CN101787722B - Control method for comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant - Google Patents
Control method for comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method for comprehensive water conservation of an urban water supply plant and relates to the technical field of water conservation, the control method can solve the problems that the existing water conservation system of the urban water supply plant is lack of systematicality and association, and the water conservation key technology is lack of the systematic comprehensive study, and the specific steps are as follows: step 1: determining the water consumption rate of process units, evaluating the purification process and the water consumption status quo of a recovery treatment system and determining whether the urban water supply plant has the water conversation potential-digging capacity or not; and step 2: determining the key links and the key points of the recovery treatment plant for optimizing water conservation under the condition that the urban water supply plant has the water conservation potential; and re-determining the water consumption rate of the urban water supply plant and realizing the comprehensive water conservation. The control method is widely applied in the filed of comprehensive water conservation of the urban water supply plant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of setting up urban water supply factory water-saving system, belong to water factory's water-saving technology field.
Background technology
China is the country that a water resource lacks, and along with the raising of economic development and living standards of the people, water consumption constantly increases, and imbalance between supply and demand enlarges day by day, and the using water wisely problem is the theme work of the every research of present water treatment.Urban water supply factory self water consumption generally accounts for 5%～8% of total supply, but the actual self water consumption consumption of China most of urban water supply factory is bigger, wastes more seriously, has bigger water saving potential.
At present, the water saving research work of urban water supply factory is primarily aimed at the safe reuse of water factory's factory effluent and handles, and the control water conservation mode and the technology of single technique unit.But these achievements in research lack systematicness and relevance, and the reason system water saving gordian technique research of urban water supply factory and office is not enough.Therefore, by the comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant evaluation, on integrated water-supply plant water-saving technology basis, utilization system optimization means, the factors such as source quality, treatment scale, technological process and water quality safety of water factory are combined with economic factors, analysis-by-synthesis urban water supply factory produces from water minimizing potentiality, system, studies the gordian technique of water-saving technology, equipment and operation control method all sidedly, and is most important to implementing the water saving of urban water supply factory.
Summary of the invention
The problem of the gordian technique shortage systems theory research of shortage systematicness that the present invention exists for the water-saving system that solves existing urban water supply factory and relevance, water saving, a kind of control method of comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant is provided, and this method is realized by following steps:
Step 1: determine the water consumption rate of technique unit, water-purifying process and recovery and processing system water consumption present situation are estimated, determine whether urban water supply factory possesses the ability that water saving is taped the latent power;
Step 2: possess in urban water supply factory under the condition of water saving potential, determine recovery and processing system optimization water saving key link and key point, to the control technology of described key link and key point enforcement raising water saving ability; Redefine the water consumption rate of urban water supply factory, realize comprehensive water-saving;
The spoil disposal water yield in the described self water consumption is meant: in the operational process of precipitation unit and coagulation unit, at the bottom of the pond, can produce deposition, for effluent quality or the hydraulics that does not influence technique unit, need regularly the mud at the bottom of the pond to be discharged outside the pond, the pool bottom sludge water percentage is higher, generally, when discharging mud, be accompanied by the outflow of a large amount of spoil disposal water more than 90%;
The described spoil disposal water yield according to day the spoil disposal water yield calculate, the described day spoil disposal water yield is by formula two expressions:
Formula two:
Definite value when the sludge discharging period in the formula is got its actual motion;
A spoil disposal water yield in the formula is obtained by formula three:
Formula three:
In the formula: D represents the dredging tube internal diameter, and unit is mm; V represents flow rate of water flow in the dredging tube, and unit is m/s; Z represents the dredging tube radical; T represents suction dredger time of operation, and unit is s;
The back flush water yield in the described self water consumption is meant: filter element to the purification function of water quality be rely on the holding back of filtrate, stick, suction-operated, continuous operation along with technology, filtrate exists and contains the saturated problem of dirty ability, need carry out back flush to filtrate, thereby remove the dirt that it is held back, make it recover filtration capacity, in the process of back flush, need to consume a large amount of backwashing waters;
The described back flush water yield obtains according to the day recoil water yield, and amount of flush water was expressed as by formula four in described day:
Formula four:
Definite value when wherein, backwashing period is got its actual motion;
