A kind of center shaft type electromobile motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric vehicle motor, particularly relate to the mid-motor of a kind of axis with electric motor car as driving shaft.
Background technology
In the daily life, electric bicycle that we are common or electro-tricycle, its used motor are generally wheel hub motor or are mid-motor.Wherein, wheel hub motor is generally by front-wheel or rear wheel drive, and motor is installed in the axle core place of the front-wheel or the trailing wheel of electric bicycle or tricycle, and front and back wheel need adopt whole wheel rim or spoke establishment, solid wheel is yielding after motor is installed, spoke is easily broken, because wheel hub motor is directly installed on front-wheel or trailing wheel axis, the driving torque of motor is little, efficient is low, and the configuration center of gravity of wheel hub motor is in the center of vehicle, makes the poor stability of vehicle; Mid-motor generally is installed in the electric bicycle centre position, from structure with technically have more performance than wheel hub motor, but, mid-motor is non-hub-type, be difficult for installing with respect to the hub-type motor, and, existing mid-motor is not to be directly installed on the axis (being the pedal spindle of electric motor car), the motor shaft of mid-motor can not replace axis, motor shaft need pass through transmission device (as chain+flywheel) transmission and give trailing wheel, make motor complicated integral structure, volume and weight big, reliable transmission and transmission efficiency are subjected to the restriction of gearing structure.
At the problem of above-mentioned existence, in order to improve motor performance, people improve existing electric vehicle motor structure, particularly at mid-motor, the axis of electric motor car directly as the motor shaft of mid-motor, have been simplified the structure of mid-motor.If any the patent No. be the Chinese utility model " electric vehicle altogether in the mid-motor of shaft type " of ZL200520097957.9 disclose a kind of electric vehicle altogether in the mid-motor of shaft type, this motor comprises casing, the rotor that also has motor in the casing, the centre wheel of planetary assembly, the pawl wheel of chain wheel assembly all are contained on the mid-axle.But, what the motor of this patent adopted is outer-rotor structure, and the transmission that realizes Motor torque of the clutch by ratchet and platen seat with separate, assembly structure is compact inadequately, machine volume is bigger, and, the arrangement of clutch that ratchet and platen seat are formed is when motor is in motor-operated running state, foot-operated power breaks away from, vehicle relies on driven by power fully, foot-operated can't work simultaneously, and when adopting the foot-operated powered vehicle of manpower to advance, the driven by power of motor breaks away from, vehicle then relies on the manpower pedal-driven fully, therefore, the electric vehicle motor of this patent can only be worked under electronic or foot-operated wherein a kind of state, can't realize the power stack at electronic and foot-operated state of working simultaneously, make that the energy consumption of electromotive power source is higher, the power supply mileages of continuation is restricted.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of electronic and foot-operated center shaft type electromobile motor that can drive simultaneously at above-mentioned prior art present situation, and this motor can reduce electronic energy consumption, increases the mileages of continuation of electric motor car effectively.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: this center shaft type electromobile motor includes casing;
Rotor is arranged on the electric motor car axis, and the two ends of this axis are fixedly connected with foot-operated respectively by crank;
Stator is set in outside the described rotor, and this stator and rotor are placed in the described casing simultaneously, and described stator and described casing are fixedly linked;
Clutch is arranged on the described axis and can realizes engage connecting under the driving of this axis, and the output of this clutch is connected with sprocket wheel; And
Reducing gear includes and can realize engaging the output that is connected with the described clutch of driving with the input that described rotor rotates;
It is characterized in that: described clutch is one to include the combined bidirectional clutch of first clutch and second clutch, wherein, described first clutch includes first outer ring, first inner ring, spring and roller, described first inner ring and described axis are fixedly linked, this first inner ring is along the open slot that circumferentially forms wedge shape, described first outer ring is set in outside described first inner ring, and, described first inner ring can be done and the opposite one-directional rotation of described foot-operated direction with respect to this first outer ring, the periphery of this first outer ring is connected with described sprocket wheel, described roller and spring are contained in the described open slot, and an end of described spring and described roller offsets and makes this roller have all the time the trend that the small end to described open slot moves;
Described second clutch includes second inner ring, second outer ring and roller, the output of described second outer ring and described reducing gear links to each other, described second inner ring is along circumferentially offering through hole, be provided with roller in the described through hole, the inwall of described second outer ring can be corresponding with described through hole and push the wedge shape inclined-plane of the interior corresponding described roller of this through hole along circumferentially being provided with, described second outer ring is set in outside described second inner ring, the end face of this second inner ring is along circumferentially also being provided with ratchet, this ratchet and described wedge shape inclined-plane cooperate and make described second outer ring to do and the opposite one-directional rotation of described rotor direction of rotation with respect to described second inner ring, described second inner ring is set in outside described first outer ring, and described roller can be realized the tight fit of described second inner ring and described first outer ring under the extruding on described wedge shape inclined-plane.
