CN101790674B - Motor system employing analog-encoded hall-effect sensor position information for reduced wiring - Google Patents

Motor system employing analog-encoded hall-effect sensor position information for reduced wiring Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101790674B
CN101790674B CN2008800219859A CN200880021985A CN101790674B CN 101790674 B CN101790674 B CN 101790674B CN 2008800219859 A CN2008800219859 A CN 2008800219859A CN 200880021985 A CN200880021985 A CN 200880021985A CN 101790674 B CN101790674 B CN 101790674B
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Prior art keywords
output
hall effect
sensor module
hall
motor
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN2008800219859A
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CN101790674A (en
Inventor
雷蒙德·Y·利乌
埃斯泰拉·C·钟
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Woodward HRT Inc
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Woodward HRT Inc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/249Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains using pulse code
    • G01D5/2492Pulse stream
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/145Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/21Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
    • H02K11/215Magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-effect or magneto-resistive elements

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Brushless Motors (AREA)

Abstract

A system has a sensor assembly mounted adjacent to a moving magnetic member such as a motor rotor to sense its position. The sensor assembly includes Hall-effect sensors each having a binary output, configured such that distinct positions of the moving magnetic member correspond to distinct digital patterns of the outputs of the Hall-effect sensors. Encoding circuitry is coupled to the outputs of the Hall-effect sensors to generate a multi-valued analog output, distinct values of the multi-valued analog output representing corresponding distinct digital patterns of the outputs of the Hall-effect sensors. The encoding circuitry may employ a ladder network with weighted-value resistors contributing different components of an analog current sensed by the controller. The sensed current can be converted to digital position information using suitable analog-to-digital conversion circuitry. The multi-valued analog output can be conveyed on a single wire in contrast to the prior art which requires one wire per Hall-effect sensor.

