CN101793056A - Foam cement composite bamboo - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a foam cement composite bamboo, characterized in that bamboo is internally provided with pores penetrating through bamboo joint membranes, foam cement is poured into a hollow cavity inside the bamboo according to acknowledged foam cement production technology to foam in the sealed inner cavity of the bamboo, so as to tightly contact and engage with the inner cavity of the bamboo and the residual membranes between bamboo joints in a manner of composite connection. The foam cement composite bamboo not only has low technique characteristics, flexibility, safety, comfort, great availability of raw material, durability, suitability, sustainability, fast building speed and good environmental benefit of bamboos, but also has the advantages of modern foam cement material, such as excellent weathering resistance, shock absorption property, sound insulation and absorption property, thermal insulation property, electric insulation property, corrosive resistance, mildew resistance, low density, light weight, high specific strength, low elasticity, shaking resistance, great safety, fire prevention, wide source of raw materials, convenient and easy production and fast building speed, thus the foam cement composite bamboo is a green and environmentally-friendly building material with high technology involved and easy for popularization.

Description

A kind of foam cement composite bamboo

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of building materials, particularly a kind of by bamboo and foam cement and the composite filled foam cement composite bamboo of fortifying fibre muscle filler.

Background technology:

Bamboo is a kind of plant that can adapt to different weathers and growth cycle weak point, characteristic because of the low power consuming in its process, high yield, it is natural green constructional materials with environmental protection, sustainability, the characteristics that bamboo itself is possessed meet all indexs of sustainable development, along with being short in needed material, routine building is on the rise, bamboo constructional materials is regarded as the substitute of reinforcing bar, cement and timber, can economize on resources greatly, improves environment.

At present, many countries are all attempting using bamboo constructional materials to replace conventional building materials, the bamboo tower of releasing when Zurich, SUIs in 1984 and Rotterdam, NED exhibition in 1985 for example, People's Bank of China's bamboo overline bridge of building in Amsterdam, Dutch capital in 1999, the open air theater that Berlin, Germany in 2000 is built, bamboo pavilion in Hanover's exhibition, and the Rotterdam's bamboo pavilion that built up in 2002., bamboo novelty, fashion, get close to nature the western architecture scholar in the eyes, can be regarded as following constructional materials.

Bamboo has following significant advantage as constructional materials:

Flexibility: the design and the construction of bamboo building have more flexibility, and one of advantage can obtain regular maintenance by changing broken parts exactly.And the rational Application of conventional art in modern building design be another advantage of bamboo then.

Low technical: the technical requirements of bamboo building is not high.The construction in most of bamboos house need not the guidance of high-tech based on the technical level of locality.The multifunctionality of bamboo provides the abundant choice of technology for economical and even top-grade building, and the bamboo building is used in combination with advanced technology than being easier to.

Safety: owing to light weight, good springiness, the function of seismic resistance of bamboo is very outstanding.It is reported (Gutierez, 1998) that in Costa Rican 7.6 grades of earthquakes, 30 bamboo houses that are positioned at the earthquake centre are intact, and peripheral many concrete buildings and hotel can't get rid of the trouble, and all collapse.

Comfortableness: torrid zone farming district summer temperature is very high, and people more are ready to live in the bamboo house.Southern china, particularly south of Yunnan area, people still like building bamboo tower so far and avoid heat, and enjoy the nice and cool of bamboo tower.

Raw material obtains easily: the bamboo raw material can obtain easily in product bamboo state.According to calculating, the annual bamboo grove that only needs 70 public affairs to incline just can be built 1000 in bamboo house.If with timber is raw material, need 600 hectares of wildwood of felling.

Compliance: for a long time, bamboo is extensively utilized with one or more forms, and therefore for people, the bamboo building is not a fangle, and builds the bamboo house by self-service mode, can make the relation between bamboo building and the people developed.

Construction speed is fast: the bamboo house only needs the very short time to get final product installation.This efficient is to natural calamity relief, reduce injures and deaths or or to recover the disaster area people's lives extremely important fast.According to Ecuadorian data, a bamboo house can be finished in 4-5 hour.

Durability: through bamboo wood application life of suitably handling can be for 30 years, and periodic replacement of the use of the meticulous selection of bamboo wood kind, preservative treatment, auxiliary material and aging or broken parts or the like can both increase the durability in bamboo house.Shrinkage and preliminary treatment to bamboo wood can increase the durability of bamboo building and resist the damage performance, and this bamboo wood is used widely.

