CN101750675A - Controllable active coupling method of multi-core optical fiber - Google Patents
Controllable active coupling method of multi-core optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN101750675A CN101750675A CN201010033634A CN201010033634A CN101750675A CN 101750675 A CN101750675 A CN 101750675A CN 201010033634 A CN201010033634 A CN 201010033634A CN 201010033634 A CN201010033634 A CN 201010033634A CN 101750675 A CN101750675 A CN 101750675A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an active controllable coupling method of a multi-core optical fiber, which belongs to the field of optical fiber lasers and special optical fibers. The active controllable coupling method adopts an ultraviolet laser or a carbon dioxide laser or a femtosecond laser or an array of the lasers for exposure, thereby changing the refractive index of a coupling area among fiber cores in the multi-core optical fiber and realizing the active enhancement or weakening of the coupling among the fiber cores in the multi-core optical fiber. The refractive index of the actively enhanced coupling area among the fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber is larger than that of the coupling area before the exposure. The refractive index of the actively weakened coupling area among the fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber is smaller than that of the coupling area before the exposure. The adoption of the active controllable coupling method of the multi-core optical fiber can change the coupling quantity among the fiber cores in the multi-core optical fiber, reduce the design requirements of the multi-core optical fiber and have the advantages of easily meeting the application requirements on single-mode output of the multi-core optical fiber, coherent beam combination of the multi-core optical fiber, an optical switch and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of controllable active coupling method of multi-core optical fiber, belong to fiber laser, special optical fiber field.
Background technology
Fiber laser has been obtained increasingly extensive application with its remarkable performance and cheap price in fields such as optical fiber communication, industrial processes, medical treatment, military affairs.Although realized that in the laboratory single optical fiber output surpasses the single-mode laser of 1kW, and realized that this laser needs strict condition, be difficult to engineering and use; But along with the laser technology application and development, and the development of materials processing, space communtication, laser radar, photoelectronic warfare, laser weapon etc., the laser that needs high power, high-quality, high strength and superbright degree requires the single mode output power to reach MW even GW magnitude.Only adopt the double clad rare earth doped fiber laser instrument of the active fibre core of single mode, because the active fibre core core diameter of single mode is less than 10 μ m, be subjected to the restriction of non-linear, structural factor and diffraction limit, the optical power density of bearing is limited, and single mode Active Optical Fiber laser instrument fibre core continuous wave damaging thresholding is about 1W/ μ m
2[J.Nilsson, J.K.Sahu, Y.Jeong, W.A.Clarkson, R.Selvas, A.B.Grudinin, andS.U.Alam, " High Power Fiber Lasers:New Developments ", Proceedings of SPIEVol.4974,50-59 (2003)], its optical damage danger becomes a major challenge that realizes high-power single mode fiber laser.Except optical damage,, even can finally melt fibre core because the heat that high-power light produces also can be damaged optical fiber.Bibliographical information is arranged, the erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber laser instrument can produce 100W heat [J.Nilsson for every meter, S.U.Alam, J.A.Alvarez-Chavez, P.W.Turner, W.A.Clarkson, andA.B.Grudinin; " High-power and tunable operation of erbium-ytterbium co-dopedcladding-pumped fiber laser ", IEEE J.Quantum Electron.39,987-994 (2003)].
Adopt the fiber laser of multi-core fiber to realize single mode output, obtained experiment confirm.The effective mode field area of the multi-core fiber that adopts in the document reaches 465 μ m
2, more much bigger than general single mode fiber mode field area, therefore the laser instrument of this employing multi-core fiber can be exported than the higher power of laser instrument that adopts single-mode fiber.[Vogel，Moritz?M，Abdou-Ahmed，Marwan，Voss，Andreas，Graf，Thomas，“Very-large-mode-area，single-mode?multicore?fiber”，Opt.Lett.34(18)，2876-2878(2009)]。Yet the multi-core fiber that this single-mode laser adopts, core diameter and the distance between the adjacent fibre core to fiber core get design accurately, core diameter coherence request height to fiber core, allowable error to the core diameter of fiber core and the distance between the adjacent fibre core is little, and it is low to produce yield rate in batches.In case the multi-core fiber design has been finished, the coupling between the fiber core can't change and control, if the core diameter of each fiber core and the distance between the adjacent fibre core surpass allowable error, this multi-core fiber does not satisfy the condition of output single-mode laser.
