CN101778577A - 具有限流器和气雾形成剂的发烟制品 - Google Patents
具有限流器和气雾形成剂的发烟制品 Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
- A24D3/043—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure with ventilation means, e.g. air dilution
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/0275—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters for filters with special features
- A24D3/0283—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters for filters with special features with means for a non-axial smoke flow
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/12—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
- A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
- A24C5/52—Incorporating filters or mouthpieces into a cigarette rod or a tobacco rod
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/0275—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters for filters with special features
- A24D3/0279—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters for filters with special features with tubes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
- A24D3/045—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure with smoke acceleration means, e.g. impact-filters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种发烟制品(10),包括具有高含量气雾形成剂的可发烟填充物和过滤器(14)。优选地,可发烟填充物包括约4%重量百分比的甘油到约35%重量百分比的甘油。过滤器包括通过接装纸(16)连接到烟丝条(12)的圆筒形管(48)、沿所述圆筒形管在与烟丝条相邻并且相对于烟丝条处于下游的位置处的第一过滤器段(18)、和在与第一过滤器段相邻并且相对于第一过滤器段处于下游的位置处的限流过滤器段(26)。过滤器还包括与限流过滤器段相邻并且相对于限流过滤器段处于下游的腔室(46)、和在沿腔室的一位置处的包括延伸穿过接装纸和圆筒形管的穿孔的通气区(40)。优选地,通气区相对于限流过滤器段处于下游。
Description
本申请要求于2007年3月9日提交的美国专利申请No.60/905835的优先权,其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
背景技术
迄今为止,具有高通气水平的香烟通常具有不可接受的低水平吸阻(RTD),除非适当地采取一些对策来弥补吸阻方面的不足。过去,使用高密度醋酸纤维素过滤器段来解决该不足。但是,这种过滤段倾向于降低焦油释放量(FTC),对主流烟气的气相成分(比如一氧化碳(CO)和一氧化氮(NO))影响极小或者没有影响。该方案倾向于使较低释放量(FTC焦油)香烟中的CO对焦油(FTC)的比率变差。
通气具有理想的属性,因为当单独作用时,通气不仅降低主流烟气中的微粒相而且降低主流烟气中的气相。但是,如前所述,高通气香烟在RTD方面存在缺陷。
附图说明
图1A是根据一个优选实施例构造的发烟制品的侧视图,其中过滤器接装纸已部分展开以显示内部过滤器部件。
图1B-1D是一种构造有下游通气装置的未点燃发烟制品的RTD和通气度的实验测量值的图示。
图1E-1G是一种构造有上游通气装置的未点燃发烟制品的RTD和通气度的实验测量值的图示。
图2是示出了一个制造具有高甘油含量的再造烟草薄片的方法的示例性实施例的流程图。
图3是示出了一个制造具有高甘油含量的再造烟草薄片的方法的优选实施例的示意图。
图4和5是另外的实施例的发烟制品的侧视图,其中接装纸已部分展开以显示过滤器部件。
图6是一种发烟制品的侧视图,其中接装纸已部分展开以显示包括具有端对端对称性的限流过滤器段的过滤器部件。
图7和8是另外的实施例的发烟制品的侧视图,其中接装纸已部分展开以显示过滤器部件。
图9是示出了烟丝上的甘油和限流器过滤器对烟气中的苯酚的影响的图表。
图10的图表示出了与包括限流器和烟丝上的2%甘油水平的参照香烟相比,限流器过滤器设计的烟丝中的提高甘油水平的影响。
