CN101752879B - Device and method for charging rechargeable battery of independent generating system - Google Patents
Device and method for charging rechargeable battery of independent generating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101752879B CN101752879B CN200810180491.7A CN200810180491A CN101752879B CN 101752879 B CN101752879 B CN 101752879B CN 200810180491 A CN200810180491 A CN 200810180491A CN 101752879 B CN101752879 B CN 101752879B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for a charging rechargeable battery of an independent generating system having a maximum power tracking function. The device comprises a DC to DC converter and a control circuit, wherein the control circuit is arranged for controlling the DC to DC converter. The method for charging the rechargeable battery comprises the steps of: starting the maximum power tracking function when the output power of the independent generating system is smaller, wherein the charging current is continuous current; adopting a pulse current charging method when the independent generating system is bigger; continuously performing the maximum power tracking function when the power is not higher than the sum of a loading power and a preset maximum pulse charging power of the rechargeable battery; stopping the maximum power tracking function once the output power of the independent generating system is higher than the sum of the loading power and the preset maximum pulse charging power; and charging with a constant voltage once the rechargeable battery voltage is higher than the constant charging voltage. The invention can efficiently promote the use ratio of the output power of the independent generating system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tool maximum power tracing (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT) battery charging plant and the method thereof of the self of function (stand-alone) electricity generation system, particularly needs battery charging plant and the method thereof of the independent generating system of tool maximum power tracing function about being applied to wind-force, solar power generation or other renewable source of energy generation etc.
Background technology
Conventional small self wind-force or solar power system refer to that the direct output of the electric power that this electricity generation system is produced is supplied to load and uses, and again excrescent electric power are stored in to battery.In the time that the output power of this electricity generation system is not enough, powered by this battery.This type electricity generation system adopts conventionally compared with skinny device capacity, therefore it is applicable to the remote districts that electrical power trans mission/distribution system cannot be powered relatively, and use the region of this type electricity generation system also most in lacking the environment of electric power resource supply, therefore be necessary to improve as far as possible the capacity usage ratio of this type electricity generation system.
Because the power output of self wind-force or solar power system is unstable, and some time may be required lower than load, and therefore general self wind-force or solar power system are all equipped with storage battery and charging device thereof.In order effectively to use the function of storage battery storage power in electricity generation system, thereby must make full use of the energy that electricity generation system produces and carry out quick charge to this storage battery, with the power supply as load.But, if when storage battery carries out improper quick charge, easily cause damaging storage battery, shorten battery life.
Traditional storage battery charging method mainly comprises: current/voltage mise-a-la-masse method (constant current/constant voltage charging method) and pulse current charge method (pulse current charging method) etc. are determined in constant-current charge method (constant current charging method), constant-voltage charge method (constant voltage charging method), mixing.
In fact, possess skills separately advantage and shortcoming of aforementioned charging method.For example: little electric current constant-current charge method has long shortcoming of charging interval; Large electric current constant-current charge method has the shortcoming of damaging storage battery because overcharging.Constant-voltage charge method when causing accumulator voltage too low because of over-discharge can, in the time starting to charge, is damaged the shortcoming of storage battery because producing excessive charging current.Mixing is determined current/voltage mise-a-la-masse method and still cannot be improved the shortcoming that causes damaging storage battery because of large current charge.As for pulse current charge method, its damage to storage battery is less.
Generally speaking, the storage battery of commonly using the independent generating system (for example: wind-force or solar power system) of tool maximum power tracing function mostly adopts to be determined electric current and determines the charging of voltage two-part, adopts to mix and determines current/voltage mise-a-la-masse method.In the time that the output electric energy of this electricity generation system is less than the energy requirement Pa of load institute (bearing power) and the energy requirement Pb of charge in batteries institute (the maximum charge power of determining electric current of storage battery), this electricity generation system enters maximum power tracing pattern; In the time that the output electric energy of this electricity generation system is greater than the summation Pa+Pb of load institute's energy requirement and charge in batteries institute energy requirement, in order to prevent excessive charging current infringement storage battery, set point sum by the output power limit of this electricity generation system lower than this load institute's energy requirement and maximum charging current, that is must stop the maximum power tracing mechanism of this electricity generation system; Now, this electricity generation system cannot Maximum Power Output, and what its excess energy that can produce cannot be fully effective is output utilization.
