CN101750868A - Panoramic space three-dimensional display device simultaneously having horizontal and pitching multiple visual fields - Google Patents
Panoramic space three-dimensional display device simultaneously having horizontal and pitching multiple visual fields Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a panoramic space three-dimensional display device simultaneously having the horizontal and pitching multiple visual fields. The device comprises a high-speed projector, a selective transmission type directional diffusing screen, a reflecting mirror system and a rotating device, wherein the selective transmission type directional diffusing screen can control the diffusing angles of emergent light in different directions, so observers can see binocular parallax images in different visual angles in different positions in both the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the three-dimensional display of three-dimensional objects in the panoramic space can be realized. The panoramic space three-dimensional display device simultaneously having the horizontal and pitching multiple visual fields provided by the invention can display the horizontal periscopic images in 360 degrees in the three-dimensional scene, and can simultaneously provide the polyzonal in-site images in the pitching direction to realize the three-dimensional display. Based on the three-dimensional display system of the invention, the visual spatial three-dimensional perfect display with the space eliminating and hiding function for multiple persons to watch by naked eyes in the 360-degree surrounded way can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to display device, relate in particular to a kind of panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously.
Background technology
People produce by multiple depth cueing the 3 D stereo perception of object, mainly comprise binocular parallax, motion parallax, adjusting etc.The optical devices or the structure that can produce binocular parallax can both allow the observer produce three-dimensional stereoscopic visual.Along with the progress of science and technology, display technique is shown progressively to novel stereoscopic three-dimensional display direction development by traditional two dimension.Dimension display technologies comprises that mainly stereoscopic 3-D display, automatic stereoscopic 3-D display, hologram three-dimensional show and the body 3-D display at present.The range of application of dimension display technologies is also very extensive, shows and Commdity advertisement etc. all has good prospect aspect many in virtual reality, medical imaging, exploration, building, video display amusement, video communication, science.At present, parallax demonstration based on flat pannel display and parallax grating or the combination of array cylindrical mirror progressively enters the practical stage, this display technique can realize various visual angles parallax stereo display automatically, be generally the stereoscopic 3-D display of units visual angle number, since the restriction of visual angle and displaying principle, this technology can't realize stereo scene 360 ° in space around 3-D display.In recent years, 360 ° of space three-dimensionals show becomes the overdevelopment point, and this display mode is a kind of display technique of watching actual physics space three-dimensional object more near people.People have proposed the whole bag of tricks, and wherein the body dimension display technologies is a kind of the most representational technology.Traditional body 3-D display comprises that demonstration of volume silent oscillation and volume scan type and show two classes.The method of two kinds of body 3-D display all is to realize the 3-D display of body space object by the brightness of each voxel that distributes in the control volume space.This method shows by the mode that scans the slice information of three-dimensional scenic profile in body space.This method has horizontal parallax and vertical parallax, can look around for 360 °, be fit to many people bore hole and watch, but the three-dimensional scenic that shows has an X-rayed, can not the implementation space occlusion effect.In order to overcome traditional body 3-D display the shortcoming of a great difference can not blanking be arranged when watching actual three-dimensional scence, many scientific research institutions have carried out relevant research, combination 3-D display and from the principle and the method for stereoscopic 3-D display has proposed a lot of new methods.Wherein majority adopts the characteristic to Rotation screen to limit, the light emission direction of control emergent light, and realization can be looked around the also 3-D display of energy space blanking for 360 ° of bore holes of many people.But these methods that propose at present have a common characteristic to be, though all providing with the needed space of real space 3-D display, these methods block (blanking) effect, but only can provide the space three-dimensional of parallax to show, and the space three-dimensional display message of more pitching visual field can't be provided in 360 ° of directions of level.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously is provided.
A kind of panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously comprises first high-speed projector 1, first mirror system 2, wheelwork 3 and selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4; Selective transmission formula directional scattering shields 4 centers and is provided with wheelwork 3, and wheelwork 3 upper ends are provided with first mirror system 2, is provided with first high-speed projector 1 in the corresponding position of first mirror system 2.Described first mirror system 2 is a single layer structure, is made up of 1 or polylith first catoptron 5, and every first catoptron 5 becomes different angles with surface level.Described first mirror system 2 also can be sandwich construction, and each layer is made up of 1 or polylith first catoptron 5, becomes equal angular with first catoptron 5 of one deck with surface level, and first catoptron 5 of different layers becomes different angles with surface level.Described first mirror system 2 is a sandwich construction, and each layer is made up of 1 or polylith first catoptron 5, becomes different angles with first catoptron 5 of one deck with surface level.
