CN101799662A - Cutting process temperature fuzzy control system - Google Patents
Cutting process temperature fuzzy control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101799662A CN101799662A CN 201010141698 CN201010141698A CN101799662A CN 101799662 A CN101799662 A CN 101799662A CN 201010141698 CN201010141698 CN 201010141698 CN 201010141698 A CN201010141698 A CN 201010141698A CN 101799662 A CN101799662 A CN 101799662A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cutting process temperature fuzzy control system, which is characterized in that: a computer is connected with a data acquisition card and a motion control card respectively; the data acquisition card is connected with a signal conditioning and amplifying circuit which is connected with an infrared temperature sensor; the motion control card is connected with an electro-hydraulic digital valve which is connected with a nozzle and an overflow valve respectively; the overflow valve is connected with a pressure gauge and a hydraulic pump respectively; the hydraulic pump is connected with a motor; and an oil tank is connected with the hydraulic pump and the overflow valve. The cutting process temperature fuzzy control system has the advantages of controlling the flow rate of cutting solution output by the electro-hydraulic digital valve to form a closed loop system and controlling temperature in a machining process to be within a certain range so as to control the machining process, control final machining quality and minimize the consumption of the cutting solution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Fuzzy control system, relate in particular to a kind of cutting process temperature fuzzy control system.
Background technology
After the mankind entered 21st century, sustainable development had become the common recognition of countries in the world, and green manufacturing, cleaner production will become the key character and the basic production pattern of machinery manufacturing industry in this century.Machinery manufacturing industry occupies an important position in whole manufacturing industry as the equipment department of national economy, and metal cutting processing accounts for the 30-40% of machining total amount.Use cutting fluid all to have vital role in the metal cutting processing to improving working (machining) efficiency and crudy.But cutting fluid all can cause severe contamination to environment in each period of making, use, handling and discharging.
In addition on the one hand, present middle and high terminal bed all has been equipped with powerful cooling and lubricating system, main high pressure, the big flow spraying cooling system of adopting, for example the HJH series high voltage of smart machine of Mitsui and the common exploitation of J.E company is sprayed the center, provides the 7MPa flow to reach 60 liters/minute high-pressure coolant to the processing district.The a large amount of liquid coolants of also employing that have are drenched to the machine tooling district from the lathe top with the waterfall form.To some accuracy requirement height, difficult-to-machine material generally all adopts high-quality cutting fluid, and what have can only import, and price is more expensive.Add the very long machining process of some large-sized structural parts, the ratio that makes the cost of cutting fluid account for total processing cost increases greatly, reaches 15-20%.
So, consider from the angle of protection environment and saving cost, realize green cutting in field of machining, promptly need not or use cutting fluid less as far as possible, be imperative.Do cutting because without cutting fluid, processing temperature sharply rises, and adopt resistant to elevated temperatures cutter, generally all uses high-speed machine tool to carry out high-speed cutting, because the smear metal of high-speed cutting can be taken away a large amount of heat in metal cuttings.If workpiece material not allowable temperature is too high, just do not allow part burning in the processing as titanium alloy commonly used in the aviation, do cutting so can not adopt.Invented minimum lubrication technology (MQL, 50-200 milliliter/hour) afterwards again, because this spot lubrication amount very little, this method still has specific (special) requirements to cutter, lathe and workpiece material.Limited their application.
The cutting fluid flow of a typical machining center is 20 liters/minute, has very big waste in fact here and to the pollution of environment, does not need so big flow in the time of most of.Widely different for the cutting fluid flow that different materials, different processing request, different technical parameters etc. need.In order to solve such problem, it is the cutting fluid flow control system of core with the electrohydraulic digital valve that the present invention has designed a cover, flow is adjustable continuously between 0.02 liter/minute-1 liter/minute, adopt FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL, the minimum cutting fluid flow that satisfies processing request is provided adaptively, control processing temperature to a setting value, thereby the purpose that reaches environmental protection and save cost.
