CN101768508A - Ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field microalgae wall breaking biodiesel preparation equipment - Google Patents
Ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field microalgae wall breaking biodiesel preparation equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN101768508A CN101768508A CN201010110577A CN201010110577A CN101768508A CN 101768508 A CN101768508 A CN 101768508A CN 201010110577 A CN201010110577 A CN 201010110577A CN 201010110577 A CN201010110577 A CN 201010110577A CN 101768508 A CN101768508 A CN 101768508A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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Abstract
The invention relates to ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field microalgae wall breaking biodiesel preparation equipment which belongs to application technologies of ultrahigh voltage pulse electric fields and solves the problem of high manufacture cost of the traditional microalgae cell wall breaking equipment. The equipment comprises a transformer, a voltage doubling circuit, a rotating type ultrahigh voltage pulse switch and a coaxial fluid processing cavity, wherein a transformer secondary coil is connected in series with the voltage doubling circuit, the rotating type ultrahigh voltage pulse switch and the coaxial fluid processing cavity; and the voltage doubling circuit is formed by connecting a plurality of stages of building block type voltage doubling units in series. When in use, the fluid containing microalgae is filled from a water inlet pipe and discharged from a water outlet pipe; and when the fluid flows through a discharge clearance, the ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field carries out wall breakage processing on the microalgae, thereby extracting biodiesel.
Description
Technical field
This creativity and innovation belongs to the utilisation technology of ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field, is mainly used in the industry of utilizing little algae production biofuel, and large-scale broken wall treatment was specifically related to a kind of ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field microalgae wall breaking biodiesel preparation apparatus during little algae was carried out.
Background technology
Along with producing the development of diesel oil Study on Technology, utilize little algae production biofuel to become a direction of biofuel research, to from little algae, extract biofuel on a large scale, at first need to solve the cell walls wall breaking technology problem of little algae, utilize physical method to handle the advantage that little algae has environmental protection.In the prior art, a kind of powerful collision of high-velocity fluid particulate that utilizes is disclosed, form huge mechanicals efforts, finish the heavy wall of broken microalgae cell, the velocity of sound that this technology will make little algae material obtain more than 3 times sprays fast, the working condition harshness, manufacturing cost is high, is difficult to enter low cost production in enormous quantities.
Summary of the invention
Because the individuality of little algae is very little, generally at micron order, if can on this little individuality, apply strength of electric field greater than 36 volts/microns, promptly produce the potential gradient of 360kV/cm, the permeability of cell membrane of little algae is increased, allow membrane perforation, reach the purpose of broken wall.For solving in the prior art, utilize the powerful collision of high-velocity fluid particulate, broken microalgae cell wall, the working condition harshness, the problem that manufacturing cost is high the invention provides a kind of ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field microalgae wall breaking biodiesel preparation apparatus, and its embodiment is as follows:
The ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field microalgae wall breaking biodiesel preparation apparatus, this biodiesel preparation equipment is made of transformer, voltage double circuit, rotary super-high pressure pulse switch and coaxial-type fluid handling cavity; Transformer secondary output coil and voltage double circuit, rotary super-high pressure pulse switch, coaxial-type fluid handling cavity are connected in series mutually;
Described voltage double circuit adopts some grades of superimposed being formed by connecting of cord wood multiplication of voltage units in series, every grade of multiplication of voltage unit is by major and minor electrical condenser group, with major and minor diode group, be formed by connecting, wherein major and minor electrical condenser group, being connected in series by a plurality of electrical condensers forms, major and minor diode group, being connected in series by a plurality of diodes forms, and the tail end of main capacitor bank is connected with the anode of main diode group, and the negative electrode of main diode group is connected with the head end of secondary electrical condenser group; The negative electrode of secondary diode group is connected with the anode of main diode group, and the negative electrode of secondary diode group is connected with the tail end of secondary electrical condenser group;
Adjacent two-stage multiplication of voltage unit, the head end of the unitary main capacitor bank of back one-level multiplication of voltage is connected with the tail end of the unitary main capacitor bank of previous stage multiplication of voltage, and the head end of the unitary secondary electrical condenser group of back one-level multiplication of voltage is connected with the tail end of the unitary secondary electrical condenser group of previous stage multiplication of voltage;
