CN101769659A - Heat pump type air conditioner system - Google Patents

Heat pump type air conditioner system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101769659A
CN101769659A CN200910000108A CN200910000108A CN101769659A CN 101769659 A CN101769659 A CN 101769659A CN 200910000108 A CN200910000108 A CN 200910000108A CN 200910000108 A CN200910000108 A CN 200910000108A CN 101769659 A CN101769659 A CN 101769659A
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heat exchanger
port
way change
air
over valve
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CN200910000108A
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CN101769659B (en
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梁祥飞
林华和
庄嵘
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Abstract

The invention provides a heat pump type air conditioner system. The air conditioner system comprises a compressor, a first four-way change valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a throttling device and an indoor heat exchanger, wherein the air conditioner system also comprises a second four-way change valve and a gas-liquid separator which are arranged between the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger. The heat pump type air conditioner system of the invention can reduce a pressure drop on the indoor heat exchanger side, so the number of the branches is reduced and the flow speed of a refrigerant is increased. Thus, the heat transfer coefficient of the whole system is improved.

Description

Heat pump type air conditioner system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of air-conditioning system, and relate in particular to a kind of heat pump type air conditioner system.
Background technology
Usually, in air-conditioning system, the interior flow boiling heat transfer coefficient of heat exchanger tube raises with mass velocity in the pipe, but also rising rapidly of pressure drop, thereby cause cold-producing medium and air side heat transfer temperature difference decline (when one timing of evaporator outlet pressure).If mass velocity is too high, the factor that the pressure drop increase causes the heat exchange amount to descend accounts for leading role, and then complete machine refrigerating capacity and Energy Efficiency Ratio will descend.For this reason, evaporimeter usually adopt " few advance to have more " thus multithread road design make evaporimeter in complete machine, give play to the ability and the efficiency of the best with balance heat transfer coefficient and the pressure drop relation between the two.
For the pump type heat domestic air conditioner, indoor heat exchanger and outdoor heat exchanger are respectively evaporimeter and condenser when refrigeration mode, but when heating mode, then switch to condenser and evaporimeter, thereby be not in full use when causing under the refrigeration mode best flow path designs (the branch way is more) as the indoor heat exchanger of evaporimeter under heating mode, to be used as condenser, and also be not in full use when using as evaporimeter under heating mode as the best flow path designs of the outdoor heat exchanger of condenser under the refrigeration mode and the high temperature heating condition under in addition frosting may appear.Above-mentioned contradiction causes the evaporimeter of pump type heat domestic air conditioner or condenser can only adopt comparatively compromise flow path designs, but when pursue refrigeration efficiency than the time heat to occur cold than descending, be difficult to reach GB7725-2004 " room air conditioner " limit value (specified heating capacity is not less than 1.1 times of refrigerating capacity); And when adopting tubule directly to pursue low material consumption, the tubule footpath heat exchanger that uses as evaporimeter makes that aforesaid technical contradiction is more outstanding.In addition, for detachable air conditioner, especially multi-connected air conditioner device, it is longer that indoor heat exchanger is exported to the pipeline of compressor air suction mouth, resistance loss of pipeline cause system capability and efficiency with caliber reduce descend obviously with the lengthening of pipeline, though use thicker pipeline to rise by mitigation performance fall cost.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve the aforementioned problems in the prior, and therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of novel heat pump type air conditioner system.
Heat pump type air conditioner system according to the present invention comprises: compressor, first four-way change-over valve, outdoor heat exchanger, throttling arrangement and indoor heat exchanger, wherein, described air-conditioning system also comprises second four-way change-over valve and gas-liquid separator, first port of described second four-way change-over valve is connected to an end that does not connect first four-way change-over valve of described outdoor heat exchanger, second port of described second four-way change-over valve is connected to an end of described throttling arrangement, the 3rd port of described second four-way change-over valve is connected to an end that does not connect first four-way change-over valve of described indoor heat exchanger, described second four-way change-over valve the 4th port is connected to the liquid phase outlet of described gas-liquid separator, the other end of described throttling arrangement is connected to the inlet of described gas-liquid separator, and the gaseous phase outlet of described gas-liquid separator is connected to the air entry of described compressor, wherein, described first port optionally with described second port and described the 4th port in one be communicated with, described the 3rd port optionally is communicated with in described second port and described the 4th port another.
