CN101750464B - Fuel concentration measuring device and method - Google Patents
Fuel concentration measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101750464B CN101750464B CN 200810185614 CN200810185614A CN101750464B CN 101750464 B CN101750464 B CN 101750464B CN 200810185614 CN200810185614 CN 200810185614 CN 200810185614 A CN200810185614 A CN 200810185614A CN 101750464 B CN101750464 B CN 101750464B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel concentration measuring device which comprises a catalyst layer, a diffusion layer, a fuel chamber, a reaction gas chamber and a sensor. The diffusion layer is connected with the catalyst layer; the fuel chamber is suitable for containing to-be-measured fuel; and the diffusion layer is positioned between the fuel chamber and the catalyst layer. The reaction gas chamber is suitable for containing reaction gas; the catalyst layer is positioned between the reaction gas chamber and the diffusion layer; the to-be-measured fuel in the fuel chamber is diffused to the catalyst layer through the diffusion layer; and the to-be-measured fuel and the reaction gas are burnt and reacted in the catalyst layer to consume the reaction gas in the reaction gas chamber and generate product gas. The sensor is arranged on the reaction gas chamber to measure the concentration of the reaction gas in the reaction gas chamber or product gas. In addition, the invention also provides a fuel concentration measuring method.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of fuel concentration measuring device and method, and particularly about a kind of simple and high fuel concentration measuring device and method of degree of accuracy.
Background technology
Along with progress of industry; The consumption of traditional energy such as coal, petroleum and natural gas continues to raise; Because the storage of natural energy source is limited, therefore must research and development new substitute energy to be replacing traditional energy, and fuel cell is a kind of selection of important and tool practical value.
In simple terms, fuel cell is a kind of reversed reaction of utilizing water electrolysis and chemical energy converted to the TRT of electric energy basically.With Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, it mainly is to be made up of a mea (membrane electrode assembly is called for short MEA) and two battery lead plates.Mea be by a proton-conductive films (proton exchange membrane), an anode catalyst layer, a cathode catalysts layer, an anode gas diffusion layer (gas diffusion layer, GDL) and a cathode gas diffusion layer constitute.Wherein, above-mentioned anode catalyst layer and cathode catalysts layer are configured in the both sides of proton-conductive films respectively, and anode gas diffusion layer and cathode gas diffusion layer are separately positioned on anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalysts layer.In addition, two battery lead plates comprise an anode and a negative electrode, and it is disposed at respectively on anode gas diffusion layer and the cathode gas diffusion layer.
The common Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of industry is DMFC (DirectMethanol Fuel Cell at present; Be called for short DMFC); It is directly to use methanol aqueous solution to be used as fuel to supply with the source, and reacts via the related electrode of methyl alcohol and oxygen and to produce electric current.The reaction equation of DMFC is following:
Anode: CH3OH+H2O → CO2+6H++6e-
Negative electrode: 3/2O2+6H++6e-→ 3H2O
During reaction, the concentration that imports the methanol solution of anode can cause very big influence to the output stability of DMFC.If the concentration control of the methanol solution of importing anode is improper, cause except meeting the shortcomings such as generating efficiency is not good, output power instability, cause the damage of mea more easily.Therefore, how suitable additional methyl alcohol can be controlled in the only scope concentration of the methanol solution that imports anode, is present DMFC one of considerable problem in research and development.
Fuel concentration in the control fuel cell the most directly mode is exactly to utilize sensor directly to measure the concentration of fuel, and decides the magnitude of recruitment of fuel and water according to the result who measures.This kind practice is in US 6,589, and is open in the documents such as 671B1, US 6,488,837, US 2002/076589A1, US 2003/0196913A1, WO 01/35478.Wherein, US 6,488, and 837 disclose with mea as sensor, with the concentration of direct measurement methyl alcohol with US 2003/0196913A1.Degree of accuracy that it should be noted that said method receives impurities from fuel easily, mea is aging or factor affecting such as instability.