Description

The motor system that is used for the employing analog encoding encoded hall-effect sensor position information of minimizing distribution
Technical field
The present invention relates to adopt the motor position of Hall effect transducer to read the field.
Background technology
The position of rotation that adopts Hall effect transducer to detect the motor such as brushless DC motor is common.In a kind of common structure, three or four Hall effect transducers are installed on the stator of motor, and the stator of motor is in the magnetic field of the rotor magnet that rotates during the motor running.Hall effect transducer produces scale-of-two output, its provide rotary position information to control circuit with the speed of control motor/or position, comprise " exchange " that electric current is provided or sort to the different windings of motor.
In this structure, what know is that the independent distribution of employing sends the output signal from each Hall effect transducer.Therefore, in the application with three Hall effect transducers, for example, usually need at least five distributions to produce the Hall effect output signal and they are sent to controller: namely, two power leads (ear excites and refluxes suddenly) and being used for transmit three distributions of each output of Hall effect transducer.
Summary of the invention
For larger efficient, in some applications, there is the demand that the output with Hall effect transducer is offered the mode of control circuit.For example, most modern motors belong to very small dimensions and (such as, diameter less than 1/2 ") type, and therefore only have very little space to can be used for the space of the terminals of Hall effect transducer and a large amount of distributions near motor.In other was used, the distribution of laying between motor and controller may cover quite long distance, and had therefore taken too much space and/or weight, particularly in to the application of the requirement sensitivity such as the space or in the aerospace applications.The other problem that occurs in the method for routine comprises providing cost and the complicacy of the wire harness of connection between motor and controller, and the adverse effect of the noise that is caused by the relatively high output impedance of Hall effect transducer on output signal that may exist.
The invention discloses a kind of system, by adopting analog encoding Hall effect transducer positional information, this system has the distribution demand of reduction.In one embodiment, this system is motor system, but more generally the technology of described disclosure can be used in such system, and wherein the position of moving magnetic member is detected, and produces positional information and positional information is sent to controller.Sensor module is installed to be near moving magnetic member, to detect its position.Sensor module comprises a plurality of Hall effect transducers, each Hall effect transducer has scale-of-two output, described Hall effect transducer be constructed to so that the diverse location of moving magnetic member corresponding to the different digital pattern of the output group of Hall effect transducer.Therefore in a kind of structure, adopt three Hall effect transducers, and from such as selecting figure pattern in the tri-bit encoding such as 001,010.The corresponding position of each the expression magnetic member in these patterns.
The coding circuit that is coupled to the output of Hall effect transducer produces the many-valued simulation output of sensor module, of the correspondence in the different digital pattern of each the different value representation Hall effect transducer output group in the wherein said many-valued simulation output.In one embodiment, this coding circuit adopts the ladder network with weighted value resistor, and described weighted value resistor works to the different components of the analog current that detected by controller.Adopt suitable analog to digital conversion circuit, the electric current that detects can be converted into digital position information.Require distribution of each Hall effect transducer different from prior art, many-valued simulation output can be transmitted at the wall scroll distribution, and has therefore avoided cost and other shortcoming of extra distribution.
Description of drawings
Following description according to a particular embodiment of the invention and as shown in the drawing, aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages will be that significantly same reference numerals represents identical parts in relating to all different views in the accompanying drawings.Described accompanying drawing needs not to be makes in proportion, emphasis is placed upon setting forth on the principle of various embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the calcspar of system according to the embodiment of the present invention, and this system has motor, sensor module and controller;
Fig. 2 is the mechanical schematic of sensor module;
Fig. 3 is the electrical schematic of sensor module.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the system with motor sub-assembly 10, and motor sub-assembly 10 is connected to controller 14 by wire harness 12.Motor sub-assembly 10 comprises the motor 16 such as brushless DC motor, and the sensor module 18 that is fixed to an end of motor 16.One end of wire harness 12 stops at sensor module 18.
Controller 14 is controlled the running, particularly its position of rotation of motors 10 and/or is depended on the speed of application.In one application, motor 16 is for being used for controlling the part such as the electromagnetic actuators of the position of the mechanical component in the aircraft.Controller 14 is via the position of rotation that is positioned at the Hall effect transducer detection motor 16 on the sensor module 18 (as described below), and be controlled to the electric current of the winding of motor 16, to realize motor position and/or the speed of expectation for the actuator movements of expectation.In different embodiment, can adopt dissimilar motor control structure and technology, comprise the particular electrical circuit for the control winding current.This instructions is mainly paid close attention to the communication from the fixing sensor (as at sensor module 18) of motor to the motor position information of the controller of the separation such as controller 14.