In order to guarantee the axial limiting of first inner ring on axis, prevent that first inner ring is with respect to the first outer ring axial slip, also be provided with the clutch shaft bearing of realizing the described first inner ring axial limiting between described first outer ring and the described axis, be provided with pad between the end face of the end face of this clutch shaft bearing and described first inner ring.
In order to guarantee the axial limiting of second inner ring with respect to first outer ring, prevent the slippage of second inner ring, be provided with second bearing of realizing the described second inner ring axial limiting between described first outer ring and the described casing, a wherein end face of the end face of this second bearing and described second inner ring offsets, and, also has the raceway that forms by the gap between described first outer ring and second outer ring in the other end of described second inner ring, be provided with rolling element in this raceway, described rolling element is distributed in the described raceway by a retainer that is arranged on described second cycle surface.
In order to increase speed ratio, improve output torque, described reducing gear can adopt secondary planet to slow down, include the one-level star wheel frame, be arranged on the one-level planetary gear on the one-level star wheel frame, secondary planet wheel and ring gear, wherein, described one-level star wheel frame is arranged on the described axis by bearing, one end of described rotor is provided with the one-level sun gear, the output of described one-level star wheel frame is provided with the secondary sun gear, described one-level planetary gear can be meshed with described one-level sun gear and described ring gear respectively, described secondary planet wheel can be meshed with described secondary sun gear and described ring gear respectively, and described secondary planet wheel is the output of described reducing gear and is fixedly installed on the end face of described second outer ring.So, one-level sun gear, one-level planetary gear and ring gear are meshing with each other and form the one-level planetary wheeling assembly, and secondary sun gear, secondary planet wheel and ring gear are meshing with each other and form the secondary planet wheel assembly, can improve motor speed by the secondary planet deceleration, make that the volume of motor dwindles greatly under with constant power output situation, be more amenable for use with car load and install.
Described one-level sun gear and described rotor are formed in one, and described secondary sun gear and described one-level star wheel frame are formed in one.Integrated structural design can improve the transmission accuracy of reducing gear, and has reduced the overall volume of motor, makes that the mounting structure of motor is more compact.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: adopted the combined bidirectional clutch, this bidirectional clutch is combined and can be imported respectively from two ends power and realizes that clutch connects by two roller clutchs, can not only realize electronic or foot-operated function separately, can also realize electronicly and foot-operated working simultaneously, and electronic and foot-operated when working simultaneously, can realize the power output stack, make and electric motor car power saving power-assisted in running reduce electronic energy consumption, the mileages of continuation lengthening; In addition, adopted secondary planet slow down to realize large speed ratio in this patent, output torque is very big, can improve rotating speed of motor, makes that the volume of motor dwindles greatly under with constant power output situation, and complete machine structure is more compact.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the motor cut-open view of final assembly of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is one of the perspective view of the clutch of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 be the embodiment of the invention clutch perspective view two.
Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional exploded view of the clutch of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the front view of the clutch of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is that A-A shown in Figure 5 is to cutaway view.