Also there is conventional art that measured temperature and current value are brought in the experimental formula to extrapolate fuel concentration; Like US 6; 698,278B2, this kind practice need not use sensor and directly measure fuel concentration; But must adjust according to different fuel electrode systems, can extrapolate possible fuel concentration.Other need not use sensor, and directly to measure mode such as US 6,589,679 and the TW 94119975 of fuel concentration said.
In addition; Because the concentration of methanol solution is relevant with its physical characteristics; Like the specific inductive capacity of transmission speed and the fuel of sound in methanol solution or density etc. specific relation is arranged; Therefore have many conventional art utilizations to measure the concentration that the transmission speed of sound in methanol solution extrapolated methanol solution, or Measuring Dielectric Constant or density are calculated concentration such as TWI 251954.But this kind concentration calculates that the employed sensor cost of mode is very expensive, or precision receives the aeration in the fuel serious, and when therefore measuring, the liquid of sensor internal must be static and have bubble, and the difficulty of measurement is quite high.
Take a broad view of above-mentioned concentration measuring method, generally have to measure to be difficult for, to measure problems such as cost height, measuring accuracy instability.Therefore, industry is needed a kind of simple and high fuel concentration measuring method of degree of accuracy badly at present.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of low cost of manufacture and the high fuel concentration measuring device of measurement stability.
The present invention provides a kind of simple, cost is low and measurement stability is high fuel concentration measuring method in addition.
The present invention proposes a kind of fuel concentration measuring device, and it comprises a catalyst layer, a diffusion layer, a fuel chambers, a reaction gas chamber and a sensor.Diffusion layer is connected with catalyst layer, and fuel chambers is suitable for holding fuel to be measured, and diffusion layer is between fuel chambers and catalyst layer.Reaction gas chamber is suitable for holding reacting gas; Catalyst layer is between reaction gas chamber and diffusion layer; And the fuel to be measured in the fuel chambers diffuses in the catalyst layer via diffusion layer; And fuel to be measured and reacting gas carry out combustion reaction in catalyst layer, with the reacting gas in the consumption reaction gas compartment and produce a product gas.Sensor configuration is on reaction gas chamber, to measure the indoor reacting gas of reacting gas or the concentration of product gas.
The present invention proposes a kind of fuel concentration measuring method, and it comprises the fuel concentration measuring device that provides above-mentioned.Then, a fuel to be measured is supplied to fuel-side, and a reacting gas is supplied to reaction gas chamber.Afterwards, adjustment is supplied to the amount of reactant gases of reaction gas chamber, and judges the concentration of fuel to be measured according to the generation speed of the wear rate of reaction gas chamber reaction gases or product gas.
For let above-mentioned and other purposes of the present invention, feature and advantage can be more obviously understandable, hereinafter is special lifts preferred embodiment, and conjunction with figs., elaborates as follows.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A and Figure 1B are the synoptic diagram of the fuel concentration measuring method of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is under different fuel concentration situation, the time curve of oxygen concentration that sensor is measured and stop supplies oxygen.
Fig. 3 is applied to the synoptic diagram in the fuel cell generation for fuel concentration measuring device.
The main element symbol description
100: fuel concentration measuring device
110: catalyst layer
120: diffusion layer
130: fuel chambers
140: reaction gas chamber
150: sensor
160: fuel to be measured
170: reacting gas
200: fuel cell generation
210: the fuel recycle device
220: the fuel storage groove
230: fuel cell module
232: fuel cell
Embodiment
First embodiment
Figure 1A and Figure 1B are the synoptic diagram of the fuel concentration measuring method of first embodiment of the invention.Please earlier with reference to Figure 1A, at first, a fuel concentration measuring device 100 is provided, this fuel concentration measuring device 100 comprises a catalyst layer 110, a diffusion layer 120, a fuel chambers 130, a reaction gas chamber 140 and a sensor 150.Diffusion layer 120 is connected with catalyst layer 110, and fuel chambers 130 is suitable for holding fuel 160 to be measured, and diffusion layer 120 is between fuel chambers 130 and catalyst layer 110.Reaction gas chamber 140 is suitable for holding reacting gas 170, and catalyst layer 110 is between reaction gas chamber 140 and diffusion layer 120.Sensor 150 is disposed on the reaction gas chamber 140, to measure the concentration of the reacting gas 170 in the reaction gas chamber 140.It should be noted that this field has common knowledge the knowledgeable and works as and can select appropriate sensor 150 according to the reacting gas 170 that institute's desire is measured, so the present invention does not limit the kind of the sensor that is adopted.