The head end of the unitary main capacitor bank of elementary multiplication of voltage is connected with the high-end of transformer secondary output coil, and the head end of the unitary secondary electrical condenser group of elementary multiplication of voltage is connected with the low side of transformer secondary output coil and ground connection;
The tail end of the unitary secondary electrical condenser group of final stage multiplication of voltage is connected with the bottom tip conductor that insulation is provided with in the casing;
In the insulation casing rotary super-high pressure pulse switch is arranged, described super-high pressure pulse switch comprises by the middle part sharp-point conductor in the rotating shaft of decelerator driven rotary, the insulation casing is equipped with immobilized bottom tip conductor and top sharp-point conductor in the corresponding position up and down, between middle part sharp-point conductor and bottom tip conductor and the top sharp-point conductor puncture gap is arranged;
Described coaxial-type fluid handling cavity comprises the fluid cavity of hollow, fluid cavity has water inlet pipe and rising pipe, current conducting rod penetrates in the fluid cavity vertically, between current conducting rod and the fluid cavity contact site insulation shaft seal is arranged, be positioned on the current conducting rod at fluid cavity middle part the discharge head of diameter greater than the circular shaft shape of current conducting rod diameter arranged, the insulation shaft seal extends to the discharge head place, fluid cavity has and is being discharge envelope cylindraceous near the discharge head place, has discharging gap between discharge head and the discharge envelope, current conducting rod is connected with the top sharp-point conductor that insulation is provided with in the casing, and fluid cavity connects with the low side of transformer secondary output coil.
By water pump the fluid that contains little algae is fed from the fluid cavity water inlet pipe during use, and it is discharged from rising pipe, when the discharging gap between fluid process discharge head and the discharge envelope, intermittently the ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field of moment output carries out the microalgae wall breaking processing with regard to convection cell, can be by broken wall equipment of the present invention with microalgae wall breaking, the biologically active substance that is rich in fat in little algae is discharged, thereby therefrom extract biofuel.
Required powerful super-high pressure pulse is conveniently obtained in a kind of employing tandem of the present invention formula producer (8-30 level multiplication of voltage) and rotational method, this pulse obtains because of adopting rotational method, the characteristics of have ultra-high voltage (200KV-1000KV), high-power (5KW-500KW), leading edge of impulse is precipitous, pulse-repetition is low (0.1Hz-30Hz) and action time is extremely short, explosion effect makes microalgae cell membrane disposable perforation, broken wall it.
This creativity and innovation principle of work is: transformer is pressed in producing one earlier, again by 100-100000 electrical condenser group and diode group, should middlely press further to raise and stored charge.Electrical condenser adopts the homemade electrical condenser of low price to be in series, thereby has reduced cost of manufacture significantly.The pulsed electrical field that the present invention produced is precipitous because of leading edge of impulse, and explosion effect is good, and breakdown capability is strong, and pulsed electrical field is short discharge time, and energy consumption is low.
Rotary super-high pressure pulse switch adopts dynamic rotational method, driving two by decelerator rotates (four) sharp-point conductor, when the bottom tip conductor of corresponding position fixed static and top sharp-point conductor on the middle part sharp-point conductor of rotation and the insulated case mutually near the time, high-voltage switch gear is connected, rotary super-high pressure pulse switch abrupt release ultra-high voltage electric charge obtains powerful pulsed current.Pulsed current is sent into the coaxial-type dynamic fluid by lead and is handled on the plate conductor of cavity, discharging gap zone between discharge head and discharge envelope forms ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field, ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field sparks in this gap, the then breakdown broken wall of little algae of anode and negative electrode gap location in this cavity of flowing through.When fixed conductor left mutually on the conductor of rotary super-high pressure pulse switch and the insulated case, switch disconnected, and finishes a pulse process.Pulse width can be changed by the distance of regulating between middle part sharp-point conductor and bottom tip conductor and the top sharp-point conductor, the frequency of pulse can be changed by the rotating speed of regulating electric motor.Obviously, this mechanical switch can solve the switch problem of ultra-high voltage, big electric current effectively, reduces thousands of times compared with the cost of thyristor switch technology.
