CN101785562B - Method for preparing various products by separating kelp components and fully using biomass - Google Patents
Method for preparing various products by separating kelp components and fully using biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN101785562B CN101785562B CN2010101208598A CN201010120859A CN101785562B CN 101785562 B CN101785562 B CN 101785562B CN 2010101208598 A CN2010101208598 A CN 2010101208598A CN 201010120859 A CN201010120859 A CN 201010120859A CN 101785562 B CN101785562 B CN 101785562B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing sodium alga acid, dietary fiber, pigment, iodine and mannite by separating kelp components, which saves water and energy, and aims to solve the problems of large water consumption, high intensity of labour and the like for separating products of sodium alga acid and the like from the kelp in the traditional method. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly cleaning to remove sand on the surface of the kelp, cutting the kelp, tearing and crashing the kelp by a gas-explosive process, and then digesting with sodium carbonate solution, separating solid and liquid with a tubular centrifuger, preparing dietary fiber by using solid slag, precipitating the sodium alga acid in the liquid components with calcium chloride , and separating the pigment, the iodine and the mannite by using methods of ultrafiltration, electrodialysis and the like. Compared with the traditional method, the method for extracting the sodium alga acid can save water by 30%-50%, save energy by 20%-30%, avoid the process of fixing color by using toxicant formaldehyde, shorten the digesting time, simultaneously co-produce various products, realize full-utilization of each component of the kelp and improve the economical value of the kelp.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sea-tangle utilization of resources field, particularly kelp components separating bio amount complete utilization prepares the method for multiple products such as sodium alginate.
Technical background
China borders on the sea in the east; Wide marine site is arranged; Can greatly develop the sea-tangle biomass resource, the sea-tangle converted products is very abundant, like sodium alginate, iodine and sweet mellow wine, kelp dietary fiber etc.; Wherein sodium alginate is widely used in fields such as weaving, medicine, food, chemistry, biology with its favorable biological degradability and biocompatibility; Iodine is the human body indispensable trace element that grows; Sweet mellow wine can be used for industries such as food, medical plastics.Traditional sea-tangle processing mode technological obsolescence; The water consumption power consumption is big; Lack deep process technology, can not satisfy the demand of Chinese society development, particularly under the leading role's that petroleum resources are deficient day by day, biomass resource will become industrial economy gradually background; Must just can give full play to its potential advantages aspect production new material, food and chemicals exploitation to traditional sea-tangle process technology upgrading.
There is following subject matter in tradition sodium alginate method for distilling: 1) because sodium alginate viscosity is big, be difficult to after the digestion filter, need a large amount of water dilutions, water consumption can reach 1: 1000; 2) the intermediate product alginic acid is unstable, is prone to degraded, and therefore resulting product yield and viscosity are all lower; Need add Toxic matter formaldehyde when 3) soaking, in the sodium alginate product, have residually, increase production cost and environmental pollution simultaneously.The time of 4) soaking and digesting is longer, for about 6-8h, influences production efficiency altogether.Aspect from sea-tangle, extracting iodine and sweet mellow wine, some patents are arranged also; Like disclosed a kind of method (application number: that from sea-tangle, extracts iodine on October 4th, 2006 200510044408.x) with a kind of method (application number: 200510044407.5) that from sea-tangle, extracts sweet mellow wine; But just from sea-tangle, extract single component; Do not realize each component complete utilization of sea-tangle, economic benefit is not high.
To above problem; The present invention is according to the characteristic of kelp components; Utilize the quick-fried technology of vapour that sea-tangle is carried out preliminary treatment; Utilize technology such as tubular type is centrifugal, electrodialysis, milipore filter to carry out component again and separate, realize sea-tangle biomass complete utilization, produce products such as sodium alginate, dietary fiber, iodine, pigment, sweet mellow wine.The invention provides the sea-tangle cleaning processing technology of energy-saving and water-saving, compare the present invention 30%-50% that can economize on water with conventional method, energy-conservation 20-30% has avoided use Toxic formaldehyde fixation process, shortens digestion time, has tangible using value.
Summary of the invention
[the object of the invention] the objective of the invention is to provide a kind of kelp components of clean and effective to separate the method that Poly-generation prepares products such as sodium alginate to conventional method product water consumption such as sodium alginate extraction, shortcoming that power consumption is big from sea-tangle.
