CN101750562A - Non-PMU measure point dynamic process estimation method based on flow equation sensitiveness analysis - Google Patents
Non-PMU measure point dynamic process estimation method based on flow equation sensitiveness analysis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sensitiveness matrix of voltage phasor obtained through flow equation, and an estimation method which includes that dynamic actual measurement data and power system data acquisition and monitoring system SCADA data or state estimation data mounted with PMU nodes are adopted to estimate the dynamic process without PMU node in real-time. The method adopts the sensitiveness relationship of voltage variations among nodes derived from flow Jacobian matrix, also adopts the SCADA or initial values of state estimation and the voltage dynamic measurement values mounted with PMU nodes to estimate the dynamic variation process of other voltage phasors without PMU node. The dynamic variation processes of electric parameters such as current, power and frequency in power grid are derived according to circuit principle according to the voltage phasors and network parameters of each node. The estimation method effectively solves the difficult problem of observing the dynamic process of the non-PMU measure point when the power grid PMU is in adequate configuration situation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the electrical power system wide-area field of measuring technique, particularly a kind of dynamic process of the measurement amount to non-PMU measuring point carries out estimation approach.
Background technology
In order to guarantee power grid security, stable operation, need carry out accurately and comprehensively monitoring in real time to operation states of electric power system.RTU and various factory station online a large amount of static state that provide of comprehensive automation device and metastable state information are provided in traditional information acquisition, and a large amount of transient informations of afterwards providing of failure wave-recording and protective device.The source of information causes (the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition of data acquisition and monitoring system, SCADA) sampling interval is 3～5 seconds, the SCADA system can only monitor the static nature of electrical network simultaneously, can not reflect the dynamic behaviour of electrical network in real time.Phasor measurement unit (Phasor Measurement Unit based on GPS (GPS), PMU) successful development, indicate the birth of synchronized phasor measurement technology, the sampling interval of synchronous phasor measurement unit is 5ms～30ms, for the real-time monitoring of Electrical Power System Dynamic behavior provides possibility.But because the requirement on price and the mechanics of communication can not be installed PMU at the whole network at present, so (Wide AreaMeasurement System WAMS) is difficult to solve whole requirements of the observability of electrical network to the present WAMS based on PMU.Therefore there is document to propose the notion of space-time integrated campaign framework, the unified Wide-area Measurement Information platform of data construct that the integrate information source as much as possible of pointing out provides, these information data source should comprise the static data of SCADA system acquisition, the real-time dynamic data that PMU gathers, the dynamic data that fault oscillograph provides and the puppet that forecast accident carries out emulation and provides measured.How utilizing these to mix the wide area static state and the wide area multidate information that measure by data mining acquisition electrical network is the focus of present research.Have document to propose static state estimation model based on SCADA/PMU, by part of nodes the precision that improves state estimation behind the PMU is installed, these methods only are to utilize the measurement of PMU to improve the precision of traditional state estimation, state that can not the dynamic tracking electrical network.Also have document to measure in conjunction with SCADA system and part PMU, a kind of dynamical state method of estimation based on expansion Kalman filtering has been proposed, though this method adopts dynamic recursion state estimation, the SCADA system refresh is slower, so this method also only is a kind of " static state " method of estimation.Other has document to propose a kind of mixing real-time status method of estimation based on SCADA/PMU, but this method need be carried out the quantity of state conversion estimation again by trend CALCULATING PREDICTION state in conjunction with historical data, because the shot array of the method for operation and fault form, not only calculated amount is very huge to the preliminary analysis of historical data, and difficulty guarantees accuracy of predicting fully, and trend is calculated can increase the corresponding calculated time, and the state cycle of operation is a second level.More than these admixture estimation models based on PMU all do not have from truly following the tracks of the electrical network dynamic behaviour.
There is document to propose dynamic process truly recently and carries out real-time estimation approach non-PMU measuring point, but this method does not rely on the information of network parameter and electric network state matrix or power flow equation fully, but adopt the method that is similar to the "black box" identification, only based on the measured data of existing PMU and SCADA, do not utilize network parameter and topology information, the dynamic process of non-PMU gauge point is carried out black box estimate.