The another kind of panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously comprises first high-speed projector 1, second mirror system 6, wheelwork 3 and selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4.Wheelwork 3 is provided with second mirror system 6, has selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4 and first high-speed projector 1 on second mirror system 6.Described second mirror system 6 comprises the first mirror group 7, the second mirror group 8.The first mirror group 7 is positioned at the center of second mirror system 6, and the second mirror group 8 is positioned at the outside of second mirror system 6; The first mirror group 7 or the second mirror group 8 are catoptron, reflecting prism or catoptron more than one and the combination of reflecting prism.The described first mirror group 7 or the second mirror group 8 are the single or multiple lift structure.
The another kind of panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously comprises that first high-speed projector 1, second high-speed projector 9, second mirror system 6, three-mirror system 10, two wheelworks 3 and selective transmission formula directional scattering shield 4; On two wheelworks 3, be respectively equipped with second mirror system 6 and the three-mirror system 10, between second mirror system 6 and three-mirror system 10, be provided with selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4, be respectively equipped with first high-speed projector 1 and second high-speed projector 9 in the corresponding position of two wheelworks 3.Described second mirror system 6 comprises the first mirror group 7 and the second mirror group 8; Described three-mirror system 10 comprises that the 3rd mirror group 11 and the 4th mirror group 12, the first mirror groups 7, the second mirror group 8, the 3rd mirror group 11 or the 4th mirror group 12 are catoptron, reflecting prism or catoptron more than one and the combination of reflecting prism.The described first mirror group 7, the second mirror group 8, the 3rd mirror group 11 or the 4th mirror group 12 are the single or multiple lift structure.
Described selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4 is the optical element of the holographic directional scattering screen of transmission-type, binary optical elements or optical grating construction; The structure of described selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4 is the face of cylinder or multi-prismatic surface.
A kind of panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously that the present invention proposes, mainly utilized selective transmission formula directional scattering screen selection permeability in different directions, 360 ° around on the visual basis, visual field in the horizontal direction, by changing the angle of inclination of rotating mirror, added a plurality of endless belt visual field in vertical direction.The present invention has proposed more general structure to the shape of selective transmission formula directional scattering screen, is the face of cylinder or multi-prismatic surface.A kind of panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously that the present invention proposes, mainly adopted three kinds of modes to realize that the panorama space three-dimensional shows, high-speed projector and selective transmission formula directional scattering screen are fixed part, rotating part only is a mirror system, system architecture is simple relatively, be well positioned to meet be in the diverse location differing heights many people simultaneously around observation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure three-dimensional synoptic diagram that has the panoramic space three-dimensional display device I type of level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of individual layer first mirror system;
Fig. 3 is structure example one synoptic diagram of multilayer first mirror system;
Fig. 4 is structure example two synoptic diagram of multilayer first mirror system;
Fig. 5 is structure example three synoptic diagram of multilayer first mirror system;
Fig. 6 is a kind of structural representation that has the panoramic space three-dimensional display device II type of level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously;
Fig. 7 is a kind of structural representation that has the panoramic space three-dimensional display device III type of level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously;
Fig. 8 (a) is the structural representation of the selective transmission formula directional scattering screen on the face of cylinder;
Fig. 8 (b) is the structural representation of the selective transmission formula directional scattering screen of quadrangular face;
Fig. 8 (c) is the structural representation of the selective transmission formula directional scattering screen of six prismatic surfaces;
Among the figure: first high-speed projector 1, first mirror system 2, wheelwork 3, selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4, first catoptron 5, second mirror system 6, the first mirror group 7, the second mirror group 8, second high-speed projector 9, three-mirror system 10, the 3rd mirror group 11, the 4th mirror group 12.
Embodiment
A kind of panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously, mainly utilized selective transmission formula directional scattering screen selection permeability in different directions, 360 ° around on the visual basis, visual field in the horizontal direction, by changing the angle of inclination of rotating mirror, add a plurality of endless belt visual field in vertical direction, realized the 3-D display of a plurality of pitching visual field.This three-dimensional display apparatus can demonstrate the horizontal panoramas of 360 ° of three-dimensional scenic also provide many endless belt visual field simultaneously in pitch orientation demonstration simultaneously, the perfection that realizes the space three-dimensional of real carrying space blanking function shows, can observe for 360 ° of many people levels and pitching multi.
