CN101749164B - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101749164B CN101749164B CN2009102615033A CN200910261503A CN101749164B CN 101749164 B CN101749164 B CN 101749164B CN 2009102615033 A CN2009102615033 A CN 2009102615033A CN 200910261503 A CN200910261503 A CN 200910261503A CN 101749164 B CN101749164 B CN 101749164B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ignition
- firing chamber
- combustion engine
- air mixture
- internal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
- F02P15/02—Arrangements having two or more sparking plugs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/12—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with positive ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D43/00—Conjoint electrical control of two or more functions, e.g. ignition, fuel-air mixture, recirculation, supercharging or exhaust-gas treatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P23/00—Other ignition
- F02P23/04—Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The invention relates to an internal combustion engine, in particular to an internal combustion engine comprising a combustion chamber (14) delimited by a piston (10) and a cylinder head (12) and an ignition device (20; 22) for igniting a fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber (14). The ignition device (20; 22) has at least one spark plug (20) and at least one laser ignition device (22), so that the fuel-air mixture can be ignited by the at least one spark plug (20) at a low mean effective operating pressure PME and by the at least one laser ignition device (22) at a high mean effective operating pressure PME.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of internal-combustion engine (Brennkraftmaschine), in particular for the gas engine (Gasmotor) of combustion of gaseous (gasfoermigen) fuel air mixture.
Background technique
Cicada is used for the various ignition method of gas engine in the prior art.In diesel method (Diesel-Verfahren), the liquid igniting of self-combusting type under high pressure that passes to compressed fuel air mixture realizes the igniting of the fuel air mixture in the firing chamber with the injection (igniting beam) of fuel.In Otto method (Otto-Verfahren), fuel air mixture is lighted by external source.
For the Otto method; Be used by means of the igniting (referring to for example file DE 196 24 965 A1, file DE 10 2,005,050 435 A1) of the vaporized fuel air mixture of electric ignition device (Zuendvorrichtung) with by means of the igniting (referring to for example file DE 10 2,007 001 087 A1) of the vaporized fuel air mixture of laser-ignition unit.In addition, can know by file DE 101 45944 A1 and a kind ofly have integrated laser-ignition unit to be used for the electric plug of multiple ignition (Mehrfachzuendung).
For the little pressure in the firing chamber, lighting aerating mixture (Ladungsgemische) by electric plug is a kind of certified favourable and reliable method.Under the pressure of the appropriateness in the firing chamber, the life-span of igniting polar is still quite grown.But, be the required voltage of the sparkover of the electrode density of the aerating mixture at ignition time point place (Dichte) in proportion to directly.This density is high more, and the number of the free electron that is used to puncture equally must be big more.Yet higher voltage also means, during voltage breakdown, flows through very large electric current [strength.Therefore, except the heat load owing to burning, the electrode of spark plug also further is heated extraly.This makes to be that the average effective working pressure (mittlere effektive Arbeitsdruck) in the cylinder of about 22bar is even very the life-span of advanced spark plug also is restricted to about 1000 hours at most in the scope of PME.
In the laser ignition of the fuel air mixture in the firing chamber (Laserzuendung), the focusing of the laser beam locate to realize through the focus (Brennpunkt) of definition from outer sensing (gerichteten) to the firing chamber.The advantage of laser ignition is, can almost at random in the firing chamber, select ignition location and this method to be particularly suitable for high average effective working pressure.For the higher density of the essential laser energy of laser ignition along with the aerating mixture of waiting to light a fire reduces significantly, because the photon absorption of the molecule in the aerating mixture is corresponding to density and more and more efficient.
The shortcoming of laser ignition is the cost that is used for laser tool, the pollution and the short life-span thereof of optics firing chamber eyeglass (Brennraumglaeser).Through possibly on the eyeglass of firing chamber, forming deposition at the residue that produces during the combustion phase.This has hindered the light beam of laser to pass through and laser absorption or scattering has been got back in the eyeglass of firing chamber.Thus, lost the laser energy of the igniting that is used for the firing chamber on the one hand, on the other hand, the heat load of firing chamber eyeglass also obviously increases.This effect is especially very outstanding under little inflation pressure, because high especially for the required laser energy of igniting at this.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the objective of the invention is to, design a kind of internal-combustion engine and a kind of ignition method that is used for fuel air mixture that has through the ignition mechanism that is used for fuel air mixture that improves through improving.
According to first aspect, the internal-combustion engine of the characteristic of this purpose through having claim 1 is realized.Favourable design proposal and improvement project according to internal-combustion engine of the present invention are explained in the dependent claims.