Environmental benefit: environmental benefit is a major consideration in recent years.Construction project should be utilized local raw material as far as possible, adopt energy-saving design, and constructional materials itself should not work the mischief to human body and environment, in addition, labor-intensive technology can arrange more labour fact proved, only bamboo can farthest satisfy these standards.Be respectively 240,500 with concrete, steel and log and compare with the requirement of 80MJ/m3 per n/mm2, bamboo only is 30MJ/m3 per n/mm2.Studies show that: building of the same area, bamboo and concrete energy loss-rate be 1: 8.With steel iron phase ratio, the energy consumption of bamboo only is 1/50 of steel in the identical process.

Reduce deforestation: in many developing countries, the farm dwelling forestry products such as timber, cogongrass that still mainly have drawn from.The undue consumption of the forest reserves and the seasonal periodicity of trees maturation cause the wretched insufficiency of wood raw material, and because build house, some national timber resources have faced exhaustion.Thus, bamboo just becomes the practicable selection that substitutes timber.When natural calamity took place, the common way of developing country was that near the forest of felling is to build temporary home, the both uneconomical also not environmental protection of this behavior.The substitution material that bamboo can be used as timber is used for building of temporary home, to reduce to the immoderate felling of forest the protection environment.

Sustainability: the sustainability of society, economy and environment be become more and more important in the current development field problem.The characteristics that bamboo itself is possessed meet all indexs of sustainable development.Bamboo can be become a useful person in 2 to 3 years, and timber needs 25 years at least.Bamboo is the fastest plant that grows in the world, and it is within sight to substitute timber, only needs the bamboo house that utilizes local main raw material(s) and instrument just to be enough to build simple economy.

Compare the distinct advantage of bamboo wood, its shortcoming also is clearly: do not pass through the bamboo of specially treated, because it contains a large amount of sugars, bamboo pulp, bamboo glue, so easily infested.Traditional treating method is the back to be dried in bamboo baking bake, utilize the wooden gold-plating oil that contains in the cigarette to form layer protecting film on the bamboo surface with sootiness fast, damages by worms preventing.Also have a kind for the treatment of method to be at the bamboo wood external coating, to steam smoked one deck hydrated lime or boric acid, infiltrate and mold corrosion to prevent moisture.

Another shortcoming of bamboo wood is to be not easy to fix and be connected, bamboo wood is as the plant that generates naturally, it is hollow tubular, smooth in appearance and hard, and this makes some traditional fixing and connected modes, used more than one thousand years such as binding, tenon fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches technology, but its efficient is not high, have within the specific limits mobile, after the air-dry contraction of bamboo wood, take place to relax in the junction, make total produce distortion.And bamboo wood is easy to crack when dry, and this makes some be easy to the bamboo wood splitting as perforation connected modes such as the connection of metal node crab-bolt, bolt connections.When the crack is connected with metal node crab-bolt, the bolted face of being cut is pressed close to or overlapped, will reduce the degree of safety of structure.Prior art a solution is that the side at node place bolt adds steel sheet and makes stirrup, and sharing the point-like pressure of bolt junction, but the bamboo wood of hollow tubular is still easily by the wire pressure pressure break of stirrup.This technology limitation makes bamboo wood be difficult to build the building of superelevation, super large, overlength.

Therefore the solution that produces is to use bolt to connect to add cement mortar and waters irrigation technology, and this technology is by being connected or directly watering cement mortar at whole former bamboo inner chamber with cement mortar pouring and bamboo are compound in the bolt junction.Though the lifting that this is successful whole bamboo rod member supporting capacity, can be used in building span bigger house.But cement mortar is watered the deadweight that irrigation technology has increased building, and has reduced elasticity, toughness and the anti-seismic performance of bamboo wood, makes bamboo wood lose slim and graceful firm characteristic.The cement mortar pouring reduces the workability of former bamboo with the compound link technique of bamboo greatly in addition, thereby has increased construction complexity and difficulty, has prolonged construction period.Even more serious is, general portland cement is in aquation and hardening process, and volume can shrink.It is tight compound that this is difficult to cement and former bamboo, thereby reduced the resistance to compression degree and the immunity to interference of bamboo wood.And the rate of expanding with heat and contract with cold of cement and bamboo wood makes a world of difference, and this has further reduced the combined strength bination of bamboo and cement.