Fig. 1 discloses the output power curve figure of the independent generating system of commonly using tool maximum power tracing function.In the time that this independent generating system is solar power system, its characteristics of output power curve P1, P2, P3 and P4 represent respectively the relation of this solar power system power output and its output end voltage under different days illumination, wherein the day illumination of curve P4 is the strongest, and the day illumination of curve P1 is the most weak.In addition, in the time that this independent generating system is wind generator system, its characteristics of output power curve P1, P2, P3 and P4 represent respectively the rotation speed relation of this wind generator system power output and its generator under different wind-force, and wherein the wind speed of curve P4 wind speed time wind speed time wind speed weak and curve P1 strong, curve P2 the strongest, curve P3 is the most weak.Please refer to shown in Fig. 1, wherein in the time that the maximum power region of curve P3 and P4 is greater than the summation Pa+Pb of load institute's energy requirement and charge in batteries institute energy requirement, to limit the power output of this independent generating system at the summation Pa+Pb of load institute's energy requirement and charge in batteries institute energy requirement, thereby cause its power output that cannot fully effectively utilize this independent generating system (as shown in the net region in Fig. 1).
Another commonly uses solar energy pulse charging device, and as No. 566745th, TaiWan, China patent announcement, the charging method of its announcement is similar to aforementioned charging method.Another commonly uses the charging method of the charging device of tool maximum power tracing function, as U.S.'s publication has disclosed the charging method of solar power system charging device for No. 2006/0174939, it after a charging device is exported a burning voltage, then exports solar energy to storage battery and load.In the time that its power output is less than the summation of charge in batteries and load consumption power, this charging device can be carried out maximum power tracing mechanism; Otherwise, in the time that its power output is greater than the summation of charge in batteries and load consumption power, this charging device stops carrying out maximum power tracing mechanism, and its power output is set in to the summation of charge in batteries and load consumption power, to maintain output one fixed voltage, this charging method is for determining voltage method.
Obviously, although this No. 2006/0174939 exportable burning voltage of patent damages load to avoid the violent variation of this output voltage, and further simplied system structure, when storage battery is during in low energy storage state, its voltage is lower; Now, if when charging device starts to be enabled in constant-voltage charge pattern, because the voltage difference distance of storage battery and charging device is excessive, thereby produce excessive charging current, this excessive charging current, except shortening the useful life of storage battery, also may be damaged this charging device.In brief, the charging method of this No. 2006/0174939 patent is still necessary further to improve its shortcoming, to avoid damaging this charging device and storage battery; In other words,, in the time that the mise-a-la-masse method of the charging device of tool maximum power tracing function and other charging methods are integrated, be also still necessary suitably to improve its shortcoming.
TaiWan, China patent Publication discloses the accumulator charging method of the wind generator system of tool maximum power tracing function for No. 200825278, but the method need be used a DC-to-DC converter and pulse control (generation) circuit, and the accumulator charging method of this wind generator system comprises five kinds of mode of operations.Therefore, no matter hardware control circuit or control mode all have more complicated shortcoming.In fact, the present invention does not need to arrange under pulse control circuit, utilizes a switch controlling DC-to-DC converter (buck-converter, voltage-boosting converter or liter-buck-converter) can reach the functions such as maximum power tracing, pulse current charge, constant-voltage charge.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, in order to improve above-mentioned shortcoming, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of battery charging plant of independent generating system of tool maximum power tracing function, and this battery charging plant comprises a DC-to-DC converter and a control circuit; This this DC-to-DC converter of control circuit control, so that this DC-to-DC converter has four mode of operations, these four mode of operations comprise maximum power tracing function, pulse current charge function, constant-voltage charge function or its combination, to reach the object of simplifying hardware circuit and charge mode.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of accumulator charging method of independent generating system of tool maximum power tracing function, when the power output of this independent generating system hour, start maximum power tracing function, its charging current is a continuous current; In the time that the power output of this independent generating system is larger, it adopts pulse charge method, and is not exceeding under the summation of bearing power and predetermined storage battery maximum impulse charge power, and it can continue to carry out this maximum power tracing function; Be greater than the summation of bearing power and predetermined maximum impulse charge power once the power output of this independent generating system, end to carry out this maximum power tracing function; And once exceed a predetermined constant-voltage charge voltage when this battery tension, adopt constant-voltage charge.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of accumulator charging method of independent generating system of tool maximum power tracing function, it provides four mode of operations, when the power output of independent generating system hour, start maximum power tracing function, the charging current of its storage battery is a continuous current, if when the power output of this electricity generation system is less than bearing power, jointly supply electric power to this load by this electricity generation system and storage battery, in the time that this cell voltage is scheduled to minimum discharge voltage value lower than one, cut off this load; In the time that the power output of this independent generating system is greater than that this bearing power and storage battery are maximum determines the summation of charge power of electric current, it changes employing pulse charge method, and do not exceeding under the summation of this bearing power and predetermined storage battery maximum impulse charge power, it can continue to carry out this maximum power tracing function; Exceed the summation of this bearing power and predetermined storage battery maximum impulse charge power once the power output of this independent generating system, end to carry out this maximum power tracing function, in the time that this battery tension exceedes predetermined constant-voltage charge voltage, adopt constant-voltage charge, to prevent that this storage battery from overcharging, to reach the object of utilance of effective lifting independent generating system power output.
