CN101782353A - Material capable of automatically dispersing when encountering impact, manufacturing method and application thereof - Google Patents
Material capable of automatically dispersing when encountering impact, manufacturing method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101782353A CN101782353A CN200910266013A CN200910266013A CN101782353A CN 101782353 A CN101782353 A CN 101782353A CN 200910266013 A CN200910266013 A CN 200910266013A CN 200910266013 A CN200910266013 A CN 200910266013A CN 101782353 A CN101782353 A CN 101782353A
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- antioxidant
- bullet
- calcium carbonate
- polystyrene
- processing aid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a material capable of automatically dispersing when encountering impact, which comprises polystyrene, polyethylene wax, calcium carbonate and a processing aid, wherein the processing aid comprises a coupling agent, an optional antioxidant, an optional lubricant, an optional plasticizer, an optional colorant and the like. Preferably, the material comprises the following components by weight percent: 16 to 19 percent of polystyrene, 10 to 15 percent of polyethylene wax and 55 to 65 percent of calcium carbonate. The material has good formability and machinability, can be manufactured into a container capable of automatically dispersing by a plastic hot melt injection moulding method and is especially processed into the cartridge case of an anesthetization bullet.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of new, especially relate to a kind of material and manufacture method and application that bump can scatter automatically of meeting.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of human society and improving constantly of civilization degree, the law-executor subdues suspect's means and more and more tends to hommization.For example, use Anaesthetic bullet in enforcing law, it not only can remove suspect's resistance of arrest counterattack in the shortest time, can also avoid the suspect is caused the personal injury that is difficult to retrieve.
The shell case of the Anaesthetic bullet that uses in the prior art adopts papery, rubber or metallic copper to make.Wherein, too little, the insufficient rigidity of papery density, bullet is offset direction in flight course easily; Rubber bullet is not easy hit because of elasticity causes the unstability of flying too greatly equally; Copper shell case density is too big, hurts sb.'s feelings easily.
To sum up, make a kind of density of shell case needs of Anaesthetic bullet, the material that intensity is moderate.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of material and manufacture method and application that bump can scatter automatically of meeting, solved Anaesthetic bullet flight instability in the prior art, use dangerous and too big problem the target nocuity.
The invention provides a kind of chance and clash into the material that can scatter automatically, it comprises polystyrene, Tissuemat E, calcium carbonate and processing aid, and processing aid comprises coupling agent and optional antioxidant, lubricant, plasticizer and colouring agent etc.
Preferably, to comprise percetage by weight be 16～19% polystyrene, 10～15% Tissuemat E, 55～65% calcium carbonate to material.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned composition, comprises step:
A, use coupling agent treatment calcium carbonate, oven dry then, bake out temperature is preferably 100～110 ℃, and described processing is with coupling agent and the even mix of calcium carbonate;
B, in the mixture that steps A obtains, add polystyrene, Tissuemat E, antioxidant, lubricant and plasticizer;
C, the mixture that step B is obtained cut into pellet after extruding, cool off, drying up;
D, pellet dried under 60～80 ℃ of temperature promptly get composite.
Preferably, the weight ratio of coupling agent and calcium carbonate is 1～3: 55～65 among the above-mentioned steps A, and antioxidant, lubricant and plasticizer comprise antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, paraffin, ACR201 etc. among the step B.
The present invention also provides being used to make and meeting can scatter the automatically application of container of bump of a kind of above-mentioned material, and the shell of described container uses above-mentioned material to make.
In a kind of concrete application, container is the shell case of Anaesthetic bullet, aerosol bomb or tear bombnoun, by injection mo(u)lding, makes under 210～230 ℃ of temperature, 50～130bar pressure.
Preferably, the tongue piece of shell case is 100～150 ℃ of moulding.