[technical scheme] kelp components separating bio provided by the invention amount complete utilization prepares the method for multiple products such as sodium alginate, comprises the steps:
(1) preliminary treatment: with being cut into the 3-15cm segment behind the fresh sea-tangle water flush away sandy soil, or the flush away sandy soil are cut into the 3-15cm segment behind the dried kelp soaking 1-2h;
(2) the quick-fried processing of vapour: pretreated sea-tangle is tieed up pressure 2～10min carry out the steam blasting processing under 0.6～1.5MPa pressure;
(3) digestion: the sea-tangle to vapour after quick-fried use with respect to sea-tangle dry weight 5-15 doubly (m/V, 1-2% sodium carbonate liquor g/ml) digests, the digestion temperature is 40-55 ℃, digestion time is 1-2h;
(4) centrifugal: digestion finishes the back and adds that doubly (m/V, water dilution g/ml) use tube centrifuge centrifugal under as the 5000-15000r/min condition at rotating speed, realize that sea-tangle digests separating of slag and supernatant liquid with respect to sea-tangle dry weight 5-20;
(5) the sea-tangle digestion slag after centrifugal mainly is the sea-tangle fiber; Use with respect to solid-phase material dry weight 10-20 times of (m/V; G/ml) hydrogen peroxide bleaching of 0.5-2%; Bleaching time is that 20-60min, temperature are 30-50 ℃, and the 50-70 ℃ of following vacuum drying in bleaching back, pulverizing just obtain the kelp dietary fiber finished product;
(6) main component is sodium alginate, pigment, iodine, sweet mellow wine in the supernatant, adds the calcium chloride solution of the 10-15% of 0.2-1 times of volume after supernatant uses hydrochloric acid adjusting pH as 6-7, forms the calcium alginate deposition, filters and obtains calcium alginate and filtrating;
(7) calcium alginate is joined in the hydrochloric acid solution of 5-10% at 20-35 ℃ of following acidifying 10-20min; Generate the alginic acid grumeleuse; Filter to isolate the sodium carbonate dissolving alginic acid grumeleuse that slowly adds 10-15% behind the alginic acid grumeleuse and form sodium alginate soln, add in the sodium alginate soln 1-2 doubly 95% ethanolic solution of (V/V) make the sodium alginate deposition, the filtration sodium alginate; After 40-60 ℃ of following drying, pulverize and obtain the sodium alginate finished product.
(8) filtrating of step (6) is used ultrafiltration membrance filter, separate the sea-tangle pigment, the milipore filter aperture is the 0.001-0.02 micron;
(9) with the solution of removing pigment in the step (8) with electrodialytic method enrichment iodide ion; The electrodialysis rear filtrate is divided into feed liquid and enrichment iodide ion dope; In enrichment add hydrochloric acid in the dope of iodide ion to regulate pH be 1-3; Charge into chlorine again at 20-40 ℃ of oxidation 1-3h, the iodide ion in the solution is oxidized to iodine.From solution, extract iodine with carbon tetrachloride, with obtaining iodine behind the rotary evaporation in vacuo appearance removal carbon tetrachloride solvent.
(10) 95% ethanol of 1-2 times of volume of adding precipitates sweet mellow wine in the feed liquid that step (9) obtains, and gets sweet mellow wine behind the filtration drying.
