CN101798657A - Micro-alloy chemical die steel and thermal treatment method thereof - Google Patents

Micro-alloy chemical die steel and thermal treatment method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101798657A
CN101798657A CN 201010138834 CN201010138834A CN101798657A CN 101798657 A CN101798657 A CN 101798657A CN 201010138834 CN201010138834 CN 201010138834 CN 201010138834 A CN201010138834 A CN 201010138834A CN 101798657 A CN101798657 A CN 101798657A
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steel
die steel
thermal treatment
micro
quenching
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戚正风
田绍洁
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Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-alloy chemical die steel and a thermal treatment method thereof. The chemical die steel comprises the following chemical components in percent by weight: 0.7 to 0.9 percent of C, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of V or Nb, 1.0 to 2.0 percent of Cr, Mn, Si and Mo, common steel with more than or equal to 50ppm of O, N, S and P, and less than 50ppm clean steel. The thermal treatment method for the steel comprises the following steps: heating the steel to between 1,050 and 1,150 DEG C after hot rolling to perform solution treatment, quickly cooling the steel to 600 DEG C, transferring the steel to a 400 to 700 DEG C furnace to perform isothermal transformation, heating the steel to between 900 and 950 DEG C after machining, quenching the steel by oil, and finally tempering the steel at the temperature of between 150 and 200 DEG C. The invention discloses the high-quality chemical die steel with low alloy element content, advantages of saving sources and reducing carbon emission and wide application prospect in die and bearing industries.