The calculating formula of setting up a back flush water yield according to the operational factor of back flush is by formula five expressions:
Five: the back flush water yield=q * t * s of formula,
In the formula: q represents back washing strength, and unit is m
3/ (sm
2); T is a backwashing time, and unit is s; S is the back flush area, and unit is m
2
The supernatant water yield in the described self water consumption refers to respectively: in optimizing the water saving key link, the recycling water in the recycling processing unit of personal water consumption unit all be can be considered supernatant; Water quality situation in the described recycling processing unit is divided into preferably from water waste water and relatively poor from water waste water, described preferably from water waste water, behind regulating reservoir, can take the mode of direct reuse to use supernatant; For the water quality situation relatively poor from water waste water, need by regulate, precipitation, concentrate after, mud-water separation is returned and is produced water quality situation supernatant preferably, is promoted to distribution well again and mixes recycling with former water;
The described supernatant water yield is represented by formula six:
Formula six: the supernatant water yield=∑ Q
i* R
In the formula: Q
iRepresent each technique unit self water consumption, unit is m
3R represents the reuse ratio, and unit is %.
Described recycling processing unit adopts in handling the water saving process handles the back recycling, for the urban water supply factory that has been constructed and put into operation, be subjected to economic condition or site condition is limit, increase the Treatment for Reuse structures and have bigger difficulty, then can consider direct reuse, research is influential from water waste water direct reuse to the coagulating sedimentation unit, should determine to recycle ratio from water waste water optimization water saving under the prerequisite that ensures water quality safety;
The condition that the described urban water supply of step 1 factory possesses the water saving ability of taping the latent power is meant: the personal water consumption of urban water supply factory is big, and through reducing the unit of personal water consumption after transforming significantly, the unit of described personal water consumption is meant: precipitation unit, filter element or recycle processing unit;
The described water saving key point of step 2 is meant the concrete operation point in the urban water supply factory operational process, and described operation point is specially: the settling property of the spoil disposal form of settling basin, the method for operating of spoil disposal, spoil disposal water, backwash mode, backwashing time and the backwashing period in filter tank;
The described control technology to key link and key point enforcement raising water saving ability of step 2 is meant to be controlled the consumption ways from water, and described consumption ways from water is meant spoil disposal water or two kinds of optimization of backwashing water water saving mode.
Method of the present invention adopts computing machine to realize, thereby has realized the automatic control process of the water-saving system of urban water supply factory.
The present invention is according to the water consumption rate of empirical water saving under the water consumption rate of urban water supply factory actual production and the same disposal system, and both are compared, and finishes the judgement of water saving potential, determining that urban water supply factory possesses water saving and taps the latent power under the prerequisite of ability; Determine urban water supply factory water saving key technique and key point; Control technology at key technique and key point raising water saving ability; Thereby realize that urban water supply factory produces the target that quantizes from the water comprehensive reducing.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is a target with the comprehensive benefit, sets up the disposal route of the comprehensive water-saving of urban water supply factory, and the present invention proposes to estimate water saving present situation technology and system optimization water-saving technology, realizes water saving, joint medicine, energy-conservation overall equilbrium.Under the situation of guaranteeing water quality, the water yield and economic factors, the operating scheme of water-saving urban water supply factory is provided, have the certain guidance meaning for actual production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that the control spoil disposal lasts in the personal water consumption mode of the present invention, horizontal ordinate express time wherein, and parameter is a second s, and ordinate is represented total solid, and unit is every liter of g/L of gram; Fig. 2 is that the present invention proposes to determine the sludge discharging period synoptic diagram in the personal water consumption mode, Fig. 3 determines soil discharging facility method of operation synoptic diagram in the personal water consumption mode of the present invention, Fig. 4 determines the backwashing time synoptic diagram in the personal water consumption mode, and Fig. 5 determines the backwashing period synoptic diagram in the personal water consumption mode.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: a kind of control method of comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant, present embodiment is realized by following steps:
Step 1: determine the water consumption rate of technique unit, water-purifying process and recovery and processing system water consumption present situation are estimated, determine whether urban water supply factory possesses the ability that water saving is taped the latent power;
Step 2: possess in urban water supply factory under the condition of water saving potential, determine recovery and processing system optimization water saving key link and key point, to the control technology of described key link and key point enforcement raising water saving ability; Redefine the water consumption rate of urban water supply factory, realize comprehensive water-saving.