Preferably, between the air entry of the gaseous phase outlet of described gas-liquid separator and described compressor, be connected with pressure equaliser.
Preferably, described throttling arrangement is an electric expansion valve.
Preferably, described throttling arrangement is a capillary, and herein, more preferably, described air-conditioning system also comprises assisted capillary and the check valve that is connected in parallel between described the 3rd port and the described indoor heat exchanger.
Preferably, described compressor is the multiple compressors that is arranged in parallel, and described indoor heat exchanger is many indoor heat exchangers that are arranged in parallel, and all is connected with restricting element between described the 3rd port and every indoor heat exchanger.
Preferably, the flow velocity of the gaseous refrigerant after described gas-liquid separator separates is lower than 1m/s.
Preferably, described pressure equaliser is capillary or the controlled valve element of circulation areas such as heating power expansion valve, electric expansion valve.
Preferably, described second four-way change-over valve is the liquid phase four-way change-over valve.
Preferably, described indoor heat exchanger and described outdoor heat exchanger are that finned tube exchanger, micro-channel parallel flow heat exchanger etc. have the heat exchanger of design feature along separate routes.
According to heat pump type air conditioner system of the present invention, by second four-way change-over valve and gas-liquid separator are set, make and the gas-fluid two-phase mixture of coming out from throttling arrangement can be separated into gas phase and liquid phase, and with the direct bypass of gas phase to the compressor air suction mouth, liquid phase is delivered to indoor heat exchanger, thereby has reduced the pressure drop of indoor heat exchanger side, reduced number along separate routes, improve the flow velocity of cold-producing medium in each shunt, thereby improved the heat transfer coefficient of system.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is formed the part of this specification, with helping further understand the present invention.These accompanying drawings illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and can be used for illustrating principle of the present invention with specification.In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 a schematically shows the kind of refrigeration cycle pattern according to the heat pump type air conditioner system of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 1 b schematically shows the circulation pattern that heats according to the heat pump type air conditioner system of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 a schematically shows according to the duty of second four-way change-over valve under the kind of refrigeration cycle pattern of using in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 b schematically shows according to second four-way change-over valve of using in the embodiment of the invention in the duty that heats under the circulation pattern;
Fig. 3 schematically shows the connection line figure according to the heat pump type air conditioner system of second embodiment of the invention; And
Fig. 4 schematically shows the connection line figure according to the heat pump type air conditioner system of fourth embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Reaching specific embodiment below with reference to accompanying drawings is described in detail the heat pump type air conditioner system according to invention.
Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b schematically show according to the kind of refrigeration cycle pattern of the heat pump type air conditioner system of first embodiment of the invention respectively and heat circulation pattern.Shown in Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b, heat pump type air conditioner system according to this embodiment comprises compressor 1, first (gas phase) four-way change-over valve 2, outdoor heat exchanger 3, electric expansion valve 6 and indoor heat exchanger 5, these elements are identical with element known in the state of the art, do not repeat them here.Especially, in this embodiment, this heat pump type air conditioner system also comprises second four-way change-over valve 4 and the gas-liquid separator 7 that is arranged between outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the compressor 1.Particularly, first port 41 of these second four-way change-over valve, 4 one sides is connected to outdoor heat exchanger 3, these second four-way change-over valve, 4 opposite sides have three ports, wherein, the other end that second port 42 is connected to an end of electric expansion valve 6 and this electric expansion valve 6 is connected to the arrival end of gas-liquid separator 7, the 3rd port 43 is connected to indoor heat exchanger 5, the 4th port 44 is connected to the liquid phase port of export of gas-liquid separator 7, and the gaseous phase outlet end of gas-liquid separator 7 then is connected to the air entry of compressor 1 by bypass line 11.In addition, on the bypass line 11 between the air entry of gas-liquid separator 7 and compressor 1 pressure equaliser 8 is installed, its concrete effect will be described below.Preferably, in this embodiment, second four-way change-over valve 4 is the liquid phase four-way change-over valve.