As shown in Figure 1, the panoramic space three-dimensional display device I type that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously mainly comprises first fixing high-speed projector 1 and selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4, rotating part is first mirror system 2, and it is installed on the wheelwork 3 and rotates together thereupon.First high-speed projector 1 is positioned at the device top, corresponding first mirror system 2 that is provided with rotation in its below, and fixing selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4 is positioned at the outside of first mirror system 2.Fixing selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4 limits as the angle of divergence of the emergent ray of display screen after to different directions incident, to realize having simultaneously the panorama space three-dimensional demonstration of level and pitching multiple visual fields.Computing machine will need the image at 360 ° of each visual angles of level of the three-dimensional scenic differing heights viewpoint that shows to carry out processed group to merge and import in first high-speed projector 1 for demonstration in advance.First high-speed projector 1 projects the combination image of handling well successively, projects on the endless belt visual field of differing heights to show with the panorama space three-dimensional that adapts to different pitching visual angle after first mirror system 2 is with light ray bending.After first mirror system 2 is by wheelwork 3 driven rotary, realize refreshing to 360 ° of different visual angles of horizontal direction.Suppose that first mirror system 2 is made up of 2 first catoptrons 5,2 first catoptrons 5 are different from the angle of surface level to adapt to the endless belt visual field of 2 differing heights so.When first mirror system 2 rotates a circle, 3-D view is just finished once the refreshing of visual field, panorama space at 360 ° of full visual angles of level, 2 pitching visual angles, so the rotating speed of first mirror system 2 is fast more, the 3-D view that is obtained can be more stable.The general wheelwork of working as reaches more than 15 commentaries on classics, and also more than 15Hz, the 3-D view of demonstration can reduce flickering to refreshing frequency, and is relatively stable.In whole device, the projected frame speed of first high-speed projector 1 will be complementary with the rotating speed of system.Suppose the individual visual angle of total n of a week (n＞10 are integer) in the horizontal direction, the projected frame speed of first high-speed projector 1 is v frame/second, and the rotating speed of wheelwork 3 is ω revolutions per second, so the satisfied v=ω n that concerns of three.Have only the above-mentioned relation of satisfying, system could realize the direction of also determining the demonstration three-dimensional scenic synchronously of rotation and projection, and the 3-D view that whole device demonstrates could be stablized.Certainly, system also can spin upside down, and first high-speed projector 1 projection from bottom to top can realize that still the panorama space three-dimensional that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously shows.Different mounting meanss for panoramic space three-dimensional display device adapt to varying environment and scene brought convenient.
As shown in Figure 2, described first mirror system 2 is a single layer structure, is made up of 1 or polylith first catoptron 5.First catoptron 5 becomes different angles with surface level, on the endless belt visual field of the differing heights of the image that 1 projection of first high-speed projector goes out through projecting to selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4 after first catoptron, 5 reflections of different angles.First mirror system is installed on the wheelwork 3 and rotates together thereupon.The rotating shaft of wheelwork 3 not necessarily overlaps with the center of first mirror system.Suppose that first mirror system 2 is made up of n (n 〉=2 for integer) piece first catoptron 5 and each piece is all different with the angle of surface level, so then correspondence the individual different pitching visual field of n, the refreshing frequency of 3-D view is identical with the rotational frequency of wheelwork 3.When some first catoptron 5 in first mirror system 2 became equal angular with surface level, the image by these first catoptron 5 selective transmission formula directional scatterings that project to screens 4 was corresponding to same endless belt visual field; Become the endless belt visual field of first catoptron 5 of different angles corresponding to differing heights with surface level, image by these first catoptron 5 selective transmission formula directional scattering that projects to screens 4 is positioned on the different height of screen, has realized also when having 360 ° of full-view visual fields of horizontal direction with realization that the space of a plurality of pitching visual field shows.
As shown in Figure 3, described first mirror system 2 is a sandwich construction, and each layer is made up of 1 or polylith first catoptron 5, becomes equal angular with surface level, the endless belt visual field that the different layers correspondence is different with first catoptron 5 of one deck.First mirror system 2 of this structure is a kind of symmetrical structure, and each layer is all corresponding to same endless belt visual field.First high-speed projector 1 comes out image projection, through with the image of one deck first mirror system 2 reflections corresponding to same pitching endless belt visual field.The different realization of angle that the pitching visual field becomes by each layer first catoptron 5 and surface level.As shown in Figure 4, described first mirror system 2 is a sandwich construction, each layer is made up of 1 first catoptron 5, each piece first catoptron 5 all becomes different angles with surface level, the full-view visual field space three-dimensional that also can realize a plurality of pitching visual field shows that the rotational frequency of wheelwork 3 is the refreshing frequency of 3-D view.Suppose that first mirror system 2 is m (m 〉=2 are integer) layer structure, each layer is made up of n (n 〉=1 is an integer) piece first catoptron 5, so then corresponding m different pitching visual field, and the refreshing frequency of 3-D view be wheelwork 3 rotational frequency n doubly.Under the identical situation of rotating speed, this symmetrical structure has improved the refreshing frequency of 3-D view.Simultaneously because the symmetry of structure, also balance, stable more for the rotation of device.