Embodiment two: present embodiment is to the further specifying of the control method of embodiment one described a kind of comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant, and the computing method of the water consumption rate described in the step 1 are by formula one expression:
Formula one:
Clean water production rate described in the formula is according to the clean water production rate in reason system of the urban water supply factory and office actual motion; Self water consumption is meant: the spoil disposal water yield and the back flush water yield and deduct the self water consumption that the supernatant water yield is obtained.
The spoil disposal water yield in the described self water consumption of present embodiment is meant: in the operational process of precipitation unit and coagulation unit, at the bottom of the pond, can produce deposition, for effluent quality or the hydraulics that does not influence technique unit, need regularly the mud at the bottom of the pond to be discharged outside the pond, the pool bottom sludge water percentage is higher, generally, when discharging mud, be accompanied by the outflow of a large amount of spoil disposal water more than 90%;
The described spoil disposal water yield according to day the spoil disposal water yield calculate, the described day spoil disposal water yield is by formula two expressions:
Formula two:
Definite value when the sludge discharging period in the formula is got its actual motion;
A spoil disposal water yield in the formula is obtained by formula three:
Formula three:
In the formula: D represents the dredging tube internal diameter, and unit is mm; V represents flow rate of water flow in the dredging tube, and unit is m/s; Z represents the dredging tube radical; T represents suction dredger time of operation, and unit is s.
The back flush water yield in the described self water consumption of present embodiment is meant: filter element to the purification function of water quality be rely on the holding back of filtrate, stick, effect such as absorption, continuous operation along with technology, filtrate exists and contains the saturated problem of dirty ability, need carry out back flush to filtrate, thereby remove the dirt that it is held back, make it recover filtration capacity, in the process of back flush, need to consume a large amount of backwashing waters;
The described back flush water yield obtains according to the day recoil water yield, and amount of flush water was expressed as by formula four in described day:
Formula four:
Definite value when wherein, backwashing period is got its actual motion;
The calculating formula of setting up a back flush water yield according to the operational factor of back flush is by formula five expressions:
Five: the back flush water yield=q * t * s of formula,
In the formula: q represents back washing strength, and unit is m
3/ (sm
2); T is a backwashing time, and unit is s; S is the back flush area, and unit is m
2
The supernatant water yield in the described self water consumption of present embodiment refers to respectively: in optimizing the water saving key link, the recycling water in the recycling processing unit of personal water consumption unit all be can be considered supernatant.Water quality situation in the described recycling processing unit is divided into preferably from water waste water and relatively poor from water waste water, described preferably from water waste water, behind regulating reservoir, can take the mode of direct reuse to use supernatant; For the water quality situation relatively poor from water waste water, need by regulate, precipitation, concentrate after, mud-water separation is returned and is produced water quality situation supernatant preferably, is promoted to distribution well again and mixes recycling with former water.
The described supernatant water yield is represented by formula six:
Formula six: the supernatant water yield=∑ Q
i* R
In the formula: Q
iRepresent each technique unit self water consumption, unit is m
3R represents the reuse ratio, and unit is %.