The present invention proposes a kind of new Real-time and Dynamic process method of estimation that mixing measures based on SCADA/PMU, this method is different from based on traditional state estimation of statistics criterion and black box identification technique, estimate that with stable state SCADA or static state constantly the trend section value that provides is an original state, funtcional relationship by voltage phasor variation between each node of research electric network swim equation, utilizing some voltage phasor dynamic processes that the node of PMU has been installed to measure curve can be rapid, directly calculate the voltage phasor dynamic process curve of other correspondences that PMU node is not installed, this estimation is that a kind of dynamic process calculates in essence.Because this method decides connecting each other of internodal change in voltage in strict accordance with the trend distribution and PMU has higher measuring accuracy, so under the little situation of network parameter and status information error, this process is estimated to guarantee very high precision, and can be guaranteed that the node that PMU is not installed can carry out state refresh fast with the corresponding sample frequency of PMU device.
Summary of the invention
Under the not enough situation of layouting at PMU, realize real-time estimation and supervision to the dynamic process of each non-PMU gauge point.Patent disclosure of the present invention a kind of sensitivity matrix of the voltage phasor that obtains according to power flow equation, utilize dynamic measured data and electric power system data collection and supervisory system data or state estimation data that the phasor measurement unit node is installed, the dynamic process that the PMU node is not installed is carried out real-time estimation approach.The concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
This method is utilized the sensitivity relation between voltage variety between each node of being released by the trend Jacobi matrix, the dynamic measurement of the voltage phasor of initial value that provides by SCADA or state estimation and the node that PMU has been installed can estimate the dynamic changing process that other does not install the voltage phasor of PMU node.The dynamic changing process of other electric parameters such as electric current, power, frequency is obtained by the network parameter of each node voltage dynamic changing process and electrical network in the electrical network.Concrete steps are described as follows:
Step 1: selection need be carried out the node i of the no phasor measurement unit PMU of dynamic process estimation, and this node need directly carry out the physical quantity X that dynamic process is estimated
i, comprise the voltage magnitude V of this node
iWith voltage phase angle θ
iAnd the physical quantity Y that need carry out dynamic process indirectly
i, for example electric current, power, frequency etc.Here directly dynamic process estimates to be meant that utilizing PMU/SCADA to mix measures, and the sensitivity relation that voltage phasor variable quantity between PMU node and no PMU node is arranged that provides according to the present invention is calculated the process of no PMU node voltage amplitude or voltage-phase; And moving indirectly estimation is meant the process of utilizing node voltage to find the solution other electric parameters according to circuit equation.When selecting to carry out the node of direct dynamic process estimation, notice considering that some can only carry out the electric parameters that dynamic process is estimated indirectly, for example line current and power, need to carry out direct dynamic process to the node voltage phasor at circuit two ends earlier and estimate, so the node at circuit two ends all needs to be chosen as and need do the point that direct dynamic process estimates to ask node voltage phasor.
Step 2: PMU node set S arranged to what each no phasor measurement unit PMU node i selected to be used to estimate its dynamic process
Pmu-i: the phasor measurement unit PMU node in this set is made up of the PMU node nearest 4～6 of electric island, node i place middle distance node i electrical distance.
Step 3: measure or the state estimation result according to current up-to-date SCADA, calculate current trend Jacobi matrix, and derive node set S by trend Jacobi matrix element
Pmu-iIn sensitivity coefficient a between the measurement amount variable quantity of the measurement amount variable quantity of PMU node j and no PMU node i is respectively arranged
Ij, and the electrical distance d about such measurement amount (voltage magnitude or voltage phase angle) between node i and the node j
IjConcrete computing method are as follows:
Sensitivity coefficient a between (1) measurement amount variable quantity
IjComputing method: with the sensitivity relation between the voltage magnitude variable quantity is example.In the less time period, think two node i in the same electric island (in the island any two nodes have physical electrical path link to each other), between j the amplitude of voltage change be proportional be Δ V
i=a
IjΔ V
jIn the formula
Wherein
Be the element in the inverse matrix of Jacobi matrix L of reactive power flow equation Δ Q=-L Δ V of PQ decoupling zero, subscript i, the ranks of the corresponding L matrix of j number.Because each trend section node voltage constantly changes, so L and contrary variation the thereof.