Summary of the invention
Little in order to overcome existing multi-core fiber to the allowable error of the core diameter of fiber core and the distance between the adjacent fibre core, the coupled zone coupling amount between the low and fiber core of yield rate produced in batches can't change and weakness such as control, the present invention a kind of multi-core fiber active controllable coupling method for making, reduced the designing requirement of multi-core fiber.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The multi-core fiber active controllable coupling method, adopt the exposure of ultraviolet laser or carbon dioxide laser or femto-second laser or these laser arrays, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the interior fibre core of multi-core fiber, realize initiatively strengthening or weakening the coupling between the fibre core in the multi-core fiber.
The coupled zone refractive index that initiatively strengthens between the multi-core fiber fibre core is greater than the refractive index of the preceding coupled zone of exposure.
The coupled zone refractive index that initiatively weakens between the multi-core fiber fibre core is less than the refractive index of the preceding coupled zone of exposure.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is specific as follows: adopt the multi-core fiber active controllable coupling method, can change the coupling amount between the fibre core in the multi-core fiber, reduce the designing requirement of multi-core fiber, had the advantage of application requirements such as satisfying the output of multi-core fiber single mode, multi-core fiber coherent beam combination and photoswitch easily.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adopts the twin-core fiber sectional view of controllable active coupling method.
The A-A diagrammatic sketch of Fig. 2 Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 adopts three core fibre sectional views of controllable active coupling method.
The B-B diagrammatic sketch of Fig. 4 Fig. 3.
The C-C diagrammatic sketch of Fig. 5 Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 adopts six core fibre sectional views of controllable active coupling method.
The D-D diagrammatic sketch of Fig. 7 Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 adopts nine core fibre sectional views of controllable active coupling method.
The E-E diagrammatic sketch of Fig. 9 Fig. 8.
The F-F diagrammatic sketch of Figure 10 Fig. 8.
The G-G diagrammatic sketch of Figure 11 Fig. 8.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
Embodiment one
Adopt the controllable active coupling method of two fibre cores, as shown in Figure 1, 2.Among Fig. 1, the refractive index of inner cladding 2 is greater than the refractive index of surrounding layer 1, but less than first fibre core 3 in two core fibres and the refractive index of second fibre core 4.The cross section of first fibre core 3 and second fibre core 4 is circle.
The controlled active coupling of first fibre core 3 and 4 two fibre cores of second fibre core adopts the method for ultraviolet laser exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between first fibre core 3 and second fibre core 4, realize initiatively strengthening the coupling of first fibre core 3 and second fibre core 4, make the refractive index of the refractive index of first coupled zone 341 of winning between the fibre core 3 and second fibre core 4 and second coupled zone 342 greater than the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
Embodiment two
Adopt the controllable active coupling method of three fibre cores, as Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5.The refractive index of inner cladding 2 is greater than the refractive index of surrounding layer 1 among Fig. 3, but less than the refractive index of the 3rd fibre core 5, the 4th fibre core 6 and the 5th fibre core 7 in three core fibres.The cross section of the 3rd fibre core 5 and the 4th fibre core 6 is circle, and the cross section of the 5th fibre core 7 is ellipse.
As shown in Figure 4, the controlled active coupling of the 3rd fibre core 5 and 6 two fibre cores of the 4th fibre core adopts the method for carbon dioxide laser exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the 3rd fibre core 5 and the 4th fibre core 6, realize initiatively weakening the coupling of first fibre core 3 and second fibre core 4, make the refractive index of the 3rd coupled zone 561 between the 3rd fibre core 5 and the 4th fibre core 6 less than the refractive index of the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
As shown in Figure 5, the controlled active coupling of the 4th fibre core 6 and 7 two fibre cores of the 5th fibre core adopts the method for carbon dioxide laser exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the 4th fibre core 6 and the 5th fibre core 7, realize initiatively strengthening the coupling of the 4th fibre core 6 and the 5th fibre core 7, make the refractive index of the 4th coupled zone 671, the 5th coupled zone 672 and the 6th coupled zone 673 between the 4th fibre core 6 and the 5th fibre core 7 greater than the refractive index of the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
Embodiment three
Adopt the controllable active coupling method of six fibre cores, as Fig. 6 and shown in Figure 7.The refractive index of inner cladding 2 is greater than the refractive index of surrounding layer 1 among Fig. 6, but less than the refractive index of the 6th fibre core 8, the 7th fibre core 9, the 8th fibre core 10, the 9th fibre core 11, the tenth fibre core 12 and the 11 fibre core 13 in six core fibres.The cross section of the 6th fibre core 8, the 8th fibre core 10, the 9th fibre core 11 and the tenth fibre core 12 is circle, and the cross section of the 7th fibre core 9 is oval, and the cross section of the 11 fibre core 13 is a rectangle.