Described recycling processing unit adopts in handling the water saving process handles the back recycling, for the urban water supply factory that has been constructed and put into operation, be subjected to economic condition or site condition is limit, increase the Treatment for Reuse structures and have bigger difficulty, then can consider direct reuse, research is influential from water waste water direct reuse to the coagulating sedimentation unit, should determine to recycle ratio from water waste water optimization water saving under the prerequisite that ensures water quality safety.
Embodiment three: present embodiment is further specifying the control method of embodiment one described a kind of comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant, step 1 is described estimates concrete finger to water-purifying process and recovery and processing system water consumption present situation: the interior water consumption rate of the water consumption rate of urban water supply factory actual motion and the experience water saving scope of determining compares, determine urban water supply factory from the water present situation, personal water consumption situation, the water saving potential of urban water supply factory and office reasons system are estimated.
The evaluation criterion of the described definite experience water saving of present embodiment water consumption rate is: 3% of the water consumption rate of reason system of urban water supply factory and office is defined as experience water saving scope, and the self water consumption of this moment consumes less, is defined as the category-A system; Reason system of urban water supply factory and office water consumption rate is 3～5% o'clock, and then it has certain transformation on economy of water cousumption space, is defined as the category-B system; Water consumption rate surpasses 5～8% reason system of urban water supply factory and office, is defined as the C type systematic, and then its water resource waste is comparatively serious, must carry out transformation on economy of water cousumption to it.Practical production experience according to years of researches and urban water supply of the same trade factory shows, under the prerequisite that supplies water that ensures safety, the water consumption rate of reason system of urban water supply factory and office can be controlled at about 3～5%.Therefore, from the angle of actual production to determine the evaluation criterion of water saving.
Embodiment four: present embodiment is further specifying the control method of embodiment one described a kind of comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant, the condition that the described urban water supply of step 1 factory possesses water saving potential is meant: can reduce the unit of personal water consumption after the personal water consumption of urban water supply factory is big, also process is transformed significantly, the unit of described personal water consumption is meant: precipitation unit, filter element or recycling processing unit.
Embodiment five: present embodiment is further specifying the control method of embodiment one described a kind of comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant, the described water saving key point of step 2 is meant the concrete operation point in the joint water-supply plant operational process of city, and described operation point is specially: the settling property of the spoil disposal form of settling basin, the method for operating of spoil disposal, spoil disposal water, backwash mode, backwashing time and the backwashing period in filter tank.
Embodiment six: present embodiment is further specifying the control method of embodiment one described a kind of comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant, the described control technology to key link and key point enforcement raising water saving ability of step 2 is meant to be controlled the consumption ways from water, and described consumption ways from water is meant spoil disposal water or two kinds of optimization of backwashing water water saving mode.
Respectively the described dual mode of present embodiment is analyzed and studied, the optimization water saving control technology when determining the process equipment operation.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, present embodiment is to the further specifying of the control method of embodiment six described a kind of comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant, and present embodiment is that the optimization water saving mode to the spoil disposal water in the personal water consumption mode is optimized:
Its optimizing process is: by the variation tendency of spoil disposal water total solids content in the research spoil disposal water process, determine that best spoil disposal lasts, referring to Fig. 1; The variation tendency of the spoil disposal process of spoil disposal link is essentially identical: begin from spoil disposal, spoil disposal water total solid concentration increases sharply, and occurs maximal value in the short time, i.e. peak value; Trend steadily changed no longer obvious after described spoil disposal water total solid concentration was reduced to time point T1 rapidly.So time point T1 can be considered as adopting spoil disposal water optimization water saving mode to optimize the end point that the water saving spoil disposal lasts.In actual conditions, because the height of influent turbidity influences the spoil disposal water length of high turbidity phase.Therefore, measure the spoil disposal water total solid concentration of different quality phase, set up the relation curve that influent turbidity and spoil disposal last, need the time point T1 under definite different influent turbidity conditions;
Present embodiment determines to optimize the spoil disposal cycle of operation of water saving, referring to Fig. 2 according to the influence of sludge discharging period variation to the settling basin delivery turbidity; Setting two groups of technique units runs parallel, the sludge discharging period of maintenance system 1 is former fixed value, the sludge discharging period of prolongation system 2, sludge discharging period of every prolongation, two cycles of the equal stable operation of system, measure the precipitated outlet water turbidity of two group systems, the contrast sludge discharging period is to the influence of technique unit delivery turbidity.The difference of the precipitated outlet water turbidity of system 2 and the precipitated outlet water turbidity of system 1 requires less than 0.5NTU.By the contrast of system 1 with system 2, determine the sludge discharging period that water saving is optimized: at time point T2, the delivery turbidity of system 2 is apparently higher than the delivery turbidity of system 1, the sludge discharging period that illustrative system 2 is provided with produces obviously influence to precipitated outlet water, therefore can not adopt time point T2, can only adopt time point less than T2 as sludge discharging period.At time point T3, though the water outlet of the water outlet of system 1 and system 2 does not have significant difference, if this moment, the not smooth situation of spoil disposal took place, sludge discharging period is got time point T3.