Again find the solution after change in each trend Jacobi matrix L with and contrary, thereby satisfy the requirement of calculating in real time, adopt two hypothesis that adopted in the similar quick PQ decoupling zero tidal current computing method: the phase angle difference at (1) circuit two ends is little, and electricity is led | G
Ij| much smaller than susceptance | B
Ij|; (2) the corresponding admittance Q of node reactive power
i/ V
i 2Much smaller than the node self-admittance.At this moment, the reactive power flow equation can be write as Δ Q '=Δ Q/V=B " Δ V, wherein B " and is made up of the imaginary part (being susceptance) of bus admittance matrix, is a constant symmetric matrix, and concrete computing method can be referring to the textbook of electric power system tide calculating aspect.Under this hypothesis, redefinable
Wherein
Be node susceptance matrix imaginary part B " inverse matrix in element, V is the node voltage amplitude, Q ' is the injection reactive power of node, subscript is represented corresponding node number, so sensitivity coefficient a
IjBecome constant, only need be when program begins and network topology structure calculate when changing and once just can.
Similarly, can push away according to the trend accounting equation of quick PQ decoupling zero the sensitivity coefficient between the voltage phase angle variable quantity
Wherein
It is the element in the inverse matrix of meritorious power flow equation bus admittance matrix imaginary part B ' in the quick PQ decoupling zero tidal current computing method, θ is the phase angle of node voltage with respect to certain selected reference point in the same electric island, P ' is the injection active power of node, and subscript is represented corresponding node number.
It should be noted that when line disconnection incidents such as be short-circuited in the electrical network tripping operation, broken string, " and B ' should carry out following correction: betide between node i and the j as if line disconnection, then B " the B in the matrix to the node susceptance matrix B in the step 3
Ii" (node i from susceptance) and B
Jj" (node j from susceptance) element deducts the susceptance b that is cut-off circuit respectively
Ij, and the B " B in the matrix
Ij" (the mutual susceptance between node i and node j) and B
Ji" (the mutual susceptance between node j and node i) element adds the susceptance b that is cut-off circuit respectively
IjSimultaneously, the B in B ' matrix
Ii" and B
Jj' element deducts the susceptance b that is cut-off circuit respectively
Ij, and the B in B ' matrix
Ij' and B
Ji' element adds the susceptance b that is cut-off circuit respectively
Ij
(2) the electrical distance d between node i and the node j about such measurement amount (voltage magnitude or voltage phase angle)
IjComputing formula as follows:
d
ij＝-log
10(a
ij×a
ji)
Step 4: discontinuity surface T when up-to-date SCADA or state estimation
kAfter, up to the T of SCADA or state estimation appearance next time
K+1The time PMU before the discontinuity surface measure the period, according to each the sensitivity coefficient a in the step 3
IjWith electrical distance d
Ij, by PMU node measurement amount being arranged with respect to T
kThe time discontinuity surface variation delta X
j(t) estimate the measurement amount of no PMU node with respect to T
kThe time discontinuity surface variation delta X
i(t), T
kSubscript k represent that the k time SCADA measures or the k next state estimates that loop variable k be the integer since 0, t represents the PMU measurement moment, employed estimation formulas is as follows:
Step 5: according to equation X
i(t)=Δ X
i(t)+X
i(T
k), the estimator for the treatment of of obtaining this no PMU node measures the estimated value X of t constantly at each PMU
i(t), T wherein
k＜t＜T
K+1
Step 6: in each PMU sampling instant, according to power flow equation is that the direct dynamic process of circuit equation utilization estimates that the voltage phasor of each node of obtaining calculates electric parameters such as the electric current of needs, active power, reactive power, carry out the angular velocity that differentiate can be tried to achieve each node by phase angle to node voltage, and and then obtain nodal frequency; Thereby realize electric parameters Y to each no PMU node i
iDynamic changing process carry out the indirect dynamic process and estimate.
Step 7: when new SCADA metric data or state estimation result occur, return step 3, carry out next PMU and measure the dynamic process of period and estimate.