Embodiment
Embodiment describes in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As Fig. 1~shown in Figure 6, be the electric vehicle motor structural representation of present embodiment, this electric vehicle motor is a motor shaft with electric motor car axis 3, for adopting the high-speed brushless motor of inner rotor core, realize the machine rule when motor is produced in batches, be suitable for producing in enormous quantities; Wherein, electric vehicle motor includes
Casing 1, the two ends of casing 1 are provided with and this casing 1 forms the front end housing 11 and the rear end cap 12 of a closed cavity.
Rotor 2 is arranged on the electric motor car axis 3 and rotationally by the bearing location, the two ends of axis 3 also respectively by crank 11 ' be fixedly connected with can for manpower step on pedal foot-operated 1 '.
Stator 4 is set in outside the rotor 2, and this stator 4 and rotor 2 are placed in the cavity that is formed by casing 1, front end housing 11 and rear end cap 12 simultaneously, and, stator 4 is fixedly linked with casing 1, is arranged with coil on the stator 4 and is provided with silicon steel sheet, and rotor 2 is provided with magnet steel 21.
Clutch, this clutch is a combined bidirectional clutch that is combined by first clutch and second clutch, wherein, first clutch is a roller-type one way clutch, include first outer ring 51, first inner ring 52, spring 53 and roller 54, first inner ring 52 and axis 3 are fixedly linked, first outer ring 51 is the output of clutch, first inner ring 52 is along the open slot 521 that circumferentially is formed with wedge shape, first outer ring 51 is set in outside first inner ring 52, and, the opposite one-directional rotation of 1 ' direction be done and be ridden to first inner ring 52 can with respect to first outer ring 51, the head of first outer ring 51 is provided with external screw thread 513, the both sides that relatively establish in the external thread part position first outer ring 51 respectively cut one and form two symmetrically arranged planes 511, form shoulder block 512 between the plane 511 of each side and the external diameter of first outer ring 51, the head of first outer ring 51 also be threaded round nut 3 ', sprocket wheel 2 ' be socketed in first outer ring 51 to have on the head of external screw thread 513, sprocket wheel 2 ' an end face and shoulder block 512 offset, this sprocket wheel 2 ' the other end and be threaded in the round nut 3 of first outer ring, 51 heads ' offset, roller 54 and spring 53 are contained in the open slot 521, and an end of spring 53 and roller 54 offsets and makes this roller 54 have all the time the trend that the small end to open slot 521 moves; Also be provided with the clutch shaft bearing 61 that to realize first inner ring, 52 axial limitings between first outer ring 51 and the axis 3, a wherein end face of this clutch shaft bearing 61 by being arranged on the centre position pad 7 and the end face of first inner ring 52 offset, the other end of this clutch shaft bearing 61 is provided with first cover plate 611 and realizes vertically spacing of this clutch shaft bearing 61;
Second clutch also is a roller-type one way clutch, include second inner ring 55, second outer ring 56 and roller 57, the output of second outer ring 56 and reducing gear links to each other, the inwall of second outer ring 56 is along circumferentially being formed with wedge shape inclined-plane 562, second inner ring 55 is along circumferentially being distributed with and wedge shape inclined-plane through hole 551 one to one, be equipped with the roller 57 that can be subjected to 562 extruding of wedge shape inclined-plane in the through hole 551, the periphery of second inner ring 55 also has the ratchet 552 that can cooperate with wedge shape inclined-plane 562 and can only do one-directional rotation with respect to second outer ring 56, second outer ring 56 is set in outside second inner ring 55, second inner ring 55 is set in outside first outer ring 51, when roller 57 under the wedge shape inclined-plane of second outer ring 56 562 squeezed states, second outer ring 56 can only be done and the opposite one-directional rotation of rotor 2 direction of rotation with respect to second inner ring 55, realizes tight fit between second inner ring, 55 covers and first outer ring 51; Be provided with second bearing 62 that to realize second inner ring, 55 axial limitings between first outer ring 51 and the rear end cap 12, a wherein end face of second bearing 62 and a wherein end face of second inner ring 55 offset, the other end of second bearing 62 is provided with second cover plate 621 and realizes vertically spacing of this second bearing 62, the other end of second inner ring 55 then is provided with the raceway 81 that is formed by the gap between first outer ring 51 and second outer ring 56, be provided with rolling element 82 in the raceway 81, and rolling element 82 is distributed in the raceway 81 by the retainer 8 that is arranged on 56 end faces of second outer ring.