For achieving the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A battery charging plant for the independent generating system of tool maximum power tracing function, comprises: DC-to-DC converter, and it has several electronic power switch elements; Control circuit, it controls the electronic power switch element of described DC-to-DC converter.
Its accumulator charging method comprises:
When the power output of electricity generation system hour, this DC-to-DC converter of this control circuit control starts maximum power tracing function, the charging current of its storage battery is a continuous current, if when the power output of this electricity generation system is less than bearing power, jointly supply electric power to this load by this electricity generation system and storage battery, in the time that this battery tension is scheduled to minimum discharge voltage value lower than one, cut off this load;
In the time that the power output of this electricity generation system is greater than that this bearing power and storage battery are maximum determines the summation of charge power of electric current, this DC-to-DC converter of this control circuit control adopts pulse charge method, and do not exceeding under the summation of this bearing power and predetermined storage battery maximum impulse charge power, it can continue to carry out this maximum power tracing function;
Be greater than the summation of this bearing power and predetermined storage battery maximum impulse charge power once the power output of this electricity generation system, this DC-to-DC converter of this control circuit control ends to carry out this maximum power tracing function, and this control circuit is also controlled this DC-to-DC converter and maintained under this predetermined storage battery maximum impulse charge power and charge; And
In the time that this battery tension exceedes a predetermined constant-voltage charge voltage, this DC-to-DC converter of this control circuit control adopts constant-voltage charge, to prevent that this storage battery from overcharging.
The invention has the advantages that:
Charging method of the present invention utilizes this control circuit and DC-to-DC converter to select maximum power tracing function, pulse current charge function, constant-voltage charge function or its combination according to power output and the battery condition of this electricity generation system, thereby effectively promotes the utilance of independent generating system power output.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the output power curve figure that commonly uses the independent generating system of tool maximum power tracing function.
Fig. 2 is the independent generating system of tool maximum power tracing function of preferred embodiment of the present invention and the calcspar of battery charging plant.
In the battery charging plant of the independent generating system of the tool maximum power tracing function that Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 C is preferred embodiment of the present invention, adopt the circuit diagram of DC-to-DC converter.
Fig. 3 is the accumulator charging method output power curve figure of the independent generating system of the tool maximum power tracing function of preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the accumulator charging method of the independent generating system of the tool maximum power tracing function of preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart that the independent generating system of the tool maximum power tracing function of preferred embodiment of the present invention adopts maximum power tracing method.
Embodiment
In order fully to understand the present invention, below will exemplify preferred embodiment and coordinate appended graphic elaborating, and it is not in order to limit the present invention.
The battery charging plant of the independent generating system of the tool maximum power tracing function of preferred embodiment of the present invention can be applicable to wind power generation, solar power generation or other renewable source of energy generation, and it is not in order to limit the present invention.
Fig. 2 discloses the independent generating system of tool maximum power tracing function of preferred embodiment of the present invention and the calcspar of battery charging plant.Please refer to shown in Fig. 2, the battery charger of the independent generating system of the maximum power tracing function of preferred embodiment tool of the present invention comprises independent generating system 1, DC-to-DC converter 2, control circuit 3, storage battery 4 and switch 6.This independent generating system 1 is in order to DC power supply to be provided, and this independent generating system 1 is chosen as solar storage battery or the wind generator system through rectification.The input of this DC-to-DC converter 2 is connected to the output of this independent generating system 1, and the output of this DC-to-DC converter 2 is connected in parallel to this storage battery 4, and this storage battery 4 is connected in parallel to load 5 through this switch 6, to supply electric energy to this load 5.This control circuit 3 is connected to this DC-to-DC converter 2, and it,, in order to control this DC-to-DC converter 2, makes it have maximum power tracing function, pulse current charge function and constant-voltage charge function etc.This control circuit 3 is carried out maximum power tracing function, pulse current charge function, constant-voltage charge function or its combination according to the power output of this independent generating system 1 and the condition selecting of this storage battery 4, to reach the object of utilance of effective lifting independent generating system power output.This storage battery 4 can be in order to store or release electric energy.When the power output of this independent generating system 1 hour, this control circuit 3 is controlled this DC-to-DC converter 2 and is carried out these maximum power tracing functions, to utilizing the peak power output of this independent generating system 1; Now, the charge power of this storage battery 4 is the poor of the peak power output of this independent