图11的图表示出了与可从市场获得的超低释放量发烟制品和可从市场获得的包括碳丝束的超低释放量发烟制品相比较,限流器过滤器设计的烟丝中的提高甘油水平对FTC释放量/焦油的影响。
图12是示出了发烟制品的FTC烟气成分的降低量的图表。
具体实施方式
在抽吸一口在过滤器中加入限流器并且在烟丝条中加入有气雾形成剂(比如甘油)的发烟制品的过程中,该甘油挥发,将甘油和水引入主流烟气中并且稀释出现在烟气中的微粒相成分。微粒相包括酚类(比如邻苯二酚,对苯二酚,苯酚)和烟草特有亚硝胺(TSNA)。对于给定水平的FTC焦油释放量,任何甘油,作为微粒相的一部分,将有效地代替否则将会在抽一口烟的过程中通过烟草燃烧所产生的其他微粒相成分。
一些气雾形成剂(比如甘油)用作焦油稀释剂,并且,如果存在足够量,在超出仅仅可用于稀释的水平的情况下,也可用作苯酚控制剂,以进一步降低主流烟气中的苯酚水平。
也可利用通气的过滤器降低烟气成分。通气具有理想的属性,因为当单独作用时,通气不仅降低主流烟气中的微粒相而且降低主流烟气中的气相。
但是,具有高通气水平的香烟通常具有不可接受的低水平吸阻(RTD),除非适当地采取一些对策。一种用于解决这方面的RTD问题的方案是包括高密度醋酸纤维素过滤器段。但是,这种高密度过滤器段倾向于降低焦油释放量(FTC),对主流烟气的气相成分(比如一氧化碳(CO)和一氧化氮(NO))影响极小或没有影响。特别是在较低释放量(FTC焦油)的香烟中,该方案倾向于使CO对焦油(FTC)的比率变差。
另一方面,已知包括醋酸纤维素丝束和三醋酸甘油酯增塑剂的醋酸纤维素过滤器段在从主流香烟烟气中去除苯酚和甲酚方面是很有效的。相对于单位焦油释放量(FTC)而言,这种过滤器段在质量或密度方面的任何显著降低都倾向于在主流烟气中产生更高比例组成水平的苯酚和甲酚。
因而,现有技术需要提供一种具有高通气过滤器的发烟制品,其具有可接受的RTD,而且既具有增加的CO对FTC焦油的比率又具有降低的苯酚和甲酚。
参照图1A,一个优选实施例提供了一种发烟制品10,包括烟丝条12和过滤器14,所述烟丝条12包括具有高甘油含量的烟丝,所述过滤器14通过接装纸16与烟丝条12连接。在一个优选实施例中,发烟制品的烟丝条12中的甘油含量为约4wt%到约35wt%(重量百分比)的甘油,更优选为5wt%到10wt%的甘油,最优选为5wt%到8wt%的甘油。
现在参照图1B-1D和下表1,对于具有下游通气装置和上游限流装置的未点燃过的香烟,在整个抽吸过程中保持期望的通气度(约70%)。
现在参照图1E-1G,相反,当通气孔设置在限流装置上游时,通气度倾向于随着抽吸口数的增加而下降。
表1
烟丝条的剩余量 | 限流器在通气装置上游 | 限流器在通气装置下游 |
50mm | RTD(mm水):101通气度(%):71 | RTD(mm水):110通气度(%):69 |
烟丝条的剩余量 | 限流器在通气装置上游 | 限流器在通气装置下游 |
30mm | RTD(mm水):100通气度(%):70 | RTD(mm水):109通气度(%):60 |
10mm | RTD(mm水):99通气度(%):70 | RTD(mm水):106通气度(%):47 |
在一个实施例中,烟丝包括具有高甘油含量的再造烟草薄片。优选地,烟丝条12中的约10%到约80%的可发烟材料(烟丝)是再造烟草薄片。更优选地,烟丝条包括约30%到约50%的再造烟草薄片,以及更优选地,约35%到约45%的再造烟草薄片。但是,在其他实施例中,烟丝不包括再造烟草薄片,而是包括施涂到烟丝上的增加水平的甘油。
再造烟草薄片被切成用于发烟制品的可发烟填充材料。优选地,再造烟草薄片包括高可达约50%w/w的甘油。在一个实施例中,其他烟丝填充材料也加入到烟丝条12中。
图2显示了一个用于制造要包含在发烟制品中的具有高甘油含量的再造烟草薄片的方法的示例性实施例。在步骤100中,制备含有烟草材料的浆液料。在下一个步骤200中,由浆液料形成烟草薄片。在步骤300中,将浆液料的水分含量降低到小于50%重量百分比。在降低烟草薄片的水分含量之后,在优选小于约40℃的温度下将气雾形成剂加入到烟草薄片中。接下来,在步骤500中,烟草薄片经历烘干过程。
图3显示了一个用于制造再造烟草薄片的方法的优选实施例。在第一步骤中,混合烟草材料520和水540以形成浆液料560。烟草材料520可以是烟叶碎片和/或在烟草加工和/或香烟制造过程中形成的烟草粉尘。例如,烟草材料520可含有至少约50%重量百分比的梗,优选约70%到约80%重量百分比的梗,其余的含有烟草叶碎片和/或烟草粉尘。
浆液料560经历分离过程580,以产生可溶物部分600和纤维部分620。例如,浆液料560可被挤压或被离心分离以去除可溶物部分600。优选地,可溶物部分600不被再加入到再造烟草制造过程中,而是被丢弃。
如图2中所示,在该实施例中,纤维部分620经历提炼过程640,以将纤维部分600转变为更加加接近的各根纤维以用于造纸。纤维部分620通过造纸过程660(例如长网造纸机)形成烟草薄片。在该造纸过程660中,烟草薄片的水分含量通过将过多的水经丝网(例如长网线)排出而降低。例如,水分含量可通过单纯排水而从开始的约98-99%重量百分比减少到约95%重量百分比的水分含量。在另一个示例中,如果排水与真空干燥相结合,则水分含量可减少到约85%。
