CN101791747A - Friction stir plug soldering method - Google Patents
Friction stir plug soldering method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101791747A CN101791747A CN 201010136835 CN201010136835A CN101791747A CN 101791747 A CN101791747 A CN 101791747A CN 201010136835 CN201010136835 CN 201010136835 CN 201010136835 A CN201010136835 A CN 201010136835A CN 101791747 A CN101791747 A CN 101791747A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a friction stir plug soldering method, relating to a plug welding method, aiming to solve the problem of keyholes left after friction stir welding and friction stir spot welding. The method is as follows: 1) performing friction stir spot welding on a welded workpiece by using an integral soldering set, inserting the soldering set in the welded workpiece progressively during spot welding, continuing to rotate the soldering set for 1-3s after the soldering set stops inserting, lifting the integral soldering set, and forming a keyhole in the spot welding center; 2) placing solder in the keyhole; and 3) performing friction stir plug soldering on the keyhole by using the combined soldering set, inserting the soldering set in the keyhole progressively in plug soldering, continuing to rotate the soldering set for 3-5s after the soldering set stops to insert, melting the solder, extruding redundant liquid solder, retaining the cylinder part on a stirring pin in a clamping hole of the clamping body, plastifying the cone part of the stirring pin under the action of friction heat, and filling in the keyhole to realize the friction stir plug soldering on the keyhole. The invention is used for repair welding of the keyhole of the friction stir welding and friction stir spot welding seam.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plug welding method.
Background technology
Utilize friction stir welding method can obtain the high quality welding joint, but in the engineering practical operation, keyhole can appear in the weld seam afterbody.Mainly contain with the method that solves the stirring friction welding seam keyhole on the engineering: melting welding and friction plug weld.The mode that melting welding generally selects for use argon tungsten-arc welding to fill silk realizes, friction plug weld is the consumptive material friction welding, and the instrument of use is for rotating mobile stopper, and friction makes tool poor weld and stopper be in mecystasis, stopper suddenly stops and it is applied upset force, forms weld seam.Yet can not realize excellent mechanical property through " keyhole " that above-mentioned two kinds of methods were handled.If adopt traditional fusion welding method to carry out repair welding, its strength of joint can reduce significantly, and directly influences welded bearing capacity and efficient.
Conventional friction stir spot welding is under the effect of frictional heat and plastic deformation ability, forms the some joint that connects.Its process is that the stirring-head of an on-consumable rotates at a high speed, insert in the connection workpiece by applying upsetting force, friction between stirring-head and the workpiece, make metal softening and plastic flow take place moving, keep stirring-head pressure and make shaft shoulder contact workpiece surface, continue the rotation certain hour, finish connection back stirring-head and from workpiece, withdraw from, stay keyhole at the spotweld center.Problem at keyhole, the friction stir spot welding that no keyhole is invented in 1999 in the GKSS research center by Germany, adopt special stirring-head, this stirring-head is made up of sleeve and outermost chuck that inner most mixing needle, centre have shaft shoulder function, chuck is fixed when welding, do not rotate, the mixing needle of sleeve and innermost layer had both rotated the relative motion that also takes place vertically when welding, by the relative motion of accurate each parts of control stirring-head, in the stirring-head pumpback, fill the keyhole that stirring-head forms in welding process.This method is the stirring-head complexity not only, and will finish complicated relative motion, and is strict to the rigidity and the control accuracy of equipment, needs special welding equipment to weld, and the early investment cost is bigger.Patent (CN101053923A) has proposed a kind of two-sided stirring friction spot welding technology, makes the hole (keyhole) that is pressed into of face of weld reduce half, but still fails to solve the problem of leaving over keyhole.Patent (CN1788911A) has then adopted the filling block of fitting on the welding body abutment joint of welding end position, stirring-head moves along the external surface of filling block, mixing needle up to stirring-head breaks away from body, the method of removing the nubbin of filling block with mechanical means is effectively eliminated the keyhole in the weld seam again, but this method can't be eliminated the keyhole of friction stir spot welding face of weld.