The core of [technical characterstic] this patent is to utilize technology such as vapour is quick-fried, tubular type is centrifugal, ultrafiltration, electrodialysis to realize the clean and effective preparation of sea-tangle product, through pollution-free steam blasting technology sea-tangle is carried out preliminary treatment, with the sea-tangle breaking-wall cell; For the component in downstream is separated the good condition that provides; Utilize technical points such as tubular type is centrifugal, ultrafiltration, electrodialysis from kelp residue, pigment, sweet mellow wine and iodine after the digestion of the quick-fried sea-tangle of vapour,, compare the present invention 30%-50% that can economize on water with conventional method for kelp components separation joint-product multiple product provides new way; Energy-conservation 20-30%; Avoided use Toxic formaldehyde fixation process, shortened digestion time, the economy prospect is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch map of technological process of the present invention.Wherein, 1 is the kelp soaking jar; 2 is cutting machine; 3 is steam-explosion jar; 4 is digester; 5 is centrifuge; 6 is bleaching tank; 7 is drier; 8 is the calcium alginate settling tank; 9 is filter; 10 is souring tank; 11 is neutralizing tank; 12 is settling tank; 13 is milipore filter; 14 is electric dialyzator; 15 is settling tank; 16 is oxidation tank; 17 is extractor
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) preliminary treatment: with being cut into the 3-15cm segment behind the fresh sea-tangle water flush away sandy soil;
(2) the quick-fried processing of vapour: pretreated sea-tangle is tieed up pressure 5min carry out the steam blasting processing under 0.6MPa pressure;
(3) digestion: the sea-tangle to vapour after quick-fried use with respect to 10 times of sea-tangle dry weights (m/V, 1% sodium carbonate liquor g/ml) digests, the digestion temperature is 40 ℃, digestion time is 2h;
(4) centrifugal: digestion finishes the back and adds that (m/V, water dilution g/ml) use tube centrifuge centrifugal under as the 15000r/min condition at rotating speed, realize that sea-tangle digests separating of slag and supernatant liquid with respect to 20 times of sea-tangle dry weights;
(5) the sea-tangle digestion slag after centrifugal mainly is the sea-tangle fiber; Use with respect to 10 times of (m/V of solid-phase material dry weight; G/ml) 0.8% hydrogen peroxide bleaching, bleaching time is that 40min, temperature are 35 ℃, bleaches back 70 ℃ of following vacuum drying, pulverizes and just obtain the kelp dietary fiber finished product;
(6) main component is sodium alginate, pigment, iodine, sweet mellow wine in the supernatant, and it is 10% the calcium chloride solution that 6.5 backs add 0.2 times of volume that supernatant uses hydrochloric acid to regulate pH, forms the calcium alginate deposition, filters and obtains calcium alginate and filtrating;
(7) calcium alginate is joined in 7% the hydrochloric acid solution at 35 ℃ of following acidifying 10min; Generate the alginic acid grumeleuse; Filter to isolate and slowly add 10% sodium carbonate dissolving alginic acid grumeleuse behind the alginic acid grumeleuse and form sodium alginate soln, 95% ethanolic solution that adds 2 times (V/V) in the sodium alginate soln makes the sodium alginate deposition, the filtration sodium alginate; After 60 ℃ of following dryings, pulverize and obtain the sodium alginate finished product.
(8) filtrating of step (6) is used the ultrafiltration membrance filter of aperture as the 0.001-0.02 micron, separate the sea-tangle pigment;
(9) with the solution of removing pigment in the step (8) with electrodialytic method enrichment iodide ion; The electrodialysis rear filtrate is divided into feed liquid and enrichment iodide ion dope; In enrichment add hydrochloric acid in the dope of iodide ion to regulate pH be 3; Charge into chlorine again at 40 ℃ of oxidation 1h, the iodide ion in the solution is oxidized to iodine.From solution, extract iodine with carbon tetrachloride, with obtaining iodine behind the rotary evaporation in vacuo appearance removal carbon tetrachloride solvent.
(10) 95% ethanol of 2 times of volumes of adding precipitates sweet mellow wine in the feed liquid that step (9) obtains, and gets sweet mellow wine behind the filtration drying.
Embodiment 2:
(1) preliminary treatment: flush away sandy soil behind the dried kelp soaking 1-2h are cut into the 3-15cm segment;
(2) the quick-fried processing of vapour: pretreated sea-tangle is tieed up pressure 9min carry out the steam blasting processing under 0.9MPa pressure;
(3) digestion: the sea-tangle to vapour after quick-fried use with respect to 14 times of sea-tangle dry weights (m/V, 2% sodium carbonate liquor g/ml) digests, the digestion temperature is 50 ℃, digestion time is 1h;
(4) centrifugal: digestion finishes the back and adds that (m/V, water dilution g/ml) use tube centrifuge centrifugal under as the 8000r/min condition at rotating speed, realize that sea-tangle digests separating of slag and supernatant liquid with respect to 13 times of sea-tangle dry weights;
(5) the sea-tangle digestion slag after centrifugal mainly is the sea-tangle fiber; Use with respect to 12 times of (m/V of solid-phase material dry weight; G/ml) 2% hydrogen peroxide bleaching, bleaching time is that 20min, temperature are 40 ℃, bleaches back 50 ℃ of following vacuum drying, pulverizes and just obtain the kelp dietary fiber finished product;
(6) main component is sodium alginate, pigment, iodine, sweet mellow wine in the supernatant, and it is 15% the calcium chloride solution that 6.3 backs add 0.4 times of volume that supernatant uses hydrochloric acid to regulate pH, forms the calcium alginate deposition, filters and obtains calcium alginate and filtrating;
(7) calcium alginate is joined in the hydrochloric acid solution of 5-10% at 25 ℃ of following acidifying 20min; Generate the alginic acid grumeleuse; Filter to isolate and slowly add 14% sodium carbonate dissolving alginic acid grumeleuse behind the alginic acid grumeleuse and form sodium alginate soln, 95% ethanolic solution that adds 1.5 times (V/V) in the sodium alginate soln makes the sodium alginate deposition, the filtration sodium alginate; After 50 ℃ of following dryings, pulverize and obtain the sodium alginate finished product.