Present embodiment is by research technique unit pool bottom sludge deposition situation, the control mode of soil discharging facility optimization water saving operation is proposed, referring to Fig. 3: change critical point X according to the pond prodelta clay mud situation of determining, propose the optimization water saving method of operation of various soil discharging facilities, the mode of described optimization water saving operation can be minute fast method of operation or partition running mode:
Divide speed to move---0～X section sludge concentration is higher, and the travelling speed of suction dredger, mud scraper slows down relatively, and the opening time of perforated pipe mud valve prolongs relatively; X～1 section sludge concentration is lower, the raising that the travelling speed of suction dredger, mud scraper can be in good time some, the opening time of perforated pipe mud valve shortens relatively.
Partition running---the deposition of 0～X section is more, and X～1 section deposition is less, can set suction dredger, mud scraper after 0～X section is come and gone two or three strokes, again along 0～1 omnidistance operation spoil disposal once; Can set perforated pipe and adjust mud valve unlatching number of times, after 0～X section mud valve was opened two or three times, 0～1 omnidistance mud valve was opened once again.
Embodiment eight: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, present embodiment is that present embodiment is optimized the optimization water saving mode of the backwashing water in the consumption ways of water to the further specifying of the control method of embodiment six described a kind of comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant;
The optimization water saving process of described backwashing water describes from control backwashing time and control backwashing period two aspects respectively:
Describe from the angle of control backwashing time: by the time dependent characteristic of research back flush discharge water turbidity, determine the water saving running technology in filter tank, referring to Fig. 4: with reference to " urban water supply factory operation, safeguard and technical specification of security " (CJJ58-94) and guarantee the effect of back flush, judge that the clean standard of back flush is lower than 10NTU for the back flush discharge water turbidity.According to back flush discharge water turbidity curve,, determine the time point T4 that back flush later stage backwashing water utilization factor is lower when the back flush discharge water turbidity is lower than 10NTU, it is defined as economic backwashing time, thereby can shorten backwashing time, save the back flush water yield, reduce water consumption rate.
Describe from the angle of control backwashing period: at first the filter tank delivery turbidity is monitored,, realize reducing the filter back washing number of times, save the back flush water yield, referring to Fig. 5 by prolonging the filter tank cycle of operation; By the delivery turbidity determination test, backwashing period can be prolonged, be subjected to obvious influence until the filter element water outlet, or near the water quality standard that goes out of national regulation, in conjunction with among Fig. 5 shown in the time point T5, the scope of described filter back delivery turbidity is determined the backwashing period that water saving is optimized at 0.8NTU--1.0NTU with the backwashing period of this moment.