在完成造纸过程660之后,烟草薄片经受水分降低过程680,以降低烟草薄片的水分含量。优选地,水分含量降低到小于50%重量百分比但大于30%重量百分比。在其他示例性实施例中,水分含量降低到小于45%重量百分比,降低到小于40%重量百分比,或小于35%重量百分比。例如,烟草薄片可放置在蒸汽加热的金属滚筒(即扬克烘缸)上以降低水分含量,并且可选地随后经过较小的蒸汽加热的表面烘干机(即罐烘干机)。
在水分降低过程680之后,气雾形成剂溶液720被施涂到烟草薄片上。例如,可使烟草薄片经过施胶涂布过程700,其中烟草薄片在两个竖直或水平的滚筒之间被供给,所述滚筒构造用于将气雾形成剂溶液720施涂到烟草薄片的两侧。气雾形成剂溶液720可包括其他添加剂740。在替代的实施例中,气雾形成剂溶液720可喷射到烟草薄片上,或烟草薄片可浸渍在气雾形成剂溶液720中。
气雾形成剂的示例包括甘油、丙二醇、乙二醇、二丙二醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、四乙二醇和/或油醇。
在一个实施例中,气雾形成剂溶液720在低于约40℃的温度下加入到烟草薄片中。在其他示例性实施例中,气雾形成剂溶液720在低于约35℃的温度下(例如在低于约30℃或25℃的温度下,或在室温下)加入到烟草薄片中。
甘油是用于气雾形成剂溶液720的优选气雾形成剂。在存在于发烟制品的燃烧的烟丝条中时,甘油形成甘油和水蒸气的惰性气雾。例如,甘油气雾形成剂可作为一种含有约20%到80%体积百分比甘油的甘油水溶液加入到烟草薄片中。在替代实施例中,甘油溶液可含有约50%到80%体积百分比的甘油。优选地,甘油水溶液含有在约75%到约80%之间体积百分比的甘油。如果试图使用含有约100%甘油的溶液,则会导致导致甘油吸收到烟草材料中的程度很差,导致发黏的表面,这可能在制造过程中造成困难。
气雾形成剂溶液720还可含有其他添加剂740,比如香料、湿润剂(除甘油之外的)和/或醋酸盐化合物。香料的示例包括甘草、糖、高果糖浆(isosweet)、可可粉、薰衣草、肉桂、豆蔻、芹菜、葫芦巴、西印度苦香树、檀香、香柠檬、天竺葵、蜂蜜精华、玫瑰油、凡士林、柠檬油、橙油、薄荷油、桂皮、葛缕子、干邑、茉莉、甘菊、薄荷脑、桂皮、依兰精油、鼠尾草、绿薄荷、生姜、芫荽、咖啡等。除甘油之外的湿润剂的实例包括丙二醇等。
具有较高甘油浓度的烟草材料也可含有可选的添加剂。醋酸盐已经被确定为可能促使烟草烟气的TPM细胞毒素减少,特别是在与甘油结合使用时能促使烟草烟气的TPM细胞毒素减少。醋酸盐化合物可进一步促进燃烧的发烟制品的烟气中TPM或酚类的减少。在一个实施例中,醋酸盐化合物包括醋酸铵、醋酸钙和/或醋酸镁。按一定量添加一种或多种醋酸盐化合物以有效地促使加入有作为烟丝的薄片的燃烧发烟制品烟气中的邻苯二酚、对苯二酚、苯酚或TSNA减少。
如图3中所示,在将烟草薄片经过在其中加入气雾形成剂溶液720的施胶涂布过程700之后,使烟草薄片暴露于烘干过程760。例如,烘干过程760可包括使烟草薄片通过隧道干燥机或带式干燥机。
在一个实施例中,气雾形成剂溶液720是甘油,在烘干时按一定量添加甘油溶液以有效地产生非粘性薄片。在另一个实施例中,在烘干后按高可达烟草薄片的约50%重量百分比的量添加甘油溶液。
醋酸铵可在烘干后优选以烟草薄片的约5%到约20%重量百分比的量加入到烟草薄片中,或更优选地,以约10%到约12%的量加入到烟草薄片中。代替或除了醋酸铵,可在烘干后优选以烟草薄片的约1%到约10%重量百分比的量并且更优选约4%的量加入醋酸钙。代替或除了醋酸铵和/或醋酸钙,可在烘干后优选以烟草薄片的约5%到约20%重量百分比并且更优选约8%到约10%重量百分比的量加入醋酸镁。
在烘干过程760之后,含有气雾形成剂(例如甘油、丙二醇、甘露醇、山梨糖醇)的烟草薄片可被切碎成烟丝并且加入到发烟制品中。烟草产生的TMP的总减少量与作为烟丝的一部分加入到发烟制品中的甘油量成比例。
如图1A中所示,发烟制品10的过滤器14优选包括在过滤器14的上游部分20处的第一上游过滤器段(限流器)18、在过滤器14的下游端部24处的烟嘴过滤器段22、和位于第一过滤器段18和烟嘴过滤器段22之间的限流过滤器段26。在该实施例中,过滤器段18和22是低微粒效率过滤器段,优选由较低密度地包装的、大直径醋酸纤维素丝束构造而成,该大直径醋酸纤维素丝束为每根丝约5.0旦尼尔到每根丝约15.0旦尼尔(dpf),比如8dpf,且具有约10,000总旦尼尔到约50,000总旦尼尔(td),比如35,000td。更优选地,过滤器段包括每根丝约6.0旦尼尔到约15.0旦尼尔的醋酸纤维素丝束。本实施例还包括与第一上游过滤器段18相邻的较短的限流过滤器段26(后文中,称作限流盘26),该限流过滤器段具有约3mm到约10mm的长度,更优选具有约3mm到7mm的长度。在该实施例中,过滤器14中的腔室46至少部分地由圆筒形管状过滤器段48的内周及由烟嘴过滤器段22和限流盘26之间的空间形成。通气区40设置在沿所述腔室的一位置处,所述位置优选在限流装置30的下游并且在烟嘴段22上游间隔开。管状过滤器段48优选由较厚的滤棒包装材料、纸或其他材料(比如醋酸纤维素)构造而成。
在该实施例中,通气区40包括多个通气孔41,所述通气孔41延伸穿过接装纸16,并且优选穿过管状过滤器段48。因此,过滤器段48的材料优选为纤维素,以使得其可经由在线激光穿孔技术(或其他穿孔技术)进行激光穿孔,以在发烟制品10的制造过程中提供通气孔。在替代实施例中,通气孔仅形成在接装纸16中(通过使用预穿孔接装纸或在线穿孔技术),并且管状部分48可充分透气以建立通气孔41和腔室46之间的连通。优选地,还可使用其他穿孔技术,比如机械(针)穿孔技术和/或静电技术等。