By this second four-way change-over valve 4 and gas-liquid separator 7 are set, liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant air-liquid two-phase mixture after electric expansion valve 6 throttling step-downs enters indoor heat exchanger via primary flow path 12 and carries out heat exchange, and gaseous refrigerant (quality proportion is about 20%, even higher) directly enters the air entry of compressor 1 via bypass line 11.Like this, the pressure loss of indoor heat exchanger side (indoor heat exchanger enters the mouth to the compressor air suction mouth) reduces, and the cold-producing medium branch way in the indoor heat exchanger can reduce, thereby the mass velocity in the refrigerant flow path increases, and heat transfer coefficient is improved thus.
Particularly, with reference to Fig. 1 a, it shows the kind of refrigeration cycle pattern of the heat pump type air conditioner system of this embodiment.The high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant of discharging from the exhaust outlet of compressor 1 order first port 41 and second port 42 and electric expansion valve 6 by liquid phase four-way change-over valve 4 after gas phase four-way change-over valve 2 inlet chamber external heat exchangers (as condenser) 3 total condensation enters gas-liquid separator 7, the refrigerant air-liquid two-phase mixture that throttling produces effectively separates in gas-liquid separator 7, the gaseous refrigerant of separating from upper gaseous phase outlet flow out and after pressure equaliser 8 step-downs bypass to the air entry of compressor 1, the liquid refrigerant of separating flows out and four port 44 and three port 43 and the primary flow path 12 of order by liquid phase four-way change-over valve 4 enters indoor heat exchanger (evaporimeter) 5 from the bottom liquid phase outlet of gas-liquid separator 7, final evaporation fully enters compressor after gas phase four-way change-over valve 2 enters after the air entry of compressor 1 and the gaseous refrigerant in bypass flow path 11 converge, and be compressed the back of boosting as the exhaust outlet discharge of high temperature and high pressure gas, thereby finishing a refrigeration mode circulation from compressor 1.The duty of liquid phase four-way change-over valve is shown in Fig. 2 a under the refrigeration mode.
Shown in Fig. 1 b, after the 2 energising commutations of gas phase four-way change-over valve, promptly enter and heat circulation pattern.At this moment, liquid phase four-way change-over valve 4 changes the height pressure differential that causes according to refrigerant flow direction and commutates voluntarily, and its duty is converted to the state shown in Fig. 2 b.Under the heating mode, the gaseous refrigerant of discharging from the exhaust outlet of compressor 1 enters indoor heat exchanger (as condenser) 5 total condensation after three port 43 and second port 42 and the electric expansion valve 6 of primary flow path 12 orders by liquid phase four-way change-over valve 4 enters gas-liquid separator 7 through gas phase four-way change-over valve 2.The refrigerant air-liquid two-phase mixture that throttling produces effectively separates in gas-liquid separator 7, the gaseous refrigerant gas of separating is from upper gaseous phase outlet outflow and through the air entry of pressure equaliser 8 bypass to compressor 1, the liquid refrigerant of separating flows out and passes through in proper order the 4th port 44 and first port, the 41 inlet chamber external heat exchangers (as evaporimeter) 3 of liquid phase four-way change-over valve 4 from the bottom liquid phase outlet of gas-liquid separator 7, fully the evaporation enter compressor 1 after gas phase four-way change-over valve 2 enters the air entry and the gaseous refrigerant in bypass flow path 11 of compressor 1, and, heat circulation thereby finish one being compressed the back exhaust outlet discharge of boosting from compressor 1.
In an embodiment according to the present invention, second four-way change-over valve 4 adopts the liquid phase four-way change-over valve, need not automatically controlled signal when commutation, can change the height pressure that causes according to refrigerant flow direction and change and automatic reverse.In the liquid phase four-way change-over valve, need not to design solenoid and preceding pilot valve, thus structurally simpler and volume is littler than gas phase four-way change-over valve.