The present invention is based on SCADA/PMU and mix measurement, dynamic process to non-PMU measuring point has been realized On-line Estimation, and because it has utilized topology, parameter and the status information of electrical network, under the little situation of these information errors, the precision that its dynamic process is estimated will be very high, and can guarantee that the node that PMU is not installed can carry out state refresh fast with the corresponding sample frequency of PMU device.For example, show that within ± 0.1%, this satisfies the accuracy requirement that dynamic behaviour monitors to electrical network to the error that its dynamic process is estimated usually usually by simulation example to a large amount of faults.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the real-time algorithm for estimating process flow diagram of the non-PMU measure point dynamic process of flow equation sensitiveness analysis;
Fig. 2 IEEE 39 node system figure;
Fig. 3 excises under the load incident, no PMU node 2 voltage magnitude simulation curve and estimation curve;
Fig. 4 excises under the load incident, the graph of errors of no PMU node 2 voltage magnitude simulation values and estimated value;
Under the incident of Fig. 5 single-phase short circuit tangent line road, no PMU node 2 voltage magnitude simulation curve and estimation curve;
Under the incident of Fig. 6 single-phase short circuit tangent line road, the graph of errors of no PMU node 2 voltage magnitude simulation values and estimated value.
Embodiment
In real system, can run in the following typical hardware environment based on the real-time Estimation Software of the dynamic process of the principle of the invention.The real-time Estimation Software of dynamic process is run on the senior application server of the WAMS (WAMS) of control center.The real-time Estimation Software of dynamic process is from the SCADA measuring value or the state estimation value (comprising topology informations such as switch, disconnecting link) of the current electrical network of the online acquisition in real-time storehouse of SCADA/EMS system, and carries out trend and calculate needed network parameter information.Then, the method for utilizing the present invention the to provide estimator of respectively treating of obtaining when current SCADA or state estimation discontinuity surface correspondence is measured relevant a
IjAnd d
IjParameter; Before receiving next time SCADA measuring value or state estimation value, the real-time Estimation Software of dynamic process is utilized a of current no PMU node
IjAnd d
IjParameter and relevant voltage magnitude, the voltage-phase measuring value that PMU node correspondence is arranged that obtains from the WAMS real time data server, the estimated voltage phasor for the treatment of to no PMU node is estimated at the analog value of each PMU measurement time section, and further combined with network parameter, obtain the indirect Estimation amounts such as electric current, power and frequency of needs according to circuit equation, estimated result with each PMU measurement time section is deposited into the WAMS real time data server then, and makes a mark and show right and wrong PMU measured value.It is pointed out that because present SCADA does not measure the node voltage phase angle usually, therefore will carry out the dynamic process of node voltage phase angle and estimate, need obtain corresponding information from state estimation usually.In order to improve the precision of estimation, when when state estimation is obtained information, the time interval between the state estimation section is preferably less than 1 minute, no longer than 5 minutes.
Below in conjunction with simulation example the concrete steps of technical solution of the present invention are further described, accompanying drawing 1 has provided the software realization flow figure of the inventive method.In order to verify the validity of the inventive method, the actual value of waiting to estimate the measurement amount of dynamic process in the example is below provided by simulated program, so just the dynamic process that estimates and actual dynamic process can be compared, try to achieve the error that dynamic process is estimated, with the validity of checking the inventive method.Performing step based on the non-PMU measure point dynamic process estimation method of flow equation sensitiveness analysis is as follows:
(1) selection need be carried out the node i of the no phasor measurement unit PMU of dynamic process estimation, and this node need directly carry out the physical quantity X that dynamic process is estimated
i, comprise the voltage magnitude V of this node
iWith voltage phase angle θ
iAnd the physical quantity Y that need carry out dynamic process indirectly
i, for example electric current, power, frequency etc.Here directly dynamic process estimates to be meant that utilizing PMU/SCADA to mix measures, and the sensitivity relation that voltage phasor variable quantity between PMU node and no PMU node is arranged that provides according to the present invention is calculated the process of no PMU node voltage amplitude or voltage-phase; And moving indirectly estimation is meant the process of utilizing node voltage to find the solution other electric parameters according to circuit equation.When selecting to carry out the node of direct dynamic process estimation, notice considering that some can only carry out the electric parameters that dynamic process is estimated indirectly, for example line current and power, need to carry out direct dynamic process to the node voltage phasor at circuit two ends earlier and estimate, so the node at circuit two ends all needs to be chosen as and need do the point that direct dynamic process estimates to ask node voltage phasor.
