CN101792693A - Method for extracting onion oil - Google Patents
Method for extracting onion oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN101792693A CN101792693A CN200910186848A CN200910186848A CN101792693A CN 101792693 A CN101792693 A CN 101792693A CN 200910186848 A CN200910186848 A CN 200910186848A CN 200910186848 A CN200910186848 A CN 200910186848A CN 101792693 A CN101792693 A CN 101792693A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for extracting onion oil. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, cleaning and homogenating onions, and drying the onions in vacuum, adding petroleum ether in the onion pulp according to that the material-to-liquid ratio of the onion pulp to the petroleum ether is 1:3-7, sealing the mixture, keeping the mixture out of the sun, and extracting the mixture for 1 to 3 hours in water bath at the constant temperature of between 30 and 60 DEG C; secondly, moving the mixture to a micro-wave oven, and performing micro-wave assistance with microwave power in terms of 400-550w/100g onion pulp for 30 to 90 seconds; thirdly, performing reflux extraction under the conditions that the temperature is between 60 and 90 DEG C, the material-to-liquid ratio is 1:3-7, and the time is between 1 and 3 hours; and finally, filtering the extract, and evaporating and concentrating the filtrate by rotation of a gyroscope to prepare the onion oil, wherein distillate is reclaimed organic solvent. The method has the advantages of no residues, strong selectivity, less effective component destruction, simple and easy operation, easy reclamation of reflux extracted solvent, higher yield of the onion oil, stable quality, high output, time saving, less solvent usage and lower energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention adopts the method for solvent extraction onion powder, belongs to the agricultural byproducts processing field, is exclusively used in the deep processing of onion.
Technical background
Onion (Allium cepa L.) claims Onion, onion, round onions again, is the biennial herb plant of Liliaceae allium, belongs to green onion garlic class.Its country of origin is the Central Asia and Mediterranean Sea bank, and edible organs is loose meat bulb, is the seasoning vegetable that the people between east and west all like food.The sweet little suffering of onion flavor, warm in nature has flat liver, moistening lung, parasiticidal function is good for the stomach, detoxifies.As far back as ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome, onion has occupied critical role in folk medicine.
Onion powder is the seasonings of food service industry, is again the raw material of many medicines, functional food, has become the commodity that supply falls short of demand on the world market in recent years.What onion was the most valuable is its health-care hospital effect, these effects all can give the credit to volatile oil component, be referred to as onion powder (Onion Oil), it is orange-yellow clear and bright essential oil, therefrom identified more than 60 kind of sulfocompound, the mixture of these volatile sulfur compounds classes has constituted the distinctive intensive sharp flavor of onion, antimicrbial power and significant physiologic effect.(1) prevents and treats arteriosclerosis and thrombus.Onion can suppress hyperlipidemia and the thrombus tendency that food rich in fat causes fully, and fibrinolytic activity is strengthened.(2) hypotensive.Thereby playing in blood and vessel wall, onion powder sulfide indirect action improves arteriosclerosis, secondary buck effect.(3) anti-diabetic.Onion powder can the lowering blood glucose value, and can not exert an influence to normal blood sugar.(4) improve the liver dysfunction.Contain multiple amino acids bonded gsh compounds, all produce effect for drug intoxication, metal poisoning, autointoxication and the various reactive disorder of crossing.(5) sterilizing ability is strong.The onion powder sterilizing power is 1/10th of a garlicin, is 15 times of phenol, still belongs to extremely strong bacteriocidal substance, and unpleasant odor is arranged unlike allicin, so American-European often a kind of medicine of onion powder as treatment, control transmissible disease.
The extracting method of onion powder has steam distillation, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method, solvent-extraction process etc. at present.Steam distillation is divided into again directly, indirect, indirectly straight and usage.The big and part composition possible loss of distillation method power consumption, the extraction process of external onion powder adopts the water at atmospheric pressure vapor distillation mostly; Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method can be operated under not too high temperature, therefore less to heat sensitive compound decomposition loss, can obtain also residual solvent not of high-quality extract, but equipment used complexity, investment is big, the operational condition harshness is not suitable for scale operation, and extraction effect is not very good.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of solvent extraction onion powder, the active substance destruction that the solution prior art exists is many, yield is low, onion powder is of poor quality or the shortcoming of production operation difference.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
Earlier onion is cleaned, homogenate, vacuum-drying, (the amount adding of g: be 1 ml): 3-7 has sherwood oil, water-bath lixiviate 1-3h under sealing, lucifuge, the 30-60 ℃ constant temperature by the solid-liquid ratio of onion slurry and sherwood oil; Move to then in the microwave oven, microwave power is pressed 400-550w/100g onion slurry, and time 30-90s condition is carried out microwave-assisted; Refluxing extraction under temperature 60-90 ℃, solid-liquid ratio 1: 3-7, time 1-3h condition afterwards, at last with extracting liquid filtering, filtrate concentrates through the gyroscope rotary evaporation and promptly obtains onion powder, the organic solvent of distillate for reclaiming.