The beneficial effect that the present invention obtains is as follows:
(1) density of material of the present invention, intensity are moderate, under certain altitude (1.5 meters), fall not damaged after the powder charge, guarantee that the bullet that material is made fragmentation can not take place the emission process in gun barrel, but after hit, can be broken into the fragment of 0.01～2mm2 size fully, outwards distribute to guarantee bullet content mass-energy; And processing and tinctorial property are good;
(2) preparation technology of material of the present invention is simple to operation, and raw material easily obtains, and is with low cost, and the production that helps material of the present invention is promoted;
(3) the plastic processability of material of the present invention is good, makes the container that can scatter automatically by the plastic hot melt injection moulding method, particularly is processed into the shell case of Anaesthetic bullet, and heading is stable, is difficult for departing from transmit direction, is beneficial to hit.
Composition according to the present invention is not limited to the application in bullet, aerosol bomb or tear bombnoun, and it can be used in other application that similar requirement is arranged equally.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of material preparation method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is shell first schematic diagram of the Anaesthetic bullet of material making of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is second schematic diagram of the shell of the Anaesthetic bullet made of material of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
A kind ofly be used to meet can scatter the automatically composition of material of bump, comprise polystyrene, Tissuemat E, calcium carbonate and processing aid, processing aid comprises coupling agent at least, can also introduce at least a in antioxidant, lubricant and the plasticizer.
In optimal way of the present invention, it is 16～19% polystyrene, 10～15% Tissuemat E, 55～65% calcium carbonate that said composition comprises percetage by weight.
Term " is met and is clashed into the material that can scatter automatically " and is meant a kind of so closely knit solid material, can be automatic broken under certain impact effect behind dress powder in it, for example be cracked into 0.01～2mm
2The fragment of size.
And material of the present invention can adapt to the environment of 60 ℃ of low temperature-30 ℃ and high temperature, makes actually to use more conveniently, and the scope of application is wider, for example is manufactured on and carries out the special bullet of arresting required by task under the particular surroundings.
The English name of polystyrene is Polystyrene, is called for short PS, refers to by styrene monomer to be a kind of water white thermoplastic through the synthetic polymer of free radical polycondensation reaction, and general formula is [(CH
2CHC
6H
5)
n].Polystyrene has good thermal insulation, insulation and the transparency, and long-term serviceability temperature is 0～70 ℃, but property is crisp, and low temperature is easy to crack.
Tissuemat E is the ethylene low polymer of molecular weight 500～5000, density 0.920～0.936g/cm
3, 60～120 ℃ of softening points.Viscosity in the time of 140 ℃ is 0.1～1.5Pas, and state is white or micro-yellow powder or microgranular down usually.It is low that homemade Tissuemat E has viscosity, the softening point height, and performance such as hardness is good, nontoxic, Heat stability is good, high-temperature volatile is low, existing extremely excellent external lubrication and stronger internal lubrication effect.Can be used as the lubricant of extruding, roll, injecting in the procedure of processing in the present invention, improve working (machining) efficiency, and prevent the bonding of film, tubing, sheet material, improve the smoothness and the glossiness of finished product, improve the finished product outward appearance.
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is a kind of inorganic compound, is the main component of lime rock (abbreviation lime stone) and calcite, and Main Ingredients and Appearance is that CaO accounts for 56.03%, and CO2 accounts for 43.97%, and state is white crystal or powder usually.
Coupling agent is a kind of organo-silicon compound with special construction.In its molecule, have reactive group that can combine and the reactive group that combines with organic material (as synthetic resin etc.) simultaneously with inorganic material (as glass, cement, metal etc.).Can be used as surface modifier in the present invention, at CaCO
3The chemical coupling reaction takes place in the surface.CaCO
3After coupling agent treatment, then can produce good compatibility with polystyrene.Can be used for coupling agent of the present invention and be mainly silane coupler, as KH550, KH570 etc.Preferably use .KH550. in the present invention.In the present invention, the weight ratio of coupling agent and calcium carbonate is 1～3: 55～65, wherein preferred .3: 62.