As seen, no matter be friction stir welding, or friction stir spot welding, the problem of keyhole that postwelding is left over all is difficult to solve, also be because of requirement of engineering must solve.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of friction stir plug soldering method, to eliminate the problem that friction stir welding and friction stir spot postwelding leave keyhole.
Method of the present invention realizes by following steps: step 1, spot welding: utilize existing integral type soldering set that welded piece is carried out friction stir spot welding, the selection of integral type soldering set parameter: the length of the mixing needle on the integral type soldering set is 3mm～9mm, the shaft shoulder diameter of integral type soldering set is 10mm～28mm, the rotary speed of integral type soldering set is 400 rev/mins～1000 rev/mins, the shaft shoulder amount of being pressed into of integral type soldering set is 0.1mm～0.3mm, during spot welding, soldering set penetrates welded piece gradually, after soldering set stops to penetrate, continue rotation 1 second～3 seconds, mention the integral type soldering set, in spotweld, be formed centrally keyhole; Step 2, put into solder: solder is put into keyhole; Step 3, friction stir plug soldering: utilize the combined type soldering set to carry out friction stir plug soldering to being formed centrally keyhole in the spotweld, the selection of combined type soldering set parameter: the material of the mixing needle on the combined type soldering set is identical with the welded piece material, the shape of the conical section of mixing needle front end and the shape of keyhole are coincide, the diameter of the shaft shoulder on the combined type soldering set is 10mm～28mm, the rotary speed of combined type soldering set is 600 rev/mins～1200 rev/mins, the amount of being pressed into of the shaft shoulder on the combined type soldering set is 0.05mm～0.1mm, during friction stir plug soldering, soldering set penetrates in the keyhole gradually, after soldering set stops to penetrate, continue rotation 3 seconds～5 seconds, solder melts under the effect of frictional heat, unnecessary liquid solder is extruded, column part on the mixing needle is stayed in the clamping hole on the cramping body, the plastification under the effect of frictional heat of conical section on the mixing needle, and be filled in the keyhole, realize the friction stir plug soldering of keyhole.
The present invention has the following advantages: one, the present invention utilizes the reinforcement squeezing action of mixing needle, unnecessary liquid solder is extruded, around mixing needle and keyhole M, form thin and fine and close brazed seam, improved the compactness of welded piece joint, realized the friction stir plug soldering of friction stir welding and friction stir spot welding line keyhole, promptly realize the repair welding of keyhole, thereby eliminated the keyhole of friction stir welding and friction stir spot postwelding.Two, during friction stir plug soldering, soldering set adopts the combined type soldering set, because the shaft shoulder is an on-consumable spare, can be recycled, and mixing needle is an expendable part, and therefore, the combined type soldering set is convenient for changing.Three, the no keyhole friction stir plug soldering method of the present invention's proposition, simple to operate, adaptability is strong.Four, the present invention both can be used for the repair welding of the lap joint keyhole that two workpiece are stacked together, and also can be used for the repair welding of single workpiece keyhole.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structure master's cutaway view of combined type soldering set in the step 3, among the figure mark 1 for cramping body, 1-1 be on the cramping body clamping hole, 2 for the shaft shoulder, 3 for mixing needle, 3-1 be that column part, 3-2 on the mixing needle is that conical section, 4 on the mixing needle is annular heat dam; Fig. 2 is after step 1 is finished, and forms the shape appearance figure in spotweld centre, and M is a keyhole among the figure; Fig. 3 is after step 3 is finished, and forms the shape appearance figure in friction stir plug soldering weld seam centre.