CN101774151A - Electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool - Google Patents
Electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN101774151A CN101774151A CN201010105735A CN201010105735A CN101774151A CN 101774151 A CN101774151 A CN 101774151A CN 201010105735 A CN201010105735 A CN 201010105735A CN 201010105735 A CN201010105735 A CN 201010105735A CN 101774151 A CN101774151 A CN 101774151A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of precise optical working and relates to an electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool. Based on electro-rheological and magneto rheological effect, the invention utilizes ferro magnetic material as a polished shaft; when direct current low voltage is applied on an electromagnetic coil, the polished shaft is magnetized to form an electromagnet with the electromagnetic coil, and a vertically distributed magnetic field is produced near the tip of the polished shaft; when direct current high voltage is applied on a taper sleeve and two ends of the polished shaft, a horizontal electric field can be provided to obtain a cross field near a polishing head; when direct current high voltage is applied on a sheet metal and the polishing shaft, a vertical electric field can be obtained, and a parallel field is obtained near the polishing head. Electromagnetic rheological liquid generates rheological effect under the action of externally applied electric and magnetic fields; liquid particles are distributed in chain and intensively attached near the polishing head to form a small-size flexible liquid polishing head which forms relative shearing movement with workpiece surface under the drive of a motor, thus finishing the ultrasmooth polishing of minor-caliber aspherical mirrors, heteromorphic mirrors and free curved mirrors.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool, belong to the precision optics processing technique field.
Background technology
Development along with the optoelectronic information technology, the aspheric optical element of microminiature has begun to be widely used in modern various photovoltaic, image treatment product, as the ophthalmoscope of the view finder of the optical mirror slip of high-quality digital camera, electron microscope eyeglass, video camera, zoom system, pancreatic system, medical industry, endoscope sheet or the like.Compare with the optical spherical surface element, non-spherical element aspect such as number of elements and then mitigation system weight in improving picture element, simplied system structure, minimizing system has irreplaceable advantage.Traditional optics processing method adopts pitch to serve as abrasive material usually, and this causes the inferior surface breakdown layer and the metamorphic layer of workpiece easily to the optical element that processes, and has restricted its application in advanced optical system.Nearly two during the last ten years, continuous modernization and intellectuality along with optical instrumentation, demand to aspheric surface part constantly increases, and its surface configuration and surface accuracy are also had higher requirement, and this has promoted the continuous development of polishing technology and keeping reforming with perfect of polishing tool simultaneously.
Electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing is one and becomes the novel processing method of Technique of Magnetorheological Finishing in conjunction with electric current.According to " cooperative effect " of electrorheological and magnetorhelogical fluid, emr fluid obtains the Overlay of electric current change and magnetic rheology effect, and has the summation that is higher than independent action effect under the acting in conjunction of electric field, two the field direction various combinations in magnetic field.When electric field, the equidirectional parallel action in magnetic field, very strong field flow change effect is arranged on the action direction on the scene, can very fast raising viscosity; Do the time spent when electric field, magnetic direction square crossing, particle reticulates distribution, combines the high and fast advantage of electric current change response speed of magnetic rheology effect shear yield strength.