Metal cutting is owing to the strong coupling between the non-linear and many influence factors of height of process, and up to the present people do not study thoroughly yet to it.In the working angles because violent friction between the cutter, smear metal, workpiece and distortion produce very high temperature in cutter bits contact region.Too high cutting temperature has material impact to working angles, and it will speed up tool wear, shortens cutter life, influences the complete of surface of the work, makes smear metal form mechanism and changes, and produces the cutter thermal deformation in the maximum error source in the machine work that is considered to.Cutting temperature is again comprehensive an embodiment of working angles quality simultaneously, the variation of equipment working state, as: tool wear, breakage, machine vibration changes, and cutting fluid supplies the variation of amount etc., can reflect to some extent by temperature.Therefore cutting temperature is monitored the variation that can in time understand process.And carry out necessary intervention, it is significant to make process system be in good working order.
At present still focus on the influence to technological process, processing parts quality of relation between temperature and the process conditions and temperature for the research of cutting temperature, research method comprises mechanism research, experimental study and simulation study.Along with popularizing of computer utility, conditions of machine tool monitoring research has produced a large amount of achievements in research, and great impetus has been played in the raising of automated manufacturing and labour productivity.Yet condition monitoring present stage rests in the monitoring mostly, fails further to control according to monitoring result in system, realizes aborning monitoring result being used for control.According to cutting temperature actual in the production run machining process is carried out intervention study and then seem not enough.
The research of the external parties concerned is to have set up a turning process adaptive control system based on Temperature Feedback.This system at first by increasing the temperature that cutting speed reaches setting, then reduces cutting speed when cutting temperature surpasses threshold value, when the cutter temperature continued to surpass defined threshold, cutting speed was reduced to zero and stopped.This method is to have reached temperature controlling by the speed that changes machine tool motion component, but the frequent change of moving component speed is among the dynamic change process in the working angles, stability requirement to machine tooling is disadvantageous, can produce bigger inertial force, and then the vibration that produces process system, the serviceable life of reducing machined surface quality, dimensional accuracy and equipment.
What traditional temperature survey was adopted is the thermopair method, is ripe and commonly used at present cutting temperature measurement method.But its remolding sensitivity is lower, is subjected to the influence of environmental interference signal easily, the influence of amount amplifier temperature drift before also being subjected to easily, and its thermal inertia is big, and low-response is not suitable for on-line real time monitoring.Therefore, the temperature when the present invention selects for use infrared temperature sensor to measure cut, this sensor response time is 150ms, measurement range is-40-900 ℃.
From present situation both domestic and external, adopt pure dried cutting particularly high-speed dry cutting also have sizable difficulty.And the cutting of traditional wet type has many deficiencies.Adopting a small amount of lubricated near dry cutting is practicable method, is all attempting both at home and abroad.Germany Daimler-Benz company and Archen polytechnical university have born the research about dry-type processing or minimizing oil plant consumption jointly, and purpose is the least possible use cutting fluid.It is the center with the electrohydraulic digital valve that the present invention has set up one, the micro lubricating Fuzzy control system, and it can provide the minimum cutting fluid that satisfies processing request adaptively according to the temperature of process.This digital valve is Japanese imported with original packaging, and the may command flow is between 0.02L/min-1L/min.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cutting process temperature fuzzy control system; this control system is controlled cutting temperature indirectly by the flow that changes cutting fluid; realized in the control cutting temperature, reducing the cutting fluid use amount to greatest extent, thereby saved cost in a large number, the protection environment.