Antioxidant is used to improve the processing and the storage stability of the present composition in the present invention as optional member.Be some organic compounds that can suppress or delay high polymer and the thermal oxide in air of other organic compounds.The thermal oxidation process of organic compound is a series of free chain reaction, and under the effect of heat, light or oxygen, the chemical bond of organic molecule ruptures, and generates active free radical and hydroperoxides.Hydroperoxides generation decomposition reaction also generates hydrocarbon oxygen radical and hydroxyl radical free radical.These free radicals can cause a series of free chain reaction, cause the structure and the character generation basic change of organic compound; If do not stop, polymer loses use value very soon.The effect of antioxidant is to eliminate the free radical that has just produced, and perhaps impels the decomposition of hydroperoxides, stops the carrying out of chain reaction, keeps the premium properties of macromolecular material, increases the service life.Most antioxidant all can be used for the present invention.
The present invention mainly adopts antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168, to produce collaborative antioxidant effect.
The chemical name of antioxidant 1010 is: four [methyl-β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic ester] pentaerythritol ester is a kind of polynary hindered phenol type antioxidant, has good compatibility with most polymers.The good discoloration that light and heat causes that prevents is arranged.Being widely used in the macromolecular materials such as PE, PP, PS, polyamide, polyformaldehyde, ABS resin, PVC, synthetic rubber, improving its heat endurance significantly, is one of kind that performance is the best in the present phenolic antioxidant.The chemical name of antioxidant 168 is: three [2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphite ester, molecular formula: C
42H
63O
3P; Usually as auxiliary antioxidant, with primary antioxidant 1010 and with producing synergy, the usefulness that prolongs antioxidant.
Plasticizer is in the present invention as optional member, it is strong to be used to improve the inferior valency that the plasticity of the present composition can weaken between the polymer molecule, it is Van der Waals force, thereby increased the mobility of polymer molecular chain, reduced the crystallinity of polymer molecular chain, promptly increased the plasticity of polymer, the hardness, modulus, softening temperature and the brittle temperature that show as polymer descend, and percentage elongation, flexibility and pliability improve.With phthalic ester plasticizer consumption maximum, comprise dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and dinonyl phthalate (DNP) etc.The plasticizer of other types also can be used for the present invention.
The preparation method of above-mentioned material comprises step:
A, use coupling agent treatment calcium carbonate, oven dry then, bake out temperature can be for example 100～110 ℃; The weight ratio of coupling agent and calcium carbonate is 1～3: 55～65.Coupling agent can be a silane coupler, as KH550, KH570 etc.;
B, in the mixture that steps A obtains, add polystyrene, Tissuemat E and optionally antioxidant, lubricant, plasticizer and colorant; Preferably, add 16～19% polystyrene, 10～15% Tissuemat E;
C, the mixture that step B is obtained cut into pellet after extruding, cool off, drying up;
D, pellet dried under 60～80 ℃ of temperature promptly get composite.
The preparation technology of material of the present invention is simple to operation, and raw material easily obtains, and is with low cost, and the production that helps material of the present invention is promoted.
Below for the concrete application examples of material preparation method of the present invention.
A, will be with the coupling agent treatment 58%CaCO that accounts for weight ratio 1.9%
3And oven dry, bake out temperature is 100 ℃;
B, adding 16% polystyrene, 14% Tissuemat E and 0.3% antioxidant 1010,0.3% antioxidant 168,8% paraffin, 4%ACR201;
C, complex is carried out premixed with high speed mixer, cut into pellet after extruding, cool off, drying up;
D, mixture dried under 70 ℃ of temperature promptly get composite.
To produce the 1000g material is example, promptly will dry with the 580g CaCO3 that 19gKH550 handled at 100 ℃, add 160g polystyrene, 140g Tissuemat E and 3g antioxidant 1010,3g antioxidant 168,80g paraffin again, 40gACR201 carries out premixed with high speed mixer, cut into pellet after extruding, cool off, drying up, mixture is dried under 70 ℃ of temperature promptly get composite again.