In the present embodiment, the material of catalyst layer 110 is mainly platinum catalyst or other high activity catalyst and sticker, and the thickness of catalyst layer 110 for example is between 1 micron and 50 microns.The material of diffusion layer 120 comprises that stupalith, macromolecular material etc. possess can let the base material of methanol crossover, and the thickness of diffusion layer 120 for example is between 10 microns and 1000 microns.In addition; The volume of reaction gas chamber 140 for example is between 0.1c.c. and 100c.c.; It should be noted that; The volume of reaction gas chamber 140 can be done change slightly according to the thickness of the concentration of fuel 160 to be measured, diffusion layer material or coefficient of diffusion, above-mentioned size be merely with reference to but not specially be its restriction.Specifically; If will carry out measurement of concetration to the fuel to be measured 160 of high concentration; The reaction gas chamber 140 that volume is bigger can provide preferable measurement sensitivity (sensitivity); Otherwise 140 less of reaction gas chamber of volume are fit to the fuel to be measured 160 of low concentration is carried out measurement of concetration, can shorten effectively and measure the required time.
Then, a fuel 160 to be measured is supplied in the fuel chambers 130 of fuel concentration measuring device 100, and a reacting gas 170 is supplied in the reaction gas chamber 140 of fuel concentration measuring device 100.In the present embodiment, the fuel 160 that is supplied in the fuel chambers 130 for example is the uncertain methanol solution of a concentration.Certainly, the fuel 160 that is supplied in the fuel chambers 130 can also be other kinds fuel, for example ethanolic solution, formic acid solution etc., and this area has common knowledge the knowledgeable can select suitable fuel and catalyst kind according to actual demand.In addition, the reacting gas 170 that is supplied in the reaction gas chamber 140 for example is air, oxygen or other suitable gas.When fuel 160 to be measured is provided to fuel concentration measuring device 100 with reacting gas 170; Part fuel 160 to be measured in the fuel chambers 130 diffuses in the catalyst layer 110 via diffusion layer 120; And reacting gas 170 can get in the catalyst layer 110; And fuel 160 to be measured carries out combustion reaction with reacting gas 170 in catalyst layer 110, be provided to the reacting gas 170 in the reaction gas chamber 140 with consumption, and produces product gas (like carbon dioxide).The reaction equation of aforesaid combustion reaction is following:
3/2O2+CH3OH→CO2+2H2O
Then please with reference to Figure 1B, present embodiment can utilize the mode of pilot-gas conveying element or controlled valve (not shown), is supplied to reacting gas 170 amounts in the reaction gas chamber 140 with minimizing, or stop supplies reacting gas 170 to reaction gas chamber 140.Because fuel to be measured 160 amounts in the unit interval in institute's catalyst layer that arrives 110 and fuel to be measured 160 concentration in the fuel chambers 130 have the relation of direct ratio, so the wear rate that the numbers meeting directly influence reaction gas chamber 140 reaction gases 170 is measured via the fuel to be measured 160 in the diffusion phenomena arrival catalyst layer 110 by institute in the unit interval.Specifically; When the reacting gas 170 of supply on restriction to reaction gas chamber 140 is measured; Since the reacting gas 170 in the reaction gas chamber 140 can with diffuse to fuel to be measured 160 in the catalyst layer 110 and carry out combustion reaction and be consumed gradually, so the measured value that the speed that consumes of reacting gas 170 can see through sensor 150 directly judged.
In above-mentioned example, sensor 150 is the concentration in order to measurement reacting gas 170, and then extrapolates the wear rate of reacting gas 170.Yet; Because the speed of reactant consumption is proportional to the speed of product carbon dioxide generating; So present embodiment can be selected the sensor 150 of other gases for use,, and then extrapolate the generation speed of product gas (like carbon dioxide) so that sensor 150 can be measured the concentration of product gas.In the present embodiment; Sensor 150 can be the gas concentration lwevel sensor; And this gas concentration lwevel sensor can be in order to measuring the speed that gas concentration lwevel rises, or measuring gas concentration lwevel rises to the required time of a certain particular value, and then judge the concentration of fuel 160 to be measured.