The present invention is achieved like this, it comprises computing machine, data collecting card, fortune fortune control card, the signal condition amplifying circuit, infrared temperature sensor, electrohydraulic digital valve, nozzle, surplus valve, tensimeter, hydraulic pump, motor, fuel tank, it is characterized in that computing machine connects data collecting card and motion control card respectively, data acquisition card connection signal condition amplifying circuit, the signal condition amplifying circuit connects infrared temperature sensor, motion control card connection electrohydraulic digital valve, electrohydraulic digital valve connects nozzle and surplus valve respectively, surplus valve connects tensimeter and hydraulic pump respectively, hydraulic pump connects motor, and fuel tank connects hydraulic pump and surplus valve; Infrared temperature sensor is measured near the cutting temperature the point of a knife, the temperature signal that collects is converted into voltage signal by the signal condition amplifying circuit, the voltage signal that collects be multiply by 100 times to be reduced to temperature value and to be kept in the computing machine, after computing machine compares processing to the preset value of temperature in the temperature signal value of gathering and the fuzzy controller in the computing machine, produce controlled quentity controlled variable by FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL, controlled quentity controlled variable is the stepper motor required pulse on the electrohydraulic digital valve, this controlled quentity controlled variable is controlled the aperture of electrohydraulic digital valve by motion control card, and then control reaches the purpose of controlling the temperature of cutting region by the flow that changes cutting fluid by the flow of the cutting fluid of electrohydraulic digital valve.
Advantage of the present invention is: the cutting fluid flow of control electrohydraulic digital valve output, forms a closed-loop system, and the temperature of controlling process is in certain limit, thereby reaches the control process, controls final crudy, and makes the consumption of cutting fluid minimum.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a functional-block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is pulse-discharge diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a Fuzzy control system module map of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a fuzzy control software process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that VC of the present invention gathers, the kinetic control system surface chart;
Fig. 6 is a graph of a relation between cutting fluid flow of the present invention and the cutting temperature;
Fig. 7 is a fuzzy control design sketch of the present invention;
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is achieved like this, computing machine 1 connects data collecting card 2 and motion control card 3 respectively, data collecting card 2 connects signal condition amplifying circuit 4, and signal condition amplifying circuit 4 connects infrared temperature sensor 5, and motion control card 3 connects electrohydraulic digital valve 6, electrohydraulic digital valve 6 connects nozzle 7 and surplus valve 8 respectively, surplus valve 8 connects tensimeter 9 and hydraulic pump 10 respectively, and hydraulic pump 10 connects motor 11, and fuel tank 12 connects hydraulic pump 10 and surplus valve 8; Infrared temperature sensor is measured near the cutting temperature 5 points of a knife, the temperature signal that collects is converted into voltage signal by signal condition amplifying circuit 4, the voltage signal that collects be multiply by 100 times to be reduced to temperature value and to be kept at 1 li in computing machine, after the design load of temperature compares processing in the fuzzy controller in the temperature signal value of 1 pair of collection of computing machine and the computing machine 1, produce controlled quentity controlled variable by fuzzy control, controlled quentity controlled variable is the stepper motor required pulse on the electrohydraulic digital valve 6, this controlled quentity controlled variable is controlled the aperture of electrohydraulic digital valve 6 by motion control card, and then control reaches the purpose of controlling the temperature of cutting region by the flow that changes cutting fluid by the flow of the cutting fluid of electrohydraulic digital valve 6.Through demarcating, determined to concern between digital valve pulse and the cutting fluid flow, as shown in Figure 2.