A, will be with accounting for the 62%CaCO3 oven dry that weight ratio 3% coupling agent treatment crosses, bake out temperature is 102 ℃;
B, adding 17.5% polystyrene, 12.9% Tissuemat E and 0.3% antioxidant 1010,0.3% antioxidant 168,4% paraffin, 3%ACR201;
C, complex is carried out premixed with high speed mixer, cut into pellet after extruding, cool off, drying up;
D, mixture dried under 76 ℃ of temperature promptly get composite.
To produce the 1000g material is example, promptly will dry with the 620g CaCO3 that 30g KH550 handled at 102 ℃, add 175g polystyrene, 129g Tissuemat E and 3g antioxidant 1010,3g antioxidant 168,40g paraffin again, 30gACR201 carries out premixed with high speed mixer, cut into pellet after extruding, cool off, drying up, mixture is dried under 76 ℃ of temperature promptly get composite again.
Embodiment 3
A, will be with accounting for the 63%C CaCO3 oven dry that weight ratio 3% coupling agent treatment crosses, bake out temperature is 109 ℃;
B, adding 19% polystyrene, 12% Tissuemat E and 0.3% antioxidant 1010,0.3% antioxidant 168,2.6% paraffin, 2.8%ACR201;
C, complex is carried out premixed with high speed mixer, cut into pellet after extruding, cool off, drying up;
D, mixture dried under 64 ℃ of temperature promptly get composite.
To produce the 1000g material is example, promptly will dry with the 630g CaCO3 that 30g KH570 handled at 100 ℃, add 190g polystyrene, 120g Tissuemat E and 3g antioxidant 1010,3g antioxidant 168,26g paraffin again, 28gACR201 carries out premixed with high speed mixer, cut into pellet after extruding, cool off, drying up, mixture is dried under 64 ℃ of temperature promptly get composite again.
Make Anaesthetic bullet with the material that embodiment 1-3 obtains, concrete steps are as follows:
(a) extrude pellet after the pelletizing 80 ℃ of oven dry of carrying out 1 hour with above-mentioned;
(b) mould is installed on the injection machine, and the technological parameter temperature is set is that 210～230 ℃, pressure are that 50～130bar, injection moulding speed are 80-90rpm; Obtain a hemisphere 1 after the injection moulding, promptly form the revolving body shell case that a cross section is cylindricality 2+ semi-circular 1, can be referring to Fig. 2.
(c) latter's column part 2 usefulness one dome-type Si molding jig is thermoformed into tongue limit 3 (can referring to Fig. 3), after being about to this inversion and loading onto medicinal powder, after the top applies glue, builds gummed, place the Anaesthetic bullet that promptly obtains sphere more than 8 hours with the hemisphere shell case.
The Anaesthetic bullet that obtains adopts the vapour pressure rifle to carry out single-shot and running fire firing practice, and all Anaesthetic bullets all hitting outside 30 meters after the target, all are broken into the fragment of 0.01～2mm2 area size again, reach the object of the invention.
The present invention carries out test of many times, and with the hit rate of more all types of bullets under the multiple distance of single-shot and running fire, concrete test data is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
Learnt that by last table material of the present invention makes bullet under various distances and radiation pattern, the rate of hitting is had outstanding performance on stability of flying and directionality all far above rubber pellet and papery bullet.
The Anaesthetic bullet that obtains has also carried out 1.5 meters high drop tests, and the percentage of damage of drop test is 0%, and be about to Anaesthetic bullet and vertically fall ground 1.5 meters eminences, the fragmentation of neither one Anaesthetic bullet, and do not have obvious slight crack.Illustrate and do not have potential safety hazard when Anaesthetic bullet that material of the present invention makes uses.
The present invention is by making new material with polystyrene, Tissuemat E, calcium carbonate and optional processing aid, and the density of material of acquisition is 0.9～1.3 * 103kg/m3; Compression strength is 2.1～2.4MPa; Impact strength is 0.5～3KJ/m2; Guarantee that container (particularly special bullet) that this material the makes heading after stressed is stable, and just be broken into fragment after outside certain distance, hitting the mark automatically, making material in the container to scatter plays a role, container can be special bullet, comprises Anaesthetic bullet, aerosol bomb, tear bombnoun or the like.
