CN101776544A - Method for preparing big-size model test soil body - Google Patents
Method for preparing big-size model test soil body Download PDFInfo
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- CN101776544A CN101776544A CN201010101165A CN201010101165A CN101776544A CN 101776544 A CN101776544 A CN 101776544A CN 201010101165 A CN201010101165 A CN 201010101165A CN 201010101165 A CN201010101165 A CN 201010101165A CN 101776544 A CN101776544 A CN 101776544A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a big-size model test soil body by layered compaction, comprising the following steps: deciding a filing scheme, processing before soil body filling, borrowing soil based on blocking, putting soil, smoothing in whole, compacting in whole, detecting compaction quality, burying test apparatus and devices, laying an identification layer, testing soil body texture by cone penetration test (CPT) or other in-situ testers and saturating model soil if necessary. In the invention, water content reduction by vacuum pumping, proper air drying in the sun and other methods and combination thereof are adopted to reduce water content of floury soil and silty soil and save labor and cost for drying and other methods. The filling quality and uniformity of the model soil can be accurately controlled by adopting the simple and reasonable filling steps, which is suitable for model tests with high requirements for model soil. The identification layer is laid in the filling layer if necessary, so that soil body deformation can be observed directly by post-test excavation or transparent observation windows on side walls.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of big-size model test soil body by layered compaction preparation method, especially relate to and a kind of model clay is filled quality and the higher big-size model test soil body by layered compaction preparation method of uniformity requirement.
Background technology
In geotechnological physical model experiment, for guarantee to test quality, experiment condition is controlled, generally density and the homogeneity to model clay has higher requirements.When utilizing the small-scale model case to carry out experiment, because earth volume is few, operation control is easy, the therefore preparation and the general easy processing of quality control of soil, soil body preparation quality can guarantee.When utilizing the large scale model casing, as the huge model groove of 15m (length) * 5m (wide) * 6m (height), then cubic metre of earth consumption is huge, and soil layer how to prepare good uniformity, controllable density well becomes a difficult problem.
In the model test soil body preparation method, a kind of is the method for raining, and the method falls into soil in the test flume from certain altitude by specific device, forms the soil layer of certain density.There is following shortcoming in this method: 1, the scope of application is little, and the method is only applicable to the uniform dry sand of particle size.2, the method for the raining soil layer influence factor of filling is more, and the quality of banketing is wayward.3, the density and the intensity of preparation soil layer are lower.Another kind is layering vibro-compaction method or compacting method, and this kind method with loose soil layer compacting, can prepare the sand, silt, clay and the rubble that contain certain moisture by jolt ramming machinery or ballast consolidating machine, and range of application is more extensive.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of big-size model test soil body by layered compaction preparation method, this method step is simple, and the density of banketing and homogeneity control better can be satisfied the universal model testing requirements.
The technical solution used in the present invention may further comprise the steps:
Before determining, the present invention's scheme of banketing carries out the small-sized jolt ramming test in early stage, by testing the feasibility of determining to be issued to target density in a certain water cut, and the gait of march parameter of definite soil body thickness in monolayer, jolt ramming machinery, jolt ramming number of times and jolt ramming machinery; During soil body layering jolt ramming, this soil layer upper and lower part soil body density has difference, and top soil body density is big, according to model clay density error allowed band, determines the Rational Thickness of single-layer soil by this small-sized jolt ramming test; In the optional thickness range of single-layer soil, select higher value, to reduce preparation of soil sample workload;
This method comprises the steps:
1) scheme of banketing is determined:
After above-mentioned small-sized jolt ramming test basic parameter is determined, the size and the required depth of fill according to test flume are calculated the gross mass of banketing, the whole zone of big young pathbreaker according to test flume is divided into several area blocks, calculates each block individual layer according to the block area and the individual layer depth of fill and fills quality;
2) soil body fills pre-treatment:
The earth material density and the water cut that are taken in the nature are inhomogeneous, handle in the following manner before filling: the draw water processing, (2) air-dry airing, (3) of (1) vacuum turns method uniform density and water cut by mixing, the various combination of (4) above-mentioned three kinds of methods;