Fig. 2 illustrates the exemplary Machine Design of sensor module 18.Three Hall effect transducer H1, H2 and H3 be arranged on dish type circuit board 20 around, described circuit board also comprises one group of three terminals that are used for three distributions of wire harness 12, each terminals are respectively by P, S and G sign.These illustrate hereinafter.Dotted line 22 expressions can be positioned at other circuit of (it does not need to be limited to the zone line of circuit board 20) on the circuit board 20, and such as discrete and/or integrated electronics, their example is described hereinafter.
Know widely in this area, its advantage is to utilize a plurality of Hall effects or other position transducers, and they are arranged different angular coordinate places, with realization motor position is carried out corresponding part indication, and utilize subsequently the output of all sensors to obtain more complete positional information.Wherein, described positional information can be used for electronic commutation in the DC brushless motor is worked, with the position of control by motor actuated mechanical component.In majority was used, as in some motor commutation is used, for example, it can utilize few to three Hall effect transducers shown in Fig. 2 fully.Following briefly as described in, when the group of three Hall effect transducers commutation should occur if can accurately being indicated, yet relatively coarse indication to motor position but is provided in other respects.In other was used, what for example can expect was to utilize a plurality of sensors, to obtain the positional information of fine granular.
Adopt existing method, need to utilize the distribution of separation for each Hall effect transducer, transfer to controller with the scale-of-two output with it, and controller explains the scale-of-two output group of all Hall effect devices, to obtain whole motor position information.Therefore, in the system that adopts three Hall effect transducers, for example, and five distributions of minimum needs between sensor group and controller, two are used for power supply in them, and their three each output states that are used for the expression Hall effect transducer.Every distribution takes up room, and is included in the motor place and stops the desired space of distribution (such as the terminals socket), and increase the weight of whole motor-controller system.Along with motor constantly diminishes and lightens, the space weight that is taken by these distributions is larger on ratio.In some application (using such as aviation or space), wish to reduce being used for individually with described space and the weight of motor position communication to controller.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the related elements of sensor module 18 and controller 14.
Three connections being connected (Fig. 1-2) with terminals J1 and being provided by wire harness 12 are depicted as: P is used for power supply (PWR), and S is for detection of (SENSE), and G is used for ground connection (GND).
Controller 14 comprises power supply V1 and detects resistor R7, amplifier U1 and commutation control circuit (COMM CTRL) 24.Sensor module 18 comprises shown Hall effect transducer H1-H3, transistor Q1-Q3 and resistor R1-R6.The one-piece construction of the circuit of sensor module 18 is " ladder " structure, each of this ladder " step " or " leg " comprise corresponding Hall effect transducer and its transistor that is associated and resistor (as, the group H1 in the leg 1, Q1, R1 and R2).What also illustrate is the excitation (HALL EXC) of Hall effect transducer, although for the sake of simplicity, it is depicted as discrete component, will be appreciated that, it is in fact corresponding to three different elements, and each is used for each Hall effect transducer.
Select the value of resistor R2, R4 and R6 according to weighting scheme, described weighting scheme becomes corresponding many-valued simulating signal (it is electric current in shown embodiment) to work to the pattern-coding with the binary condition of Hall effect transducer H1-H3.For example, when conduction is (4: 2: 1), described value (R2: R4: R6) can have than (1: 2: 4), so that the binary weighting mode is worked, to such an extent as to (Q1: Q2: current ratio Q4) works by transistor.These independent current component sums (it forms many-valued simulating signal) are by detecting resistor R7.In conventional a use of three Hall effect transducers, scale-of-two is six different positional values of ear output group mapping suddenly.Ensuing chart is showed these values and is conducted the value of the correspondence of the detection electric current (arbitrary unit) that passes through detection resistor R7:
Position (electric degree electrical degree) H3 H2 H1 Detect electric current
0 0 0 1 1
60 1 0 1 5
120 1 0 0 4
180 1 1 0 6
240 0 1 0 2
300 0 1 1 3
From noticing, adjacent suddenly ear state (as, 001 → 101) between conversion occur at accurate some place, and therefore can be used for commutation is worked.In addition, each suddenly ear state itself provide relatively rough positional information (as, in a 60-degree is fan-shaped).
Detect resistor R7 and will detect the voltage that electric current is converted into correspondence, it is amplified by amplifier U1, and provides subsequently to commutation control circuit 24.Usually, commutation control circuit 24 will comprise the analog to digital conversion circuit of some form, and converting the binary digit value to by the analog position information of expressing from the analog voltage signal of U1, these digital values are used for commutation is worked subsequently.
Although foregoing description has adopted three Hall effect transducers and corresponding circuit and positional value, will be understood that, technology disclosed here can be used to (carrying out suitable modification) and implement with a large amount of Hall effect transducers, and this may expect in replaceable embodiment.In addition, need to be with the amount of motor position communication to the needed space of controller or weight because the technology of the disclosed less distribution of employing can reduce, disclosed technology can be useful especially this space/weight being required application responsive and/or that require more Hall effect transducer to be used for more accurate positional information.About space/weight requirements, disclosed technology can be useful especially when motor for example has less than 1.5 inches diameter.
Although illustrated especially and described various embodiment of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that under the prerequisite that does not deviate from the spirit and scope that the claim by enclosing of the present invention limits and to carry out various modifications aspect form and the details to this.