参照图4,另一个实施例提供了一种发烟制品,包括烟丝条和过滤器,所述烟丝条包括具有高甘油含量的烟丝,所述过滤器与所述烟丝条通过接装纸连接。优选地,过滤器包括在过滤器的上游部分处由醋酸纤维素丝束构造而成的第一上游过滤器段18、在过滤器的下游端部处由醋酸纤维素丝束构造而成的烟嘴过滤器段22、和位于第一过滤器段18和烟嘴过滤器段22之间的限流盘26,但是优选该限流盘与上游过滤器段18相邻。在该实施例中,过滤器中的腔室46至少部分由优选螺旋卷绕纸管48形成,该纸管48在所述过滤器的整个长度上延伸并且具有足够强度以便自支撑,但是足够薄以适应在线激光穿孔。限流盘的外圆环优选与纸管48的内表面形成滑动配合。在该实施例中,过滤器14中的腔室46至少部分由圆筒形管状过滤器段48的内表面及由烟嘴过滤器段22和限流盘26之间的空间形成。通气区40设置在沿所述腔室的一位置处,所述位置优选在限流装置30的下游,并且与烟嘴段22间隔开。管48可使用其他材料或其他成形技术(比如挤出管或形成具有纵向接缝的管)制成。
参照图5,另一个实施例提供了一种发烟制品,包括烟丝条和过滤器,所述烟丝条包括具有高甘油含量的烟丝,所述过滤器通过接装纸与所述烟丝条连接。优选地,过滤器包括在过滤器的上游部分处由碳丝束构造而成的第一过滤器段19、在第一过滤器段19下游的由醋酸纤维素丝束构造而成的第二过滤器段18、在所述过滤器下游端部处由醋酸纤维素丝束构造而成的烟嘴过滤器段22、和位于第二过滤器段18和烟嘴过滤器段22之间的限流盘26。在该实施例中,限流盘26的外圆环优选为略微截头圆锥形的,以利于沿管48从左到右插入限流盘26。在该实施例中,过滤器14中的腔室46至少部分由圆筒形管状过滤器段48的内表面及由烟嘴过滤器段22和限流盘26之间的空间形成。通气区40设置在沿所述腔室的一位置处,所述位置优选在限流装置30的下游,并且与烟嘴段22间隔开。
参照图6,另一个实施例提供了一种发烟制品,包括烟丝条和过滤器,所述烟丝条包括具有高甘油含量的烟丝,所述过滤器通过接装纸与所述烟丝条连接。优选地,过滤器包括在过滤器的上游部分处由碳丝束构造而成的第一过滤器段19、在第一过滤器段19下游由醋酸纤维素丝束构造而成的第二过滤器段18、在所述过滤器的下游端部处由醋酸纤维素丝束构造而成的烟嘴过滤器段22、和位于第二过滤器段18和烟嘴过滤器段22之间的包括限流盘26的限流过滤器,所述限流盘26具有限流孔30。在该实施例中,限流盘26优选是对称的,或者具有端对端对称性。在该实施例中,过滤器14中的腔室46至少部分由圆筒形管状过滤器段48的内表面及由烟嘴过滤器段22和限流盘26之间的空间形成。通气区40设置在沿所述腔室的一位置处,所述位置优选在限流装置30的下游,并且与烟嘴段22间隔开。
参照图7,另一个实施例提供了一种发烟制品,包括烟丝条和通过接装纸与所述烟丝条连接的过滤器。优选地,过滤器14包括在所述过滤器14的上游部分处由过滤器丝束材料构成的段18、和位于过滤器段18下游包括限流盘26的限流过滤器段,所述限流盘26具有限流孔30。在该实施例中,过滤器14中的腔室46至少部分由圆筒形管状过滤器段48的内表面及由烟嘴过滤器段22和限流盘26之间的空间形成。通气区40设置在沿所述腔室的一位置处,所述位置优选在限流装置30的下游,并且与过滤器的烟嘴端间隔开。
参照图8,另一个实施例提供了一种发烟制品,包括烟丝条和通过接装纸与所述烟丝条连接的过滤器。优选地,过滤器包括在所述过滤器14上游部分处的碳丝束构造而成的第一过滤器段19、在所述第一过滤器段19下游由醋酸纤维素丝束构造而成的第二过滤器段18、和位于第二过滤器段18的下游包括限流盘26的限流过滤器,所述限流盘26具有限流孔30。在该实施例中,过滤器14中的腔室46至少部分由圆筒形管状过滤器段48的内表面及由由烟嘴过滤器段22和限流盘26之间的空间形成。通气区40设置在沿所述腔室的一位置处,所述位置优选在限流装置30的下游,并且与过滤器的烟嘴端间隔开。
示例性的长度为83mm的发烟制品的优选尺寸包括:例如,约27mm长的过滤器、约7mm长的烟嘴端过滤器段、位于离发烟制品烟嘴端约12mm处的通气孔、约5mm长的限流盘、约2.5mm长的醋酸纤维素丝束段、和约7mm长的碳丝束过滤器段。
通气区40由穿过接装纸16并且优选穿过过滤器管48’的第一排(和可选的第二排以及可能的第三排)通气孔建立。因此,空气优选抽吸通过通气区40的通气孔,并且进入形成在限流装置30和烟嘴过滤器段22之间的腔室46中。
优选地,通气区40靠近或邻近限流装置30设置,以使得通过通气区40抽吸的空气能在到达烟嘴过滤器22之前与主流烟气混合。优选地,通气区40和烟嘴过滤器22之间的距离为至少5mm,或者在5mm到12mm的范围内。还优选地,限流装置30与烟嘴过滤器22间隔开约4mm到15mm,更优选地间隔开约6mm到10mm。这些特征有助于使烟嘴过滤器22处的微粒相烟气成分的冲击最小化,这又有助于保持期望的CO对焦油(FTC)的比率。
优选地,通气区40获得了至少25%并且更优选至少50%到90%的发烟制品通气水平。
而且,所述实施例提供了期望量的吸阻,同时在整个抽吸过程中保持期望的高通气度。高通气度属性通过在限流装置26的下游设置通气区40来实现。而且,沿所述腔室设置通气区确保通过通气区抽吸到过滤器中的空气与从烟丝条抽吸的主流烟气混合。
限流盘26可包括隔板(其中具有一个或多个孔口的横向壁),所述隔板构成限流装置30,所述隔板包括缩减直径的孔口。所述隔板可以是截头圆锥形的,朝向或远离主流烟气穿过隔板流动的方向会聚。而且,一对隔板可布置在限流盘26内部,以便为限流盘26提供端对端对称性。具有端对端对称性的过滤器部件有利于高速制造滤棒,因为无论烟丝条制造机首先将所述部件一端定向还是将其倒置,所述部件同样工作。