Foam cement is a kind of careful not connected air of independent one by one sealing that is evenly distributed with in cement, forms a kind of structure and the cement of character as foamed plastics.Foam cement is owing to being to mix to stir in the bubble adding cement paste that adopts the foaming of blowing of pressure-air blowing agent to be produced to get, so be foamed cement again.

Foam cement has following characteristic:

1, warming thermal insulation.The foam cement of density rating 300-1200kg/m3 scope, coefficient of thermal conductivity are between the 0.06-0.3w/ (mK), and warming effect of heat insulation is 20-30 a times of non-foam cement.

2, lightweight.Cement foamed back weight is very light, and unit weight has only the 300-600kg/ cubic meter, and is also lighter than water, the density rating of using foam cement always that can float on the water is 300-1200kg/m3, and unit weight has only the 300-600kg/ cubic meter, is equivalent to 1/5～1/10 of ordinary concrete, also lighter than water, can float on the water.And compressive strength can be produced the foam cement product of varying strength according to the building designing requirement greater than 0.25Mpa.In building structure such as the external and internal wall of building, aspect, flooring, adopt this kind material, can show the deadweight of reduction building, improve the bearing capacity of member.

3, sound insulation vibration isolation impact resistance.Foam cement genus polyporus material, attraction power 0.09-0.19% has good sound insulation value, in fields such as building storey and speedway sound insulating panel, underground building top layers, all can adopt this material as puigging.Be 5 times of non-foam cement.

4, the low antidetonation that plays.The porosity of foam cement makes it have lower modulus of elasticity, thereby makes its impact load have good absorption and dispersion.The characteristic of foam cement high-strength light can effectively lower load of buildings 20%～40% simultaneously, and building load is more little, and shock resistance is strong more.

5, safety, fire prevention, weather resistance are good.Foam cement and building basic unit bonding firmly, not hollowing, do not ftracture, Wind-Pressure Resistance, shock-resistant, good weatherability.Foam cement is the inorganic non-combustible material, is used for roof insulation, floor heating, indoor bed course and does not all worry fire safety problem; Foam cement is a cement products, and its life-span is basic identical with the building main body life-span.

6, raw material are extensive.The main raw material(s) of foam cement is cement and flyash, sandstone etc., and raw material are extensive, and no matter in office where the district can be gathered materials on the spot, and produced on-site economizes on resources and cost.

7, production is easy, and speed of application is fast.Foam cement is a cement products, during site operation with the special-purpose foaming cement manufacture plant produce, pumping, directly build in working face and to get final product, the saving of labor, save time and material-saving.Utilize the foam cement production equipment to make concrete block, prefabricated components such as energy-saving brick, cost is low, and manufacturing speed is fast, and a production line just can satisfy large batch of requirement.

8, good processability is installed, foam cement product can be sawed, can follow closely, can bore, can cut arbitrarily, arbitrarily makes construction pattern.

Foam cement is the mixture of cement (portland cement usually) and air bubble.When adding a certain amount of moisture, thereby hydrated cementitious forms the opaque lattice structure parcel of microcosmic and becomes overall structure in conjunction with air bubble.Usually foamed cement structures has stronger compressive strength.But the tensile strength of foam cement is lower, has only about 1/10th of compressive strength usually, thereby any significant stretch bending effect all can make its microcosmic lattice structure cracking cause structural damage with separating.And all there is the demand that is subjected to action of pulling stress most structural element inside.Adding foam cement is cast-in-site, is subjected to multiple factor affecting such as equipment, technology, technical level, and product quality often is difficult to controlled and guarantees that low-quality foam cement heat insulation layer is also of common occurrence on engineering.Even be difficult to satisfy dry density≤400kg/m3, compressive strength 〉=0.4MPa, the basic physical performance indications of coefficient of thermal conductivity≤0.09W/m.K.So foam cement can not be used alone in the engineering load-carrying members.Therefore foam cement is main at present is used as heat insulating material and cuts off material, for example:

1, cast in situs flooring foam cement isolation layer.

2, cast in situs floor heating foaming cement thermal insulation layer.

3, metope light heat-insulating brick or title light heat-insulating plate.

4, flooring lightweight thermal insulation brick or title flooring lightweight thermal baffle.

5, light cement brick or title light weight cement plate.

6, Light partition wall.