Broken under the bounce effect that the special cartridge case of being made by this material is subjected to after hitting the mark, but before hitting the mark, can resist the pressure that firmly in gun barrel, is subjected to the emission process, and under certain altitude (1.5 meters), fall and can not crack or broken, be unlikely to the user is caused potential safety hazard.And this material has compression strength is that 2.1～2.4Mpa, impact strength are the characteristic of 0.5～3KJ/m2.
In addition, material of the present invention can be used to make any and gun barrel diameter special bullet that be complementary, that need shell case to scatter automatically, and the gun barrel of applicable 10～25mm diameter is especially made the Anaesthetic bullet that diameter is 18.4mm.
It will be recognized by those skilled in the art, perhaps just can determine the equivalence replacement of the specific embodiment of the invention according to conventional experience.Be not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiment so should be understood that scope of the present invention.Therefore, should be appreciated that those skilled in the art can be under the situation that does not deviate from scope and spirit of the present invention, the specific embodiment is changed or revises, still within protection domain of the present invention.And the disclosure content of the publication that the application draws also all is incorporated herein with reform, with as a reference.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is used for meeting the bump material that can scatter automatically, it is characterized in that described material comprises polystyrene, Tissuemat E, calcium carbonate and processing aid, and described processing aid comprises coupling agent.
2. material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it is 16～19% polystyrene, 10～15% Tissuemat E, 55～65% calcium carbonate that described material comprises percetage by weight.
3. material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described processing aid comprises at least a in antioxidant, lubricant and the plasticizer.
4. material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described coupling agent and calcium carbonate is 1～3: 55～65.
5. a preparation of compositions method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises step:
A. use coupling agent treatment calcium carbonate, then oven dry;
B, in the mixture that steps A obtains, add polystyrene, Tissuemat E and optionally processing aid antioxidant, lubricant and plasticizer;
C, the mixture that step B is obtained cut into pellet after extruding, cool off, drying up;
D, pellet dried under 60～80 ℃ of temperature promptly get composite.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, antioxidant, lubricant and plasticizer described in the described step B comprise antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, paraffin, ACR201.
7. the described composition of claim 1 is in the application of container of can scattering automatically.
8. application according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described container is Anaesthetic bullet, aerosol bomb or tear bombnoun, and the shell of described container is the shell case of Anaesthetic bullet, aerosol bomb or tear bombnoun.
9. application according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described Anaesthetic bullet makes under 210～230 ℃ of temperature, 50～130bar pressure by injection mo(u)lding.
10. application according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the tongue piece of described shell case is 100～150 ℃ of moulding.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910266013 CN101782353B (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2009-12-31 | Material capable of automatically dispersing when encountering impact, manufacturing method and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910266013 CN101782353B (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2009-12-31 | Material capable of automatically dispersing when encountering impact, manufacturing method and application thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101782353A true CN101782353A (en) | 2010-07-21 |
| CN101782353B CN101782353B (en) | 2013-04-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910266013 Expired - Fee Related CN101782353B (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2009-12-31 | Material capable of automatically dispersing when encountering impact, manufacturing method and application thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022003455A1 (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-01-06 | Zamani Ghalehshahi Meysam | Recoverable four-sided calcium carbonate paintball |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4603637A (en) * | 1984-10-31 | 1986-08-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Variable density frangible projectile |
| EP1842874A1 (en) * | 2006-04-04 | 2007-10-10 | Kuo-Hua Cheng | Method of manufacturing environmentally friendly plastic nano-particles |
| CN101293975B (en) * | 2007-04-29 | 2011-05-04 | 浙江环球轻纺有限公司 | Biodegradable environment protection tableware and its processing method |
| CN101481481A (en) * | 2009-02-04 | 2009-07-15 | 福建省三明市开关有限公司 | High strength crystal whisker modified plastic for cable bridge rack |
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