Reducing gear, include and to realize engaging the output that is connected with the input that rotor 2 rotates with the driving clutch, in order to improve rotating speed, reducing gear adopts the secondary planet wheel assembly to realize slowing down, particularly, include one-level star wheel frame 91, be arranged on the one-level star wheel frame 91 and three uniform one-level planetary gears 92, be fixed on 56 end faces of second outer ring and uniform three secondary planet wheels 93 and be set in one-level planetary gear 92 and secondary planet wheel 93 outside ring gear 94, wherein, one end of rotor 2 is one-body molded one-level sun gear 22, one-level star wheel frame 91 is arranged on the axis 3 by bearing, one-level star wheel frame 91 has a secondary sun gear 911 in that output is one-body molded, one-level planetary gear 92 is meshed with one-level sun gear 22 and ring gear 94 respectively, secondary planet wheel 93 is meshed with secondary sun gear 911 and ring gear 94 respectively, here, secondary planet wheel 93 is the output of reducing gear, have three projections 561 on the end face of second outer ring 56, secondary planet wheel 93 is that gear shaft is fixedly connected on the end face of second outer ring 56 with the projection 561 on 56 end faces of second outer ring respectively.
The operation principle of present embodiment is:
1, complete when electronic: after the energising, rotor 2 rotates, after realizing double reduction, reducing gear gives clutch with transmission of power, at this moment, second clutch is in running order, i.e. second outer ring 56 rotation under the drive of secondary planet wheel 93 also engages with second inner ring 55, and the roller 57 on second inner ring 55 compresses first outer ring 51 and drives first outer ring 51 and rotates outputting powers, thereby the drive sprocket rotation, and then electric motor car is travelled forward.Because when rotated first outer ring 51, first inner ring 52 was just in time done one-directional rotation with respect to first outer ring 51, so foot-operated motionless, motor is in complete motoring condition.
2, ride when riding: the motor outage, foot-operated by 3 rotations of crank drive axis, at this moment, first clutch is in running order, promptly first inner ring 52 and first outer ring 51 engage, thereby make first outer ring 51 drive sprocket wheel rotation and outputting power, and electric motor car realizes travelling forward by pedal.Under the foot-operated state, does not rotate with respect to second inner ring 55 second outer ring 56, and 57 pairs first outer rings of the roller on second inner ring 55,51 no thrusts are so second clutch is in and surmounts state.
3, electronic, foot-operated synchronous working: after the energising, step on simultaneously pedal foot-operated, at this moment, first clutch and second clutch engage respectively, rotor 2 is transferred to electric motor car through reducing gear and first clutch with power, rides through crank and second clutch and also gives electric motor car with transmission of power, realizes the power output stack under electric motor car acts in electronic and foot-operated, the power saving power-assisted, the mileages of continuation lengthening.But when electrical speed during greater than pedal speed, at this moment, pedal lost efficacy, and electric motor car is in complete motoring condition again.
The electric vehicle motor of present embodiment with axis as driving element, the monolithic chain gear transmission reaches two purposes that drive, the overall volume of motor is little, in light weight, the car load center of gravity is reasonable, planetary reduction gear can make the torsional forces multiplication of motor output, it is fast to make it priming speed, and climbing capacity is strong, because can be by electronic or foot-operated realization outputting power stack, make electric motor car power-assisted power saving under steam, mileages of continuation significantly increases.