具有端对端对称性的限流盘26在横向壁(隔板)相对侧具有相等长度的管状主体部分。通过这样的布置,由于限流盘26的端对端对称性,有利于制造过滤器。
可选地,除了如上述设置的通气区40之外,可在限流装置30的上游设置第二通气区。
使用预穿孔的接装纸有利于制造上述发烟制品10。
优选地,限流装置30的尺寸适于提供足够的压降,以使得发烟制品10具有至少70mm水柱或更大的吸阻,优选具有在9mm到120mm水柱范围内的吸阻。在一个实施例中,限流装置30的尺寸适于提供足够的压降,以使得发烟制品10具有至少50mm水柱或更大的吸阻,优选具有在60mm到90mm水柱范围内的吸阻。优选地,隔板(横向壁)具有约7.0到8.0mm的直径,并且更优选具有约7.4mm到7.8mm的直径,其中,所述隔板优选具有一个或可选地至少一个直径约0.5mm到约0.9mm并且更优选约0.5mm到0.7mm的孔口。由于限流器部件的压降取决于开放面积,因此也可使用多个孔口。例如,在一个实施例中,隔板中具有两个孔口,每一个孔口的直径约0.5mm。
限流盘26可由纸、塑料、聚合物或金属构成,并且更优选地由纸产品或可生物降解的塑料/聚合物或其他具有可降解性能的适当材料构成。但是,在使用塑料的例子中,限流盘26很小,并且使过滤器的不可生物降解的成分最小化。
上述过滤器设计的优点在于所述过滤器可通过通常用于高速制造香烟工业中的简单组合技术构造而成。另外,每一个实施例包括围绕腔室46的管状支架,以在过滤器14的整个长度上提供期望的坚固性。
而且,所述实施例提供了必要量的吸阻,同时在整个抽烟过程中保持期望的高通气度。高通气度的属性通过在限流装置30的下游设置通气区40来实现。
而且,在相对于烟嘴滤棒22间隔开的通气区40中形成通气确保通过通气区40抽吸到过滤器14中的空气与从烟丝条12抽吸的主流烟气混合。在一个测试实施例中,均匀的污斑图案出现在烟嘴过滤器22的口端处,这表明混合良好。
在抽吸根据本发明构造的香烟过程中,优选在整个抽吸过程中保持期望的通气度(例如50%到90%,优选约60%或约70%)。
对主流烟气中酚类的处理
在相等焦油的基础上,与无过滤器的香烟相比,已知用三醋精作为增塑剂的醋酸纤维素(CA)过滤器用于从主流香烟烟气中去除苯酚和甲酚。本限流器过滤器设计使过滤器中的CA量减少约50%(例如具有27mm过滤器的传统的香烟相对于具有10mm到14mm的CA段的等同限流器过滤器)。与传统的CA过滤器相比,CA的减少导致每单位焦油(FTC)苯酚水平和每单位焦油(FTC)甲酚水平明显增加,尽管在相等焦油基础上,本限流器过滤器设计中的苯酚/焦油的比率和甲酚/焦油的比率仍比无过滤器香烟的低。为了抵消该影响,将比如甘油的气雾形成剂添加到烟丝中,以弥补并且降低甲酚/焦油的比率和苯酚/焦油的比率,即甘油的添加用于抵消含有较少增塑CA量的发烟制品中的苯酚/焦油的比率和甲酚/焦油的比率的相对增加。
除了由于稀释作用自身而产生的预期减少作用之外,甘油对苯酚和多酚(其包括邻苯二酚和对苯二酚)具有额外的影响,这被认为是烟丝条中的甘油倾向于通过一些化学和/或物理作用降低这些化合物的水平。通过使甘油存在于烟丝条中,甘油不仅是焦油稀释剂,而且是通过进一步机械地降低微粒相烟气成分(比如对苯二酚和邻苯二酚)的附加剂。限流器/甘油的组合可用于任何释放水平或“焦油种类”(FTC焦油)和任何期望的焦油稀释水平。
优选地,将甘油以一定水平添加在烟丝条中以足以抵消苯酚以大于其穿过传统CA过滤器的速率穿过低微粒效率CA过滤器段的倾向。
表2公开了在FTC条件和更严格的Massachusetts测试下,一个优选实施例的发烟制品的焦油含量,所述优选实施例的发烟制品包括烟丝中的7%的甘油和过滤器,所述过滤器包括在下游过滤器段上游的醋酸纤维素、位于其间的限流器、和位于限流装置下游的与通气区连通的腔室。FTC吸烟条件包括每60秒持续抽2秒的35ml抽吸量。Massachusetts吸烟条件包括每30秒持续抽2秒的45cm3抽吸量,其中50%的通气被堵塞。
表2:限流器香烟的测试结果
FTC | Massachusetts | |
焦油 | 6.9mg/香烟 | 21.4mg/香烟 |
每口抽吸量 | 9.0 | 13.1 |
CO | 3.7mg/香烟 | 12.1mg/香烟 |
焦油/口 | 0.8mg/口 | 1.6mg/口 |
CO/口 | 0.4mg/口 | 0.9mg/口 |
CO/焦油 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
由上表可知,值得注意的是,CO/焦油的比值保持很低。
在FTC吸烟条件下吸烟时,某些实施例的香烟可产生的平均每口FCT“焦油”为小于约0.9mg,通常小于约0.5mg,以及通常在约0.05mg到约0.3mg之间。这种香烟是“超低焦油”香烟,其产生的每根香烟的FTC“焦油”小于约7mg。通常,在FTC吸烟条件下吸烟时,这种香烟的抽吸口数小于约9口,通常约6口到约8口。
现在参照图9,显示了施涂到烟丝上的甘油对主流烟气中的酚类化合物的影响。包括约2%甘油并且没有限流器的超低焦油量香烟具有约0.9μg苯酚/mg焦油FTC。包括限流器和约2%甘油的超低焦油量限流器过滤器香烟具有约1.35μg苯酚/mg焦油FTC。相比之下,包括限流器、约7%的提高甘油含量和上游醋酸纤维素滤棒的超低焦油量香烟具有约0.55μg苯酚/mg焦油FTC。