(2) to what each no PMU node i selected to be used to estimate its dynamic process PMU node set S arranged
Pmu-i: the phasor measurement unit PMU node in this set is made up of the PMU node nearest 4～6 of electric island, node i place middle distance node i electrical distance.
(3) judge whether it is to calculate first promptly also not form bus admittance matrix or network topology changes, if, then form or correction node susceptance battle array B " and B '; wherein " be the node admittance battle array imaginary part of reactive power flow equation, B ' is the node admittance battle array imaginary part of meritorious trend to B according to quick PQ decoupling zero calculating power system load flow; If not, then change step (5).
(4) obtain or upgrade a that does not respectively have the relevant PMU of the having node of PMU node i measurement amount with each
IjCoefficient and electrical distance d
Ij, method is as follows:
4.1) sensitivity relation between the voltage magnitude variable quantity
Wherein
Be reactive power flow bus admittance matrix B in the quick decoupling zero tidal current computing method " inverse matrix in element.
4.2) sensitivity relation between the voltage phase angle variable quantity
Wherein
It is the element in the inverse matrix of meritorious power flow equation admittance battle array B ' in the quick PQ decoupling zero tidal current computing method.
4.3) the electrical distance d about such measurement amount (voltage magnitude or voltage phase angle) between node i and the node j
IjComputing formula be d
Ij=-log
10(a
Ij* a
Ji).
4.4) when line disconnection incidents such as be short-circuited in the electrical network tripping operation, broken string, need not bus admittance matrix imaginary part B " and B ' recomputates, and only needs to revise as follows: if line disconnection betides between node i and the j, and the B " B in the matrix then
Ii" and B
Jj" element deducts the susceptance b that is cut-off circuit respectively
Ij, and the B " B in the matrix
Ij" and B
Ji" element adds the susceptance b that is cut-off circuit respectively
IjSimilarly, the B in B ' matrix
Ii' and B
Jj' element deducts b respectively
Ij, and the B in B ' matrix
Ij' and B
Ji' element adds b respectively
Ij
(5) obtain current nearest SCADA measurement or state estimation value and prepare discontinuity surface T when establishing up-to-date SCADA or state estimation for the dynamic process estimation of period subsequently
kThe time discontinuity surface be T
k
(6) judge whether that new PMU measures section, then change next step and carry out dynamic process and estimate if having, otherwise forward step (12) to.
(7) calculate at current time t, the measurement that the PMU node is arranged is with respect to the nearest SCADA measurement or the variation delta X of state estimation value
j(t).
(8) according to each the sensitivity coefficient a in the step 4
IjWith electrical distance d
Ij, by PMU node measurement amount being arranged with respect to T
kThe time discontinuity surface variation delta X
j(t) estimate the measurement amount of no PMU node with respect to T
kThe time discontinuity surface variation delta X
i(t), employed estimation formulas is as follows:
(9) according to equation X
i(t)=Δ X
i(t)+X
i(T
k), the estimator for the treatment of of obtaining this no PMU node measures the estimated value X of t constantly at each PMU
i(t), T wherein
k＜t＜T
K+1
(10) judgement also has or not other voltage magnitudes that need estimate and voltage phase angle to measure at current PMU sampling instant t, then forwards step (7) to if having; Otherwise forward next step to and carry out the roundabout process estimation.
(11) calculate the indirect Estimation amount:, be that the direct dynamic process of circuit equation utilization estimates that the voltage phasor of each node of obtaining calculates electric parameters such as the node current of needs, branch current, active power, reactive power according to power flow equation at current PMU sampling instant t; Carry out the angular velocity that differentiate can be tried to achieve each node by phase angle to node voltage, and and then obtain nodal frequency; Thereby realize electric parameters Y to each no PMU node i
iDynamic changing process carry out the indirect dynamic process and estimate.In this step, usually also should with current PMU measurement time section t directly and the indirect Estimation result be deposited into the WAMS real time data server, and make a mark and show right and wrong PMU measured value.
(12) judge whether new SCADA or state estimation section, then to return step (3) be that starting point is carried out dynamic process and estimated with new SCADA section if having, otherwise carry out next step.