Refluxing extraction top condition of the present invention is that temperature is 78 ℃, and (g: ml) be 1: 5.2, the time is 1.7h to solid-liquid ratio.
The onion powder that technology of the present invention is extracted is faint yellow, clarifying liquid, has the local flavor of fresh onion; Yield reaches 7-9.5% (onion powder weight/onion fresh weight).
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and positively effect:
1) has advantages such as noresidue, selectivity is strong, effective constituent is destroyed less, operation is simple, have good exploitation prospect;
2) adopted the sherwood oil continuous backflow to extract, the solubleness of onion powder in sherwood oil is bigger, and boiling point is very low, and the yield of onion powder is higher, and sherwood oil easily reclaims, and has avoided the waste of resource;
3) adopted suitable extracting condition, made that the onion powder yield is higher.The generation of onion powder sulfocompound is an enzyme digestion reaction, allinase is active to be influenced and the concentration of sulfur that extraction obtains is subjected to, under suitable temperature and time condition, the allinase activity reaches higher value, the concentration of the sulfocompound that extraction obtains also increases thereupon, and promptly the amount of onion powder also can increase;
4) adopt microwave-assisted to extract onion powder.In the microwave extraction process, microwave radiation causes the intracellular polar material of onion to absorb micro-wave energy, produce a large amount of heats, temperature rises rapidly in the cell, and cell interior pressure sharply increases, after the swelling capacity that surpasses cytolemma and cell walls, will cause breaking of cell, be positioned at intracellular fragrance material just from cell walls flow out, transmit, spe medium around being transferred to, and then under lower temperature, be extracted capture medium and dissolving wherein, promptly get extract behind the filtering separation residue.The characteristics of microwave method maximum are: with respect to traditional method, microwave extracting steady quality, output are big, the selectivity height, save time and solvent load is few, energy consumption is lower.
5) after microwave action finishes, carry out refluxing extraction.Refluxing extraction has improved the extraction yield of onion powder, is response value with the onion powder yield, by response surface analysis and mountain range ridge analysis extraction conditions is optimized.The result of mountain range ridge analysis shows that the optimum process condition of solvent extraction onion powder is: extracting temperature is 78 ℃, and solid-liquid ratio is that (g: ml), extraction time was 1.7h, and onion powder yield predictor is 9.35%, and validation value is 9.42% in 1: 5.2.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described further by following examples.
Embodiment 1:
Earlier onion is cleaned, homogenate 100g is got in homogenate, and vacuum-drying 1h is that (g: amount ml) adds sherwood oil, water-bath lixiviate 1h under sealing, lucifuge, the 40 ℃ of constant temperatures in 1: 3 by the solid-liquid ratio of onion slurry and sherwood oil; Move in the microwave oven microwave power 480w, effect 60s then; (g: ml), refluxing extraction under the time 2h condition, at last with extracting liquid filtering, filtrate concentrated through the gyroscope rotary evaporation and promptly obtains onion powder, the organic solvent of distillate for reclaiming 40 ℃ of temperature, solid-liquid ratio 1: 3 afterwards.
The onion powder that extraction obtains is faint yellow, clarifying oily matter, and pungency is little, has the local flavor of fresh onion, and yield is 9.23%.
Embodiment 2:
Earlier onion is cleaned, homogenate 100g is got in homogenate, and vacuum-drying 1h is that (g: amount ml) adds sherwood oil, water-bath lixiviate 2h under sealing, lucifuge, the 60 ℃ of constant temperatures in 1: 7 by the solid-liquid ratio of onion slurry and sherwood oil; Move to then in the microwave oven, microwave power 640w, action time 120s; (g: ml), refluxing extraction under the time 3h condition, at last with extracting liquid filtering, filtrate concentrated through the gyroscope rotary evaporation and promptly obtains onion powder, the organic solvent of distillate for reclaiming 90 ℃ of temperature, solid-liquid ratio 1: 7 afterwards.
The onion powder that extraction obtains is faint yellow, clarifying oily matter, and pungency is little, has the local flavor of fresh onion, and yield is 9.17%.
Embodiment 3:
Earlier onion is cleaned, homogenate 100g is got in homogenate, and vacuum-drying 1h is that (g: amount ml) adds sherwood oil, water-bath lixiviate 1h under sealing, lucifuge, the 35 ℃ of constant temperatures in 1: 7 by the solid-liquid ratio of onion slurry and sherwood oil; Move in the microwave oven microwave power 480w, effect 60s then; (g: ml), refluxing extraction under the time 2.5h condition, at last with extracting liquid filtering, filtrate concentrated through the gyroscope rotary evaporation and promptly obtains onion powder, the organic solvent of distillate for reclaiming 70 ℃ of temperature, solid-liquid ratio 1: 7 afterwards.