图10比较了含有包括限流器和上游醋酸纤维素滤棒的过滤器和包括约7%甘油的烟丝的香烟与含有包括限流器的过滤器和低水平甘油(约2%)的香烟的结果。这些结果相对于传统的从市场获得的超低释放量香烟的酚类水平示出。包括限流器和增加的甘油的香烟显示出主流烟气中的苯酚量减少接近40%、邻苯二酚减少约39%以及对苯二酚量减少约37%。相比之下,含有限流器和约2%甘油的香烟显示出主流烟气中的邻苯二酚微量下降、对苯二酚微量升高以及苯酚升高接近55%。
现在参照图11,该图表示出了烟丝中甘油量提高(约7%)与包括约70%通气水平、限流器和上游醋酸纤维素滤棒的过滤器相结合对FTC释放量/焦油的影响结果。如所示出的,与可从市场获得的含有约2%焦油的超低焦油释放量的发烟制品和可市场获得的包括碳丝束和约2%甘油的超低焦油(FTC)释放量的发烟制品相比较,CO、1,3-丁二烯,NNK,NNN,邻苯二酚,对苯二酚,苯酚和甲醛的FTC释放量/mg降低。
值得注意的是,具有7%甘油的高通气限流器的香烟实现了与45mg活性炭相同或更好的烟气成分降低。过滤器实现了碳过滤器香烟所期望的烟气成分降低,而没有与碳过滤器相关的口味损失。
图12的图表示出了与包括2%甘油的超低焦油香烟和包括45mg碳丝束和2%甘油的超低焦油香烟相比较,包括限流器和7%甘油的超低焦油香烟的优选实施例的FTC烟气成分。如所示出的,根据一个优选实施例构造的香烟显示了CO、尼古丁和1,3-丁二烯显著降低。
另外,表3显示了包括上游醋酸纤维素棒和提高甘油水平(约7%)的限流器过滤器设计对其中包括和不包括活性炭的过滤器中的主流香烟烟气的气相成分的影响。
表3
过滤器中没有活性炭 | 过滤器中有活性炭纸,包括25mg到30mg碳(在过滤器通气孔上游) | 过滤器中有活性炭丝束,包括25mg到30mg碳(在过滤器通气孔上游) | |
CO | 平均值:-59%STD:3% | 平均值:-59%STD:3% | 平均值:-59%STD:3% |
NO | 平均值:-50%STD:5% | 平均值:-50%STD:5% | 平均值:-50%STD:5% |
VOC(1,3丁二烯、丙烯腈、苯、异戊二烯、甲苯) | 平均值:-47%STD:8% | 平均值:-72%STD:4% | 平均值:-71%STD:2% |
过滤器中没有活性炭 | 过滤器中有活性炭纸,包括25mg到30mg碳(在过滤器通气孔上游) | 过滤器中有活性炭丝束,包括25mg到30mg碳(在过滤器通气孔上游) | |
羰基 | 平均值:-47%STD:7% | 平均值:-75%STD:4% | 平均值:-71%STD:7% |
气相(GVP)指数(CO、NO、VOC、羰基) | -51% | -64% | -63% |
(STD为标准偏差)
通过在通气孔上游在纸或CA束上包括碳,出现的VOC、羰基和蒸气相的降低超过除限流器和7%的甘油水平之外并不含活性炭的香烟。
表4公开了与包括标准量甘油(约2%)和过滤器的发烟制品(该过滤器包括在下游过滤器段上游的醋酸纤维素、位于其间的限流器和位于限流装置下游与通气区连通的腔室)相比,一个优选实施例的发烟制品的微粒相浓度,所述优选实施例的发烟制品包括烟丝中的7%的甘油和过滤器,该过滤器包括在下游过滤器段上游的醋酸纤维素、位于其间的限流器、和位于限流器下游与通气区连通的腔室。
表4
如表4中所示,一个烟丝中包括7%甘油的优选实施例的发烟制品与包括标准量(2%)的可从市场获得的低FTC焦油发烟制品相比较,其微粒相成分的浓度降低。
应该理解的是,前面的描述为优选实施例,因此仅为发烟制品和制造所述发烟制品的方法的示例。应该意识到,根据上述教导对不同实施例进行变型和改进对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离所附权利要求书所提出的发烟制品和方法的精神和范围的情况下,可获得示例性实施例和替代实施例。
Claims (20)
1.一种发烟制品,包括:
烟丝条,所述烟丝条包括可发烟材料,所述可发烟材料包括气雾形成剂;和
过滤器,所述过滤器包括:
限流过滤器段,所述限流过滤器段位于与所述第一过滤器段相邻并且相对于所述第一过滤器段处于下游的位置处;
腔室,所述腔室与所述限流过滤器段连通并且相对于所述限流过滤器段处于下游;和
通气区,所述通气区位于沿所述腔室的位置处并且与所述腔室连通,所述通气区相对于所述限流过滤器段处于下游。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发烟制品,其中,所述过滤器还包括圆筒形管和第一过滤器段,所述圆筒形管通过接装纸连接到所述烟丝条,所述第一过滤器段位于沿所述圆筒形管、与所述烟丝条相邻并且相对于所述烟丝条处于下游的位置处。
3.根据权利要求1所述的发烟制品,其中,所述气雾形成剂是占约4%到约35%量的甘油,或者,所述气雾形成剂是占约5%到约15%量的甘油。
4.根据权利要求1所述的发烟制品,其中,所述可发烟填充物还包括选自包括醋酸铵、醋酸钙、醋酸镁及其组合的组的醋酸盐化合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的发烟制品,其中,所述可发烟填充材料包括切碎的再造烟草薄片,所述气雾形成剂是所述再造烟草薄片的组分。
6.根据权利要求5所述的发烟制品,其中,所述再造烟草薄片以可发烟材料的约10%到约80%重量百分比的量包含在所述可发烟材料中,或者,所述再造烟草薄片以可发烟材料的约30%到约50%重量百分比的量包含在所述可发烟材料中。