As shown in Figure 5, described first mirror system 2 is a sandwich construction, and each layer is made up of 1 or polylith first catoptron 5, becomes different angles with first catoptron 5 of one deck with surface level, becomes the corresponding different endless belt visual field of catoptron of different angles with surface level.This structure is a kind of asymmetric structure, and first catoptron 5 that becomes equal angular with surface level can all have the image of a plurality of visual fields of pitching corresponding with it corresponding to unidirectional endless belt visual field to the observer of different height.
As shown in Figure 6, have the panoramic space three-dimensional display device II type of level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously, comprise first high-speed projector 1, second mirror system 6, wheelwork 3 and selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4.Second mirror system 6 is installed on the wheelwork 3 and rotates together thereupon, is provided with first high-speed projector 1 and selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4 in the both sides correspondence of second mirror system 6.Described second mirror system 6 comprises the first mirror group 7, the second mirror group 8; The first mirror group 7 is positioned at the center of second mirror system 6, and the second mirror group 8 is positioned at the outside of second mirror system 6.The first mirror group 7 and the second mirror group 8 are the single or multiple lift structure, are the combination of polylith catoptron, reflecting prism or catoptron and reflecting prism.Computing machine will need the image at 360 ° of each visual angles of level of the three-dimensional scenic differing heights viewpoint that shows to carry out processed group to merge and import in first high-speed projector 1 for demonstration in advance.First high-speed projector 1 projects the combination image of handling well successively, and the first mirror group 7 in second mirror system 6 and the second mirror group 8 project to after with light ray bending on the endless belt visual field of the differing heights that differs 180 ° and show with the panorama space three-dimensional that adapts to different pitching visual angle.Drive 6 rotations of second mirror system by wheelwork 3 and realize refreshing of 360 ° of full-view visual fields of horizontal direction.The rotating speed of second mirror system 6 is fast more, and the 3-D view that is obtained can be stable further.Same this structure also need to guarantee to rotate with projection synchronously, could make the 3-D view maintenance that shows stablize.First high-speed projector 1 can be positioned at device below, projection from the bottom up; Also can be positioned at the device top, projection from top to bottom.This structure rotating part separates with projection screen, and selective transmission formula directional scattering shields 4 inside without any rotating part, installs simply, can adapt to the application of multiple different scenes.
As shown in Figure 7, the panoramic space three-dimensional display device III type that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously comprises first high-speed projector 1, second high-speed projector 9, second mirror system 6, three-mirror system 10, wheelwork 3 and selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4; On two wheelworks 3, be respectively equipped with second mirror system 6 and the three-mirror system 10, between second mirror system 6 and three-mirror system 10, be provided with selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4, be respectively equipped with first high-speed projector 1 and second high-speed projector 9 in the corresponding position of two wheelworks 3.Described second mirror system 6 comprises the first mirror group 7 and the second mirror group 8; Described three-mirror system 10 comprises the 3rd mirror group 11 and the 4th mirror group 12.The first mirror group 7, the second mirror group 8, the 3rd mirror group 11 and the 4th mirror group 12 are the single or multiple lift structure, are the combination of polylith catoptron, reflecting prism or catoptron and reflecting prism.First high-speed projector 1 is positioned at device below, projection from the bottom up; Second high-speed projector 9 is positioned at device top, projection from top to bottom.First high-speed projector 1 will be come out from below rotating shaft central projection by the good combination image of Computer Processing, after the first mirror group 7 of image in second mirror system 6, project on the selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4 through 8 turnovers of the second mirror group again; Second high-speed projector 9 will be come out from top rotating shaft central projection by the good combination image of Computer Processing, after the 3rd mirror group 11 of image in three-mirror system 10, project on the selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4 through 12 turnovers of the 4th mirror group again.The image that first high-speed projector 1 and second high-speed projector 9 are launched is thrown on the endless belt of screen differing heights, to adapt to different pitching visual angles.Drive refreshing of second mirror system 6 and three-mirror system 10 rotation realization 360 ° of full-view visual fields of horizontal direction by wheelwork 3.Under the same rotational speed condition, adopt the mode and the mode that adopts single high-speed projector of two high-speed projectors, the refreshing frequency of its 3-D view doubles.The refreshing frequency and the degree of stability of display image have been improved so undoubtedly.Certainly, this mode also will guarantee the coupling between its system's rotation and the projector's frame frequency, determines 3-D view display orientation and the stability that guarantees 3-D view.
