CN101758222A - Preparation method of nano iron powder specially used for invisible coating - Google Patents
Preparation method of nano iron powder specially used for invisible coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN101758222A CN101758222A CN200910179096A CN200910179096A CN101758222A CN 101758222 A CN101758222 A CN 101758222A CN 200910179096 A CN200910179096 A CN 200910179096A CN 200910179096 A CN200910179096 A CN 200910179096A CN 101758222 A CN101758222 A CN 101758222A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of nano metal powder, in particular to a preparation method of nano iron powder specially used for an invisible coating, solving the problem of poor invisible effect of the traditional metal powder material as an invisible technology material. The method comprises the following steps of: processing raw materials into the nano metal powder of a special invisible technology at 5DEG C-15 DEG C in the high-frequency cutting time of 4600-5100 times/minute, wherein the particles of the powder are in the shape of a sphere; then respectively separating powder materials with uniform particle distributions of D3=21nm, D25=42.1nm, D50=80nm, D75=113.2nm and D97=137.3nm; and finally carrying out anti-oxidation coating with the thickness of 2nm-3nm on the iron powder particles by using a DQ coating method. The nano iron powder prepared by the method has the advantages of low cost and good wave-adsorbing effect; and the defilading and faking measure of the nano iron powder has the advantages of wide faking frequency spectrum, rapid operation, lower cost than other faking measures and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of metal nano powder, be specially a kind of preparation method of nano iron powder special for invisible coatings.
Background technology
Following IT-based warfare is the combined operation of land, sea, air, sky, electricity (magnetic) five in one, electromagnetic environment will run through the war overall process, along with IT application facilities are upgraded day by day, complex electromagnetic environment and tactical training merges and accelerates, and caused having caused great interest in the research of stealth technique at home and abroad of nano-adelomorphic material.The application prospect of nano-adelomorphic material and future development are the directions of giving priority to of each country.In the IT-based warfare of the world today, the advanced IT application of weapon platform and electronization make residing operational environments such as aircraft, tank, naval vessels complicated day by day.They except that threatened by ground or aerial firepower and electronic interferences, its every act and every move also is under the looking over one's shoulder of detectors such as radar, infrared, laser, makes its survival ability and fighting capacity face great challenge.Effectively counter-measure is to apply one deck particular matter with electro-magnetic wave absorption that detector sent such as radars on these weaponry surfaces, makes the detector forfeiture find the function of target, to reach the purpose of " stealth ".
Stealth technique comes down to reduce the feature of the radar of prominent anti-target, infrared, acoustics and optics, makes the various detection systems of enemy be difficult to discovery, detection and tracking target, thereby guarantees that target is in prominent survival ability in anti-.
The develop rapidly of modern reconnaissance and surveillance technology makes camouflage, the stealth technique resisted mutually with it become the essential of modern war, and camouflage system particularly camouflage net is one of effective means of counterreconnaissance and supervision.The so-called camouflage of present situation utilizes technological means such as electromagnetism, optics, calorifics, acoustics exactly, changes target original characteristics information, conceals and really shows vacation, reduces enemy's scouting effect, makes the enemy be difficult to investigation to the position of square army.
The subject matter of the world and domestic stealth technique existence at present: stealth technique is to reduce square mesh target detectivity signal, and the camouflage that makes the enemy be difficult for detecting is one of great military technology that gets most of the attention in recent years.Stealth technique can be divided into radar stealth technique, laser stealth technique, visible light stealth technique, infrared stealth technique etc. by frequency spectrum.After the sixties in 20th century, develop rapidly along with laser technology, also there is fast development aspects such as weaponry, with the various laser equipments of laser beam as information carrier, as range finder using laser, laser guidance unit, laser radar etc. more and more widespread usage in the battlefield.Target influences its fighting capacity greatly because be found easily and be in passive position, thereby the status of laser stealth technique in modern stealth technique become more and more important, is subjected to great attention both domestic and external.