7.根据权利要求1所述的发烟制品,其中,所述限流过滤器段包括具有横向壁的管状段,所述横向壁中具有一个或多个孔口,并且,所述横向壁在所述管状段的上游端和下游端之间设置在中心位置处。
8.根据权利要求1所述的发烟制品,其中,所述通气区与所述烟嘴过滤器间隔开足够距离,以促进通过所述通气区抽吸的空气与从所述烟丝条抽吸的主流烟气混合。
9.根据权利要求1所述的发烟制品,其中,所述限流过滤器段包括限流装置,所述限流装置与所述第一过滤器段间隔开足够距离,以降低烟气成分对所述限流过滤器段的部分的冲击,并且,所述限流装置包括多个孔口,其中,所述多个孔口中的每一个具有约0.2mm到约0.6mm的直径。
10.根据权利要求1所述的发烟制品,其中,所述过滤器具有约70mm水柱或更高的预定吸阻。
11.根据权利要求1所述的发烟制品,还包括在所述限流装置上游的、含吸收剂的过滤器段。
12.根据权利要求1所述的发烟制品,其中,所述过滤器具有约60mm水柱到约90mm水柱的预定吸阻。
13.根据权利要求1所述的发烟制品,其中,所述限流过滤器段在与所述第一过滤器段相邻且相对于所述第一过滤器段处于下游的位置处插入圆筒形管中,或者,所述限流过滤器段与所述圆筒形管形成滑动配合并且所述圆筒形管随所述过滤器长度共同延伸。
14.根据权利要求1所述的发烟制品,其中,所述限流过滤器段包括在其上游端和下游端的斜边。
15.根据权利要求1所述的发烟制品,其中,所述限流过滤器段包括截头圆锥形横向壁,所述横向壁在下游或上游会聚。
16.根据权利要求15所述的发烟制品,其中,所述限流过滤器段为长度约5mm或更短的限流盘。
17.一种处理主流烟气的方法,包括:
从烟丝条通过限流器抽吸主流烟气,同时使通气区与所述限流器下游的主流烟气连通;和
在所述抽吸步骤中,利用甘油气雾组分稀释所述主流烟气。
18.一种发烟制品,其组合包括:
限流器,所述限流器布置用于建立预定吸阻;
通气区,所述通气区用于降低每口烟的烟草消耗;和
焦油稀释剂,以产生CO/焦油(FTC)的比率为小于0.7并且RTD为至少70mm水柱的主流烟气,
其中,添加一定量的所述焦油稀释剂,以足以用作焦油稀释剂并且将苯酚的水平降低到低于约2.0μg苯酚/mg焦油FTC。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法,还包括每根丝6旦尼尔或更大的低微粒过滤效率醋酸纤维素过滤器段。
20.一种发烟制品,包括:
烟丝条,包括可发烟材料,所述可发烟材料包括苯酚控制剂,所述苯酚控制剂用作焦油稀释剂并且用作降低主流烟气中的苯酚水平的机构;和
过滤器,所述过滤器通过接装纸连接到所述烟丝条,所述过滤器具有与所述烟丝条相邻的上游端、在其下游端的低过滤效率醋酸纤维素滤棒、在所述滤棒上游并形成至少一条贯穿的流动通道的限流器、在所述滤棒的上游端和所述限流器的下游端之间延伸的空腔室、和延伸穿过所述接装纸并且与所述腔室连通的通气区,所述限流器提供至少70mm水柱的吸阻,并且所述通气区向主流烟气提供至少60%的稀释,其中,所述苯酚控制剂包括甘油,所述甘油以所述烟丝条中的发烟材料的至少4%重量百分比的量存在于所述烟丝条中。
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2008
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- 2008-03-07 AR ARP080100969A patent/AR065662A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-03-07 US US12/073,649 patent/US8353302B2/en active Active
- 2008-03-10 JP JP2009553237A patent/JP2010520763A/ja active Pending
- 2008-03-10 PL PL08751066T patent/PL2134200T3/pl unknown
- 2008-03-10 AU AU2008224552A patent/AU2008224552B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-03-10 SI SI200830733T patent/SI2134200T1/sl unknown
- 2008-03-10 EP EP08751066A patent/EP2134200B1/en active Active
- 2008-03-10 MY MYPI20093574 patent/MY151434A/en unknown
- 2008-03-10 EA EA200970843A patent/EA016243B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-03-10 ES ES08751066T patent/ES2394705T3/es active Active
- 2008-03-10 BR BRPI0808717-2A2A patent/BRPI0808717A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-03-10 CN CN200880007700A patent/CN101778577A/zh active Pending