generating system 1 and the power of this load 5, and its charging current is continuous current; Now, adopt continuous current can be filled with larger energy compared with pulse current charge to these storage battery 4 chargings, if and the power output of this independent generating system 1 is while being less than the power of this load 5, jointly supply electric power to this load 5 by this storage battery 4 and this independent generating system 1, when the voltage of this storage battery 4 is during lower than predetermined minimum discharge voltage value, open this switch 6 and cut off this load 5.When the maximum that is greater than this storage battery 4 when the power output of this independent generating system 1 is determined the summation of the charge power of electric current and the power of this load 5, this control circuit 3 is controlled this DC-to-DC converter 2 and is carried out pulse charge method, and do not exceeding under the power of this load 5 and the predetermined maximum impulse charge power of storage battery 4, carry out maximum power tracing function, to making full use of the peak power output of this independent generating system 1.Be greater than the summation of the power of this load 5 and the predetermined maximum impulse charge power of storage battery 4 once the power output of this independent generating system 1, this control circuit 3 is controlled this DC-to-DC converter 2 and is ended to carry out this maximum power tracing function, this control circuit 3 also control this DC-to-DC converter 2 by the output power limit of this independent generating system 1 summation at the power of this load 5 and the predetermined maximum impulse charge power of storage battery 4, now this control circuit 3 is controlled the still lasting pulse current charge function of carrying out of this DC-to-DC converter 2, with pulse mode, this storage battery 4 is charged.In the time that the voltage of this storage battery 4 is greater than predetermined constant-voltage charge magnitude of voltage, these control circuit 3 stopping pulse charge functions, now this control circuit 3 is controlled this DC-to-DC converter 2 and is carried out constant-voltage charge function, to determine voltage, this storage battery 4 is charged.
In the battery charging plant of the independent generating system of the tool maximum power tracing function of Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 C announcement preferred embodiment of the present invention, adopt the circuit diagram of DC-to-DC converter.Please refer to shown in Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 C, the present invention can adopt non-isolated DC-to-DC converter charge construction, it is selected from buck-converter (buck converter), the voltage-boosting converter (boost converter) of Fig. 2 B or the liter-buck-converter (buck-boost converter) of Fig. 2 C etc. of Fig. 2 A, and it is not in order to limit scope of the present invention.The framework of this buck-converter, voltage-boosting converter and liter-buck-converter is to commonly use DC-to-DC converter charge construction, and in this, it will not go into details.Described control circuit 3 is in order to control the electronic power switch element of this DC-to-DC converter 2 (buck-converter, voltage-boosting converter or liter-buck-converter), to carry out function or its combinations such as maximum power tracing, pulse current charge, constant-voltage charge.Liter-buck-converter of the buck-converter of Fig. 2 A, the voltage-boosting converter of Fig. 2 B or Fig. 2 C has a switch S 1, and only need a switch S 1 (electronic power switch), it is in order to carry out function or its combinations such as maximum power tracing, pulse current charge, constant-voltage charge.Buck-converter, voltage-boosting converter liter-buck-converter are DC-to-DC converter.Therefore, the present invention does not need to arrange pulse control circuit.
Fig. 3 discloses the accumulator charging method output power curve figure of the independent generating system of the tool maximum power tracing function of preferred embodiment of the present invention.In the time that this independent generating system 1 is solar power system, its characteristics of output power curve P1, P2, P3 and P4 represent respectively the relation of this solar power system power output and its output end voltage under different days illumination, wherein the day illumination of curve P4 is the strongest, and the day illumination of curve P1 is the most weak.In addition, in the time that this independent generating system 1 is wind generator system, its characteristics of output power curve P1, P2, P3 and P4 represent respectively the rotation speed relation of this wind generator system power output and its generator under different wind-force, and wherein the wind speed of curve P4 is the strongest, and the wind speed of curve P1 is the most weak.Please refer to shown in Fig. 3, it indicates the first power-limiting Pa, the second power-limiting Pa+Pb and the 3rd power-limiting Pa+Pc; Wherein Pa is that bearing power, Pb are the maximum charge power of determining electric current of storage battery, and Pc is predetermined storage battery maximum impulse charge power, and the 3rd power-limiting Pa+Pc is greater than the second power-limiting Pa+Pb.Maximum power region (as shown in the net region of Fig. 3) at curve P4 is greater than the 3rd power-limiting Pa+Pc, thereby it is only in the time of the power curve P4 that solar illuminance or wind-force cause very by force producing, and cannot carry out maximum power tracing function.During by Fig. 3 and Fig. 1 comparison, the present invention cannot fully effectively utilize the power output part of this independent generating system 1 much smaller than the charging device (as shown in Figure 1) of commonly using independent generating system; Therefore, the battery charging plant of the independent generating system of tool maximum power tracing function of the present invention more can effectively utilize the output energy of this independent generating system 1 with respect to the charging device of commonly using independent generating system, to accelerate charge in batteries speed and to shorten the charge in batteries time.
Shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 C and Fig. 3, the battery charging plant of the independent generating system of the tool maximum power tracing function of preferred embodiment of the present invention provides four mode of operations, to carry out maximum power tracing, pulse current charge, constant-voltage charge or its combination.In the time that the power output of independent generating system 1 is equal to or greater than this first power-limiting Pa but is less than the second power-limiting Pa+Pb, carry out the first mode of operation, control circuit 3 is controlled DC-to-DC converter 2 and is carried out maximum power tracing function, to utilizing the peak power output of this independent generating system 1; Now, switch 6 closures, output one power is to load 5, and the charge power of storage battery 4 is the poor of the peak power output of independent generating system 1 and load 5 power, its charging current is continuous current, and 4 chargings can be filled with larger energy compared with pulse current charge to storage battery now to adopt continuous current; And in the time that the power output of independent generating system 1 is less than the first power-limiting Pa, control circuit 3 is controlled DC-to-DC converter 2 and carried out maximum power tracing function, now independent generating system 1 is supplied electric power to load 5 jointly with storage battery 4., form open circuit by control switch 6, and cut off load 5, to avoid storage battery 4 over-discharge can lower than predetermined minimum discharge voltage value once the voltage of storage battery 4; Cutting off after load 5, still utilizing the power output of independent generating system 1 to charge to storage battery 4, the minimum discharge voltage value that the better predetermined minimum voltage value of storage battery 4 is advised by storage battery factory obtains.In the first mode of operation, utilize the switch S 1 of controlling DC-to-DC converter, carry out maximum power tracing to control this DC-to-DC converter 2, this DC-to-DC converter 2 is reached maximum power tracing function.
Shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 C and Fig. 3, in the time that the power output of independent generating system 1 is greater than the second power-limiting Pa+Pb but is less than the 3rd power-limiting Pa+Pc, carry out the second mode of operation, now storage battery 4 should not adopt continuous current charging again, affect the life-span otherwise storage battery 4 possibilities are overheated, under the second mode of operation, control circuit 3 is controlled DC-to-DC converter 2 and is carried out pulse charge method, and continue to carry out maximum power tracing function, to utilizing the peak power output of independent generating system 1; Now, switch 6 closures, to export a power to load 5.In the second mode of operation, utilize the switch S 1 of DC-to-DC converter in a predetermined period of time, to be divided into two sections of times controls, wherein within a period of time, utilize the switch S 1 of controlling DC-to-DC converter, to produce charging current; And the switch S 1 of controlling DC-to-DC converter within another a period of time is ended completely, therefore can produce an arteries and veins stream storage battery 4 is charged, this DC-to-DC converter 2 is reached pulse current charge function.This predetermined period of time is the arteries and veins current charge cycle, in the time controlling the switch S 1 of DC-to-DC converter, utilize responsibility cycle perturbation scheme to make maximum power tracing function, this DC-to-DC converter 2 is reached maximum power tracing function, therefore pulse current charge and maximum power tracing function can be bonded to the control circuit 3 of DC-to-DC converter 2, in the second mode of operation, this DC-to-DC converter 2 has maximum power tracing function and pulse current charge function simultaneously.
Shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 C and Fig. 3, in the time that the power output of independent generating system 1 is greater than the 3rd power-limiting Pa+Pc, carry out the 3rd mode of operation, now should not carry out again maximum power tracing function, otherwise can shorten the life-span of storage battery 4.Under the 3rd mode of operation, control circuit 3 ends to carry out maximum power tracing function, control circuit 3 control DC-to-DC converter 2 by the output power limit of independent generating system 1 summation at the power of load 5 and the predetermined maximum impulse charge power of storage battery 4, now control circuit 3 still continues to carry out pulse current charge function, with pulse mode, storage battery 4 is charged; Now, switch 6 closures, to export a power to load 5.In the 3rd mode of operation, utilize the switch S 1 of controlling DC-to-DC converter, to control the output current of this DC-to-DC converter 2, to reach pulse current charge, this DC-to-DC converter 2 is reached pulse current charge function.
Shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 C, in the time that the voltage of storage battery 4 is more than or equal to predetermined constant-voltage charge magnitude of voltage A1, carry out the 4th mode of operation, now should not recycle pulse current charge or continuous current charging modes charges to storage battery 4, otherwise cause storage battery 4 to overcharge and shorten life-span of storage battery 4.Under the 4th mode of operation, control circuit 3 stopping pulse charge functions, now control circuit 3 is controlled DC-to-DC converter 2 and is carried out constant-voltage charge function, to determine voltage, storage battery 4 is charged.This better predetermined constant-voltage charge magnitude of voltage A1 is obtained by the recommended value of storage battery factory.Now, switch 6 closures, to export a power to load 5.In the 4th mode of operation, utilize the switch S 1 of controlling DC-to-DC converter, to control the output voltage of this DC-to-DC converter 2, to reach constant-voltage charge, this DC-to-DC converter 2 is reached constant-voltage charge function.
Fig. 4 discloses the flow chart of the accumulator charging method of the independent generating system of the tool maximum power tracing function of preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Shown in the 2nd to 4 figure, first, the accumulator charging method of the independent generating system of the tool maximum power tracing function of preferred embodiment of the present invention judges whether the voltage of storage battery 4 is less than predetermined constant-voltage charge magnitude of voltage A1.
If when the voltage of storage battery 4 is not less than predetermined constant-voltage charge magnitude of voltage A1, directly carry out the 4th mode of operation, control circuit 3 is controlled DC-to-DC converter 2 and is carried out constant-voltage charge function, to determine voltage, storage battery 4 is charged;
If when the voltage of storage battery 4 is less than predetermined constant-voltage charge magnitude of voltage A1, select to carry out the first mode of operation or the second mode of operation or the 3rd mode of operation.Wherein:
In the time that the voltage of storage battery 4 is less than predetermined constant-voltage charge magnitude of voltage A1, judge whether the power output of independent generating system 1 is less than the second power-limiting Pa+Pb; If when the power output of independent generating system 1 is less than the second power-limiting Pa+Pb, carry out the first mode of operation, control DC-to-DC converter 2 by control circuit 3 and carry out maximum power tracing function, to utilizing the peak power output of independent generating system 1; Now switch 6 closures, export a power to load 5, the charge power of storage battery 4 is the poor of the peak power output of independent generating system 1 and the power of load 5, its charging current is continuous current, if when the power output of this independent generating system 1 is less than the first power-limiting Pa, storage battery 4 discharges, and storage battery 4 provides load 5 required power with independent generating system 1 jointly.Therefore,, in the time carrying out the first mode of operation, judge that whether the voltage of storage battery 4 is lower than predetermined minimum voltage value; If the voltage of storage battery 4 during lower than this predetermined minimum voltage value, forms open circuit by control switch 6, and cuts off load 5, to avoid storage battery 4 over-discharge can, and utilize the power output of independent generating system 1 to charge to storage battery 4.
If when the power output of independent generating system 1 is more than or equal to the second power-limiting Pa+Pb, then judge again whether the power output of independent generating system 1 is less than the 3rd power-limiting Pa+Pc.Wherein:
If when the power output of independent generating system 1 is less than the 3rd power-limiting Pa+Pc, carry out the second mode of operation, under the second mode of operation, this control circuit 3 is controlled DC-to-DC converter 2 and is carried out pulse charge method, and continue to carry out maximum power tracing function, to utilizing the peak power output of independent generating system 1; Now switch 6 closures, output one power is to load 5.Except pulse current charge function, control circuit 3 is still controlled DC-to-DC converter 2 and is carried out maximum power tracing function.
Otherwise, if when the power output of independent generating system 1 is more than or equal to the 3rd power-limiting Pa+Pc, carry out the 3rd mode of operation, under the 3rd mode of operation, control circuit 3 ends to carry out maximum power tracing function, control circuit 3 control DC-to-DC converter 2 by the output power limit of independent generating system 1 summation at the predetermined maximum impulse charge power of load 5 power and storage battery 4, now control circuit 3 still continues to carry out pulse current charge function, with pulse mode, storage battery 4 is charged; Now switch 6 closures, output one power is to load 5.
Then, carrying out after the first mode of operation, the second mode of operation, the 3rd mode of operation and the 4th mode of operation, then returning to judge whether the voltage of storage battery 4 is less than predetermined constant-voltage charge magnitude of voltage A1, to re-execute the judgement of mode of operation.
