because ship causes the transmitting site of interrogation pulse and the receiving position of transponder pulse not to overlap in motion,, adopt the ellipsoid method of crossing to resolve in order to satisfy the demand of high-precision calibration.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, need to obtain the terrestrial coordinate of at least 3~4 transponders in the transponder arrays, in this process, need to obtain the oblique distance information between the terrestrial coordinate of surface measurement point and itself and the transponder, the terrestrial coordinate of measurement point can obtain by high-precision GPS, and measure the oblique distance information and the velocity of sound and time delay relation is arranged all, except will guaranteeing high-precision latency measurement, when hydrologic condition is bad, also need to carry out the sound ray correction.
Characteristics of the present invention are to combine with dynamic geometry terrestrial coordinate calibration method with based on acoustic calibration's method of remote control, by the radio/underwater sound telecommand transponder is managed and controls, when keeping long baseline high-acruracy survey advantage, can avoid work boat long-distance navigation on a large scale again, realize high-efficiency homework.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a dynamic geometry terrestrial coordinate calibration method operation synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is based on acoustic calibration's method operation synoptic diagram of remote control.
Embodiment
For example the present invention is done description in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
In conjunction with Fig. 1, transponder 1 anchor lies in the seabed, and sound head 3 is installed on hull bottom and stretches under water, and high-precision GPS antenna 2 is installed on directly over the sound head.Navigate by water around transponder by default air route, sound head 3 sends the distance measurement inquiring pulse, and transponder 1 confirmation of receipt effectively back sends transponder pulse, chooses some measurement points and resolve on the air route.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, transponder arrays 1 top lays radiobuoy 6, sends instruction to buoy 6 through wireless aerial 4, and buoy is transmitted to transponder 1 by underwater acoustic transducer 5 with instruction, transponder 1 returns to buoy 6 with the result after carrying out corresponding action, by buoy 6 result is uploaded.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, provide dynamic geometry terrestrial coordinate calibration method.As Fig. 1, navigate by water around transponder by default air route, establishing T is synchronizing cycle, and i is the measurement point sequence number, and the coordinate of surface measurement point is (x
i, y
i, z
i), the transponder coordinate is that (z), the time of finishing once " challenge-response " is t for x, y
i, t
iComprise round trip propagation delay t
OiAnswer delay t with transponder
Di, wherein propagation delay comprises interrogating signal propagation delay t
α iWith answer signal propagation delay t
β iIf waterborne vessel is with speed (v
x, v
y) navigation.Then resolving equation is:
{[x-x
i]
2+[y-y
i]
2+(z-z
i)
2}
1/2+
{[x
i+v
x(k)t
oi(k)-x]
2+[y
i+v
yt
oi(k)-y]
2+(z
i-z)
2}
1/2=ct
i
i=0,1,2,…,(N-1)
Utilize geometric method to find the solution the method for transponder coordinate for realizing purpose of the present invention, providing.Utilize telecommand to finish the measurement of distance between the transponder, from 3~4 transponders that record terrestrial coordinate, choose adjacent two arbitrarily, wherein transponder in the projection of surface level as the reference true origin, as X-axis, the vertical line in the surface level is as Y-axis at the line of the projection of surface level and reference origin for another transponder.The transponder depth direction is set up coordinate system as Z axle positive dirction, just can be in the hope of the coordinate of other transponders by geometric method.