In the present embodiment, when the reacting gas that is supplied to reaction gas chamber 140 170 was blocked, the change rate of concentration (being wear rate) of the reacting gas 170 in the reaction gas chamber 140 had close association with the concentration of fuel 160 to be measured.Specifically, if the concentration of fuel 160 to be measured is high more, in its unit interval to diffuse to the fuel quantity of catalyst layer 110 from fuel chambers 130 just many more, at this moment, the wear rate of reacting gas 170 is just fast more; Otherwise if the concentration of fuel 160 to be measured is low more, it is just few more to diffuse to the fuel quantity of catalyst layer 110 from fuel chambers 130 in its unit interval, and at this moment, the wear rate of reacting gas 170 is just slow more.It should be noted that reacting gas 170 amounts in the reaction gas chamber 140 just are equivalent to the volume of reaction gas chamber 140 when stop supplies reacting gas 170 during to reaction gas chamber 140.
According to above-mentioned; Because the concentration of fuel 160 to be measured is relevant with the wear rate of reacting gas 170; Therefore the present invention can see through the concentration that sensor 150 is directly measured the reacting gas 170 in the reaction gas chamber 140, and promptly extrapolates the concentration of fuel 160 to be measured according to the wear rate of reacting gas 170.
Experimental example
In this experimental example, fuel to be measured is methanol solution, and reacting gas is an oxygen, and the sensor of being selected for use is an oxygen concentration sensor, and the volume of-reaction gas chamber is 5c.c., and the concentration of employed methanol solution is respectively 1%, 4%, 7% and 10%.
Fig. 2 is under different fuel concentration situation, the time curve of oxygen concentration that sensor is measured and stop supplies oxygen.Please with reference to Fig. 2, when the concentration of employed methanol solution was respectively 1%, 4%, 7% and 10%, the density loss speed of reacting gas had evident difference.In addition; The curve that methanol solution corresponded to of same concentrations is all very approaching, and the curve that methanol solution corresponded to of variable concentrations is very easy in identification, is difficult for obscuring; Therefore, can be very easily and extrapolate the concentration of methanol solution accurately from the curve of Fig. 2.
In this experimental example; The concentration of fuel to be measured can according to reacting gas concentration drop to a certain particular value must time calculate; Yet; The present invention does not limit and must calculate fuel concentration in this way, and the present invention also can extrapolate fuel concentration to be measured according to the density loss speed of reacting gas.
Second embodiment
Fig. 3 is applied to the synoptic diagram in the fuel cell generation for fuel concentration measuring device.Please with reference to Fig. 3; The fuel cell generation 200 of present embodiment comprises aforesaid fuel concentration measuring device 100, a fuel recycle device 210, a fuel storage groove 220 and a fuel cell module 230, and wherein fuel recycle device 210 is suitable for the fuel in the fuel storage groove 220 is delivered in fuel concentration measuring device 100 and the fuel cell module 230.In the present embodiment, fuel cell module 230 can comprise one or a plurality of fuel cell 232, and fuel cell 232 for example is a direct methanol fuel cell monomer.Certainly, the fuel cell 232 that present embodiment adopted can be the fuel cell of any kenel, and this area has common knowledge the knowledgeable can select its optimal fuel cell according to actual demand.
In sum; Because the present invention can see through sensor and directly measure indoor reacting gas concentration of reacting gas or product gas concentration; And directly calculate the generation speed of indoor reacting gas wear rate of reacting gas or product gas; Judging the concentration of fuel to be measured, fuel concentration measuring method therefore proposed by the invention is very simple and accurately with device.In addition, fuel concentration measuring method of the present invention has quite high stability, is not vulnerable to that fuel flows, bubble, impurities from fuel in the fuel, mea is aging or factor affecting such as instability.