(8) filtrating of step (6) is used the ultrafiltration membrance filter of aperture as the 0.01-0.02 micron, separate the sea-tangle pigment;
(9) with the solution of removing pigment in the step (8) with electrodialytic method enrichment iodide ion; The electrodialysis rear filtrate is divided into feed liquid and enrichment iodide ion dope; In enrichment add hydrochloric acid in the dope of iodide ion to regulate pH be 1; Charge into chlorine again at 27 ℃ of oxidation 2h, the iodide ion in the solution is oxidized to iodine.From solution, extract iodine with carbon tetrachloride, with obtaining iodine behind the rotary evaporation in vacuo appearance removal carbon tetrachloride solvent.
(10) 95% ethanol of 1.5 times of volumes of adding precipitates sweet mellow wine in the feed liquid that step (9) obtains, and gets sweet mellow wine behind the filtration drying.
Embodiment 3:
(1) preliminary treatment: flush away sandy soil behind the dried kelp soaking 1h are cut into the 3-15cm segment;
(2) the quick-fried processing of vapour: pretreated sea-tangle is tieed up pressure 2min carry out the steam blasting processing under 1.5MPa pressure;
(3) digestion: the sea-tangle to vapour after quick-fried use with respect to 15 times of sea-tangle dry weights (m/V, 1.5% sodium carbonate liquor g/ml) digests, the digestion temperature is 40 ℃, digestion time is 1h;
(4) centrifugal: digestion finishes the back and adds that (m/V, water dilution g/ml) use tube centrifuge centrifugal under as the 14000r/min condition at rotating speed, realize that sea-tangle digests separating of slag and supernatant liquid with respect to 10 times of sea-tangle dry weights;
(5) the sea-tangle digestion slag after centrifugal mainly is the sea-tangle fiber; Use with respect to 20 times of (m/V of solid-phase material dry weight; G/ml) 0.7% hydrogen peroxide bleaching, bleaching time is that 50min, temperature are 30 ℃, bleaches back 50 ℃ of following vacuum drying, pulverizes and just obtain the kelp dietary fiber finished product;
(6) main component is sodium alginate, pigment, iodine, sweet mellow wine in the supernatant, and it is 15% the calcium chloride solution that 7 backs add 0.2 times of volume that supernatant uses hydrochloric acid to regulate pH, forms the calcium alginate deposition, filters and obtains calcium alginate and filtrating;
(7) calcium alginate is joined in 10% the hydrochloric acid solution at 35 ℃ of following acidifying 10min; Generate the alginic acid grumeleuse; Filter to isolate and slowly add 10% sodium carbonate dissolving alginic acid grumeleuse behind the alginic acid grumeleuse and form sodium alginate soln, 95% ethanolic solution that adds 2 times (V/V) in the sodium alginate soln makes the sodium alginate deposition, the filtration sodium alginate; After 50 ℃ of following dryings, pulverize and obtain the sodium alginate finished product.
(8) use the aperture to be 0.001-0.02 micron ultrafiltration membrance filter the filtrating of step (6), separate the sea-tangle pigment;
(9) with the solution of removing pigment in the step (8) with electrodialytic method enrichment iodide ion; The electrodialysis rear filtrate is divided into feed liquid and enrichment iodide ion dope; In enrichment add hydrochloric acid in the dope of iodide ion to regulate pH be 3; Charge into chlorine again at 40 ℃ of oxidation 3h, the iodide ion in the solution is oxidized to iodine.From solution, extract iodine with carbon tetrachloride, with obtaining iodine behind the rotary evaporation in vacuo appearance removal carbon tetrachloride solvent.