But present military power, the particularly U.S., Germany, Britain, Russian applied stealth technique in the world is because its stealth material limits, so stealthy poor effect.Be mainly reflected in the counter-investigation ability weak, absorb that effectively the investigation ripple is few, initiatively defensive not ideal enough.
Development at present and the absorbing material of using mainly contain two classes: a class is the dielectric absorbing material, and its manufacture method is to add the electrical loss material in macromolecule medium, as carbon fiber, conductive black, carborundum etc., relies on reactance loss projectile energy; Another kind of is the electro permanent magnetic absorbing material, is by adding magnetic material such as ferrite in matrix, relying on the electromagnetic consumable projectile energy.
The development and the present Research of at present external stealth material, mainly comprise Ferrite Material, macromolecular material, structural wave-absorbing material, ceramic material, micro mist and ultramicron, nano material and nano composite material, but the shape of its material nearly all is grain shapes such as irregular sheet, dendroid, triangular shape, when being used as the application of stealth technique material with external general irregular flake metal powder material, about the reflectivity-3dB in the 2--18GHZ radar, so tangible wave-absorbing effect is bad.
Same irregular flake metal powder material is used as the stealth technique material and is applied on the ground installation or on the ground installation of motion, its infrared emittance is 0.97, much larger than vegetation infrared emittance 0.72.Do not satisfy the stealth target basic demand similar to the surrounding enviroment temperature difference.
Number of patent application is 2006100481685 to have put down in writing a kind of cutting production technology of metal nanometer powder zero boundry particle, a kind of brand-new zero boundry particle cutting metal nano-powder material technology has been put down in writing in this patent application, with the iron powder is example, step comprises, iron powder is placed under-10 ℃～+ 15 ℃ the processing temperature state, then ferrous powder granules is carried out high-speed cutting, per minute is controlled at 5000～6000 times, then the ferrous powder granules after the cutting 6000 rev/mins high frequency is ground, carry out the physics reduction again, the surface coats handles, and last classification and sorting can obtain product.And discovering through the inventor, in this technology, improve or reduce nanometer iron powder or other metal powder that processing " cutting " frequency is also correspondingly adjusted each different stage of producing after " processing temperature ", and characteristic has tangible difference, through being widely used in different industries or field after classification and sorting and the proportioning.The technical scheme that this patent application is put down in writing is the applicant has proposed " cutting " this processing first in nano metal powder materials processing technology field a notion, utilize the relative high speed between the abrasive media back and forth to collide and rub and the feed metal powder can be machined to Nano grade, and the reciprocating number of times of high speed in the unit interval can be called " frequency " between this abrasive media, and its crushing process to raw material can be described as " cutting "; And proposed concrete machined parameters, and just can process this technical scheme of high-quality nanometer iron powder by having facts have proved by setting corresponding " cutting " frequency and controlling corresponding processing temperature.
Number of patent application is 2006101620469 to disclose little, the nano particle cladding process of a kind of metal; the technical scheme of this application can form the high-quality protection against oxidation layer that a layer thickness is 1nm-3nm on the surface of metal powder material, hereinafter referred to as " DQ coats method ".Think the cladding process of more traditional nano metal powder, this technical scheme clad ratio is higher, and anti oxidation time is longer.
Summary of the invention
The preparation method that the present invention provides a kind of nano iron powder special for invisible coatings in order to solve existing metal powder material and to be used as the problem of stealth technique material stealth effect difference.
The present invention is realized by following technical scheme, a kind of preparation method of nano iron powder special for invisible coatings, be at 5 ℃---under 15 ℃ the situation, high frequency cutting number of times is set in per minute 4600 times---under 5100 times the situation raw material is processed into the nanometer iron powder that powder granule is shaped as the special-purpose stealth technique of spheroid, sub-elect the powder body material of the distribution of particles of D3=21nm D25=42.1nm D50=80nm D75=113.2nm D97=137.3nm more respectively, " DQ coats method " to ferrous powder granules continuation thickness is then again: the anti-oxidation coating of 2nm-3nm.Its anti-oxidization time was reached more than 90 hours.