Woodpecker is repeated 1.2 ten thousand times for the existence of looking for food every day, with beak portion with the frequency of 20 per seconds with 1200 gram forces bump trunk, is equivalent to us and is riding bicycle and hit wall 12000 times every day, and bird is still vivaciously in good health.Biomechanics of bone discovers, beak portion is made coated with fiber by hard bone like the woodpecker chisel, and the bottom is covered with thick spongiosa bone and cartilage, to weaken concussion.Biomechanics of bone is research bone tissue and the mechanics condition of skeletal structure under external influence, temporal effect and remote effect after the research bone is stressed, and the mechanical mechanism of live bone development, growth, absorption and extinction.The mechanical characteristic of bone is inhomogenous, and in the same area, even only be separated by 2 millimeters, the mechanical property of bone also can be far from each other, and the inhomogenous Hardness Distribution pattern of bone helps it and absorbs energy.Before this, people generally believe that the hardness of heterogeneity material is not as the homogeneous material height.The biomechanics of bone result of study shows that bone can absorb more energy than other homogeneous materials, and this is the masterpiece of the Nature.This structure makes bone can resist unexpected fracture.

Summary of the invention:

In order to make full use of the bamboo wood of natural form, solve with the means of relative low technical that former bamboo is easily infested fixedlys connected inconvenience and strength deficiency with hollow structure causes, the invention provides a kind of foam cement composite bamboo, make it promptly have the low technical feature of bamboo wood, flexibility, safety, comfortableness, raw material obtains easiness, durability, compliance, fast and the environmental benefit of sustainability and construction speed has the good weatherability of modern foam cement material again, bumper and absorbing shock, sound insulating and absorbing, thermal insulation, electrical insulating property, corrosion-resistant, fungus resistance and density are low, light weight, the advantage that specific strength is high.

The present invention's technical scheme that is adopted of dealing with problems is such:

A kind of foam cement composite bamboo, it is characterized in that being provided with the perforate of the former bamboo ring barrier film of perforation in former bamboo inside, in the former bamboo inner chamber of sealing, foam according to known foam cement production technology perfusion foam cement at former bamboo internal cavities, interlock is compound to be connected thereby closely contact with barrier film residual between former bamboo inner chamber and ring, foam cement can mix interpolation fortifying fibre muscle filler, above-mentioned fortifying fibre muscle filler is meant string, glass fiber, metallic fiber, the mixture of high molecular polymerization fibres or above-mentioned fiber, according to the bamboo wood purposes can be by adding different proportion fortifying fibre muscle filler and the density of control foam cement changing the physical property of bamboo wood, and according to the bamboo wood purposes can by the foam cement casting machine repeatedly pour into a mould or many foam cement casting machines in turn cast foam cement that former bamboo stage casing and termination be set different density is arranged.

Discover, infested or the mould of former bamboo, mainly originate from soft inner chamber, and mould mostly is happiness oxygen bacterial classification, and traditional sootiness or brushing lime technology mainly are improve former bamboo surface mothproof anticorrosion, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows, oxygen and moisture by the isolated fully former bamboo inside of pouring foam cement reach mothproof corrosion-resistant purpose, moth or mould are thoroughly lost in the inner survival environment of former bamboo, be aided with traditional mothproof anticorrosion process again, can effectively prolong the application life of bamboo building.

Aspect physical property, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows, compare foam cement, the tensile strength of bamboo is very high, even be the reinforcing bar in the plant by being known as, by at the controlled foam cement of the inner packed density of former bamboo, not only increase the compressive strength of bamboo wood, simultaneously also increased foam cement tensile strength: at first bamboo and foam cement have approximately uniform linear expansion coeffcient, can be by the excessive stress of the different generations of environment.Secondly between bamboo and the foam cement good adhesion stress is arranged, the residual ring barrier film of bamboo inner chamber has also improved the mechanical snap between foam cement and the bamboo simultaneously.A kind of foam cement composite bamboo compares independent foam cement or bamboo wood all has significantly lifting in physical property and application range.

Installing aspect the processing characteristics, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows that foam cement product can be sawed, can follow closely, can bore, can cut arbitrarily, make can be fastenedly connected in reinforcement metal node crab-bolt, keep the slim and graceful and flexible technical characterictic of bamboo wood simultaneously.

Unlike a lot of high investments that utilize the Technology Need that modern compound, recombinant technique processes former bamboo, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows that foam cement is to use as filler, this has reduced the requirement to factors such as equipment, technology, technical levels.By the low technical means, make low cost, the former bamboo that easily obtains and same foam cement low-cost, that easily obtain constitute a kind of brand-new environment-friendly building materials.Can directly be used as the main supporting member that satisfies modern building fabric, becoming vast rural area can the low-cost bamboo building materials that use.