Present embodiment has proposed some innovative approachs to original backwashing water optimizing process on the basis of former backwashing water optimization water saving mode: in the employing, the low-intensity water backwashing adds the surface washing device to strengthen back flush; Utilize pulse water tower or pulse pump etc. that the pulsed back flush is carried out in the filter tank.These measures all can reach the backwash water amount of saving, and reduce water consumption rate, improve the effect of developing result and enhancing retaining power.
Embodiment nine: present embodiment is that the difference to the control method of described a kind of comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant of embodiment one is that present embodiment also comprises step 3: the benefit of bringing after the comprehensive water-saving transformation is evaluated; Described benefit evaluation is to the evaluation of environmental benefit and the evaluation of economic benefit, to compare before evaluation result of benefit and the transformation on economy of water cousumption, during water consumption rate before the water consumption rate after the transformation on economy of water cousumption is greater than or equal to transformation on economy of water cousumption, then return execution in step one and step 2, readjust water consumption rate, the water consumption rate after transformation on economy of water cousumption is lower than till the water consumption rate before the transformation on economy of water cousumption.
The benefit of bringing after the described transformation on economy of water cousumption of present embodiment mainly is the variation around water consumption rate, and the variation of other index of causing of water consumption rate, carry out the front and back evaluation, after implementing to transform, the operational factor of reason system of urban water supply factory and office has certain variation, the variation of technique unit operational factor directly has influence on water consumption rate, realizes the target of water saving operation, brings the certain social benefit; The variation of water consumption rate causes the variation of water resource, dosage, electric energy, in conjunction with urban water supply factory operation consumption situation and local economy situation, the economic benefit that evaluation produces.
Embodiment ten: present embodiment is further specifying the control method of embodiment nine described a kind of comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant, the evaluation of described environmental benefit is meant: at first determine the operational factor after the transformation on economy of water cousumption, calculate the water consumption rate and the self water consumption of each technique unit and disposal system after the transformation on economy of water cousumption then according to the computing method of water consumption rate; With the contrast before the transformation on economy of water cousumption, thus the evaluation of realization environmental benefit.
Embodiment 11: present embodiment is further specifying the control method of embodiment nine described a kind of comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant, the evaluation of described economic benefit is meant: by to being calculated by the variation of the caused urban water supply of the variation of water consumption rate, self water consumption factory water producing cost, operating cost after the transformation on economy of water cousumption, thereby realize the evaluation of economic benefit; According to actual cities water-supply plant production level in recent years, according to consumption ways, determine water consumption, power consumption, the medicine consumption of unit self water consumption respectively, and the expense of local unit water consumption, power consumption, medicine consumption, multiply each other with the self water consumption of saving again, enumerate calculating, thereby finally draw the producing cost of saving.
There are various external conditions in the present invention in personal water consumption process, principal element is:
One, water quality: in the natural surface water, water-quality constituents complexity, water-quality guideline such as raw water turbidity, pH value, basicity and colourity are in time, the variation in space is frequent often.In actual motion, the variation of raw water turbidity is frequent often, and the variation of water quality factors such as pH value, basicity and colourity is often less, even is in steady state (SS) throughout the year.So, investigate the influence that water quality factors mainly just is meant raw water turbidity and is caused the influence of personal water consumption.In addition, adding of medicaments such as coagulant, coagulant aid changed raw water quality structure and physicochemical characteristics, makes water quality constantly change in processing procedure, up to finally meeting the requirements.The different times of same urban water supply factory or the different cities water-supply plant of different regions, up to standard for ensureing effluent quality, all need operating condition, thereby make the personal water consumption situation of each technique unit different according to the property settings disposal system of water quality.
Two, water temperature: natural surface water is subject to the influence of external environment condition, and wherein, temperature just exists as a uncontrollable factor.The former water water temperature of the urban water supply factory of different times, different regions has bigger difference, temperature generally is to control by changing adding of coagulant, coagulant aid etc. to the influence of disposal system, thereby changed the situation of spoil disposal water and backwashing water, indirect also has certain influence to the supernatant reuse.