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: in conjunction with Fig. 1～3 explanation present embodiments, present embodiment realizes by following steps: step 1, spot welding: utilize existing integral type soldering set that welded piece is carried out friction stir spot welding, the selection of integral type soldering set parameter: the length of the mixing needle on the integral type soldering set is 3mm～9mm, the shaft shoulder diameter of integral type soldering set is 10mm～28mm, the rotary speed of integral type soldering set is 400 rev/mins～1000 rev/mins, the shaft shoulder amount of being pressed into of integral type soldering set is 0.1mm～0.3mm, during spot welding, soldering set penetrates welded piece gradually, after soldering set stops to penetrate, continue rotation 1 second～3 seconds, mention the integral type soldering set, in spotweld, be formed centrally keyhole M; As shown in Figure 2; Step 2, put into solder: solder is put into keyhole M; Step 3, friction stir plug soldering: utilize the combined type soldering set to carry out friction stir plug soldering to being formed centrally keyhole M in the spotweld, the selection of combined type soldering set parameter: the material of the mixing needle 3 on the combined type soldering set is identical with the welded piece material, the shape of the conical section 3-2 of mixing needle 3 front ends and the shape of keyhole M are coincide, because mixing needle 3 is an expendable part, the material of mixing needle 3 is identical with the material of welded piece, be convenient in the agitating friction plug welding process, be filled in the keyhole after the metal generation plastification around mixing needle 3 and the keyhole; The diameter of the shaft shoulder 2 on the combined type soldering set is 10mm～28mm, the rotary speed of combined type soldering set is 600 rev/mins～1200 rev/mins, the amount of being pressed into of the shaft shoulder 2 on the combined type soldering set is 0.05mm～0.1mm, during friction stir plug soldering, soldering set penetrates in the keyhole M gradually, after soldering set stops to penetrate, continue rotation 3 seconds～5 seconds, solder melts under the effect of frictional heat, and unnecessary liquid solder is extruded, and the column part 3-1 on the mixing needle 3 stays among the clamping hole 1-1 on the cramping body 1, conical section 3-2 plastification under the effect of frictional heat on the mixing needle 3, and be filled among the keyhole M, as shown in Figure 3, realize the friction stir plug soldering of keyhole M.When keyhole M fills, be extruded unnecessary liquid solder and be retained in keyhole M surface, make the keyhole shaping surface good, no gross imperfection.Through micro-analysis shows to friction stir plug soldering joint section, around mixing needle and keyhole, form thin and fine and close brazed seam, no hole and defective such as seam not, and exist material plasticity mobile at the interface at mixing needle 3 and keyhole M.Both comprised the agitating friction process between the mixing needle and the shaft shoulder and workpiece to be welded in the friction stir plug soldering process, and comprised solder wetting between mixing needle and keyhole inwall again and sprawl process, and be beneficial to and form zero defect, well behaved joint.
The specific embodiment two: in conjunction with Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, the material of integral type soldering set is the quenching heat treatment high-speed steel in the step 1 of present embodiment.Above-mentioned material can be reused.Other step is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: in conjunction with Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, present embodiment rapid two in solder be al-si filler metal (Al-Si), aluminium spelter solder (Al-Zn) or tin spelter solder (Sn-Zn).Because the fusing point of above-mentioned three kinds of solders is 200 ℃ ~ 600 ℃, fusing point is lower, and therefore, in the friction stir plug soldering process, under the effect of frictional heat, above-mentioned three kinds of solders can melt, and then wetting and sprawl, and reaches the effect of soldering.Other step is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment four: in conjunction with Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, the material of the shaft shoulder 2 in the step 3 of present embodiment on the combined type soldering set is the quenching heat treatment high-speed steel.Above-mentioned material can be reused.Other step is identical with the specific embodiment one, two or three.