But the design difficulty of electrorheological polishing tool is big, present employed electrorheological polishing tool exist security lower, remove efficient and wait problem slowly, and general magnetorheological polishing tool head is excessive, can't process small size workpiece.The both positive and negative polarity of rubbing head separates in the existing electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool, and there is electromagnetism to make up single, as to influence polishing effect defective, be badly in need of a kind of delicate structure in the practical operation, polishing effect is good, safety coefficient is high, and can process the electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool of small size workpiece.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to become the problem that the integrated difficulty of employed instrument positive and negative electrode is big in the polishing process, the low and magnetorheological polishing tool head of material removal efficient is excessive and can't process small size workpiece, provide a kind of some contact, Integrated electrode and electromagnetism rheology in the electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool of one in order to solve electric current.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool of the present invention is made up of burnishing device and mounting platform; Wherein burnishing device comprises spinning motor, nut, packing ring, support, keyset, shaft coupling, connecting rod, buff spindle, solenoid, annulus insulator cap, base, insulating washer, tapered sleeve, insulator cap; Annexation is: spinning motor is fixed on the support by locating slot and screw; Buff spindle is connected on the shaft coupling, rotates under the drive of spinning motor; Support connects the DC high-voltage power supply negative terminal and introduces negative electrode, makes that buff spindle is a negative pole end; Three connecting rods distribute by equilateral triangle and pass support screw and packing ring, and simultaneously, the annulus insulator cap is passed with firm banking in the connecting rod lower end; Tapered sleeve is by being bolted on the base, and base connects DC high-voltage power supply and just bringing in the introducing anode, makes that tapered sleeve is an anode tap; Buff spindle passes base central through hole, solenoid, tapered sleeve central through hole and forms probe shape protruding end vertically downward; Solenoid links to each other with Dc low voltage power supply and produces magnetic field; Between tapered sleeve and buff spindle, be inserted in insulator cap;
Mounting platform comprises translation motor, supporting seat, translation stage, guide rail, screw mandrel, tripod, sheet metal, wire through-hole, objective table, hexagon socket head cap screw; Annexation is: translation motor is fixed on the translation stage; Translation stage is installed on the supporting seat; Utilize tripod and hexagon socket head cap screw to make objective table and supporting seat vertical fixing; The objective table upside is drawn circular little groove and is placed sheet metal, and it is that sheet metal is introduced power line that little wire through-hole is left on the objective table right side.
The support of burnishing device is fixed into one by the guide rail of keyset and mounting platform.
The solenoid outer shroud of described burnishing device is with the insulation scraps of paper, and the input of solenoid links to each other with Dc low voltage power supply and produces around magnetic field, and solenoid closely is embedded in the tapered sleeve; Buff spindle passes through from the solenoid center, does not come in contact between the two.
The taper rubbing head of described buff spindle is a zigzag, when increasing rotation to the adhesive force of polishing fluid.
The tight sliding-contact of described rubbing head and insulation sleeve is to guarantee the stable nothing swing rotation of buff spindle.
Described buff spindle, sheet metal are that ferrimagnet is made, and during external dc low pressure, solenoid and buff spindle constitute electromagnet causes magnetic field to be strengthened, and buff spindle serves as negative electrode and magnetic pole; When buff spindle when being placed on workpiece on the sheet metal, sheet metal is magnetized, and is rendered as other end magnetic pole.
The base of described burnishing device, tapered sleeve are made by non-ferromagnetic matter metal material; Tapered sleeve is opened a plurality of through holes in the bottom, make the more magnetic line of force penetrate the magnetic field that is used to strengthen rubbing head.
The annulus insulator cap of described burnishing device, insulating washer are hard insulation, make the connecting rod of band negative pole and the base of band positive pole isolate.
The objective table of described mounting platform is the hard non-conductive material, and upside is drawn small cylindrical tank and placed sheet metal, and it is that sheet metal is introduced power lead that little wire through-hole is opened on the right side.
Described electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological finishing method is: based on electric current change, magnetic rheology effect, utilize ferrimagnet to serve as buff spindle, when applying dc low-voltage to solenoid, buff spindle is magnetized, constitute electromagnet with solenoid, near the magnetic field that the tip of buff spindle, produces vertical distribution; When at tapered sleeve, when the buff spindle two ends apply high direct voltage, the electric field of horizontal direction is provided, make to obtain cross(ed) field near the rubbing head; When on sheet metal, buff spindle, applying high direct voltage, obtain the electric field of vertical direction, making rubbing head neighbouring is parallel field; Emr fluid powers up outside, rheological effect takes place down in the effect in magnetic field, liquid particles becomes chain to distribute and concentrates to be attached near the rubbing head, form a kind of " small size flexible liquid rubbing head ", under the drive of spinning motor, contact and produce the relative shear campaign with surface of the work, finish the smooth, polished of small-bore aspherical mirror, shaped mirror, free form surface mirror.