Claims (9)

1. motor sub-assembly comprises:
Moving magnetic member; With
Sensor module, described sensor module is installed to be near moving magnetic member, and to detect its position, described sensor module comprises:
A plurality of Hall effect transducers, each Hall effect transducer have scale-of-two output, described Hall effect transducer be constructed to so that the diverse location of moving magnetic member corresponding to the different digital pattern of the output group of Hall effect transducer; With
Coding circuit, described coding circuit is coupled to the output of Hall effect transducer, coding circuit is operable as the many-valued simulation output that produces sensor module, of the correspondence in the different digital pattern of each the different value representation Hall effect transducer output group in the described many-valued simulation output.
2. motor sub-assembly according to claim 1, wherein, the many-valued simulation output of sensor module comprises electric current output, and wherein coding circuit comprises ladder network, described ladder network has the step part, each step partly is coupled to one corresponding in the Hall effect transducer, and step partly comprises weighting resistor separately, and described weighting resistor is operable as each component of the electric current output of determining sensor module.
3. motor sub-assembly according to claim 1, wherein, coding circuit comprises a plurality of transistor amplifiers, described transistor amplifier has one correspondence input of the correspondence that is coupled in the Hall effect transducer, and has the correspondence output that is coupled in together with the many-valued simulation output that produces sensor module.
4. motor sub-assembly according to claim 1, wherein, moving magnetic member comprises the rotor of electro-motor, and wherein the Hall effect transducer of sensor module be constructed to so that the different digital pattern of the output group of Hall effect transducer corresponding to the different position of rotation of moving magnetic member.
5. motor sub-assembly according to claim 4, wherein, electro-motor has the diameter less than 1.5 inches.
6. motor sub-assembly according to claim 1, also be included in the wire harness that connection is provided between sensor module and the controller, described wire harness comprises the first distribution and second distribution of transmission sources electric current, and the 3rd distribution of the many-valued simulation output of transmission sensor assembly.
7. motor sub-assembly according to claim 1, wherein, sensor module comprises circuit board, Hall effect transducer and coding circuit are installed on the circuit board.
8. motor system that adopts the analog encoding encoded hall-effect sensor position information comprises:
The motor sub-assembly of claim 1; With
Controller, described controller are coupled to the simulation output of receiving sensor assembly, and utilize the positional information that is provided by the different value of simulating output to control the running of moving magnetic member.
9. the motor system of employing analog encoding encoded hall-effect sensor position information according to claim 8, wherein:
The many-valued simulation output of sensor module comprises electric current output;
Described coding circuit comprises ladder network, described ladder network has the step part, each step partly is coupled to one corresponding in the Hall effect transducer, step partly comprises weighting resistor separately, and described weighting resistor is operable as each component of the electric current output of determining sensor module; And
Controller comprises:
Detect resistor, described detection resistor is coupled to the resistor ladder network, to form the aanalogvoltage corresponding to the output of sensor module electric current; With
Change-over circuit, described change-over circuit are operable as and digital value corresponding to aanalogvoltage convert to, and described digital value is used for controlling the running of moving magnetic member by the digital control circuit of controller.
CN2008800219859A 2007-06-26 2008-03-31 Motor system employing analog-encoded hall-effect sensor position information for reduced wiring Expired - Fee Related CN101790674B (en)

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US11/768,475 2007-06-26
US11/768,475 US7973503B2 (en) 2007-06-26 2007-06-26 Motor system employing analog encoded hall effect sensor position information for reduced wiring
PCT/US2008/058895 WO2009002578A1 (en) 2007-06-26 2008-03-31 Motor system employing analog-encoded hall-effect sensor position information for reduced wiring

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CN101790674B true CN101790674B (en) 2013-03-06

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EP (1) EP2162704A1 (en)
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US11091149B2 (en) * 2017-11-09 2021-08-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vehicle electronic stability control system including improved wheel speed detection
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Publication number Publication date
CN101790674A (en) 2010-07-28
US7973503B2 (en) 2011-07-05
BRPI0813233A2 (en) 2014-12-23
EP2162704A1 (en) 2010-03-17
US20090001966A1 (en) 2009-01-01
WO2009002578A1 (en) 2008-12-31
JP5349472B2 (en) 2013-11-20
JP2010531998A (en) 2010-09-30

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