The specific embodiment five: with the thick aluminium alloy of welded part 7.5mm is the performing step that example illustrates present embodiment: step 1, spot welding: utilize existing integral type soldering set that the thick aluminium alloy of 7.5mm is carried out friction stir spot welding, the selection of integral type soldering set parameter: the length of the mixing needle on the integral type soldering set is 7.4mm, the shaft shoulder diameter of integral type soldering set is 22mm, the rotary speed of integral type soldering set is 600 rev/mins, the shaft shoulder amount of being pressed into of integral type soldering set is 0.1mm, during spot welding, soldering set penetrates welded piece gradually, after soldering set stops to penetrate, continue rotation 2 seconds, mention the integral type soldering set, in spotweld, be formed centrally keyhole M; As shown in Figure 2; Step 2, put into solder: al-si filler metal is put into keyhole M; Step 3, friction stir plug soldering: utilize the combined type soldering set to carry out friction stir plug soldering to being formed centrally keyhole M in the spotweld, the selection of combined type soldering set parameter: the material of the mixing needle 3 on the combined type soldering set is 2219 aluminium alloys, the shape of the conical section 3-2 of mixing needle 3 front ends and the shape of keyhole M are coincide, the material of mixing needle 3 is identical with the material of welded piece, be convenient in the agitating friction plug welding process, be filled in the keyhole after the metal generation plastification around mixing needle 3 and the keyhole; The diameter of the shaft shoulder 2 on the combined type soldering set is 22mm, the rotary speed of combined type soldering set is 800 rev/mins, the amount of being pressed into of the shaft shoulder 2 on the combined type soldering set is 0.05mm, during friction stir plug soldering, soldering set penetrates in the keyhole M gradually, after soldering set stops to penetrate, continue rotation 5 seconds, al-si filler metal melts under the effect of frictional heat, and unnecessary liquid solder is extruded, and the column part 3-1 on the mixing needle 3 stays among the clamping hole 1-1 on the cramping body 1, conical section 3-2 plastification under the effect of frictional heat on the mixing needle 3, and be filled among the keyhole M, as shown in Figure 3, realize the friction stir plug soldering of keyhole M.When keyhole M fills, be extruded unnecessary liquid solder and be retained in keyhole M surface, make the keyhole shaping surface good, no gross imperfection.Through micro-analysis shows to friction stir plug soldering joint section, around mixing needle and keyhole, form thin and fine and close brazed seam, no hole and defective such as seam not, and exist material plasticity mobile at the interface at mixing needle 3 and keyhole M.
Claims (4)
1. friction stir plug soldering method, it is characterized in that: described method realizes by following steps: step 1, spot welding: utilize existing integral type soldering set that welded piece is carried out friction stir spot welding, the selection of integral type soldering set parameter: the length of the mixing needle on the integral type soldering set is 3mm～9mm, the shaft shoulder diameter of integral type soldering set is 10mm～28mm, the rotary speed of integral type soldering set is 400 rev/mins～1000 rev/mins, the shaft shoulder amount of being pressed into of integral type soldering set is 0.1mm～0.3mm, during spot welding, soldering set penetrates welded piece gradually, after soldering set stops to penetrate, continue rotation 1 second～3 seconds, mention the integral type soldering set, in spotweld, be formed centrally keyhole (M); Step 2, put into solder: solder is put into keyhole (M); Step 3, friction stir plug soldering: utilize the combined type soldering set to carry out friction stir plug soldering to being formed centrally keyhole (M) in the spotweld, the selection of combined type soldering set parameter: the material of the mixing needle on the combined type soldering set (3) is identical with the welded piece material, the shape of the conical section (3-2) of mixing needle (3) front end and the shape of keyhole (M) are coincide, the diameter of the shaft shoulder on the combined type soldering set (2) is 10mm～28mm, the rotary speed of combined type soldering set is 600 rev/mins～1200 rev/mins, the amount of being pressed into of the shaft shoulder on the combined type soldering set (2) is 0.05mm～0.1mm, during friction stir plug soldering, soldering set penetrates in the keyhole (M) gradually, after soldering set stops to penetrate, continue rotation 3 seconds～5 seconds, solder melts under the effect of frictional heat, unnecessary liquid solder is extruded, column part (3-1) on the mixing needle (3) is stayed in the clamping hole (1-1) on the cramping body (1), conical section (3-2) plastification under the effect of frictional heat on the mixing needle (3), and be filled in the keyhole (M), realize the friction stir plug soldering of keyhole (M).
2. according to the described a kind of friction stir plug soldering method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the material of integral type soldering set is the quenching heat treatment high-speed steel in the described step 1.
3. according to the described a kind of friction stir plug soldering method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the solder in described rapid two is al-si filler metal, aluminium spelter solder or tin spelter solder.
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of friction stir plug soldering methods, it is characterized in that: the material of the shaft shoulder in the described step 3 on the combined type soldering set (2) is the quenching heat treatment high-speed steel.