In this embodiment, pressure equaliser 8 can be such as the less pipeline of internal diameter capillaceous, also can be the controlled valve element of actual internal area.The effect of pressure equaliser is to the gaseous refrigerant step-down that goes out via gas-liquid separator separates, enters to prevent liquid refrigerant, and the pressure drop of liquid refrigerant in gaseous refrigerant and the primary flow path in the balance bypass flow path, make system stable.
When pressure equaliser adopts such as small-bore tubing capillaceous road, its internal diameter and Design of length satisfy following condition: under the situation that system moves under design conditions, the gas-liquid two-phase mix refrigerant is after separating fully, and the overall presure drop of bypass flow path (from gas-liquid separator through bypass flow path to the compressor air suction mouth) and primary flow path (gas-liquid separator inside through indoor heat exchanger to the compressor air suction mouth) overall presure drop equates.Because the dynamic viscosity of gaseous refrigerant is much smaller than the dynamic viscosity of liquid refrigerant, therefore, when under off-design behaviour, moving, if entering part liquid refrigerant in the bypass flow path, then the bypass flow path resistance will enlarge markedly, thereby cause primary flow path liquid communication amount to increase; Otherwise if primary flow path entering part gaseous refrigerant, then the primary flow path resistance also will increase, thereby cause bypass flow path gas communication amount to increase.That is has certain self-regulating function when, pressure equaliser adopts the small-bore tubing road.
Though adopt the small-bore tubing road to have certain self-regulating function as pressure equaliser, adjustable range is broad inadequately.For the bigger occasion of adjustable range, can adopt the controlled valve element of actual internal area as pressure equaliser, the control method of this valve element is very simple: the difference of getting 2 temperature that lay respectively at the pressure equaliser upstream and downstream on the bypass flow path is as the control input parameter, when the bypass flow path operate as normal, the temperature difference be zero or for negative value (promptly, upstream temperature is lower than downstream temperature), need not this moment to regulate; When bypass flow path entering part liquid refrigerant, the temperature difference is on the occasion of (that is, upstream temperature is higher than downstream temperature), and need turn the actual internal area of valve down this moment; When primary flow path entering part gaseous refrigerant, the increase of primary flow path resistance causes bypass flow path gas communication amount to increase automatically, thereby need not to regulate.Certainly, also can adopt the principle of heating power expansion valve to control automatically, when the downstream temperature of bypass flow path descends, turn the aperture of valve automatically down.
Gas-liquid separator 7 not only needs the effective separation of gaseous refrigerant in the cold-producing medium two-phase mixture after the throttling but also needs as far as possible little internal volume to reduce refrigerant charge and systematic jitters.The gas flow rate that the long-pending design of the inner section of gas-liquid separator 7 will be satisfied after the separation is lower than 1m/s, and reaching the effect of effective separation, and the ratio of the internal height of its column-shaped internal section and internal diameter is between 3~5.Cold-producing medium two phase flow mixture is incorporated into the inwall of gas-liquid separator along horizontal tangential, consume the part momentum of the fluid that becomes a mandarin fast by wall friction power, and the effect of abutment surface tension force makes partially liq attached on the internal face and separate, and all the other liquid separate automatically by the gravity effect.
When adopting present technique invention scheme,, the indoor heat exchanger stream make indoor heat exchanger have higher heat exchange property relatively when using as condenser thereby can more approachingly being used for the optimum stream of condenser separately.In addition, cold-producing medium mass dryness fraction extremely low (ideally a small amount of flash gas and a small amount of gas sum that only causes) owing to the indoor heat exchanger porch because of evaporating along the journey heat absorption for the pressure drop of gas-liquid separator along primary flow path to evaporator inlet, the shunting way reduces, thereby the diverter designs of indoor heat exchanger inlet is simpler, and shunting effect also can significantly improve.