The workflow of electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool of the present invention is: buff spindle is made by ferrimagnet, when on solenoid, applying the 30V Dc low voltage power supply, buff spindle is magnetized, and constitutes electromagnet with solenoid, near the magnetic field that produces vertical distribution the tip of buff spindle; If at tapered sleeve, when the buff spindle two ends apply the high direct voltage of 3000V, make tapered sleeve serve as anode, buff spindle serves as negative electrode, at this moment, operating distance is the electric field that produces horizontal direction between the tapered sleeve of 1mm and the buff spindle, like this, the electric field of the magnetic field of vertical direction and horizontal direction has constituted cross(ed) field near rubbing head; If when on sheet metal, buff spindle, applying the high direct voltage of 3000V, make sheet metal serve as anode, buff spindle serves as negative electrode, at this moment, operating distance is the electric field that can access vertical direction between the sheet metal, buff spindle of 4mm, like this, magnetic field and electric field have formed parallel field near rubbing head.Emr fluid powers up outside, under the different coupled modes in magnetic field, cause emr fluid generation rheological effect, liquid particles becomes chain to distribute and concentrates to be attached near the rubbing head, form a kind of " small size flexible liquid rubbing head ", under the drive of spinning motor, when " small size flexible liquid rubbing head " when contacting concurrent looks to shearing motion, can finish the ultra-smooth polishing of surface of the work with surface of the work.
Beneficial effect
A kind of electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool delicate structure of the present invention, material removing rate are fast, high safety, machining area is unrestricted simultaneously, it is integrated to have both positive and negative polarity, and vertically the superpose characteristic of coupling or parallel stack coupling of electric field, magnetic field energy, it is fast to have merged the electric rheological effect response speed, the advantage that the magnetorheological materials clearance is high, can realize ultra-smooth, the high accuracy manufacturing of optical element, can polish conductor material and non-conductive material, be specially adapted to the certainty processing of small-bore aspherical mirror, shaped mirror, free form surface mirror.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition diagram of a kind of electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the burnishing device basic structure front view of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the burnishing device basic structure vertical view of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the mounting platform schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the buff spindle schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the rubbing head structural profile schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the tapered sleeve generalized section of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is that the solenoid of the embodiment of the invention produces Distribution of Magnetic Field finite element simulation figure;
Fig. 9 is the parallel distribution finite element of the most advanced and sophisticated electric field of the rubbing head analogous diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the most advanced and sophisticated electric field vertical distribution of the rubbing head finite element simulation figure of the embodiment of the invention; Among the figure, the 1-spinning motor; The 2-nut; The 3-packing ring; The 4-support; The 5-keyset; The 6-shaft coupling; The 7-connecting rod; The 8-buff spindle; The 9-solenoid; 10-annulus insulator cap; The 11-base; The 12-insulating washer; The 13-tapered sleeve; The 14-insulator cap; The 15-bolt; The 16-translation motor; The 17-supporting seat; The 18-translation stage; The 19-guide rail; The 20-screw mandrel; The 21-tripod; The 22-workpiece; The 23-sheet metal; The 24-wire through-hole; The 25-objective table; The 26-hexagon socket head cap screw.
The specific embodiment
For objects and advantages of the present invention are described better, the present invention is described further below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool of the present invention is made up of burnishing device and mounting platform.