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| CN 201010136835 CN101791747B (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2010-03-31 | Friction stir plug soldering method |
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| CN 201010136835 CN101791747B (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2010-03-31 | Friction stir plug soldering method |
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| CN101791747A true CN101791747A (en) | 2010-08-04 |
| CN101791747B CN101791747B (en) | 2012-04-18 |
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Cited By (13)
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| CN101890572A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-11-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Friction stir welding method for reversely rotating stirring needle and shaft shoulder |
| CN102513688A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-06-27 | 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Keyhole repairing welding method for friction stir welding of thick plate aluminum alloy |
| CN102513638A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-06-27 | 西安交通大学 | Step-by-step friction stir brazing method for thick aluminium plate and rigid dissimilar material |
| CN103028838A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-04-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Welding tool and method for electromagnetic plastic friction stir welding |
| CN103071911A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-05-01 | 西安交通大学 | Method of brazing alloy extrusion and backflow stuffing for carrying out stirring and friction of welding keyhole |
| CN103418907A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-12-04 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | Friction plug welding device used for petroleum pipeline |
| CN105579182A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2016-05-11 | 古屋金属株式会社 | Seal for friction stir welding |
| CN105855693A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-08-17 | 哈尔滨万洲焊接技术有限公司 | Combined triggering type friction stir plug braze welding and repair welding method and welding tool thereof |
| CN106238935A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-12-21 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | Agitating friction weldering soldering complex welding method |
| CN107433388A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-12-05 | 北京世佳博科技发展有限公司 | A kind of agitating friction postwelding keyhole fix tool and restorative procedure |
| CN108385101A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-08-10 | 北京宇航系统工程研究所 | A kind of online cold spraying protection of stir friction welding seam and enhancing technology |
| CN111390318A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-07-10 | 江西省晶能半导体有限公司 | SMD device welding control system and welding control method |
| CN112091404A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-18 | 西北工业大学 | Deformation-free repair method for thin-wall part double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding keyhole |
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Cited By (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101890572A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-11-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Friction stir welding method for reversely rotating stirring needle and shaft shoulder |
| CN101890572B (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-07-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Friction stir welding method for reversely rotating stirring needle and shaft shoulder |
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| CN103028838A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-04-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Welding tool and method for electromagnetic plastic friction stir welding |
| CN103028838B (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-10-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Welding tool and method for electromagnetic plastic friction stir welding |
| CN103071911A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-05-01 | 西安交通大学 | Method of brazing alloy extrusion and backflow stuffing for carrying out stirring and friction of welding keyhole |
| CN103071911B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2016-01-20 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of solder extrudes-backflows the method for filling friction stir welding keyhole |
| CN103418907A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-12-04 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | Friction plug welding device used for petroleum pipeline |
| CN105579182A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2016-05-11 | 古屋金属株式会社 | Seal for friction stir welding |
| US10022817B2 (en) | 2013-08-21 | 2018-07-17 | Furuya Metal Co., Ltd. | Friction stir welding tool including a dovetail connection |
| CN105579182B (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2018-10-23 | 古屋金属株式会社 | Friction-stir welding tool |
| US11141811B2 (en) | 2013-08-21 | 2021-10-12 | Furuya Metal Co., Ltd. | Tool for friction stir welding |
| CN105855693A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-08-17 | 哈尔滨万洲焊接技术有限公司 | Combined triggering type friction stir plug braze welding and repair welding method and welding tool thereof |
| CN106238935A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-12-21 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | Agitating friction weldering soldering complex welding method |
| CN107433388A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-12-05 | 北京世佳博科技发展有限公司 | A kind of agitating friction postwelding keyhole fix tool and restorative procedure |
| CN107433388B (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2020-04-28 | 北京世佳博科技发展有限公司 | Repairing tool and repairing method for keyhole after friction stir welding |
| CN108385101A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-08-10 | 北京宇航系统工程研究所 | A kind of online cold spraying protection of stir friction welding seam and enhancing technology |
| CN111390318A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-07-10 | 江西省晶能半导体有限公司 | SMD device welding control system and welding control method |
| CN111390318B (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2022-11-22 | 江西省晶能半导体有限公司 | SMD device welding control system and welding control method |
| CN112091404A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-18 | 西北工业大学 | Deformation-free repair method for thin-wall part double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding keyhole |
| CN112091404B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-09-28 | 西北工业大学 | Deformation-free repair method for thin-wall part double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding keyhole |
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