(13) judge whether to need to stop the dynamic process estimation routine,, then return step 6 and judge that detection has or not new PMU section, otherwise carry out next step terminator if not.
(14) stop the dynamic process estimation routine.
Be example with IEEE 39 node systems (seeing accompanying drawing 2) below, provide the validity that simulation example is verified method proposed by the invention.Suppose that node 1,3,10,16,18,28 installed PMU, this installation method can not guarantee the complete observability of electrical network, so need to adopt method that this patent proposes to the node of PMU is not installed, for example the voltage phasor of node 2 is estimated.With PST 2.0 (Power System Toolbox) the different faults scene is carried out time-domain-simulation, be 3s integral time.The measurement that the voltage phasor at respective nodes 1,3,7,10,16,28 places that obtain with simulation calculation is obtained as corresponding node PMU.Here provide about the simulation result of two event of failures for reference.
Incident 1:0.1s excises the load of node 15 constantly.The voltage that utilizes all and node 2 that higher electrical link is arranged and the node (this moment select node 1,3,7,10) of PMU has been installed measures voltage to node 2 to carry out dynamic process and estimates, node 2 voltage magnitude simulation curves and estimation curve are seen Fig. 3, both graph of errors are seen Fig. 4, and the Error Absolute Value of visible voltage magnitude dynamic estimation is 5 * 10
-4Promptly within 0.05%, promptly has very high dynamic estimation precision.
Incident 2: suppose that single-phase earthing fault takes place 0.1s circuit 29 (its interdependent node is a node 17,18), 0.12s excises this line fault.The voltage phasor that employing has a PMU node 1,3,7,10 is carried out dynamic process to the voltage of node 2 and is estimated, this moment, node 2 voltage magnitude simulation curves and estimation curve were seen Fig. 5, both graph of errors are seen Fig. 6, and the error of visible voltage magnitude dynamic estimation is (2 * 10
-4～7 * 10
-4) promptly within (0.02%～0.07%), promptly have very high dynamic estimation precision.
As seen the method for utilizing this patent to propose from above-mentioned simulation result is very high to the precision that the node that PMU is not installed carries out the dynamic process estimation, can satisfy the demand of online dynamic monitoring.
Claims (3)
1. non-PMU measure point dynamic process estimation method based on flow equation sensitiveness analysis, described method utilization is by the sensitivity relation between voltage variety between each node of trend Jacobi matrix release, the dynamic measurement of the voltage phasor of initial value that provides by electric power system data collection and supervisory system SCADA or state estimation data and the node that phasor measurement unit PMU has been installed estimates the dynamic changing process that other does not install the voltage phasor of phasor measurement unit PMU node; It is characterized in that described non-phasor measurement unit PMU measuring point dynamic process real-time estimation method based on flow equation sensitiveness analysis may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: selection need be carried out the node i of the no phasor measurement unit PMU of dynamic process estimation, and this node need directly carry out the physical quantity X that dynamic process is estimated
i, comprise the voltage magnitude V of this node
iWith voltage phase angle θ
iAnd the physical quantity Y that need carry out dynamic process indirectly
i, comprise electric current, power, frequency; Described direct dynamic process estimates to be meant the sensitivity relation according to voltage phasor variable quantity between phasor measurement unit PMU node and no phasor measurement unit PMU node is arranged, and calculates the process of no phasor measurement unit PMU node voltage amplitude or voltage-phase; And described moving indirectly estimation is meant and utilizes node voltage, finds the solution the process of other electric parameters according to circuit equation;
Step 2: phasor measurement unit PMU node set S arranged to what each no phasor measurement unit PMU node i selected to be used to estimate its dynamic process
Pmu-i: the phasor measurement unit PMU node in this set is made up of the PMU node nearest 4～6 of electric island, node i place middle distance node i electrical distance;
Step 3: measure or the state estimation result according to current up-to-date electric power system data collection and supervisory system SCADA, calculate current trend Jacobi matrix, and derive node set S by trend Jacobi matrix element
Pmu-iIn sensitivity coefficient a between the measurement amount variable quantity of the measurement amount variable quantity of phasor measurement unit PMU node j and no phasor measurement unit PMU node i is respectively arranged
Ij, and between node i and the node j about the electrical distance d of such measurement amount