It is simple that the rotary pulsed electric field microalgae wall breaking biodiesel of this creativity and innovation ultra-high voltage production technology has a device structure, during processing and fabricating accuracy requirement not high, easy to implement, it is with low cost.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:
Fig. 1 is the front view of ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field microalgae wall breaking biodiesel preparation apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field microalgae wall breaking biodiesel preparation apparatus as shown in Figure 1, this biodiesel preparation equipment is selected four high voltage electric field columns (only showing being connected of one of them high voltage electric field column and external device (ED) among the figure) for use, each high voltage electric field column all with rotary super-high pressure pulse switch 4, coaxial-type fluid handling cavity 3 is connected in series mutually, each high voltage electric field column connects into many voltage double circuits 1 by five casees electrical condensers and 12 string diodes, voltage is further raise and store these high voltage electricities, wherein every case electrical condenser has 120 electrical condensers, and every string diode has 50 diodes;
Described many voltage double circuits 1 adopt superimposed being formed by connecting of Pyatyi cord wood multiplication of voltage unit 100 series connection, every grade of multiplication of voltage unit 100 is by the master, secondary electrical condenser group 111,112 and main, secondary diode group 121,122 are formed by connecting, wherein main, secondary electrical condenser group 111,112 are connected in series by each electrical condenser in every case electrical condenser forms, main, secondary diode group 121,122 are connected in series by each diode in every string diode forms, the tail end 102 of main capacitor bank is connected with the anode of main diode group 121, and the negative electrode of main diode group 121 is connected with the head end 104 of secondary electrical condenser group; The negative electrode of secondary diode group 122 is connected with the anode of main diode group 111, and the negative electrode of secondary diode group 122 is connected with the tail end 103 of secondary electrical condenser group;
Adjacent two-stage multiplication of voltage unit, the head end of the unitary main capacitor bank of back one-level multiplication of voltage is connected with the tail end of the unitary main capacitor bank of previous stage multiplication of voltage, and the head end of the unitary secondary electrical condenser group of back one-level multiplication of voltage is connected with the tail end of the unitary secondary electrical condenser group of previous stage multiplication of voltage;
The head end of the unitary main capacitor bank of elementary multiplication of voltage is connected with high-end 22 of transformer secondary output coil, and the head end of the unitary secondary electrical condenser group of elementary multiplication of voltage is connected with the low side 23 of transformer secondary output coil and ground connection;
The tail end of the unitary secondary electrical condenser group of final stage multiplication of voltage is connected with the bottom tip conductor 41 of setting in the insulation casing 40;
In the insulation casing 40 rotary super-high pressure pulse switch 4 is arranged, described super-high pressure pulse switch 4 comprises by a pair of middle part sharp-point conductor 43 in the rotating shaft 46 of decelerator 45 driven rotary, the insulation casing is equipped with immobilized bottom tip conductor 41 and top sharp-point conductor 42 in the corresponding position about in the of 40, and the gap 44 of puncture is arranged between middle part sharp-point conductor 43 and bottom tip conductor 41 and the top sharp-point conductor 42;
When the middle part sharp-point conductor 43 of rotation and insulation casing 40 about matched position fixed bottom tip conductor 41 and top sharp-point conductor 42 mutually near the time, discharge simultaneously in two pairs of tips, the high-voltage switch gear connection; When leaving, switch disconnects, and finishes the forming process of pulse, and the distance of regulating middle part sharp-point conductor 43 and bottom tip conductor 41 and top sharp-point conductor 42 can change pulse width, and the rotating speed of regulating electric motor can change the frequency of pulse;
For example: when the output high pressure was 260kv, puncturing the gap was below the 8.67cm;
Described coaxial-type fluid handling cavity 3 comprises the fluid cavity 33 of hollow, fluid cavity 33 has water inlet pipe 35 and rising pipe 34, current conducting rod 31 penetrates in the fluid cavity 33 vertically, insulation shaft seal 38 is arranged between current conducting rod 31 and fluid cavity 33 contacts site, be positioned on the current conducting rod 31 at fluid cavity 33 middle parts the discharge head 32 of diameter greater than the circular shaft shape of current conducting rod 31 diameters arranged, insulation shaft seal 38 extends to discharge head 32 places, fluid cavity 33 has and is being discharge envelope 37 cylindraceous near discharge head 32 places, has discharging gap 36 between discharge head 32 and the discharge envelope 37, current conducting rod 31 is connected with the top sharp-point conductor 42 of setting in the insulation casing 40, and fluid cavity 33 connects with the low side 23 of transformer secondary output coil.