Fig. 3 shows the connection line according to the heat pump type air conditioner system of second embodiment of the invention.In this embodiment, throttling arrangement is not to adopt electric expansion valve but employing capillary (can save cost).Particularly, main capillary 6 ' is connected between the inlet of second port 42 of liquid phase four-way change-over valve 4 and gas-liquid separator 7, assisted capillary 9 is connected between the 3rd port 43 and indoor heat exchanger 5 of liquid phase four-way change-over valve 4, and check valve 10 is in parallel with assisted capillary 9, thereby realizes kind of refrigeration cycle pattern and the smooth conversion that heats circulation pattern.
The method of operation of the heat pump type air conditioner system of this second embodiment and first embodiment's is basic identical, the main distinction is: under refrigeration mode, the liquid refrigerant of separating through gas-liquid separator 7 passes through the 4th port 43 and the 3rd port 43 and the check valve 10 of liquid phase four-way change-over valve 4 in proper order from the bottom liquid phase outlet of gas-liquid separator 7, and enters indoor heat exchanger (as evaporimeter) 5 through primary flow path 12; Under heating mode, the gaseous refrigerant of discharging from compressor 1 outlet is entering indoor heat exchanger (as condenser) 5 total condensation after primary flow path 12, assisted capillary 9, and order enters gas-liquid separator 7 by the 3rd port 43 and second port 42 of liquid phase four-way change-over valve 4.
Fig. 4 shows the connection line according to the heat pump type air conditioner system of third embodiment of the invention.The heat pump type air conditioner system of this embodiment is multi-joint system, comprising many compressors that are connected in parallel 1 (shown in the figure two) and many indoor heat exchangers that are connected in parallel 5 (shown in the figure three) are arranged, and (that is, between the 3rd port 43 and indoor heat exchanger 5) all is connected with the restricting element 13 such as electric expansion valve before every indoor heat exchanger 5.The refrigeration of multi-joint system and heat the circulation with individual system similar, do not repeat them here.
Can improve refrigeration and heating capacity and Energy Efficiency Ratio simultaneously according to heat pump type air conditioner system of the present invention, also can improve the hot cold ratio of high energy efficiency type, and the shunting effect of indoor heat exchanger inlet cold-producing medium also significantly improves.
In heat pump type air conditioner system according to the present invention, outdoor heat exchanger and indoor heat exchanger can be finned tube exchangers, also can be micro-channel parallel flow heat exchanger or other forms of heat exchanger, these heat exchangers have the characteristics that the stream number is less or flow process is long on stream.
Although describe embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, should be appreciated that under the situation that does not break away from the scope of the invention and spirit, those skilled in the relevant art can make variations and modifications, all changes and modification all are intended to be comprised by claims.

Claims (10)

1. heat pump type air conditioner system, comprise: compressor (1), first four-way change-over valve (2), outdoor heat exchanger (3), throttling arrangement and indoor heat exchanger (5), it is characterized in that, described air-conditioning system also comprises second four-way change-over valve (4) and gas-liquid separator (7), first port (41) of described second four-way change-over valve (4) is connected to an end of described first four-way change-over valve of not connection (2) of described outdoor heat exchanger (3), second port (42) of described second four-way change-over valve (4) is connected to an end of described throttling arrangement, the 3rd port (43) of described second four-way change-over valve (4) is connected to an end of described first four-way change-over valve of not connection (2) of described indoor heat exchanger (5), described second four-way change-over valve (4) the 4th port (44) is connected to the liquid phase outlet of described gas-liquid separator (7), the other end of described throttling arrangement is connected to the inlet of described gas-liquid separator (7), and the gaseous phase outlet of described gas-liquid separator (7) is connected to the air entry of described compressor (1), wherein, described first port (41) optionally with described second port (42) and described the 4th port (44) in one be communicated with, described the 3rd port (43) optionally is communicated with in described second port (42) and described the 4th port (44) another.
2. air-conditioning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described second four-way change-over valve (4) is the liquid phase four-way change-over valve.
3. air-conditioning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is connected with pressure equaliser (8) between the air entry of the gaseous phase outlet of described gas-liquid separator (7) and described compressor (1).