3) fetch earth, put soil, integral body is paved:
Put into block with satisfying the banket earth material of quality of block individual layer,, and put in order smooth the plough of the soil in each block pine;
4) whole jolt ramming:
Use jolt ramming machinery jolt ramming soil layer, guarantee that the jolt ramming pass of the soil on each unit area is identical, and finally reach the soil thickness that designs in the scheme of banketing;
5) jolt ramming quality testing:
After every layer of jolt ramming is finished, select diverse location to measure soil body density and water cut everywhere, if each site density average is still less than design density 10%, then this layer need are mended and are shaken, if each site density average is greater than design density 10%, behind this layer plough pine, again jolt ramming, if the difference of each site density and average density is greater than 10%, with this layer plough pine, smooth again back jolt ramming;
6) bury and put test unit and instrument:
According to the test needs, after every layer of native jolt ramming, borehole, hole wall is hung hair, puts into test unit and instrument, and makes compacting by hand, makes its surrounding soil density reach designing requirement;
7) lay dye layer:
Jolt ramming and bury put test unit and instrument well after, smooth soil layer surface, and with the levelness on surveyor's staff detection layers surface; After finishing, in soil layer, make label layer as needs and observe the soil deformation situation, then lay one deck color powder material different with the soil body on the soil layer surface; Afterwards, according to the described step 2 of claim 1)～7) method descend one deck to handle, until finishing; Prepare saturated soil as need, finish preparation work according to the method described above after, carry out step 8), otherwise directly carry out step 9);
8) the saturated processing of model clay:
Before banketing, need water supply network to be set in the test flume bottom, water system can observing and controlling intake pressure and inflow, finish preparation work according to the method described above after, improve head from bottom to top until finishing saturated processing (water system is with reference to ZL 200710069866.8) by water supply network;
9) soil mass property in-situ test:
After above-mentioned work is finished, in test flume, select measuring point, use CPT or other in-situ test instruments test soil mass property.
Compare with background technology, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
1, recommends to adopt the method for vacuum-dewatering, suitable air-dry airing or both combinations, reduced the water cut of silt, silt, saved the expense that adopts methods such as oven dry.
2, the parameter of banketing is tested definitely in advance, and the preparation of soil sample is undertaken by set step, and measures soil body density in real time, can more accurately control banket density and homogeneity.
3, as establishing label layer at the fill stratum middle berth, can be by the distortion situation of the test back excavation or the sidewall transparent windows Direct observation soil body.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a component curve figure of the used silt of embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 2 is an embodiments of the invention test result density profile.
Fig. 3 is an embodiments of the invention test result CPT static point resistance distribution plan.
Fig. 4 is an embodiments of the invention test result CPT side friction distribution plan.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
It is 1700kg/m that present embodiment is used for preparing target density in the test flume of 5m * 5m area
3, water cut is about 15% unsaturation powder soil horizon and saturated powder soil horizon.Fig. 1 is for using a component curve of silt.Preparation process comprises the steps:
1) scheme of banketing is determined;
2) soil body fills pre-treatment;
3) fetch earth, put soil, integral body is paved;
4) whole jolt ramming;
5) jolt ramming quality testing;
6) bury and put test apparatus and device;
7) lay dye layer;
8) model clay is carried out saturated processing;
9) soil mass property in-situ test.
In the described step 1), before determining, the scheme of banketing carries out the small-sized jolt ramming test in early stage, by testing the feasibility of determining to be issued to target density in a certain water cut, and the gait of march parameter of definite soil body thickness in monolayer, jolt ramming machinery, jolt ramming number of times and jolt ramming machinery; During soil body layering jolt ramming, this soil layer upper and lower part soil body density has difference, and top soil body density is big, according to model clay density error allowed band, determines the Rational Thickness of single-layer soil by this small-sized jolt ramming test; In the optional thickness range of single-layer soil, select higher value, to reduce preparation of soil sample workload.
This example institute depth of fill is 3.00m, determines every layer thickness 20cm by small-sized jolt ramming test, adopts NZH type plain bumper, and the jolt ramming number of times is 4 times, travelling speed 5m/min.The plain bumper parameter is as follows: jolt pressure 2000kg, jolt ramming area 0.143m
2, vibration frequency 22Hz, general assembly (TW) 190kg.The whole area that bankets is divided into 4 fritters of 2.5m * 2.5m.The every layer of every required quality of banketing is 2.125t.