- 2008-03-10 NZ NZ579414A patent/NZ579414A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-03-10 RS RS20120414A patent/RS52449B/en unknown
- 2008-03-10 PT PT08751066T patent/PT2134200E/pt unknown
- 2008-03-10 DK DK08751066.5T patent/DK2134200T3/da active
- 2008-03-10 WO PCT/IB2008/001372 patent/WO2008110931A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-03-10 MX MX2009009641A patent/MX2009009641A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2008-03-10 KR KR1020097021091A patent/KR20100015452A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-10-03 UA UAA200910135A patent/UA96016C2/ru unknown
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2009
- 2009-10-07 CO CO09111147A patent/CO6220921A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
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2010
- 2010-01-27 HK HK10100878.5A patent/HK1133800A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
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CN111511228A (zh) * | 2017-12-28 | 2020-08-07 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | 坚固的气溶胶生成制品用过滤嘴 |
CN112584713A (zh) * | 2018-09-07 | 2021-03-30 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | 用于电子蒸汽烟装置的过滤器、带过滤器的电子蒸汽烟装置及形成过滤器的方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DK2134200T3 (da) | 2012-11-19 |
NZ579414A (en) | 2012-09-28 |
JP2010520763A (ja) | 2010-06-17 |
AR065662A1 (es) | 2009-06-24 |
MY151434A (en) | 2014-05-30 |
CO6220921A2 (es) | 2010-11-19 |
ES2394705T3 (es) | 2013-02-05 |
EP2134200A2 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
KR20100015452A (ko) | 2010-02-12 |
WO2008110931A2 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
BRPI0808717A2 (pt) | 2014-10-14 |
AU2008224552A1 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
RS52449B (en) | 2013-02-28 |
TW200911138A (en) | 2009-03-16 |
EA200970843A1 (ru) | 2010-04-30 |
UA96016C2 (ru) | 2011-09-26 |
MX2009009641A (es) | 2009-09-22 |
SI2134200T1 (sl) | 2012-09-28 |
PT2134200E (pt) | 2012-09-10 |
HK1133800A1 (en) | 2010-04-09 |
AU2008224552B2 (en) | 2013-10-10 |
WO2008110931A3 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
EA016243B1 (ru) | 2012-03-30 |
EP2134200B1 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
US20080216851A1 (en) | 2008-09-11 |
US8353302B2 (en) | 2013-01-15 |
PL2134200T3 (pl) | 2013-01-31 |
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