As shown in Figure 2, the burnishing device in the embodiment of the invention comprises spinning motor 1, nut 2, packing ring 3, support 4, keyset 5, shaft coupling 6, connecting rod 7, buff spindle 8, solenoid 9, annulus insulator cap 10, base 11, insulating washer 12, tapered sleeve 13, insulator cap 14.Its annexation is: spinning motor 1 is fixed on the support 4 by locating slot and screw; Buff spindle 8 is connected on the shaft coupling 6; Support 4 connects the DC high-voltage power supply negative terminal and introduces negative electrode, makes buff spindle 8 be negative pole end; Three connecting rods 7 distribute by equilateral triangle and pass support 4 nuts 2 and packing rings 3, and simultaneously, annulus insulator cap 10 firm bankings 11 are passed in connecting rod 7 lower ends; Tapered sleeve 13 is fixed on the base 11 by hexagon socket head cap screw, and base 11 connects DC high-voltage power supply and just bringing in the introducing anode, makes tapered sleeve 13 be anode tap; Buff spindle 8 passes base 11 central through holes, solenoid 9, tapered sleeve 13 central through holes and forms probe shape protruding end vertically downward; Solenoid 9 links to each other with Dc low voltage power supply and produces magnetic field; Be inserted in the cap 14 of becoming attached at tapered sleeve 13 and 8 of buff spindles.
Annulus insulator cap 10, insulating washer 12 is made for polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material, makes the connecting rod 7 of band negative pole and the base 11 of band positive pole isolate.
As shown in Figure 4, the mounting platform in the embodiment of the invention comprises translation motor 16, supporting seat 17, translation stage 18, guide rail 19, screw mandrel 20, tripod 21, workpiece 22, sheet metal 23, wire through-hole 24, objective table 25, hexagon socket head cap screw 26.Its annexation is: translation motor 16 is fixed on the translation stage 18; Translation stage 18 is installed on the supporting seat 17; Utilize tripod 21 and hexagon socket head cap screw 26 to make objective table 25 and supporting seat 17 vertical fixing; Objective table 25 upsides are drawn circular little groove and are placed sheet metal 23, and workpiece 22 places on the sheet metal 23, and objective table 25 right sides are left little wire through-hole 24 and introduced power line for sheet metal 23.
Objective table 25 is the hard non-conductive material, and upside is drawn small cylindrical tank and placed sheet metal 23, and the right side is opened little wire through-hole 24 and introduced power lead for sheet metal 23.
Shown in Fig. 5,6, buff spindle 8 adopts the ferrimagnet manufacturings, add low-voltage dc voltage after, in the solenoid 9 inner magnetic fields that produce, buff spindle 8 is magnetized by solenoid 9, at the terminal high-intensity magnetic field that produces of the taper of buff spindle 8; The taper end of buff spindle 8 is a zigzag, when increasing rotation to the adhesive force of polishing fluid.
As shown in Figure 7, tapered sleeve 13 adopts the manufacturing of non-ferromagnetic matter metal material, opens four through holes in tapered sleeve 13 bottoms, makes the more magnetic line of force can penetrate and be gathered in buff spindle 8 tips.
Fig. 8 is the finite element simulation result of Distribution of Magnetic Field feature of the present invention, and after the buff spindle of being made by ferromagnetic material 8 was magnetized, the magnetic field line direction was consistent with the axial direction of buff spindle 8.
Fig. 9,10 is the finite element simulation result of parallel electric field of the present invention and vertical electric field distribution characteristics, and intensive in buff spindle 8 most advanced and sophisticated electric field line distribution, its ability of carrying polishing fluid is the strongest.