Though the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above; Right its is not that any those skilled in the art are not breaking away from the spirit and scope of the present invention in order to qualification the present invention; When can doing a little change and retouching, so protection scope of the present invention is when looking being as the criterion that claims define.
Claims (13)
1. fuel concentration measuring device is suitable for measuring the concentration of a fuel to be measured, and this fuel concentration measuring device comprises:
One catalyst layer;
One diffusion layer is connected with this catalyst layer;
One fuel chambers is suitable for holding this fuel to be measured, and wherein this diffusion layer directly contacts between this fuel chambers and this catalyst layer and with this fuel chambers;
One reaction gas chamber; Be suitable for holding this reacting gas; Wherein this catalyst layer is between this reaction gas chamber and this diffusion layer, and this fuel to be measured in this fuel chambers diffuses in this catalyst layer via this diffusion layer, and this fuel to be measured and this reacting gas carry out combustion reaction in this catalyst layer; Consuming this indoor reacting gas of this reacting gas, and produce a product gas; And
One sensor is disposed on this reaction gas chamber, to measure this indoor reacting gas of this reacting gas or the concentration of this product gas.
2. fuel concentration measuring device according to claim 1, wherein this sensor comprises that an oxygen concentration sensor is to measure the concentration of indoor this reacting gas of this reacting gas.
3. fuel concentration measuring device according to claim 1, wherein this sensor comprises that a pressure gauge is to measure indoor this reaction gas pressure of this reacting gas.
4. fuel concentration measuring device according to claim 1, wherein this sensor comprises that a gas concentration lwevel sensor is to measure the concentration of indoor this product gas of this reacting gas.
5. fuel concentration measuring method comprises:
One fuel concentration measuring device according to claim 1 is provided;
One fuel to be measured is supplied to this fuel-side;
One reacting gas is supplied to this reaction gas chamber; And
Adjustment is supplied to the amount of reactant gases of this reaction gas chamber, and judges the concentration of this fuel to be measured according to the generation speed of the wear rate of indoor this reacting gas of this reacting gas or this product gas.
6. fuel concentration measuring method according to claim 5, wherein judge that according to the wear rate of indoor this reacting gas of this reacting gas the concentration of this fuel to be measured comprises:
See through this sensor and directly measure the concentration of this reacting gas; And
The concentration of judging this fuel to be measured according to the concentration and the time relation of this reacting gas.
7. fuel concentration measuring method according to claim 6, wherein the concentration of this fuel to be measured be according to this reacting gas concentration drop to a certain particular value must time judge.
8. fuel concentration measuring method according to claim 6, wherein the concentration of this fuel to be measured is to judge according to the decline rate of the concentration of this reacting gas.
9. fuel concentration measuring method according to claim 6, wherein the concentration of this fuel to be measured be according to this product gas concentration rise to a certain particular value must time judge.
10. fuel concentration measuring method according to claim 6, wherein the concentration of this fuel to be measured is to judge according to the ascending velocity of the concentration of this product gas.
11. fuel concentration measuring method according to claim 6, wherein this reacting gas comprises air or oxygen.
12. fuel concentration measuring method according to claim 6, wherein this fuel to be measured comprises methanol solution, ethanolic solution, or formic acid solution.
13. fuel concentration measuring method according to claim 5, wherein this adjustment method of being supplied to this indoor amount of reactant gases of this reacting gas comprises and stops this reacting gas to this reaction gas chamber.
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| CN 200810185614 CN101750464B (en) | 2008-12-17 | 2008-12-17 | Fuel concentration measuring device and method |
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| CN 200810185614 CN101750464B (en) | 2008-12-17 | 2008-12-17 | Fuel concentration measuring device and method |
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| CN101750464B true CN101750464B (en) | 2012-12-26 |
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| JP5984705B2 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2016-09-06 | 愛三工業株式会社 | Fuel characteristic measuring device |
| JP2013228365A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-11-07 | Aisan Ind Co Ltd | Liquid level measurement instrument |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| J.-T.WANG et al..A direct methanol fuel cell using acid-doped polybenzimidazole as polymer electrolyte.《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》.1996,第26卷第751-756页. * |
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