According to the characteristics of stealth technique, the powder body material after coating is input to the surface treatment of carrying out powder granule in the high-speed grinder, make it reach that the powder granule material surface is smooth, spheroid is perfectly round.The technical scheme of the application record, made full use of number of patent application and be 2006100481685 and number of patent application be the thinking of the technical scheme of 2006101620469 described contents, the product that obtains has unexpected result of use.
The technology of the present invention advantage:
1, the technology of the present invention advantage one is; Compare with other stealth material, cost is low, be easy to characteristics such as construction and maintenance, and it is even more important to seem in stealth technique.Compare with the stealth material that the U.S. uses at present, square metre cost has only 1/20 of the U.S..
2, the technology of the present invention advantage two is; Wave-absorbing effect is good, in the static state and dynamic test of airborne radar, the reflectivity in the 2--18GHZ radar be-11dB about, be external-4 times with the reflectivity-2.8dB in the radar.
3, the technology of the present invention advantage three is; Ground fix or MOVING STRUCTURE on implement stealth technique, its infrared emittance is between the 0.72--0.77, very the infrared emittance near the earth vegetation is 0.72.
4, the technology of the present invention advantage four is; When being applied on the artificial covering of ground installation, it is wide, swift to operate that shield camouflage means have the camouflage frequency spectrum, relatively the outstanding advantage of the inexpensive economic dispatch of other camouflage means.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cutting machine
Fig. 2 is the grinding machine structure schematic diagram
Fig. 3,4,5 is for processing the electromicroscopic photograph of the metallic particles that obtains
1-inert gas entrance among the figure, the 2-charging aperture, the 3-cooling water inlet, the 4-body, the 5-cutter, the 6-connecting rod, the 7-support, the 8-discharging opening, 9-frequency modulation vibrating motor, the 10-foundation of incision machine, 11-vibrates air bag, the 12-cooling water inlet, the 13-connecting rod, the 14-cutter, the 15-vibrating spring, 16-vulcanie pad, the 17-discharging opening, the 18-hollow rotating shaft, 19-grinds body, 20-is by abrasive grains, 21 charging gas ports, the 22-variable-frequency motor, the 23-support, the 24-frame, 25-spherical grinding body
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1, a kind of preparation method of nano iron powder special for invisible coatings, be under 15 ℃ situation, high frequency cutting number of times is set under the situation of per minute 4600 times and produces, processing powder grain shape is the nanometer iron powder of the special-purpose stealth technique of spheroid, sub-elect the distribution of particles powder body material of (80nm is an example) D3=21nm D25=42.1nmD50=80nm D75=113.2nm D97=137.3nm more respectively, then, " DQ coats method " to ferrous powder granules continuation thickness is again: the anti-oxidation coating of 2nm-3nm reaches more than 90 hours its anti-oxidization time.
Used cutting machine as schematically shown in Figure 1, cutting machine structure comprises the body 4 that has cooling system, body 4 is provided with charging aperture 2, inert gas entrance 1,
(lower end of charging aperture 2) is provided with some cutter groups in body 4, each cutter group comprises two cutters 5,14 that working face is relative, the working face of cutter 5,14 is zigzag or file shape, and two cutters 5,14 are exported the rotating part combinations by separately connecting rod 6,13 and frequency modulation vibrating motor 9 respectively.Cutting machine is designed to the dual-vibration system, and outer VIBRATION DESIGN is the gasbag-type vibrating device, and the internal vibration system is designed to the spring vibration device.The frequency modulation vibrating motor, adopt the mode of frequency modulation to carry out the control of vibration frequency, pass by adjusting rotating speed of motor 1500/minute---6000 biographies/minute, vibration frequency is controlled at 1500 times/minute---6000 times/minute, reaching the unlimited cutting of designing requirement---" zero boundry particle patterning method ".Cutting machine is when work, and indoor design adds inert gas and keeps the constant of processing temperature, adds the temperature processing that cooling water is set simultaneously in interlayer.Its operation principle is to do relative motion by two cutters that frequency modulation motor drives each cutter group, make the working face relative motion of two cutters, move mutually in its surperficial zigzag or file shape protruding part then, major diameter feed metal particle about 80 orders-100 order of charging aperture adding is constantly rubbed, collides, pushes, and the effect that reaches at last is to make oarse-grained metallic particles be divided into the small diameter particles object.The surface of cutter is just as the structure on file surface, and its gap is adjustable, so that adapt to the size of raw material particle.After cutting machine work begins, metallic particles powder irregular particle has been carried out N cutting from top to bottom in the motion process between two cutters, certainly the frequency modulation motor rotating speed is high more, the probability that metallic particles is cut in unit interval is also big more, the distribution probability of the metallic particles of the small diameter particles that it processes is also big more, and sorting is got up also easier.Generally to circulate and cut the nano metal powder particle that just can reach more than 80% through six times.