Ij, specific as follows:
Sensitivity relation between the voltage magnitude variable quantity:
Wherein
Be the bus admittance matrix imaginary part B of reactive power flow equation in the quick PQ decoupling zero tidal current computing method " inverse matrix in element, V is the node voltage amplitude, Q ' is the injection reactive power of node, subscript is represented corresponding node number;
Sensitivity coefficient between the voltage phase angle variable quantity:
Wherein
It is element in the inverse matrix of meritorious power flow equation bus admittance matrix imaginary part B ' in the quick PQ decoupling zero tidal current computing method, θ is the phase angle of node voltage with respect to certain selected reference point in the same electric island, P ' is the injection active power of node, and subscript is represented corresponding node number;
According to the sensitivity coefficient between the measurement amount that obtains above, can be calculated as follows out the electrical distance d between the corresponding amount measurement
Ij:
d
ij＝-log
10(a
ij×a
ji)
Step 4: discontinuity surface T when described current up-to-date electric power system data collection and supervisory system SCADA measurement or state estimation
kAfter, up to the T of electric power system data collection next time and supervisory system SCADA measurement or state estimation appearance
K+1The time phasor measurement unit PMU before the discontinuity surface measure the period, according to each the sensitivity coefficient a in the step 3
IjWith electrical distance d
Ij, by phasor measurement unit PMU node measurement amount being arranged with respect to T
kThe time discontinuity surface variation delta X
j(t) estimate the measurement amount of no phasor measurement unit PMU node with respect to T
kThe time discontinuity surface variation delta X
i(t), T
kSubscript k represent that the k time electric power system data collection and supervisory system SCADA measure or the k next state estimates that loop variable k be the integer since 0, t represents the phasor measurement unit PMU measurement moment, employed estimation formulas is as follows:
Step 5: according to equation X
i(t)=Δ X
i(t)+X
i(T
k), the estimator for the treatment of of obtaining this no phasor measurement unit PMU node measures the estimated value X of t constantly at each phasor measurement unit PMU
i(t), T wherein
k＜t＜T
K+1
Step 6: in each phasor measurement unit PMU sampling instant, according to power flow equation is that the direct dynamic process of circuit equation utilization estimates that the voltage phasor of each node of obtaining calculates electric current, active power, the reactive power of needs, carry out the angular velocity that differentiate can be tried to achieve each node by phase angle to node voltage, and and then obtain nodal frequency; Thereby realize electric parameters Y to each no PMU node i
iDynamic changing process carry out the indirect dynamic process and estimate;
Step 7: when new electric power system data collection occurs with supervisory system SCADA metric data or state estimation result data, return step 3, carry out the dynamic process estimation that next PMU measures the period.
2. the non-PMU measure point dynamic process real-time estimation method based on flow equation sensitiveness analysis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 1 when selecting to carry out the node that direct dynamic process estimates, for carrying out the electric parameters that dynamic process is estimated indirectly, need earlier the node corresponding voltage phasor to be carried out direct dynamic process and estimate, therefore relevant with the electric parameters of carrying out the dynamic process estimation indirectly respective nodes all needs to be chosen as need do the point that direct dynamic process estimates to ask the respective nodes voltage phasor.
3. the non-PMU measure point dynamic process real-time estimation method based on flow equation sensitiveness analysis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when line disconnection incidents such as be short-circuited in the electrical network tripping operation, broken string, " and B ' carries out following correction: betide between node i and the j as if line disconnection, then B " the B in the matrix to the bus admittance matrix imaginary part B in the step 3
Ii", be node i from susceptance, and B
Jj", be node j deduct the susceptance b that is cut-off circuit respectively from susceptance
Ij, and the B " B in the matrix
Ij", be the mutual susceptance between node i and node j, and B
Ji", be node j and node km, mutual susceptance add the susceptance b that is cut-off circuit respectively
IjSimultaneously, in B ' matrix from susceptance B
IiAnd B
Jj" element deducts the susceptance b that is cut-off circuit respectively
Ij, and the mutual susceptance B in B ' matrix
Ij' and B
Ji' element adds the susceptance b that is cut-off circuit respectively
Ij
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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