4. air-conditioning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described throttling arrangement is an electric expansion valve.
5. air-conditioning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described throttling arrangement is a capillary.
6. air-conditioning system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described air-conditioning system also comprises assisted capillary (9) and the check valve (10) that is connected in parallel between described the 3rd port (43) and the described indoor heat exchanger (5).
7. air-conditioning system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is characterized in that, described compressor is the multiple compressors that is arranged in parallel, many the indoor heat exchangers of described indoor heat exchanger (5) for being arranged in parallel, and between described the 3rd port (43) and every indoor heat exchanger, all be connected with restricting element (13).
8. air-conditioning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the flow velocity of the gaseous refrigerant after described gas-liquid separator (7) separates is lower than 1m/s.
9. air-conditioning system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described pressure equaliser (8) is capillary or the controlled valve element of circulation area, and this controlled valve element comprises heating power expansion valve, electric expansion valve.
10. air-conditioning system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described indoor heat exchanger and described outdoor heat exchanger are to have the heat exchanger of design feature along separate routes, and this heat exchanger with shunt design feature comprises finned tube exchanger, micro-channel parallel flow heat exchanger.
CN200910000108XA 2009-01-05 2009-01-05 Heat pump type air conditioner system Active CN101769659B (en)

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Cited By (7)

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CN105588358A (en) * 2014-11-13 2016-05-18 海信(山东)空调有限公司 Air supplementing and enthalpy increasing air conditioner system and air conditioner
CN105928244A (en) * 2016-06-24 2016-09-07 海信(山东)空调有限公司 Air conditioner refrigerant circulating system, air conditioner and air conditioner control method
CN106052182A (en) * 2016-07-11 2016-10-26 江苏省邮电规划设计院有限责任公司 Microchannel heat pump loop
CN106123387A (en) * 2016-07-11 2016-11-16 南京师范大学 A kind of micro channel heat pump loop evaporating preposition gas-liquid separation device
CN106152588A (en) * 2015-04-21 2016-11-23 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Low-temp. spraying enthalpy unit
CN113465217A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-10-01 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 Refrigeration system and control method for refrigeration system
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CN1247945C (en) * 2003-07-08 2006-03-29 浙江大学 Low temperature heat source heat pump system and its capacity regulating method
CN100386580C (en) * 2006-04-11 2008-05-07 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Heat pump air conditioner system and its steam jet control device and method
CN201122030Y (en) * 2007-11-17 2008-09-24 广东美的电器股份有限公司 Multi-connection type thermal pump air conditioner system
CN100523652C (en) * 2008-01-11 2009-08-05 东南大学 Air source solution type heat pump device
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CN105588358A (en) * 2014-11-13 2016-05-18 海信(山东)空调有限公司 Air supplementing and enthalpy increasing air conditioner system and air conditioner
CN106152588A (en) * 2015-04-21 2016-11-23 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Low-temp. spraying enthalpy unit
CN105928244A (en) * 2016-06-24 2016-09-07 海信(山东)空调有限公司 Air conditioner refrigerant circulating system, air conditioner and air conditioner control method
CN106052182A (en) * 2016-07-11 2016-10-26 江苏省邮电规划设计院有限责任公司 Microchannel heat pump loop
CN106123387A (en) * 2016-07-11 2016-11-16 南京师范大学 A kind of micro channel heat pump loop evaporating preposition gas-liquid separation device
CN106123387B (en) * 2016-07-11 2018-08-17 南京师范大学 A kind of micro channel heat pump loop of the preposition gas-liquid separation device of evaporation
CN106052182B (en) * 2016-07-11 2019-03-29 中通服咨询设计研究院有限公司 A kind of micro channel heat pump loop
CN113465217A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-10-01 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 Refrigeration system and control method for refrigeration system
CN115468329A (en) * 2022-09-13 2022-12-13 约克广州空调冷冻设备有限公司 Heat pump system
CN115468329B (en) * 2022-09-13 2023-10-13 约克广州空调冷冻设备有限公司 heat pump system

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