Adopt the described electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool of present embodiment that the K9 glass material is polished, its course of work is: buff spindle is made by ferrimagnet, when on solenoid, applying the 30V Dc low voltage power supply, buff spindle is magnetized, constitute electromagnet with solenoid, near the magnetic field that the tip of buff spindle, produces vertical distribution; As if the employing electric field, when the vertical coupled stacked system in magnetic field polishes, can be at tapered sleeve, when the buff spindle two ends apply the high direct voltage of 3000V, and make tapered sleeve serve as anode, buff spindle serves as negative electrode, at this moment, operating distance is the electric field that produces horizontal direction between the tapered sleeve of 1mm and the buff spindle, like this, electric field and magnetic field superpose to be coupled near rubbing head and have constituted cross(ed) field; If when adopting the stacked system of electric field, the parallel coupling in magnetic field to polish, in the time of can on sheet metal, buff spindle, applying the high direct voltage of 3000V, and make sheet metal serve as anode, buff spindle serves as negative electrode, at this moment, operating distance is the electric field that can access vertical direction between the sheet metal, buff spindle of 4mm, like this, magnetic field and electric field superpose to be coupled near rubbing head and have constituted parallel field.Emr fluid is under the different coupled modes in extra electric field, magnetic field, cause emr fluid generation rheological effect, liquid particles becomes chain to distribute and concentrates to be attached near the rubbing head, form a kind of " small size flexible liquid rubbing head ", under the drive of spinning motor, when " small size flexible liquid rubbing head " when contacting concurrent looks to shearing motion, can finish the ultra-smooth polishing of surface of the work with surface of the work.It is integrated that electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool has both positive and negative polarity, and vertically the superpose characteristic of coupling or parallel stack coupling of electric field, magnetic field energy, it is fast to have merged the electric rheological effect response speed, the advantage that magnetorheological clearance is high, the certainty that is specially adapted to small-bore aspherical mirror, shaped mirror, free form surface mirror is processed.
Claims (10)
1. an electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool is characterized in that: be made up of burnishing device and mounting platform; Wherein burnishing device comprises spinning motor, nut, packing ring, support, keyset, shaft coupling, connecting rod, buff spindle, solenoid, annulus insulator cap, base, insulating washer, tapered sleeve, insulator cap; Annexation is: spinning motor is fixed on the support by locating slot and screw; Buff spindle is connected on the shaft coupling, rotates under the drive of spinning motor; Support connects the DC high-voltage power supply negative terminal and introduces negative electrode, makes that buff spindle is a negative pole end; Three connecting rods distribute by equilateral triangle and pass support screw and packing ring, and simultaneously, the annulus insulator cap is passed with firm banking in the connecting rod lower end; Tapered sleeve is by being bolted on the base, and base connects DC high-voltage power supply and just bringing in the introducing anode, makes that tapered sleeve is an anode tap; Buff spindle passes base central through hole, solenoid, tapered sleeve central through hole and forms probe shape protruding end vertically downward; Solenoid links to each other with Dc low voltage power supply and produces magnetic field; Between tapered sleeve and buff spindle, be inserted in insulator cap;
Mounting platform comprises translation motor, supporting seat, translation stage, guide rail, screw mandrel, tripod, sheet metal, wire through-hole, objective table, hexagon socket head cap screw; Annexation is: translation motor is fixed on the translation stage; Translation stage is installed on the supporting seat; Utilize tripod and hexagon socket head cap screw to make objective table and supporting seat vertical fixing; The objective table upside is drawn circular little groove and is placed sheet metal, and it is that sheet metal is introduced power line that little wire through-hole is left on the objective table right side.
The support of burnishing device is fixed into one by the guide rail of keyset and mounting platform.
2. a kind of electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the solenoid outer shroud of burnishing device is with the insulation scraps of paper, the input of solenoid links to each other with Dc low voltage power supply and produces around magnetic field, and solenoid closely is embedded in the tapered sleeve; Buff spindle passes through from the solenoid center, and both do not come in contact.
3. a kind of electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the taper rubbing head of buff spindle is a zigzag, when increasing rotation to the adhesive force of polishing fluid.
4. a kind of electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the tight sliding-contact of rubbing head and insulation sleeve, and to guarantee the stable nothing swing rotation of buff spindle.
5. a kind of electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: buff spindle, sheet metal are that ferrimagnet is made.