As shown in Figure 8, described selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4, screen are the optical element of the holographic directional scattering screen of transmission-type, binary optical elements or other optical grating constructions; The structure of described selective transmission formula directional scattering screen 4 is the face of cylinder or multi-prismatic surface.Screen limits the lighting angle of transmitted ray, sees through and the certain angle outgoing at vertical direction, in the horizontal direction directly low-angle transmission.Low-angle outgoing so in the horizontal direction guarantees can only see on the different positions, visual angle for the image that can watch on this visual angle, and outgoing at a certain angle guarantees the different image that different pitching visual field is watched because light sees through also in vertical direction.
Claims (10)
1. panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously, its characteristic are to comprise first high-speed projector (1), first mirror system (2), wheelwork (3) and selective transmission formula directional scattering screen (4); Selective transmission formula directional scattering screen (4) center is provided with wheelwork (3), and wheelwork (3) upper end is provided with first mirror system (2), is provided with first high-speed projector (1) in the corresponding position of first mirror system (2).
2. a kind of panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously according to claim 1, its characteristic is that described first mirror system (2) is single layer structure, be made up of 1 or polylith first catoptron (5), every first catoptron (5) becomes different angles with surface level.
3. a kind of panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously according to claim 1, its characteristic is that described first mirror system (2) is sandwich construction, each layer is made up of 1 or polylith first catoptron (5), first catoptron (5) with one deck becomes equal angular with surface level, and first catoptron (5) of different layers becomes different angles with surface level.
4. a kind of panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously according to claim 1, its characteristic is that described first mirror system (2) is sandwich construction, each layer is made up of 1 or polylith first catoptron (5), becomes different angles with first catoptron (5) of one deck with surface level.
5. panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously, its characteristic are to comprise first high-speed projector (1), second mirror system (6), wheelwork (3) and selective transmission formula directional scattering screen (4); Wheelwork (3) is provided with second mirror system (6), has selective transmission formula directional scattering screen (4) and first high-speed projector (1) on second mirror system (6).
6. a kind of panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously according to claim 5, its characteristic are that described second mirror system (6) comprises the first mirror group (7), the second mirror group (8); The first mirror group (7) is positioned at the center of second mirror system (6), and the second mirror group (8) is positioned at the outside of second mirror system (6); The first mirror group (7) or the second mirror group (8) are catoptron, reflecting prism or catoptron more than one and the combination of reflecting prism.
7. panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously, its characteristic are to comprise first high-speed projector (1), second high-speed projector (9), second mirror system (6), three-mirror system (10), two wheelworks (3) and selective transmission formula directional scattering screen (4); On two wheelworks (3), be respectively equipped with second mirror system (6) and three-mirror system (10), between second mirror system (6) and three-mirror system (10), be provided with selective transmission formula directional scattering screen (4), be respectively equipped with first high-speed projector (1) and second high-speed projector (9) in the corresponding position of two wheelworks (3).
8. a kind of panoramic space three-dimensional display device that has level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously according to claim 7, its characteristic are that described second mirror system (6) comprises the first mirror group (7) and the second mirror group (8); Described three-mirror system (10) comprises the 3rd mirror group (11) and the 4th mirror group (12), and the first mirror group (7), the second mirror group (8), the 3rd mirror group (11) or the 4th mirror group (12) are catoptron, reflecting prism or catoptron more than one and the combination of reflecting prism.
9. according to claim 6 or 8 described a kind of panoramic space three-dimensional display devices that have level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously, its characteristic is that the described first mirror group (7), the second mirror group (8), the 3rd mirror group (11) or the 4th mirror group (12) are the single or multiple lift structure.
10. according to claim 1,5 or 7 described a kind of panoramic space three-dimensional display devices that have level and pitching multiple visual fields simultaneously, its characteristic is the optical element of described selective transmission formula directional scattering screen (4) for the holographic directional scattering screen of transmission-type, binary optical elements or optical grating construction; The structure of described selective transmission formula directional scattering screen (4) is the face of cylinder or multi-prismatic surface.
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| CN2010100396049A CN101750868B (en) | 2010-01-08 | 2010-01-08 | Panoramic space three-dimensional display device simultaneously having horizontal and pitching multiple visual fields |
| PCT/CN2010/071088 WO2011020321A1 (en) | 2009-08-17 | 2010-03-17 | Panoramic viewing field three-dimensional display apparatus |
| US13/390,860 US9046758B2 (en) | 2009-08-17 | 2010-03-17 | Omnidirectional-view three-dimensional display apparatus |
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