The processing of particular problem in the invention process:
(1) selection of Transformers: when design power was 5KVA, the step-down transformer that can buy 1 11KV/5KVA turned around with getting final product; When design power was 10KVA, if can't buy the single phase transformer of 10KVA, the step-down transformer that can buy 2 11KV/5KVA was by the homopolarity parallel connection; If design power during greater than 20KVA, then should be used the three-phase voltage double circuit.
(2) electrical condenser of the selection of electrical condenser: 400uF/450V, 5 yuan/of wholesale market prices, the design withstand voltage of each case electrical condenser should can guarantee to puncture the whole security in back in individual capacitors like this greater than actual voltage value.For example, when selecting the transformer of 11KV for use, the virtual voltage peak value is
The design withstand voltage is 450V * 120=54KV.Capacitance after 120 electrical condensers are connected is C=400uF/120=3.75uF, and capacity can meet the demands.
(3) making of each case electrical condenser: for resolving Insulation Problems, casing is made of insulating material, and insulating material can be used timber, but can not be fastening with iron nail.Each electrical condenser must put with insulation paper in the case, and should have insulating material to separate between layer and the layer.Between case and the case certain distance should be arranged.
(4) diode of the selection of diode: 1A/1000V, optional 1N4007,0.1 yuan/of wholesale market price.
This creativity and innovation is implemented design flow rate of flow of fluid 0.2 meter per second, 4 hertz of pulse-repetitioies, and 5 centimetres of anode length, 6 millimeters of discharging gaps, pulse potential gradient 430 kv/cm, 600 liters/hour of little algae treatment capacities, the electricity charge are 0.02 yuan/liter.
Claims (4)
1. ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field microalgae wall breaking biodiesel preparation apparatus is characterized in that: this biodiesel preparation equipment is made of transformer (2), voltage double circuit (1), rotary super-high pressure pulse switch (4) and coaxial-type fluid handling cavity (3); Transformer secondary output coil (21) is connected in series mutually with voltage double circuit (1), rotary super-high pressure pulse switch (4), coaxial-type fluid handling cavity (3);
Described voltage double circuit (1) adopts superimposed being formed by connecting of some grades of cord wood multiplication of voltage unit (100) series connection, every grade of multiplication of voltage unit (100) is by the master, secondary electrical condenser group (111,112) and main, secondary diode group (121,122) be formed by connecting, wherein main, secondary electrical condenser group (111,112) be connected in series by a plurality of electrical condensers and form, main, secondary diode group (121,122) be connected in series by a plurality of diodes and form, the tail end of main capacitor bank (102) is connected with the anode of main diode group (121), and the negative electrode of main diode group (121) is connected with the head end (104) of secondary electrical condenser group; The negative electrode of secondary diode group (122) is connected with the anode of main diode group (111), and the negative electrode of secondary diode group (122) is connected with the tail end (103) of secondary electrical condenser group;
Adjacent two-stage multiplication of voltage unit, the head end of the unitary main capacitor bank of back one-level multiplication of voltage is connected with the tail end of the unitary main capacitor bank of previous stage multiplication of voltage, and the head end of the unitary secondary electrical condenser group of back one-level multiplication of voltage is connected with the tail end of the unitary secondary electrical condenser group of previous stage multiplication of voltage;
The head end of the unitary main capacitor bank of elementary multiplication of voltage is connected with high-end (22) of transformer secondary output coil, and the head end of the unitary secondary electrical condenser group of elementary multiplication of voltage is connected with the low side (23) of transformer secondary output coil and ground connection;
The tail end of the unitary secondary electrical condenser group of final stage multiplication of voltage is connected with the bottom tip conductor (41) of setting in the insulation casing (40);