As shown in Figure 7, the controlled active coupling of the 6th fibre core 8 and 9 two fibre cores of the 7th fibre core adopts the method for femto-second laser exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the 6th fibre core 8 and the 7th fibre core 9, realize initiatively strengthening the coupling of the 6th fibre core 8 and the 7th fibre core 9, make the refractive index of the 7th coupled zone 89 between the 6th fibre core 8 and the 7th fibre core 9 greater than the refractive index of the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
As shown in Figure 7, the controlled active coupling of the 7th fibre core 9 and 10 two fibre cores of the 8th fibre core adopts the method for femto-second laser exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the 7th fibre core 9 and the 8th fibre core 10, realize initiatively strengthening the coupling of the 7th fibre core 9 and the 8th fibre core 10, make the refractive index of the 8th coupled zone 910 between the 7th fibre core 9 and the 8th fibre core 10 greater than the refractive index of the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
As shown in Figure 7, the controlled active coupling of the 8th fibre core 10 and 11 two fibre cores of the 9th fibre core adopts the method for femto-second laser exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the 8th fibre core 10 and the 9th fibre core 11, realize initiatively strengthening the coupling of the 8th fibre core 10 and the 9th fibre core 11, make the refractive index of the 9th coupled zone 1011 between the 8th fibre core 10 and the 9th fibre core 11 greater than the refractive index of the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
As shown in Figure 7, the controlled active coupling of the 9th fibre core 11 and 12 two fibre cores of the tenth fibre core adopts the method for femto-second laser exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the 9th fibre core 11 and the tenth fibre core 12, realize initiatively strengthening the coupling of the 9th fibre core 11 and the tenth fibre core 12, make the refractive index of the tenth coupled zone 1112 between the 9th fibre core 11 and the tenth fibre core 12 greater than the refractive index of the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
As shown in Figure 7, the controlled active coupling of the tenth fibre core 12 and 13 two fibre cores of the 11 fibre core adopts the method for femto-second laser exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the tenth fibre core 12 and the 11 fibre core 13, realize initiatively strengthening the coupling of the tenth fibre core 12 and the 11 fibre core 13, make the refractive index of the 11 coupled zone 1213 between the tenth fibre core 12 and the 11 fibre core 13 greater than the refractive index of the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
Embodiment four
Adopt the controllable active coupling method of nine fibre cores, as Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10 and shown in Figure 11.The refractive index of inner cladding 2 is greater than the refractive index of surrounding layer 1 among Fig. 8, but less than the 12 fibre core the 14, the 13 fibre core the 15, the 14 fibre core the 16, the 15 fibre core the 17, the 16 fibre core the 18, the 17 fibre core the 19, the 18 fibre core the 20, the 19 fibre core 21 in nine core fibres and the refractive index of the 20 fibre core 22.The cross section of the 12 fibre core the 14, the 14 fibre core the 16, the 15 fibre core the 17, the 16 fibre core the 18, the 18 fibre core 20 and the 19 fibre core 21 is circle, the cross section of the 13 fibre core 15 and the 17 fibre core 19 is ellipse, and the cross section of the 20 fibre core 22 is a rectangle.