Description

Micro-alloy chemical die steel and heat treating method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel mould steel and heat treating method thereof.
Background technology
Mould shared status in production is more and more important, produces not only with mould and can increase substantially production efficiency, and can guarantee the consistence of quality product.The output value of mold manufacturing industry has surpassed machine-tool industry at present, this shows the critical role of mould in production.
Most moulds are all done with steel, therefore will improve the quality of mould, at first will improve the quality of die steel, and will economize on resources and reduce the quality that improves die steel under the prerequisite of carbon emission.China has been that die steel is produced the world's strongest nation at present, but also is not die steel production power.All ask an exorbitant fare every year from external a large amount of import high-quality die steel.Its price is more than three times of die steel price of homemade same grade of steel.According to different sorting techniques, die steel can be divided into cold-work die steel, hot-work die steel and plastic die steel, and is wherein important with cold-work die steel.Cold-work die steel can be divided into low-alloy cold-forming die steel, interalloy cold-work die steel and cold work die steel in high alloy through again.Alloying element content is high more, and price is expensive more.In order to economize on resources, need the few high-quality die steel of development alloying element content, in order to reduce carbon emission, need to simplify the production technique of die steel.
Because the working conditions of low-alloy cold-forming die steel and Low Alloy Tool Steel and bearing steel is basic identical, this three classes steel can be general mutually, so can be referred to as mould steel.Be to list the chemical ingredients of China's this three classes steel commonly used and the performance after the thermal treatment in below.
Chemical ingredients % quenches, tempering temperature hardenability hardening capacity flexural strength impact toughness
W/V ℃ of HRC mm of grade of steel C Si Mn Cr MPa J/CM 2
9SiCr 0.90 1.40 0.45 1.08 840x200 62 26 2250
CrWMn 0.98 0.40 0.95 1.05 1.40/ 815x200 62
9CrWMn 0.90 0.40 1.05 0.65 0.65/ 815x200 62
CrMn 1.40 0.40 0.56 1.45 815x200 61 1950
MnSi 1.00 0.80 0.75 810x200 61 17
8MnSi 0.80 0.45 0.95 810x200 60
9Mn2 0.90 0.40 1.85 770x200 62
CrW5 1.40 0.40 0.40 0.55 5.00/ 810x200 65
Cr2 1.02 0.40 0.40 1.50 845x200 62 30
9Cr2 0.87 0.40 0.40 1.50 835x200 62
V 1.00 0.40 0.40 /0.30 800x200 62
W 1.15 0.40 0.40 0.20 1.00/ 815x200 62
GCr15 1.00 0.25 0.30 1.50 840x160 63/64 20 20
GCr15SiMn?1.00 0.53 1.05 1.50 840x160 63/64 40
9Mn2V 0.90 0.40 1.85 /0.18 795x200 62 36 1700 55
MnCrWV 1.00 0.40 1.15 0.55 0.55/0.23 810x200 62
Annotate: core rigidities can reach the garden rod diameter (mm) of 60HRC when hardening capacity referred to oil quenching
By above-listed data as seen, the carbon content of this three classes steel is all about 1.0%, and minimum is 0.89% as 9Cr2, indivedual the highest be 1.40% as CrW5, be hypereutectoid steel.Alloying element content all more than 2%, is up to 5% except that indivedual; All need after the hot rolling through normalizing and distribution and the form of Spheroidizing Annealing to improve carbide, slack quenching and low-temperaturetempering are all adopted in final thermal treatment.Quenching temperature is Ac1+30-50 ℃, and tempering temperature is organized as tempered martensite and a small amount of undissolved carbide between 150-200 ℃; Quench hardness after the tempering about 61HRC, and minority can reach 64HRC.Because quenching temperature is not high, so hardening capacity is low, be example with GCr15, through hardening diameter 20mm only during oil quenching, also 40mm only behind increase Si, the Mn.Quench, the flexural strength of Annealed Strip about 2000MPa, impelling strength is at 20J/CM 2About.
In sum, as can be seen, the common feature of this three classes steel is that slack quenching is all adopted in final thermal treatment.Reason is in order to keep a part of carbide when quenching heating, to grow up with the prevention austenite crystal, thereby can guarantee to quench, the obdurability after the tempering.For making the undissolved carbide uniform distribution, and round and tiny, after hot rolling, before the heating of quenching, need to carry out normalizing and Spheroidizing Annealing, this class steel is the hypereutectoid steel of carbon content about 1.0%.For carrying out oil quenching, also need to add the alloying element about 2%.Because quenching temperature is not high, although added about 2% alloying element, hardening capacity is still limited, and oil quenching through hardening diameter is only about 30mm.In the end be though that 9Mn2V and MnCrWV have added the trace V that stops austenite crystal to be grown up in two steel grades, but owing to still adopt slack quenching, so do not give full play to the effect of V.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, designed a kind of micro-alloy chemical die steel and heat treating method thereof.
Technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of micro-alloy chemical die steel, its chemical ingredients is: C 0.7-0.9%; V or Nb 0.15-0.25%; The total amount 1.0-2.0% of Cr, Mn, Si and Mo; O, N, S, P total amount 〉=50ppm are ordinary steel; Its content is Clean Steel less than 50ppm's.
The heat treating method of micro-alloy chemical die steel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thermal treatment process of this mould steel is: the hot rolling post-heating carries out solution treatment to 1050-1150 ℃ and is as cold as 600 ℃ soon and changes in the 400-700 ℃ of stove and make it isothermal transformation, the machining post-heating is to 900-950 ℃ of oil quenching, at last 150-200 ℃ of tempering.
Advantage of the present invention compared with prior art mainly shows:
1, hot rolling and 1050-1150 ℃ solution treatment can be carried out simultaneously, only needs after the hot rolling that promptly the steel temperature is returned to 1050-1150 ℃ and can spray water and be chilled to 600 ℃ soon, carries out isothermal processes then.Need not normalizing and Spheroidizing Annealing after the isothermal processes and can carry out machining, simplified thermal treatment process, reduced carbon emission;
2. what, obtain after solid solution and the isothermal processes is vanadium carbide or niobium carbide and the equally distributed tiny carbide that disperse distributes, vanadium carbide that disperse distributes or niobium carbide can stop austenite crystal to be grown up when quenching heating, equally distributed tiny carbide is easy to dissolve in austenite when quenching heating, the content of C and Cr in the raising austenite;
3, stop task that austenite crystal grows up by disperse distribute be difficult to the dissolved vanadium carbide or niobium carbide is born, so slack quenching can be changed into 900-950 ℃ quenching fully, because the raising of quenching temperature, fully dissolving in of carbide, though the carbon and the alloying element content of steel have descended, hardening capacity can be enhanced about more than once;
4, since when quenching heating except that fine vanadium carbide and niobium carbide do not dissolve, other carbide are fully dissolving, and what separate out during 150-200 ℃ of low-temperaturetempering is the nano level carbonization thing that disperse distributes, so obdurability is good, flexural strength is more than 2500MPa, and impact toughness is at 30J/CM 2More than, quench, tempered-hardness is more than 61HRC.
Description of drawings
Drawings attached 3 width of cloth of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a GCr15 Heat Treatment Of Steel process curve synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a CrMnMoV Heat Treatment Of Steel process curve synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the end quenching curve synoptic diagram of GCr15 and CrMnMoV.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1～shown in Figure 3.A kind of micro-alloy chemical die steel and heat treating method thereof.The chemical ingredients characteristics of this class steel are: the V or the Nb of adding 0.2% carry out microalloying; Carbon content is reduced to eutectoid composition from hypereutectoid, promptly is reduced to 0.7-0.9%; Alloying element content is reduced to about 1.5%, and harmful element content such as O, N, S, P can be divided into two classes, and a class is an ordinary steel, and content is same with existing standard, and another kind of is Clean Steel, and the total content of O, N, S, P etc. should be below 50ppm.The specific thermal treatment process of this class steel is as follows: the hot rolling post-heating can fully dissolve in austenitic temperature 1050-1150 ℃ to vanadium carbide and niobium carbide to carry out solution treatment and makes carbon and all alloying element all dissolve in the austenite, be chilled to 600 ℃ soon, changing over to and making it isothermal transformation in 400-700 ℃ the stove is nodular troostite or bainite, isothermal temperature is adjusted in the requirement of hardness or after isothermal processes, carried out a tempering according to machining to adjust hardness, the machining post-heating carries out low-temperaturetempering at 150-200 ℃ at last to 900-950 ℃ of oil quenching.Be that example compares with bearing steel GCr15 and microalloyed ultra-fine cold-work die steel CrMnMoV below.
(wt%) is as follows for the chemical ingredients of these two kinds of steel:
Grade of steel C Si Mn S P Cr Mo V
GCr15 0.95-1.05 0.15-0.35 0.2-0.4 ≤0.02 ≤0.03 1.30-1.65
CrMnMoV 0.65-0.75 0.15-0.35 0.5-0.8 ≤0.04 ≤0.04 0.90-1.20?0.3-0.4 0.15-0.35
The thermal treatment process of GCr15 is: accompanying drawing 1 is seen in hot rolling → normalizing → Spheroidizing Annealing → 840 ℃ oil quenching → 150 ℃ of tempering; The thermal treatment process of CrMnMoV is: hot rolling attitude rod iron is seen accompanying drawing 2 through 1050 ℃ of solution treatment → be chilled to 600 ℃ → 300 ℃ isothermal processes → 900 ℃ oil quenchings → 200 ℃ of tempering soon.
For illustrate that CrMnMoV quenches, temper number and hardening capacity, replace oil quenching with end quenching, isothermal treatment temperatures before the end quenching is 300 ℃, and gained end quenching curve is seen accompanying drawing 3, and the end quenching curve of GCr15 is taken from " the 3rd edition 4 fascicle Figure 11-319 of thermal treatment handbook " by comparison.By accompanying drawing 3 as seen, though the C content of CrMnMoV and Cr content all are lower than GCr15, just increased a small amount of Mo and V, its hardenability and GCr15 are equally matched, and hardening capacity then is higher than GCr15 far away.The highest only 25mm of through hardening diameter during the GCr15 oil quenching, and the through hardening diameter of CrMnMoV oil quenching is higher than GCr15 far away up to 100mm.Metallographicobservation shows, though the CrMnMoV quenching temperature has been brought up to 900 ℃, because the vanadium carbide particle can stop austenite crystal to be grown up, so austenite crystal is not good at greatly, still is fine grain structure.