The onion powder that extraction obtains is faint yellow, clarifying oily matter, and pungency is little, has the local flavor of fresh onion, and yield is 8.27%.
Embodiment 4:
Earlier onion is cleaned, homogenate 100g is got in homogenate, and vacuum-drying 1h is that (g: amount ml) adds sherwood oil, water-bath lixiviate 1.5h under sealing, lucifuge, the 50 ℃ of constant temperatures in 1: 3 by the solid-liquid ratio of onion slurry and sherwood oil; Move in the microwave oven microwave power 640w, effect 150s then; (g: ml), refluxing extraction under the time 2.0h condition, at last with extracting liquid filtering, filtrate concentrated through the gyroscope rotary evaporation and promptly obtains onion powder, the organic solvent of distillate for reclaiming 80 ℃ of temperature, solid-liquid ratio 1: 3 afterwards.
The onion powder that extraction obtains is faint yellow, clarifying oily matter, and pungency is little, has the local flavor of fresh onion, and yield is 8.73%.
Embodiment 5:
Earlier onion is cleaned, homogenate 100g is got in homogenate, and vacuum-drying 1h is that (g: amount ml) adds sherwood oil, water-bath lixiviate 2h under sealing, lucifuge, the 45 ℃ of constant temperatures in 1: 5 by the solid-liquid ratio of onion slurry and sherwood oil; Move in the microwave oven microwave power 480w, effect 120s then; (g: ml), refluxing extraction under the time 1.5h condition, at last with extracting liquid filtering, filtrate concentrated through the gyroscope rotary evaporation and promptly obtains onion powder, the organic solvent of distillate for reclaiming 60 ℃ of temperature, solid-liquid ratio 1: 5 afterwards.
The onion powder that extraction obtains is faint yellow, clarifying oily matter, and pungency is little, has the local flavor of fresh onion, and yield is 7.58%.
Claims (2)
1. method of extracting onion powder is characterized in that earlier onion being cleaned, homogenate, and vacuum-drying, (the amount adding of g: be 1 ml): 3-7 has sherwood oil, water-bath lixiviate 1-3h under sealing, lucifuge, the 30-60 ℃ constant temperature by the solid-liquid ratio of onion slurry and sherwood oil; Move to then in the microwave oven, microwave power is pressed 400-550w/100g onion slurry, and time 30-90s condition is carried out microwave-assisted; Refluxing extraction under temperature 60-90 ℃, solid-liquid ratio 1: 3-7, time 1-3h condition afterwards, at last with extracting liquid filtering, filtrate concentrates through the gyroscope rotary evaporation and promptly obtains onion powder, the organic solvent of distillate for reclaiming.
2. method according to claim 1, the condition that it is characterized in that refluxing extraction are that temperature is 78 ℃, and (g: ml) be 1: 5.2, the time is 1.7h to solid-liquid ratio.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910186848A CN101792693A (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2009-12-30 | Method for extracting onion oil |
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| CN200910186848A CN101792693A (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2009-12-30 | Method for extracting onion oil |
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| CN101792693A true CN101792693A (en) | 2010-08-04 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103053981A (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-04-24 | 上海臻厨食品有限公司 | Composite sauce |
| CN103229857A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-07 | 西华大学 | Quenching and extracting process of onion oil and garlic oil |
| CN103238809A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-14 | 天宁香料（江苏）有限公司 | Red onion extractive and application thereof |
| CN104498189A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-08 | 东南大学 | Method for extracting onion oil based on nanometer materials |
| CN104830535A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-08-12 | 华南协同创新研究院 | Onion essential oil and its extraction method and application |
| CN105166825A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 广州大学 | Method for adopting ionic liquid serving as dissolution promotor to prepare shallot-flavored substance |
| CN106417672A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-22 | 南昌大学 | Preparation method of selenium-rich camellia oil |
-
2009
- 2009-12-30 CN CN200910186848A patent/CN101792693A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 周孟清: "洋葱提取物抗氧化作用的研究", 《江西饲料》 * |
| 肖静: "洋葱油提取、分析及微胶囊研制", 《东南大学硕士论文》 * |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103053981A (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-04-24 | 上海臻厨食品有限公司 | Composite sauce |
| CN103053981B (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2014-03-26 | 上海臻厨食品有限公司 | Composite sauce |
| CN103229857A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-07 | 西华大学 | Quenching and extracting process of onion oil and garlic oil |
| CN103238809A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-14 | 天宁香料（江苏）有限公司 | Red onion extractive and application thereof |
| CN104498189A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-08 | 东南大学 | Method for extracting onion oil based on nanometer materials |
| CN104830535A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-08-12 | 华南协同创新研究院 | Onion essential oil and its extraction method and application |
| CN105166825A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 广州大学 | Method for adopting ionic liquid serving as dissolution promotor to prepare shallot-flavored substance |
| CN106417672A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-22 | 南昌大学 | Preparation method of selenium-rich camellia oil |
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Application publication date: 20100804 |