Internal-combustion engine of the present invention comprises firing chamber that is limited piston and cylinder head (Zylinderkopf) and the ignition installation (Zuendeinrichtung) that is used for the fuel air mixture of firing chamber is lighted.This ignition installation has at least one electric ignition device and at least one optics ignition mechanism.
Through not only being provided with electric ignition device but also be provided with the optics ignition mechanism to be used for the fuel air mixture of ignition combustion chamber; Can combine the advantage of two kinds of systems and their shortcoming is minimized, thereby can carry out igniting process and can prolong electric ignition device and the life-span of optics ignition mechanism with less energy consumption.
In a kind of design proposal of the present invention, this at least one electric ignition device extend in the firing chamber and this at least one optics ignition mechanism focuses on light beam (Lichtstrahl) in combustion chambers of internal combustion engines.
In a kind of alternative design proposal of the present invention, the firing chamber links to each other with precombustion chamber (Vorkammer).In this situation, this at least one electric ignition device extend in this precombustion chamber and this at least one optics ignition mechanism focuses on light beam in this precombustion chamber.
In a kind of preferred form of implementation of the present invention, also be provided with control gear, it is handled this at least one electric ignition device during less than predetermined threshold value and handles this at least one optics ignition mechanism so that the fuel air mixture in the ignition combustion chamber at average effective working pressure PME during greater than this predetermined threshold value at average effective working pressure PME.Predetermined threshold value for example is arranged in about scope of 12 to 18bar, preferably is arranged in about scope of 14 to 17bar, more preferably is positioned at about 16bar place.
According to second aspect, the ignition method that is used for internal-combustion engine of the characteristic of above-mentioned purpose through having claim 6 is realized.The object that is dependent claims according to the favourable design proposal and the improvement project of ignition method of the present invention.
At the ignition method that is used for internal-combustion engine according to the present invention; As average effective working pressure PME during less than predetermined threshold value; Lighted through at least one electric ignition device the fuel air mixture in the firing chamber that piston and cylinder head limited; And as average effective working pressure PME during greater than this predetermined threshold value, this fuel air mixture is lighted through at least one optics ignition mechanism.
Ignition method of the present invention combined the fuel air mixture in the combustion chambers of internal combustion engines known spark ignition and the igniting of known optics advantage and their shortcoming is minimized.Use spark ignition, the life-span that can obviously improve electric ignition device through being merely little until medium PME.After spark ignition turn-offs, only be used for the application that use that the optics of higher PME lights a fire has allowed to utilize the optical apparatus of less energy.Such optical apparatus cost is significantly lower.In addition, more low-energy (energieaermerer) light beam minimizes the heat load of the optical system of firing chamber, can significantly improve its life-span thus.
Should for example be arranged in about scope of 12 to 18bar by predetermined threshold value, preferably be arranged in about scope of 14 to 17bar, more preferably be positioned at about 16bar place.
In a kind of design proposal of the present invention, fuel air mixture is lighted in the firing chamber of internal-combustion engine.
In a kind of alternative design proposal of the present invention, fuel air mixture is lighted in internal-combustion engine and precombustion chamber that the firing chamber links to each other.
The present invention can especially be used in gas engine to be used for the igniting of vaporized fuel air mixture in an advantageous manner.But on the principle, Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine of the present invention and ignition method can be employed in the petrol engine of the igniting that has liquid fuel and DENG equally.
Description of drawings
The present invention above-mentioned and additional features and advantage will be by the description of the preferred embodiment of the following appended drawing of reference and understood better.Wherein:
Fig. 1 has shown the schematic cut-away section view according to the internal-combustion engine of the first embodiment of the present invention; With
Fig. 2 has shown the schematic cut-away section view of internal-combustion engine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
List of reference characters
10 pistons
12 cylinder head
14 firing chambers
At the bottom of 16 pistons (Kolbenboden)
18 cavitys (Mulde)
20 electric ignition devices (spark plug)
22 optics ignition mechanisms (laser-ignition unit)
24 laser devices
26 laser beams
28 lens subassemblies
30 firing chamber windows
The focus of 32 laser beams
34 control gear
36 precombustion chambers
38 precombustion chamber windows
Embodiment
Be that example is described the present invention below with the gas engine.In this situation, fuel air mixture comprises the fuel and the air of gaseous state.The fuel of gaseous state for example is inflammable gas (brennbaresGas), like rock gas (Erdgas).