As shown in Figure 3, fuzzy controller 13 has output of two inputs, and Tref is a reference temperature, and T is actual measurement cutter temperature.Two are input as temperature error E and error variation Ec, and Ke and Kc are respectively quantizing factor.Be output as the variable quantity U of digital valve aperture, Ku is a scale factor.The triangle subordinate function is all selected in the input and output of fuzzy controller 13 for use.The fuzzy subset of error E and error rate EC is made up of 7 linguistic variables, and value is: NB, NM, NS, O, PS, PM, PB}, its domain be 6 ,-5 ,-4 ,-3 ,-2 ,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6}.7 linguistic variable values of the fuzzy subset of output controlled quentity controlled variable U are: NB, NM, NS, ZO, PS, PM, PB}, its domain be 7 ,-6 ,-5 ,-4 ,-3 ,-2 ,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7}.The fuzzy subset of input quantity e (n) is designated as: e1, e2, e3, e4, e5, e6, e7; The fuzzy subset of ec (n) is designated as: ec1, ec2, ec3, ec4, ec5, ec6, ec7; The fuzzy subset of output quantity U is designated as: U1, U2, U3, U4, U5, U6, U7.Effect plays a decisive role is the fuzzy rule module to control in the fuzzy controller.Fuzzy control rule has defined the behavior of control system.Can obtain fuzzy control rule according to priori, see Table 1.In order to guarantee the real-time of control system, advance and fuzzy reasoning according to the fuzzy control rule of table a kind, obtain fuzzy control table, see Table 2.In control procedure, obtain controlled quentity controlled variable by the mode of tabling look-up.The MIN-MIN-gravity model appoach is selected in fuzzy reasoning and judgement for use.
Table 1. fuzzy control rule table
Table 2. fuzzy control table
As shown in Figure 4, Control Software realizes that with object oriented programming languages VC6.0 main modular comprises: the output mode set of man-machine interface, data acquisition and filtering, fuzzy control, controlled quentity controlled variable is a software collection, and frequency acquisition is 10HZ.Interference of noise when reducing image data has adopted digital filtering, and concrete grammar is: gather secondary data for per 10 milliseconds, get arithmetic mean after gathering 10 times, according to this value calculating E and Ec.Control mode is point-to-point control.
By an example fuzzy control method of the present invention and effect are being elaborated down.
Test unit
1. test lathe: Switzerland MIKRON UCP600VARIO type five coordinate high-speed vertical machining centers.
2. cutting tool: the upright milling cutter of diamond coatings three teeth (Φ 20mm)
3. workpiece material: aviation prestretched aluminium sheet (7050-T7451).
4. low noise Oil pump electrical machinery: 250 ℃ of oil pump working temperatures, about 50 decibels of noise, power of motor 370W, voltage 380V.
5. electrohydraulic digital valve and driving: electrohydraulic digital valve is about working pressure value 10Mpa, and the may command flow is between 0.02L/min-1L/min.Electrohydraulic digital valve is Japanese imported with original packaging equipment.
Technological parameter is: n=8000rpm, f=380mm/min, ap=3mm.
VC software collection, kinetic control system surface chart are as shown in Figure 5.
Under these conditions, obtain the relation between cutting fluid flow and the cutting temperature by experiment, see Fig. 6.We are as can be seen from figure, dried cutting temperature under this group technological parameter is 220 ℃ to the maximum, in the digital valve aperture is that 500 o'clock cutting temperature minimum is 50 ℃, thus can be: under the prerequisite of other technological parameter inconvenience, cutting temperature can be controlled between 50 ℃ and 220 ℃ by the flow that changes cutting fluid from intuitively reaching a conclusion.
In order to verify above conclusion, the cutting temperature value is set at 100 ℃.Experimental result is seen Fig. 7.Curve B is to do the cutting temperature curve, and A is the temperature curve that obtains under the control of fuzzy control system.C is the curve with the digital valve aperture size of curve A correspondence.Contrast discovery by A, B, the curve B temperature maintains about 220 ℃ basically, and temperature fluctuation is very big, and the temperature maintenance of curve A is at 100 ℃, and temperature fluctuation is very little, and control accuracy is at 100 ± 10 ℃.This result is more satisfactory.Controlled quentity controlled variable can be along with the variation of temperature rapid reaction as can be seen by curve C, and this also is the precondition that native system has higher control accuracy.The flow that can clearly be seen that digital valve by this figure can be adjusted accordingly along with the variation of cutting temperature is adaptive, thereby reaches the dual purpose of control cutting temperature and minimizing cutting fluid consumption.
Conclusion: be the center with the electrohydraulic digital valve, control indirectly by the flow that changes cutting fluid and reduce the cutting fluid use amount when cutting temperature can be implemented in the control cutting temperature to greatest extent.