Three, process equipment: because the influence of structures and relevant device, treatment effect, hydraulics etc. must be affected in the disposal system operational process, thereby influence the situation of each technique unit consumption from water, according to different technique units, its processing procedure also can be different, relate to from the situation of water different naturally; For same technique unit, when the pond type not simultaneously, hydraulics, the running status of corresponding technique unit are differentiated, its from water consumption of water, water consumption cycle also with difference; Even the same pond type of same technique unit, when water consumption equipment not simultaneously, its consumption also all inequality on water quality, the water yield from water.So between the urban water supply factory of different process equipment, its water consumption rate has certain difference.
The present invention has the promotion meaning to set up the disposal route of comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant to realizing the energy-saving and emission-reduction of urban water supply factory.The present invention is directed to China urban water supply factory from the water present situation, and the enforcement water resource saving in country's " comprehensive programme of work of energy-saving and emission-reduction " utilizes, improve personal water application efficiency, reduce the requirement that self water consumption consumes, by a large amount of investigation and analysis, on the basis of determining urban water supply factory water saving potential, use many-sided means, source quality with urban water supply factory, treatment scale, factor such as technological process and water quality safety is included the research of urban water supply factory water saving gordian technique in, and demonstration research by the actual cities water-supply plant, instruct production practices for the comprehensive water-saving processing of setting up urban water supply factory, basic research mode is provided.
Claims (2)
1. the control method of a comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant is characterized in that, this method is realized by following steps:
Step 1: determine the water consumption rate of technique unit, water-purifying process and recovery and processing system water consumption present situation are estimated, determine whether urban water supply factory possesses the ability that water saving is taped the latent power;
Step 2: possess in urban water supply factory under the condition of water saving potential, determine recovery and processing system optimization water saving key link and key point, to the control technology of described key link and key point enforcement raising water saving ability; Redefine the water consumption rate of urban water supply factory, realize comprehensive water-saving;
The computing method of the water consumption rate described in the step 1 are represented by formula one:
Formula one:
Clean water production rate described in the formula is according to the clean water production rate in reason system of the urban water supply factory and office actual motion; Self water consumption is meant: the spoil disposal water yield and the back flush water yield and deduct the self water consumption that the supernatant water yield is obtained;
The spoil disposal water yield in the described self water consumption is meant: in the operational process of precipitation unit and coagulation unit, at the bottom of the pond, can produce deposition, for effluent quality or the hydraulics that does not influence technique unit, need regularly the mud at the bottom of the pond to be discharged outside the pond, the pool bottom sludge water percentage is higher, generally, when discharging mud, be accompanied by the outflow of a large amount of spoil disposal water more than 90%;
The described spoil disposal water yield according to day the spoil disposal water yield calculate, the described day spoil disposal water yield is by formula two expressions:
Formula two:
Definite value when the sludge discharging period in the formula is got its actual motion;
A spoil disposal water yield in the formula is obtained by formula three:
Formula three:
In the formula: D represents the dredging tube internal diameter, and unit is mm; V represents flow rate of water flow in the dredging tube, and unit is m/s; Z represents the dredging tube radical; T represents suction dredger time of operation, and unit is s;
The back flush water yield in the described self water consumption is meant: filter element to the purification function of water quality be rely on the holding back of filtrate, stick, suction-operated, continuous operation along with technology, filtrate exists and contains the saturated problem of dirty ability, need carry out back flush to filtrate, thereby remove the dirt that it is held back, make it recover filtration capacity, in the process of back flush, need to consume a large amount of backwashing waters;
The described back flush water yield obtains according to the day recoil water yield, and amount of flush water was expressed as by formula four in described day:
Formula four:
Definite value when wherein, backwashing period is got its actual motion;
The calculating formula of setting up a back flush water yield according to the operational factor of back flush is by formula five expressions:
Five: the back flush water yield=q * t * s of formula,
In the formula: q represents back washing strength, and unit is m
3/ (sm