Fig. 5 discloses the maximum power tracing flow process mechanism that in the battery charging plant of independent generating system of the tool maximum power tracing function of preferred embodiment of the present invention, control circuit uses, it adopts responsibility cycle (duty cycle) perturbation scheme to follow the trail of the maximum power of this independent generating system 1, responsibility cycle is the electronic power switch ON time of this DC-to-DC converter 2 and the ratio of switching cycle, and so it is not in order to limit scope of the present invention.Please refer to shown in Fig. 5, first maximum power tracing flow process mechanism read the output voltage V of this independent generating system 1
sourceand electric current I
source, and calculate its power P
source(n), then via a front power P
sourceand this rated output P (n-1)
source(n) manner of comparison judges its responsibility cycle perturbation direction, as this rated output P
source(n) be greater than a front power P
source(n-1) time, represent that responsibility cycle perturbation direction is correct, must not change responsibility cycle perturbation direction, i.e. D (k+1)=D (k)+Δ D.(D is responsibility cycle, the variable quantity that Δ D is responsibility cycle) is as this rated output P
source(n) be less than a front power P
source(n-1) time, represent that responsibility cycle perturbation direction is incorrect, need to change responsibility cycle perturbation direction, therefore first carry out Δ D × (1), be D (k+1)=D (k)-Δ D, repeat above step so always and just can reach smoothly maximum power point, and rest near disturbance back and forth maximum power point.
Aforementioned preferred embodiment only illustrates the present invention and technical characterictic thereof, and the technology of this embodiment still can suitably be carried out various essence equivalence modifications and/or substitute mode is implemented; Therefore the scope that, interest field of the present invention should define depending on claims is as the criterion.
Claims (16)
1. a battery charging plant for independent generating system, is characterized in that comprising:
DC-to-DC converter, it has several electronic power switch elements;
Control circuit, it controls the electronic power switch element of described DC-to-DC converter;
Wherein, when the power output of independent generating system is equal to or greater than the first power-limiting but is less than the second power-limiting, this DC-to-DC converter of this control circuit control is carried out maximum power tracing function; And in the time that the power output of this independent generating system is less than the first power-limiting, this DC-to-DC converter of this control circuit control is carried out maximum power tracing function, now this independent generating system and this storage battery are supplied electric power jointly to load;
In the time that the power output of independent generating system is greater than the second power-limiting but is less than the 3rd power-limiting, this DC-to-DC converter of this control circuit control is carried out pulse charge method, and continues to carry out maximum power tracing function;
In the time that the power output of this independent generating system is greater than the 3rd power-limiting, this control circuit ends to carry out maximum power tracing function, this this DC-to-DC converter of control circuit control, summation by the output power limit of this independent generating system at the power of this load and the predetermined maximum impulse charge power of storage battery, this control circuit still continues to carry out pulse current charge function, with pulse mode, this storage battery is charged.
2. the battery charging plant of independent generating system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
In the time that the voltage of this storage battery is greater than predetermined constant-voltage charge magnitude of voltage, this control circuit stopping pulse charge function, this DC-to-DC converter of this control circuit control is carried out constant-voltage charge function, to determine voltage, this storage battery is charged.
3. the battery charging plant of independent generating system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
This independent generating system is connected to this storage battery through this DC-to-DC converter, and this storage battery is supplied electric energy to this load via switch.
4. the battery charging plant of independent generating system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
This control circuit is connected to this DC-to-DC converter, has maximum power tracing function, constant-voltage charge, pulse current charge function or its combination to control this DC-to-DC converter.
5. the battery charging plant of independent generating system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
In the time that the power output of this independent generating system is less than this bearing power, it starts this maximum power tracing function, this storage battery and independent generating system supply power to this load jointly, and whether the voltage that judges this storage battery is lower than predetermined minimum discharge voltage value, if when the voltage of this storage battery is scheduled to minimum discharge voltage value lower than this, form open circuit by controlling a switch, and cut off this load.
6. the battery charging plant of independent generating system as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that:
The minimum discharge voltage value that this predetermined minimum discharge voltage value is this storage battery.
7. the battery charging plant of independent generating system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
The maximum power that this control circuit adopts responsibility cycle perturbation scheme to follow the trail of this independent generating system.
8. the battery charging plant of independent generating system as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that:
The maximum power tracing system of this control circuit reads input voltage and the electric current of this independent generating system, and calculates its power, then judges its responsibility cycle perturbation direction via the manner of comparison of a front power and this rated output; In the time that this rated output is greater than a front power, responsibility cycle perturbation direction is correct, must not change responsibility cycle perturbation direction; In the time that this rated output is less than a front power, responsibility cycle perturbation direction is incorrect, needs to change responsibility cycle perturbation direction.