In the insulation casing (40) rotary super-high pressure pulse switch (4) is arranged, described super-high pressure pulse switch (4) comprises by the middle part sharp-point conductor (43) in the rotating shaft (46) of decelerator (45) driven rotary, insulation casing (40) is equipped with immobilized bottom tip conductor (41) and top sharp-point conductor (42) in the corresponding position up and down, between middle part sharp-point conductor (43) and bottom tip conductor (41) and the top sharp-point conductor (42) puncture gap (44) is arranged;
Described coaxial-type fluid handling cavity (3) comprises the fluid cavity (33) of hollow, fluid cavity (33) has water inlet pipe (35) and rising pipe (34), current conducting rod (31) penetrates in the fluid cavity (33) vertically, between current conducting rod (31) and fluid cavity (33) contact site insulation shaft seal (38) is arranged, be positioned on the current conducting rod (31) at fluid cavity (33) middle part the discharge head (32) of diameter greater than the circular shaft shape of current conducting rod (31) diameter arranged, insulation shaft seal (38) extends to discharge head (32) and locates, fluid cavity (33) is discharge envelope cylindraceous (37) locating to have near discharge head (32), has discharging gap (36) between discharge head (32) and the discharge envelope (37), current conducting rod (31) is connected with the top sharp-point conductor (42) of setting in the insulation casing (40), and fluid cavity (33) connects with the low side (23) of transformer secondary output coil.
2. ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field microalgae wall breaking biodiesel preparation apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the major and minor electrical condenser group (111 in described every grade of multiplication of voltage unit (100), 112) electrical condenser that is 3.75uF by 100-100000 withstand voltage is connected in series and forms, major and minor diode group (121,122) in every grade of multiplication of voltage unit (100) is connected in series by the diode of 100-100000 1A/1000V and forms.
3. ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field microalgae wall breaking biodiesel preparation apparatus according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described voltage double circuit (1) adopts superimposed being formed by connecting of 8-30 level cord wood multiplication of voltage unit (100) series connection.
4. ultrahigh voltage pulse electric field microalgae wall breaking biodiesel preparation apparatus according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the discharging gap (36) between described discharge head (32) and the discharge envelope (37) is 6 millimeters; Middle part sharp-point conductor (43) in the rotating shaft (46) on the described super-high pressure pulse switch (4) has two pairs, and the puncture gap (44) between middle part sharp-point conductor (43) and bottom tip conductor (41) and the top sharp-point conductor (42) is 8.67cm.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102871369A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-16 | 陈卫峰 | Shoe cabinet with drying function |
CN104762293A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-07-08 | 深圳市深港产学研环保工程技术股份有限公司 | High-voltage pulse electric field assisted pretreatment method for microalga grease extraction |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN2659875Y (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2004-12-01 | 周永才 | Alga killing and sterilizing machine using high voltage rotary pulse electric field |
CN1786148A (en) * | 2004-12-10 | 2006-06-14 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Wall breaking method of microalgae cell |
CN201626950U (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-11-10 | 周永才 | Equipment for preparing biodiesel by ultra-high voltage pulse electric-field microalgae wall-breaking method |
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2010
- 2010-02-10 CN CN201010110577A patent/CN101768508A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN2659875Y (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2004-12-01 | 周永才 | Alga killing and sterilizing machine using high voltage rotary pulse electric field |
CN1786148A (en) * | 2004-12-10 | 2006-06-14 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Wall breaking method of microalgae cell |
CN201626950U (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-11-10 | 周永才 | Equipment for preparing biodiesel by ultra-high voltage pulse electric-field microalgae wall-breaking method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102871369A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-16 | 陈卫峰 | Shoe cabinet with drying function |
CN104762293A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-07-08 | 深圳市深港产学研环保工程技术股份有限公司 | High-voltage pulse electric field assisted pretreatment method for microalga grease extraction |
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Application publication date: 20100707 |