As shown in Figure 9, the controlled active coupling of the 12 fibre core 14 and 15 two fibre cores of the 13 fibre core adopts the method for ultraviolet laser array exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the 12 fibre core 14 and the 13 fibre core 15, realize initiatively strengthening the coupling of the 12 fibre core 14 and the 13 fibre core 15, make the refractive index of the 12 coupled zone 1415 between the 12 fibre core 14 and the 13 fibre core 15 greater than the refractive index of the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
As shown in Figure 9, the controlled active coupling of the 13 fibre core 15 and 16 two fibre cores of the 14 fibre core adopts the method for ultraviolet laser array exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the 13 fibre core 15 and the 14 fibre core 16, realize initiatively strengthening the coupling of the 13 fibre core 15 and the 14 fibre core 16, make the refractive index of the 13 coupled zone 1516 between the 13 fibre core 15 and the 14 fibre core 16 greater than the refractive index of the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
As shown in Figure 9, the controlled active coupling of the 14 fibre core 16 and 17 two fibre cores of the 15 fibre core adopts the method for ultraviolet laser array exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the 14 fibre core 16 and the 15 fibre core 17, realize initiatively strengthening the coupling of the 14 fibre core 16 and the 15 fibre core 17, make the refractive index of the 14 coupled zone 1617 between the 14 fibre core 16 and the 15 fibre core 17 greater than the refractive index of the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
As shown in Figure 9, the controlled active coupling of the 15 fibre core 17 and 18 two fibre cores of the 16 fibre core adopts the method for ultraviolet laser array exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the 15 fibre core 17 and the 16 fibre core 18, realize initiatively strengthening the coupling of the 15 fibre core 17 and the 16 fibre core 18, make the refractive index of the 15 coupled zone 1718 between the 15 fibre core 17 and the 16 fibre core 18 greater than the refractive index of the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
As shown in figure 10, the controlled active coupling of the 17 fibre core 19 and 20 two fibre cores of the 18 fibre core adopts the method for carbon dioxide laser array exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the 17 fibre core 19 and the 18 fibre core 20, realize initiatively strengthening the coupling of the 17 fibre core 19 and the 18 fibre core 20, make the refractive index of the 16 coupled zone 19201 between the 17 fibre core 19 and the 18 fibre core 20 and the 17 coupled zone 19202 greater than the refractive index of the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
As shown in figure 10, the controlled active coupling of the 18 fibre core 20 and 21 two fibre cores of the 19 fibre core adopts the method for carbon dioxide laser array exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the 18 fibre core 20 and the 19 fibre core 21, realize initiatively strengthening the coupling of the 18 fibre core 20 and the 19 fibre core 21, make the refractive index of the 18 coupled zone 2021 between the 18 fibre core 20 and the 19 fibre core 21 greater than the refractive index of the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
As shown in figure 10, the controlled active coupling of the 19 fibre core 21 and 22 two fibre cores of the 20 fibre core adopts the method for carbon dioxide laser array exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the 19 fibre core 21 and the 20 fibre core 22, realize initiatively weakening the coupling of the 19 fibre core 21 and the 20 fibre core 22, make the refractive index of the 19 coupled zone 2122 between the 19 fibre core 21 and the 20 fibre core 22 less than the refractive index of the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
As shown in figure 11, the controlled active coupling of the 15 fibre core 17 and 21 two fibre cores of the 19 fibre core adopts the method for femto-second laser array exposure, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the 15 fibre core 17 and the 19 fibre core 21, realize initiatively weakening the coupling of the 15 fibre core 17 and the 19 fibre core 21, make the 20, the 21 coupled zone 17212 between the 15 fibre core 17 and the 19 fibre core 21 and the 22 coupled zone 17213 refractive index less than the refractive index of the preceding corresponding coupled zone of exposing.
Claims (3)
1. multi-core fiber active controllable coupling method, it is characterized in that, adopt the exposure of ultraviolet laser or carbon dioxide laser or femto-second laser or these laser arrays, change the refractive index of coupled zone between the interior fibre core of multi-core fiber, realize initiatively strengthening or weakening the coupling between the fibre core in the multi-core fiber.
2. a kind of multi-core fiber active controllable coupling method according to claim 1 is characterized by: the coupled zone refractive index that initiatively strengthens between the fibre core in the multi-core fiber is greater than the refractive index of the preceding coupled zone of exposure.
3. a kind of multi-core fiber active controllable coupling method according to claim 1 is characterized by: the coupled zone refractive index that initiatively weakens between the fibre core in the multi-core fiber is less than the refractive index of the preceding coupled zone of exposure.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117111216A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-11-24 | 华中科技大学 | Method and equipment for non-circular processing of optical fiber core and welding method of non-circular fiber core |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1203673A (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 1998-12-30 | 康宁股份有限公司 | Tunable optical coupler using photosensitive glass |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1203673A (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 1998-12-30 | 康宁股份有限公司 | Tunable optical coupler using photosensitive glass |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| G.R.ATKINS: "UV tuning of coupling in twin-core optical fibres", 《ELECTRONICS LETTERS》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117111216A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-11-24 | 华中科技大学 | Method and equipment for non-circular processing of optical fiber core and welding method of non-circular fiber core |
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Application publication date: 20100623 |