2); T is a backwashing time, and unit is s; S is the back flush area, and unit is m
2
The supernatant water yield in the described self water consumption refers to respectively: in optimizing the water saving key link, the recycling water in the recycling processing unit of personal water consumption unit all be can be considered supernatant; Water quality situation in the described recycling processing unit is divided into preferably from water waste water and relatively poor from water waste water, described preferably from water waste water, behind regulating reservoir, can take the mode of direct reuse to use supernatant; For the water quality situation relatively poor from water waste water, need by regulate, precipitation, concentrate after, mud-water separation is returned and is produced water quality situation supernatant preferably, is promoted to distribution well again and mixes recycling with former water;
The described supernatant water yield is represented by formula six:
Formula six: the supernatant water yield=∑ Q
i* R
In the formula: Q
iRepresent each technique unit self water consumption, unit is m
3R represents the reuse ratio, and unit is %;
Described recycling processing unit adopts in handling the water saving process handles the back recycling, for the urban water supply factory that has been constructed and put into operation, be subjected to economic condition or site condition is limit, increase the Treatment for Reuse structures and have bigger difficulty, then can consider direct reuse, research is influential from water waste water direct reuse to the coagulating sedimentation unit, should determine to recycle ratio from water waste water optimization water saving under the prerequisite that ensures water quality safety;
Step 1 is described estimates concrete finger to water-purifying process and recovery and processing system water consumption present situation: the interior water consumption rate of the water consumption rate of urban water supply factory actual motion and the experience water saving scope of determining compares, determine urban water supply factory from the water present situation, personal water consumption situation, the water saving potential of urban water supply factory and office reasons system are estimated;
The condition that the described urban water supply of step 1 factory possesses the water saving ability of taping the latent power is meant: the personal water consumption of urban water supply factory is big, and through reducing the unit of personal water consumption after transforming significantly, the unit of described personal water consumption is meant: precipitation unit, filter element or recycle processing unit;
The described water saving key point of step 2 is meant the concrete operation point in the urban water supply factory operational process, and described operation point is specially: the settling property of the spoil disposal form of settling basin, the method for operating of spoil disposal, spoil disposal water, backwash mode, backwashing time and the backwashing period in filter tank;
The described control technology to key link and key point enforcement raising water saving ability of step 2 is meant to be controlled the consumption ways from water, and described consumption ways from water is meant spoil disposal water or two kinds of optimization of backwashing water water saving mode.
2. the control method of a kind of comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this method also comprises step 3: the benefit of bringing after the comprehensive water-saving transformation is evaluated; Described benefit evaluation is to the evaluation of environmental benefit and the evaluation of economic benefit, to compare before evaluation result of benefit and the transformation on economy of water cousumption, during water consumption rate before the water consumption rate after the transformation on economy of water cousumption is greater than or equal to transformation on economy of water cousumption, then return execution in step one and step 2, readjust water consumption rate, the water consumption rate after transformation on economy of water cousumption is lower than till the water consumption rate before the transformation on economy of water cousumption.
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| CN2010101192602A CN101787722B (en) | 2010-03-08 | 2010-03-08 | Control method for comprehensive water conservation of urban water supply plant |
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| CN104656634B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2017-05-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of water-supply plant efficiency diagnostic method for having return-flow system |
| CN105184036B (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2018-06-15 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of computing system of city dweller's water saving potential |
| CN105399247A (en) * | 2015-12-26 | 2016-03-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Modification method for saving operation cost of water treatment plant supplied with water from low turbidity water source |
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| CN1220120C (en) * | 2001-12-26 | 2005-09-21 | 中冶集团北京钢铁设计研究总院 | Control system of five-dimensional water balance water-saving technique and its control method |
| CN1155758C (en) * | 2002-05-29 | 2004-06-30 | 西安交通大学 | Method based on intermediate water channel for determing impurity concentration and water supply network |
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