Described step 2) in, the used silt of this example near saturated, has higher moisture before use, by the networking of drawing water that test flume has part moisture in the used silt is extracted out, water cut is reduced to below 20%, and the back makes used silt moisture reach 14%～16% by suitable airing.
In the described step 3), use grapple that silt is grabbed in the test flume from laydown area, blockette carries out when putting soil, and the quality that control and record fetch earth when fetching earth makes the quality of the soil of each block reach calculated amount.When putting soil, require grab bucket near decontroling behind the ground, the impulsive force of anti-falling stop soil causes the inhomogeneous compacting of model clay again.Use plough to wait instrument, reach sufficient loose condition (of surface) the plough of the soil in each block pine.And make soil layer surfacing in the whole test groove area.
In the described step 4), carry out jolt ramming after paving, the reciprocal jolt ramming of advancing of crawling of jolt ramming machinery.Back and forth in the jolt ramming process, the plain bumper track route overlaps 1/2 with jolt ramming, runs into the object that need dodge, turns to not jolt ramming direction, and the plain bumper pace remains a constant speed.After the 1st time jolt ramming, need flatten native face once more, carry out jolt ramming next time afterwards.Finally make this layer thickness that bankets reach 20cm.
In the described step 5), after every layer of jolt ramming is finished, by being distributed on a plurality of measuring points in the test flume, use core cutter method and oven drying method density measurement and water cut, Fig. 2 is the measurement result for each layer density.
In the described step 6), according to the test needs, after every layer of native jolt ramming is good, dig the hole that is fit to size, hole wall is hung hair, puts into Model Pile, soil pressure sensor, soil internal displacement measuring tube, and the use hand compaction, make sensor place soil body density and native consistent on every side.
In the described step 7), jolt ramming and bury put testing equipment well after, leveling soil layer surface, and with the levelness on surveyor's staff detection layers surface.After finishing, the smalt layer about soil layer surface laying 1mm is as label layer.Afterwards, according to the described step 2 of claim 1)～6) method descend the processing of one deck, until finishing whole banketing.And, use CPT test soil mass property at 4 selected measuring points according in the described step 9), and Fig. 3 has provided the measurement result of unsaturated soil CPT static point resistance, and Fig. 4 has provided the measurement result of unsaturated soil CPT side friction.
When preparing saturated powder soil horizon, at first prepare soil layer according to above-mentioned same method, it is saturated to carry out soil layer afterwards.
In the described step 8), the water inlet networking water filling in soil layer by being provided with in the test flume bottom reaches capacity up to powder soil horizon, uses CPT test soil mass property at 4 selected measuring points then.Fig. 3 has provided the measurement result of saturated soil CPT static point resistance, and Fig. 4 has provided the measurement result of saturated soil CPT side friction.
Present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Claims (1)
1. big-size model test soil body by layered compaction preparation method, before determining, the scheme of banketing carries out the small-sized jolt ramming test in early stage, by testing the feasibility of determining to be issued to target density in a certain water cut, and the gait of march parameter of definite soil body thickness in monolayer, jolt ramming machinery, jolt ramming number of times and jolt ramming machinery; During soil body layering jolt ramming, this soil layer upper and lower part soil body density has difference, and top soil body density is big, according to model clay density error allowed band, determines the Rational Thickness of single-layer soil by this small-sized jolt ramming test; In the optional thickness range of single-layer soil, select higher value, to reduce preparation of soil sample workload; It is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
1) scheme of banketing is determined:
After above-mentioned small-sized jolt ramming test basic parameter is determined, the size and the required depth of fill according to test flume are calculated the gross mass of banketing, the whole zone of big young pathbreaker according to test flume is divided into several area blocks, calculates each block individual layer according to the block area and the individual layer depth of fill and fills quality;
2) soil body fills pre-treatment:
The earth material density and the water cut that are taken in the nature are inhomogeneous, handle in the following manner before filling: the draw water processing, (2) air-dry airing, (3) of (1) vacuum turns method uniform density and water cut by mixing, the various combination of (4) above-mentioned three kinds of methods;
3) fetch earth, put soil, integral body is paved:
Put into block with satisfying the banket earth material of quality of block individual layer,, and put in order smooth the plough of the soil in each block pine;
4) whole jolt ramming:
Use jolt ramming machinery jolt ramming soil layer, guarantee that the jolt ramming pass of the soil on each unit area is identical, and finally reach the soil thickness that designs in the scheme of banketing;
5) jolt ramming quality testing:
After every layer of jolt ramming is finished, select diverse location to measure soil body density and water cut everywhere, if each site density average is still less than design density 10%, then this layer need are mended and are shaken, if each site density average is greater than design density 10%, behind this layer plough pine, again jolt ramming, if the difference of each site density and average density is greater than 10%, with this layer plough pine, smooth again back jolt ramming;
6) bury and put test unit and instrument:
According to the test needs, after every layer of native jolt ramming, borehole, hole wall is hung hair, puts into test unit and instrument, and makes compacting by hand, makes its surrounding soil density reach designing requirement;
7) lay dye layer:
Jolt ramming and bury put test unit and instrument well after, smooth soil layer surface, and with the levelness on surveyor's staff detection layers surface; After finishing, in soil layer, make label layer as needs and observe the soil deformation situation, then lay one deck color powder material different with the soil body on the soil layer surface; Afterwards, according to the described step 2 of claim 1)～7) method descend one deck to handle, until finishing; Prepare saturated soil as need, finish preparation work according to the method described above after, carry out step 8), otherwise directly carry out step 9);
8) the saturated processing of model clay:
Before banketing, need water supply network to be set in the test flume bottom, water system can observing and controlling intake pressure and inflow, finish preparation work according to the method described above after, improve head from bottom to top until finishing saturated processing by water supply network;
9) soil mass property in-situ test:
After above-mentioned work is finished, in test flume, select measuring point, use in-situ test instrument test soil mass property.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102680292A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-09-19 | 同济大学 | Sample fabricating device for geotechnical model tests |
| CN103759996A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2014-04-30 | 中国人民解放军总参谋部工程兵科研三所 | Low-strength tamped cement mortar model |
| CN104020026A (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-09-03 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Manufacturing method of experimental model similar to dump slope deformation in water soaking substrate condition |
| CN107607385A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2018-01-19 | 同济大学 | Vacuum test device for three axle manipulated soil sample preparations |
| CN110261192A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-20 | 北京城建勘测设计研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of remodeling of simulation test soil sample and the method for inspection |
-
2010
- 2010-01-22 CN CN201010101165XA patent/CN101776544B/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102680292A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-09-19 | 同济大学 | Sample fabricating device for geotechnical model tests |
| CN102680292B (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2014-05-21 | 同济大学 | Sample fabricating device for geotechnical model tests |
| CN103759996A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2014-04-30 | 中国人民解放军总参谋部工程兵科研三所 | Low-strength tamped cement mortar model |
| CN104020026A (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-09-03 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Manufacturing method of experimental model similar to dump slope deformation in water soaking substrate condition |
| CN107607385A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2018-01-19 | 同济大学 | Vacuum test device for three axle manipulated soil sample preparations |
| CN110261192A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-20 | 北京城建勘测设计研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of remodeling of simulation test soil sample and the method for inspection |
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Owner name: GUANGSHA CONSTRUCTION GROUP CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY Effective date: 20100809 Owner name: ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY |
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Inventor after: Kong Linggang Inventor after: Chen Renpeng Inventor after: Lin Yanfei Inventor after: Zhang Geqiang Inventor after: Wang Shunyu Inventor after: Zhan Liangtong Inventor after: Chen Yunmin Inventor before: Kong Linggang Inventor before: Zhang Geqiang Inventor before: Wang Shunyu Inventor before: Zhan Liangtong Inventor before: Chen Renpeng Inventor before: Chen Yunmin |
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Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 310027 NO.38, ZHEDA ROAD, XIHU DISTRICT, HANGZHOU CITY, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE TO: 310013 NO.166, YUGU ROAD, XIHU DISTRICT, HANGZHOU CITY, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: KONG LINGGANG ZHANG GEQIANG WANG SHUNYU ZHAN LIANGTONG CHEN RENPENG CHEN YUNMIN TO: KONG LINGGANG CHEN RENPENG LIN YANFEI ZHANG GEQIANG WANG SHUNYU ZHAN LIANGTONG CHEN YUNMIN |
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