6. a kind of electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: during external dc low pressure, solenoid and buff spindle constitute electromagnet causes magnetic field to be strengthened, and buff spindle serves as negative electrode and magnetic pole; When buff spindle when being placed on workpiece on the sheet metal, sheet metal is magnetized, and is rendered as other end magnetic pole.
7. a kind of electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the base of burnishing device, and tapered sleeve is made by non-ferromagnetic matter metal material; Tapered sleeve is opened a plurality of through holes in the bottom, make the more magnetic line of force penetrate the magnetic field that is used to strengthen rubbing head.
8. a kind of electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the annulus insulator cap of burnishing device, insulating washer are hard insulation, make the connecting rod of band negative pole and the base of band positive pole isolate.
9. a kind of electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the objective table of mounting platform is the hard non-conductive material, and upside is drawn small cylindrical tank and placed sheet metal, and it is that sheet metal is introduced power lead that little wire through-hole is opened on the right side.
10. a kind of electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological polishing tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this electromagnetic coupling field-induced rheological finishing method is: based on electric current change, magnetic rheology effect, utilize ferrimagnet to serve as buff spindle, when applying dc low-voltage to solenoid, buff spindle is magnetized, constitute electromagnet with solenoid, near the magnetic field that the tip of buff spindle, produces vertical distribution; When at tapered sleeve, when the buff spindle two ends apply high direct voltage, the electric field of horizontal direction is provided, make to obtain cross(ed) field near the rubbing head; When on sheet metal, buff spindle, applying high direct voltage, obtain the electric field of vertical direction, making rubbing head neighbouring is parallel field; Emr fluid powers up outside, rheological effect takes place down in the effect in magnetic field, liquid particles becomes chain to distribute and concentrates to be attached near the rubbing head, form a kind of " small size flexible liquid rubbing head ", under the drive of spinning motor, produce the relative shear campaign with surface of the work, finish the smooth, polished of small-bore aspherical mirror, shaped mirror, free form surface mirror.
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| CN102152242A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-08-17 | 北京理工大学 | Composite motion attitude magnetic jet polishing device |
| CN102990481A (en) * | 2013-01-05 | 2013-03-27 | 长沙纳美特超精密制造技术有限公司 | Double-faced magneto-rheological polishing device and method |
| CN103447891A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2013-12-18 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Magneto-rheological high-precision positioning device and magneto-rheological removing function transformation method |
| CN103639903A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-19 | 北京理工大学 | Three-way correlation adjustment magnetic fluid processing apparatus |
| CN105666254A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-06-15 | 河南理工大学 | Controllable multi-dimensional ultrasonic ELID composite internal grinding test device |
| CN108247435A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-06 | 长春理工大学 | Increasing material manufacturing micro-channel heat exchanger inner surface abrasive flows grinding attachment and method |
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| CN110524317A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-03 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of polishing method of electromagnetic coupling polissoir and its electromagnetic coupling control state of the abrasive grain |
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| CN102152242A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-08-17 | 北京理工大学 | Composite motion attitude magnetic jet polishing device |
| CN102990481A (en) * | 2013-01-05 | 2013-03-27 | 长沙纳美特超精密制造技术有限公司 | Double-faced magneto-rheological polishing device and method |
| CN103447891A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2013-12-18 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Magneto-rheological high-precision positioning device and magneto-rheological removing function transformation method |
| CN103447891B (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | A kind of magnetorheological high-precision positioner and magnetorheological removal function conversion method |
| CN103639903A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-19 | 北京理工大学 | Three-way correlation adjustment magnetic fluid processing apparatus |
| CN105666254A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-06-15 | 河南理工大学 | Controllable multi-dimensional ultrasonic ELID composite internal grinding test device |
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| CN108247435A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-06 | 长春理工大学 | Increasing material manufacturing micro-channel heat exchanger inner surface abrasive flows grinding attachment and method |
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| CN108436748A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-08-24 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of blade edge liquid metal burnishing device |
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