The foam cement of foam cement composite bamboo filling sponge shape in tough and tensile former bamboo, its design is a kind of advanced composite material (ACM) with reference to the structure of bone, has hardness and toughness as the bone, helps absorbing energy and the unexpected fracture of opposing.

Application of composite by traditional material bamboo and modern material foam cement, the present invention can have the low technical feature of bamboo wood, flexibility, safety, comfortableness, raw material obtains easiness, durability, compliance, fast and the environmental benefit of sustainability and construction speed has the good weatherability of modern foam cement material again, bumper and absorbing shock, sound insulating and absorbing, thermal insulation, electrical insulating property, corrosion-resistant, fungus resistance and density are low, light weight, the specific strength height, the low antidetonation that plays, safety, fire prevention, raw material are extensive, produce easy, the advantage that speed of application is fast, be a kind of with high content of technology, the green structural material that is easy to promote.

Description of drawings:

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Fig. 1 is a horizontal section structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal profile structural representation of the present invention;

Among the figure: 1, former bamboo; 2, fortifying fibre muscle filler; 3, foam cement; 4, ring; 5, ring barrier film perforate.

The specific embodiment:

As shown in the figure:

A kind of foam cement composite bamboo, it is characterized in that being provided with the ring barrier film perforate 5 of former bamboo ring 4 barrier films of perforation in former bamboo 1 inside, in former bamboo 1 inner chamber of sealing, foam according to known foam cement production technology perfusion foam cement 3 at former bamboo 1 internal cavities, also can mix and add fortifying fibre muscle filler 2, interlock is compound to be connected thereby closely contact with former bamboo 1 inner chamber and ring 4 residual barrier films, above-mentioned fortifying fibre muscle filler 2 is meant string, glass fiber, metallic fiber, the mixture of high molecular polymerization fibres or above-mentioned fiber can be by fortifying fibre muscle filler 2 that adds different proportion and the density of controlling foam cement to change the physical property of bamboo wood according to the bamboo wood purposes.

In an embodiment, foam cement composite bamboo can be used as post, beam, purlin use.Foam cement composite bamboo can significant prolongation than the general bamboo wood of hollow application life, increase the strength of materials, reduced the possibility of splitting, can bore to saw and can follow closely and can bind round.A kind of foam cement composite bamboo can significantly alleviate the weight of bamboo wood than the bamboo wood of cement mortar pouring, and keeps same intensity.

In an embodiment, foam cement composite bamboo can be designed as the prefabricated component of all size, makes production in batch by standard specification in factory, transports the job site then to and assembles, and can reduce cost, the reduction of erection time, and be convenient to design and construction.

Above embodiment is the unrestricted technical scheme described in the invention in order to explanation the present invention only; Therefore, though this manual describes in detail the present invention with reference to the foregoing description, one of ordinary skill in the art is appreciated that still and can makes amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention; And all do not break away from the technical scheme and the improvement thereof of spirit and scope of the invention, and it all should be encompassed among the claim scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. foam cement composite bamboo, it is characterized in that being provided with the perforate of the former bamboo ring barrier film of perforation in former bamboo inside, be perfused with foam cement at former bamboo internal cavities, interlock is compound to be connected thereby foam cement residual barrier film between the foaming of former bamboo internal cavities and former bamboo inner chamber and ring closely contacts.

2. a kind of foam cement composite bamboo according to claim 1 is characterized in that foam cement can mix interpolation fortifying fibre muscle filler.

3. a kind of foam cement composite bamboo according to claim 1 is characterized in that fortifying fibre muscle filler is meant the mixture of string, glass fiber, metallic fiber, high molecular polymerization fibres or above-mentioned fiber.

4. a kind of foam cement composite bamboo according to claim 1 is characterized in that can changing by the fortifying fibre muscle filler that adds unlike material, different proportion, different-diameter, different length according to the bamboo wood purposes physical property of composite bamboo.

5. a kind of foam cement composite bamboo according to claim 1 is characterized in that can passing through the density of control foam cement to change the physical property of composite bamboo according to the bamboo wood purposes.

6. a kind of foam cement composite bamboo according to claim 1 is characterized in that the foam cement that former bamboo stage casing and termination can be set according to the bamboo wood purposes has different density.

7. a kind of foam cement composite bamboo according to claim 6, the foam cement that it is characterized in that former bamboo stage casing and termination have different density be by the foam cement casting machine repeatedly pour into a mould or many foam cement casting machines in turn cast be provided with.

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