Claims (2)

1. micro-alloy chemical die steel, its chemical ingredients is: C 0.7-0.9%; V or Nb 0.15-0.25; The total amount 1.0-2.0% of Cr, Mn, Si and Mo; O, N, S, P total amount 〉=50ppm are ordinary steel; Its content is Clean Steel less than 50ppm's.
2. the heat treating method of micro-alloy chemical die steel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thermal treatment process of this mould steel is: the hot rolling post-heating carries out solution treatment to 1050-1150 ℃, being as cold as 600 ℃ soon changes in the 400-700 ℃ of stove and makes it isothermal transformation, the machining post-heating is to 900-950 ℃ of oil quenching, at last 150-200 ℃ of tempering.
CN 201010138834 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 Micro-alloy chemical die steel and thermal treatment method thereof Pending CN101798657A (en)

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Cited By (33)

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CN103114193A (en) * 2013-03-20 2013-05-22 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 Thermal treatment process for 9SiCr pin reamer
CN103122438A (en) * 2013-02-02 2013-05-29 大连经济技术开发区圣洁真空技术开发有限公司 Microalloyed steel and heat treatment method thereof
CN103464611A (en) * 2013-09-30 2013-12-25 大连益联金属成型有限公司 Thermal insulation cover forming die
CN103464615A (en) * 2013-09-30 2013-12-25 大连益联金属成型有限公司 Junction box stretching die
CN103464612A (en) * 2013-09-30 2013-12-25 大连益联金属成型有限公司 Junction box upper-surface burring die
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CN103484619A (en) * 2013-09-26 2014-01-01 无锡阳工机械制造有限公司 Heat treatment method of GCr15 bearing steel
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CN1122840A (en) * 1994-11-05 1996-05-22 云南工业大学 Micro-alloying and high toughness cold working die steel
CN1904122A (en) * 2006-08-07 2007-01-31 易正伦 High performance hot work mould steel
CN101381843A (en) * 2008-10-17 2009-03-11 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 5Cr5MoWSiV cold roller and heat treatment method thereof

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US5505798A (en) * 1994-06-22 1996-04-09 Jerry L. Nelson Method of producing a tool or die steel
CN1122840A (en) * 1994-11-05 1996-05-22 云南工业大学 Micro-alloying and high toughness cold working die steel
CN1904122A (en) * 2006-08-07 2007-01-31 易正伦 High performance hot work mould steel
CN101381843A (en) * 2008-10-17 2009-03-11 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 5Cr5MoWSiV cold roller and heat treatment method thereof

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