9. an accumulator charging method for independent generating system, is characterized in that comprising following steps:
In the time that the power output of this independent generating system is less than that bearing power and storage battery are maximum determine the summation of charge power of electric current, control circuit control DC-to-DC converter is carried out startup maximum power tracing function, and its charging current is continuous current;
In the time that the power output of this independent generating system is greater than that bearing power and storage battery are maximum determines the summation of charge power of electric current, this DC-to-DC converter of this control circuit control is carried out pulse charge method, and do not exceed in the power output of this independent generating system under the summation of this bearing power and storage battery maximum impulse charge power, it continues to carry out this maximum power tracing function;
In the time that the power output of this independent generating system is greater than the summation of bearing power and storage battery maximum impulse charge power, this DC-to-DC converter of this control circuit control ends to carry out this maximum power tracing function, and the power output of this independent generating system is maintained to the summation that is controlled at this bearing power and storage battery maximum impulse charge power, the horizontal pulse of going forward side by side charging.
10. the accumulator charging method of independent generating system as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that:
In the time that the voltage of this storage battery is greater than predetermined constant-voltage charge magnitude of voltage, this control circuit stopping pulse charge function, this DC-to-DC converter of this control circuit control is carried out constant-voltage charge function, to determine voltage, this storage battery is charged.
The accumulator charging method of 11. independent generating systems as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that:
This independent generating system is connected to this storage battery through this DC-to-DC converter, and this storage battery is supplied electric energy to this load via a switch.
The accumulator charging method of 12. independent generating systems as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that:
This control circuit is connected to this DC-to-DC converter, has maximum power tracing function, constant-voltage charge, pulse current charge function or its combination to control this DC-to-DC converter.
The accumulator charging method of 13. independent generating systems as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that:
In the time that the power output of this independent generating system is less than this bearing power, it starts this maximum power tracing function, this storage battery and independent generating system supply power to this load jointly, and whether the voltage that judges this storage battery is lower than predetermined minimum discharge voltage value, if when the voltage of this storage battery is scheduled to minimum discharge voltage value lower than this, form open circuit by controlling a switch, and cut off this load.
The accumulator charging method of 14. independent generating systems as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that:
The minimum discharge voltage value that this predetermined minimum discharge voltage value is this storage battery.
The accumulator charging method of 15. independent generating systems as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that:
The maximum power that adopts responsibility cycle perturbation scheme to follow the trail of this independent generating system.
The accumulator charging method of 16. independent generating systems as claimed in claim 15, is characterized in that:
The maximum power tracing system of this control circuit reads input voltage and the electric current of this independent generating system, and calculates its power, then judges its responsibility cycle perturbation direction via the manner of comparison of a front power and this rated output; In the time that this rated output is greater than a front power, responsibility cycle perturbation direction is correct, must not change responsibility cycle perturbation direction; In the time that this rated output is less than a front power, responsibility cycle perturbation direction is incorrect, needs to change responsibility cycle perturbation direction.
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| CN200810180491.7A CN101752879B (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2008-11-28 | Device and method for charging rechargeable battery of independent generating system |
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| CN200810180491.7A CN101752879B (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2008-11-28 | Device and method for charging rechargeable battery of independent generating system |
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| CN101752879B true CN101752879B (en) | 2014-11-12 |
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| CN101895129A (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2010-11-24 | 上海交通大学 | AC-DC-AC wind power generation cut-in control system |
| JP5915619B2 (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2016-05-11 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Photovoltaic power generation device and control method of solar power generation device |
| CN105807841B (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2018-03-30 | 艾思玛新能源技术（上海）有限公司苏州高新区分公司 | A kind of power ring controls limit for tonnage method and apparatus |
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| DE4336223C1 (en) * | 1993-10-23 | 1994-09-22 | Webasto Karosseriesysteme | Circuit arrangement for supplying power to a fan and/or battery in a vehicle by means of a solar generator |
| US6914418B2 (en) * | 2003-04-21 | 2005-07-05 | Phoenixtec Power Co., Ltd. | Multi-mode renewable power converter system |
| CN201041137Y (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-03-26 | 珠海泰能电子科技有限公司 | Maximum power tracking wind and light complementary system |
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| TWI232361B (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-05-11 | Delta Electronics Inc | Maximum-power tracking method and device of solar power generation system |
| JP2008090672A (en) * | 2006-10-03 | 2008-04-17 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Power conversion device and power conversion method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4336223C1 (en) * | 1993-10-23 | 1994-09-22 | Webasto Karosseriesysteme | Circuit arrangement for supplying power to a fan and/or battery in a vehicle by means of a solar generator |
| US6914418B2 (en) * | 2003-04-21 | 2005-07-05 | Phoenixtec Power Co., Ltd. | Multi-mode renewable power converter system |
| CN201041137Y (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-03-26 | 珠海泰能电子科技有限公司 | Maximum power tracking wind and light complementary system |
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