(10) 95% ethanol of 1.5 times of volumes of adding precipitates sweet mellow wine in the feed liquid that step (9) obtains, and gets sweet mellow wine behind the filtration drying.
Claims (1)
1. a kelp components separating bio amount complete utilization prepares the method for multiple product, comprises the steps:
(1) preliminary treatment: with being cut into the 3-15cm segment behind the fresh sea-tangle water flush away sandy soil, or the flush away sandy soil are cut into the 3-15cm segment behind the dried kelp soaking 1-2h;
(2) the quick-fried processing of vapour: pretreated sea-tangle is tieed up pressure 2～10min carry out the steam blasting processing under 0.6～1.5MPa pressure;
(3) digestion: the sea-tangle to vapour after quick-fried use with respect to sea-tangle dry weight 5-15 doubly (m/V, 1-2% sodium carbonate liquor g/ml) digests, the digestion temperature is 40-55 ℃, digestion time is 1-2h;
(4) centrifugal: digestion finishes the back and adds that doubly (m/V, water dilution g/ml) use tube centrifuge centrifugal under as the 5000-15000r/min condition at rotating speed, realize that sea-tangle digests separating of slag and supernatant liquid with respect to sea-tangle dry weight 5-20;
(5) the sea-tangle digestion slag after centrifugal mainly is the sea-tangle fiber; Use with respect to solid-phase material dry weight 10-20 times of (m/V; G/ml) hydrogen peroxide bleaching of 0.5-2%; Bleaching time is that 20-60min, temperature are 30-50 ℃, and the 50-70 ℃ of following vacuum drying in bleaching back, pulverizing just obtain the kelp dietary fiber finished product;
(6) main component is sodium alginate, pigment, iodine, sweet mellow wine in the supernatant, adds the calcium chloride solution of the 10-15% of 0.2-1 times of volume after supernatant uses hydrochloric acid adjusting pH as 6-7, forms the calcium alginate deposition, filters and obtains calcium alginate and filtrating;
(7) calcium alginate is joined in the hydrochloric acid solution of 5-10% at 20-35 ℃ of following acidifying 10-20min; Generate the alginic acid grumeleuse; Filter to isolate in the sodium carbonate that slowly adds 10-15% behind the alginic acid grumeleuse and form sodium alginate soln with the alginic acid grumeleuse, add in the sodium alginate soln 1-2 doubly 95% ethanolic solution of (v/v) make the sodium alginate deposition, the filtration sodium alginate; After 40-60 ℃ of following drying, pulverize and obtain the sodium alginate finished product;
(8) filtrating of step (6) is used the ultrafiltration membrance filter of aperture as the 0.001-0.02 micron, separate the sea-tangle pigment;
(9) with the solution of removing pigment in the step (8) with electrodialytic method enrichment iodide ion; The electrodialysis rear filtrate is divided into feed liquid and enrichment iodide ion dope; In enrichment add hydrochloric acid in the dope of iodide ion to regulate pH be 1-3, charge into chlorine again at 20-40 ℃ of oxidation 1-3h, the iodide ion in the solution is oxidized to iodine; From solution, extract iodine with carbon tetrachloride, with obtaining iodine behind the rotary evaporation in vacuo appearance removal carbon tetrachloride solvent;
(10) 95% ethanol of 1-2 times of volume of adding precipitates sweet mellow wine in the feed liquid that step (9) obtains, and gets sweet mellow wine behind the filtration drying.
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| FR2998894A1 (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2014-06-06 | Seprosys | Treating algae by diffusing algae in water, filtering pulp, ultrafiltration of pressing juice, demineralizing ultrafiltration retentate and decanting demineralized retentate, and recovering vegetable protein and sulfated polysaccharide |
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| CN103342756B (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2014-07-23 | 湖南尔康制药股份有限公司 | Production technology of medical sodium alginate |
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| CN107652368A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-02-02 | 兰溪市沉默生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method for extracting low molecule amount sea-tangle fucoidin |
| CN107827998A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-03-23 | 荣成海锐芯生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method that sodium alginate is prepared using sea-tangle |
| CN108840659A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-11-20 | 合肥铭佑高温技术有限公司 | A kind of corrosion-resistant light fire brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN110590970B (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2021-10-15 | 青岛明月海藻集团有限公司 | Preparation method and application of brown algae polysaccharide rich in fucoidin and sodium alginate |
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