Anti-oxidation coating process; metal powder material is in temperature (100 ℃-310 ℃) and have under the environment of protective gas (N) and produce; to add 10% in the time of processing---the purity oxygen of 15% (volume ratio); forming thickness on the metal powder particles surface is 1nm---the oxide layer of 2nm; then in the high temp tunnel stove; temperature is adjusted between 350 ℃-510 ℃; the metal powder particles material is under this temperature conditions; the surface oxide layer structure begins to soften; under the situation of sealing; inert gas N and He in 4: 6 ratio injection dew point≤6; injection length was controlled at 30 minutes---and 45 minutes, allow inert gas fully be penetrated in the oxide layer on metal powder material surface.
Grinder as schematically shown in Figure 2 comprises frame 24, and variable-frequency motor 22 is provided with hollow grinding body 19 by hollow rotating shaft 18 on the frame 24, and grinding body 19 is provided with charging and advances inertia gas port 21, and discharging opening 17 grinds in the body 19 and is provided with some mill balls 25.Operation principle as octahedral grinder among the figure is, utilize adjustable frequency motor to control the rotating speed of grinder (1000 rev/mins---6000 rev/mins), utilize the angle of anistree body, reach 270 of metal species spherical particles and spend the counter-rotating that does not stop, thereby reach through the powder granule smooth surface spherical particles after grinding.Because from the metallic particles that cutting machine processes, generally be irregular globoid, the grinding of the spherical grinding body of the anistree grinder of process inside, irregular globoid will become ganoid spherical particles.Metal particle and inert gas with well cutting in the time of work add in the grinding body, start driven by motor then and grind the body upset, mutual collision between the mill ball can grind to form spheroidal particle with metal particle, the lengthening that its surface configuration can be in time and become gradually smooth.Needing it is ground in this technology is ganoid spherical getting final product.Grinder designs the input inert gas in charging, keep the temperature stabilization in the process.
Rice does not wait, and this just needs to adopt the pneumatic separation technical point to select the product that distribution of particles is concentrated relatively.Utilize the stressed surface area of metal particle and metal particle in the parabolic curve and deadweight falling speed, the time of ferrous powder granules in container that are subjected under the slinging force situation.Utilize artificial wind-force in closed container, the different ferrous powder granules of diameter to be carried out effective classification with speed.Concrete sorting process is: at first start vacuum motor and form negative pressure state in the container of classifying equipoment, then open the clasfficiator motor respectively and form the axial flow whirlwind in closed container.Negative pressure will need the iron powder of classification to limit the quantity of to suck first closed container, in the axial flow whirlwind, sub-elect the metallic particles of particle diameter maximum, the residual metallic particle enters second closed container, classification goes out required ferrous powder granules in greater than the first axial flow whirlwind, order two, three, level Four are carried out classification step by step, can obtain each distributed area of particle (100 μ m---metal particle product of 10nm) concentrating relatively so simultaneously.In conjunction with technical solution of the present invention, just can obtain corresponding product by the quantity of adjusting distinguished and admirable size and fractionated container, certainly also tentatively sorting earlier constantly in the practical operation, instrument detecting product specification then, the feedback adjusting mechanical parameter makes processing equipment can stably sub-elect product then.One of purpose of sorting is come out satisfactory product selecting exactly, little can directly enter next program than requiring, cut again than requiring big product will return a last procedure, it two is products of selecting requirement, the product that does not reach requirement will turn back to a last operation by screening installation, once more cutting.