Claims (1)
1. cutting process temperature fuzzy control system, it comprises computing machine, data collecting card, motion control card, the signal condition amplifying circuit, infrared temperature sensor, electrohydraulic digital valve, nozzle, surplus valve, tensimeter, hydraulic pump, motor, fuel tank, it is characterized in that computing machine connects data collecting card and motion control card respectively, data acquisition card connection signal condition amplifying circuit, the signal condition amplifying circuit connects infrared temperature sensor, motion control card connection electrohydraulic digital valve, electrohydraulic digital valve connects nozzle and surplus valve respectively, surplus valve connects tensimeter and hydraulic pump respectively, hydraulic pump connects motor, and fuel tank connects hydraulic pump and surplus valve; Infrared temperature sensor is measured near the cutting temperature the point of a knife, the temperature signal that collects is converted into voltage signal by the signal condition amplifying circuit, the voltage signal that collects be multiply by 100 times to be reduced to temperature value and to be kept in the computing machine, after computing machine compares processing to the preset value of temperature in the temperature signal value of gathering and the fuzzy controller in the computing machine, produce controlled quentity controlled variable by FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL, controlled quentity controlled variable is the stepper motor required pulse on the electrohydraulic digital valve, this controlled quentity controlled variable is controlled the aperture of electrohydraulic digital valve by motion control card, and then control reaches the purpose of controlling the temperature of cutting region by the flow that changes cutting fluid by the flow of the cutting fluid of electrohydraulic digital valve.
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| CN 201010141698 CN101799662A (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2010-04-08 | Cutting process temperature fuzzy control system |
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| CN 201010141698 CN101799662A (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2010-04-08 | Cutting process temperature fuzzy control system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109909885A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-21 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of closed-loop control system of grinding temperature |
| CN113238480A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-10 | 合肥工业大学 | Parameterized regulating and controlling system and method for metal cutting machining cooling gas jet |
| CN117313535A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-12-29 | 昆明理工大学 | Indium phosphide monocrystal production temperature control method based on fuzzy control |
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| EP0730128A1 (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1996-09-04 | Carrier Corporation | Fuzzy logic control of liquid injection for motor cooling |
| EP1471397A2 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-10-27 | Falmer Investments Limited | Adaptive fuzzy logic temperature control |
| CN101249615A (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2008-08-27 | 江苏科技大学 | On-line control apparatus and control method of cutting temperature |
| CN201168892Y (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2008-12-24 | 江苏科技大学 | Cooling control device for metal cutting |
| CN201346695Y (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2009-11-18 | 佛山市佛威精密机器有限公司 | Horizontal type processing center |
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2010
- 2010-04-08 CN CN 201010141698 patent/CN101799662A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0730128A1 (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1996-09-04 | Carrier Corporation | Fuzzy logic control of liquid injection for motor cooling |
| EP1471397A2 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-10-27 | Falmer Investments Limited | Adaptive fuzzy logic temperature control |
| CN101249615A (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2008-08-27 | 江苏科技大学 | On-line control apparatus and control method of cutting temperature |
| CN201168892Y (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2008-12-24 | 江苏科技大学 | Cooling control device for metal cutting |
| CN201346695Y (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2009-11-18 | 佛山市佛威精密机器有限公司 | Horizontal type processing center |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109909885A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-21 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of closed-loop control system of grinding temperature |
| CN113238480A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-10 | 合肥工业大学 | Parameterized regulating and controlling system and method for metal cutting machining cooling gas jet |
| CN113238480B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-04-26 | 合肥工业大学 | Parameterized regulating and controlling system and method for metal cutting machining cooling gas jet |
| CN117313535A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-12-29 | 昆明理工大学 | Indium phosphide monocrystal production temperature control method based on fuzzy control |
| CN117313535B (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2024-04-19 | 昆明理工大学 | Indium phosphide monocrystal production temperature control method based on fuzzy control |
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Application publication date: 20100811 |