CN101755670A - 粗山羊草d组染色体对产量性状的影响 - Google Patents

粗山羊草d组染色体对产量性状的影响 Download PDF

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CN101755670A
CN101755670A CN200810238652A CN200810238652A CN101755670A CN 101755670 A CN101755670 A CN 101755670A CN 200810238652 A CN200810238652 A CN 200810238652A CN 200810238652 A CN200810238652 A CN 200810238652A CN 101755670 A CN101755670 A CN 101755670A
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曹淑兰
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Abstract

粗山羊草在小麦遗传改良中主要应用于提高小麦的抗性，本发明所用群体为粗山羊草与硬粒小麦合成的双二倍体Am6与普通小麦品种的回交群体，携带了粗山羊草D基组染色体基因，丰富了小麦D染色体组的遗传多样性；对D染色体组控制产量性状的位点进行定位，可以鉴别来自粗山羊草的优良基因，以明确粗山羊草D染色体组在小麦遗传改良中的利用价值，从而为其有效利用提供依据。

Description

粗山羊草D组染色体对产量性状的影响
技术领域
粗山羊草在小麦遗传改良中主要应用于提高小麦的抗性，本发明所用群体为粗山羊草与硬粒小麦合成的双二倍体Am6与普通小麦品种的回交群体，携带了粗山羊草D基组染色体基因，丰富了小麦D染色体组的遗传多样性；对D染色体组控制产量性状的位点进行定位，可以鉴别来自粗山羊草的优良基因，以明确粗山羊草D染色体组在小麦遗传改良中的利用价值，从而为其有效利用提供依据，属于作物遗传育种学领域。
背景技术
粗山羊草作为小麦的近缘属种，不仅具有抗病、抗虫等基因，还含有可以改良普通小麦品质性状的优质基因；而且粗山羊草的D染色体组和普通小麦的D染色体组同源，其优异基因可以通过基因交换的方式转移到栽培小麦中，因此受到小麦遗传育种家的重视，把粗山羊草作为改良普通小麦的宝贵遗传资源，越来越多的应用到现代小麦育种中。
发明内容
粗山羊草在小麦遗传改良中主要应用于提高小麦的抗性，本发明所用群体为粗山羊草与硬粒小麦合成的双二倍体Am6与普通小麦品种的回交群体，携带了粗山羊草D基组染色体基因，丰富了小麦D染色体组的遗传多样性；对D染色体组控制产量性状的位点进行定位，可以鉴别来自粗山羊草的优良基因，以明确粗山羊草D染色体组在小麦遗传改良中的利用价值，从而为其有效利用提供依据。
步骤一：选择性状稳定的双二倍体Am6与普通小麦品种PH85-16杂交，获得F1，再与PH85-16回交，构建回交分离群体BC1F1，将BC1F1自交产生BC1F2。
步骤二：对双二倍体Am6与PH85-16回交世代的株高、穗长、单株穗数、穗粒数、单株产量、千粒重等性状分单株调查。
步骤三：产量性状调查统计分析。
步骤四：进行QTL定位。
具体实施方式
1、性状调查
对BC1F1调查时，在田间随机选取120个单株；对BC1F2调查时随机选取432个单株进行调查。分别调查了株高、单株穗数、穗长、每穗小穗数、穗粒数、单株产量和千粒重等性状，对调查结果统计分析。
2、从两个世代调查结果可以看出，与亲本PH85-16相比，在两个群体所调查的几个主要产量性状都出现了超过PH85-16的类型。亲本Am6对杂交后代上述性状具有明显的正效影响。此外，还分离出矮秆类型。
3、通过形态学观察和性状分析，可以初步看到双二倍体Am6对普通小麦品种PH85-16的主要产量性状确实存在很明显的改良作用。
QTL定位结果
4、讨论
(1)、本实验中得到的定位结果只是初步结果，主要有两个原因：本实验用于QTL定位的群体为回交群体，为暂时分离群体，不能用来进行重复试验，便不能考虑环境因素而只能将环境作为固定效应，所以本文得到的结果只反映
本文实验环境条件下的结果，下一步为了得到更加准确的结果就需要构建永久分离群体，可以利用单粒传法构建RIL群体，然后进行多点多年重复试验，来得到更加准确可靠的结果；
另外，本实验用来定位的遗传图谱上的分子标记密度也偏低。在确定了群体和定位方法后，影响QTL定位结果准确性的主要因素有两个，即群体大小和标记密度，本实验的群体大小完全满足精确定位的要求，但标记密度偏低，无法得到QTL位点在染色体上的准确位置。
(2)、粗山羊草在小麦抗性改良方面得到了广泛应用，但在改良小麦产量性状方面的应用还很少，通过本实验结果可以看到粗山羊草中确实存在可以用来对小麦产量性状进行遗传改良的优良基因。
(3)、本实验虽然得到了来自粗山羊草的控制小麦产量性状的优良位点，但这些位点是否就是要找的基因，如何来利用这些位点，都还没有得到解决。

Claims (1)

1.粗山羊草D组染色体对小麦若干产量性状的影响，其特征在于：
a、从两个世代调查结果可以看出，与亲本PH85-16相比，在两个群体所调查的几个主要产量性状都出现了超过PH85-16的类型，亲本Am6对杂交后代上述性状具有明显的正效影响，此外，还分离出矮秆类型；
b、BC1F2与BC1F1相比经过了一代自交后，许多原本杂合的位点得到纯合，基因的加性效应得到加强，在后代群体中表现为性状变异范围扩大，出现更多的超亲单株；
c、通过形态学观察和性状分析，可以初步看到双二倍体Am6对普通小麦品种PH85-16的主要产量性状确实存在很明显的改良作用。
CN200810238652A 2008-12-19 2008-12-19 粗山羊草d组染色体对产量性状的影响 Pending CN101755670A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109006467A (zh) * 2018-09-19 2018-12-18 山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所 一种高遗传多样性且高成胚成苗率冬麦区小麦的合成方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109006467A (zh) * 2018-09-19 2018-12-18 山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所 一种高遗传多样性且高成胚成苗率冬麦区小麦的合成方法
CN109006467B (zh) * 2018-09-19 2020-10-16 山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所 一种高遗传多样性且高成胚成苗率冬麦区小麦的合成方法

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