Embodiment 2, a kind of preparation method of nano iron powder special for invisible coatings, be under 15 ℃ situation, high frequency cutting number of times is set under the situation of per minute 5100 times and produces, processing powder grain shape is the nanometer iron powder of the special-purpose stealth technique of spheroid, sub-elect the distribution of particles powder body material of (80nm is an example) D3=21nm D25=42.1nmD50=80nm D75=113.2nm D97=137.3nm more respectively, then, " DQ coats method " to ferrous powder granules continuation thickness is again: the anti-oxidation coating of 2nm-3nm reaches more than 90 hours its anti-oxidization time.
Embodiment 3, a kind of preparation method of nano iron powder special for invisible coatings, be under 10 ℃ situation, high frequency cutting number of times is set under the situation of per minute 4900 times and produces, processing powder grain shape is the nanometer iron powder of the special-purpose stealth technique of spheroid, sub-elect the distribution of particles powder body material of (80nm is an example) D3=21nm D25=42.1nmD50=80nm D75=113.2nm D97=137.3nm more respectively, then, " DQ coats method " to ferrous powder granules continuation thickness is again: the anti-oxidation coating of 2nm-3nm reaches more than 90 hours its anti-oxidization time.
Claims (3)
1. the preparation method of a nano iron powder special for invisible coatings, it is characterized in that: at 5 ℃---under 15 ℃ the situation, high frequency cutting number of times is set in per minute 4600 times---under 5100 times the situation raw material is processed into the nanometer iron powder that powder granule is shaped as the special-purpose stealth technique of spheroid, sub-elect the distribution of particles powder body material of D3=21nmD25=42.1nm D50=80nm D75=113.2nm D97=137.3nm more respectively, " DQ coats method " to ferrous powder granules continuation thickness is then again: the anti-oxidation coating of 2nm-3nm.
2. the preparation method of nano iron powder special for invisible coatings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it being under 10 ℃ situation, high frequency cutting number of times is set under the situation of per minute 4900 times and produces, processing powder grain shape is the nanometer iron powder of the special-purpose stealth technique of spheroid, sub-elect the distribution of particles powder body material of D3=21nmD25=42.1nm D50=80nm D75=113.2nm D97=137.3nm more respectively, then, " DQ coats method " to ferrous powder granules continuation thickness is again: the anti-oxidation coating of 2nm-3nm reaches more than 90 hours its anti-oxidization time.
3. cutting machine of processing nano-metal particle, it is characterized in that: structure comprises the body (4) that has cooling system, body (4) is provided with charging aperture (2), inert gas entrance (1), in body (4), be provided with some cutter groups, each cutter group comprises two cutters (5,14) that working face is relative, the working face of cutter (5,14) is zigzag or file shape, and two cutters (5,14) are exported the rotating part combination by separately connecting rod (6,13) and frequency modulation vibrating motor (9) respectively.
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| CN200910179096A CN101758222A (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2009-09-28 | Preparation method of nano iron powder specially used for invisible coating |
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| CN200910179096A CN101758222A (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2009-09-28 | Preparation method of nano iron powder specially used for invisible coating |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104096843A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-10-15 | 关锦池 | Preparation method of iron nanopowder |
| CN106010164A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-10-12 | 北京恒固防腐工程有限公司 | Waterborne nano stealth paint |
-
2009
- 2009-09-28 CN CN200910179096A patent/CN101758222A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104096843A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-10-15 | 关锦池 | Preparation method of iron nanopowder |
| CN106010164A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-10-12 | 北京恒固防腐工程有限公司 | Waterborne nano stealth paint |
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Application publication date: 20100630 |