But, also can in petrol engine and DENG, be used on the principle of the invention, therein, fuel air mixture comprises combustible liquid (for example gasoline) and air with the form of for example fuel fog.In addition, the present invention be equally applicable to other combustible gas (mixture of for example forming) by hydrogen and oxygen or have the combustible mixture of gas and liquid igniting---even this gas or mixture do not comprise air.Notion " fuel air mixture " comprises the modification that all are mentioned this scope of invention planted agent.
With reference to Fig. 1, first embodiment to internal-combustion engine of the present invention describes now.
Internal-combustion engine has the firing chamber 14 that is limited piston 10 and cylinder head 12 in known manner, the fuel air mixture of this gaseous state burning therein and in this acting.
The igniting of vaporized fuel air mixture is directly carried out in firing chamber 14 in the embodiment in figure 1.For this purpose, be provided with the electric ignition device 20 of the spark plug form that extend in the firing chamber 14.In addition, be provided with the optics ignition mechanism 22 of laser-ignition unit form, it comprises and is used for producing the laser device 24 of laser beam 26 and being used to make laser beam 26 to focus on the lens subassembly 28 of firing chamber 14 through firing chamber window 30.
In the embodiment in figure 1, the focus 32 of laser-ignition unit 22 is positioned near the electrode of electric plug 20.But, can be focused on laser beam 26 principles on the almost arbitrary position in the firing chamber 14.
In the embodiment in figure 1, be provided with an electric ignition device 20 and an optics ignition mechanism 22.But equally also can arrange a plurality of electric ignition devices 20 and/or a plurality of optics ignition mechanism at 14 places, firing chamber of internal-combustion engine.
In the embodiment in figure 1, optics ignition mechanism 22 is designed to have the laser-ignition unit of the laser device 24 that is used to produce laser beam 26.On the principle, can consider other the optics ignition mechanism that has other high-energy light beam equally.
This at least one electric ignition device 20 is controlled by 34 of control gear with this at least one optics ignition mechanism 22.This control gear 34 is so controlled this two ignition mechanisms 20; 22; Promptly; Make that the vaporized fuel air mixture in the firing chamber 14 is lighted through this electric ignition device 20 during less than predetermined threshold value and lighted through this optics ignition mechanism 22 during greater than this predetermined threshold value at average effective working pressure PME at average effective working pressure PME.Should for example be arranged in about scope of 12 to 18bar by predetermined threshold value, preferably in about scope of 14 to 17bar, more preferably at about 16bar place.
Because electric ignition device 20 only in low to the working pressure PME of appropriateness, being used, so it can move by low relatively voltage, can obviously improve its life-span thus.Can improve the life-span of firing chamber eyeglass 30 similarly significantly because laser-ignition unit 22 only be used under the high working pressure PME and therefore for the igniting process in the firing chamber more low-energy laser beam be enough.The lower required energy that is used for electric plug 20 and laser-ignition unit 22 allowed lower cost parts use and reduced operating cost.
Under the reference to Fig. 2, second embodiment to internal-combustion engine discusses now.At this, identical or similarly parts and member to carry out mark with identical reference number in first embodiment.
Second embodiment so is different from above-mentioned first embodiment, that is, the igniting of vaporized fuel air mixture is not in firing chamber 14 itself but carry out in cylinder head 12 and the precombustion chamber 36 that firing chamber 14 links to each other.
For this purpose, ignition mechanism 20,22 so arranges, that is, the focus 32 of the laser beam 26 that electric plug 20 extend in this precombustion chamber 36 and produced by laser-ignition unit 22 is arranged in this precombustion chamber 36.Than first embodiment, be provided with the corresponding precombustion chamber window 38 that is used for the laser beam 26 that is produced by laser device 24 is coupled to precombustion chamber 36 here extraly.
Remaining characteristic is corresponding with the embodiment's of Fig. 1 characteristic and modification possibility with the modification possibility.In addition, utilize this embodiment to obtain and the identical advantage of utilizing first embodiment described above to be obtained.
Should point out that at last the present invention should not be limited to the special structure of firing chamber 14, electric ignition device 20 and optics ignition mechanism 22.
Claims (8)
1. internal-combustion engine has the firing chamber (14) that is limited piston (10) and cylinder head (12) and is used for lighting the ignition installation (20 of the fuel air mixture of said firing chamber (14); 22), it is characterized in that said ignition installation (20; 22) have at least one electric ignition device (20) and at least one optics ignition mechanism (22); Wherein, Be provided with control gear (34), its less than average effective working pressure PME said at least one electric ignition device of lower-pilot (20) of predetermined threshold value and greater than said at least one optics ignition mechanism (22) of average effective working pressure PME lower-pilot of said predetermined threshold value to light the said fuel air mixture in the said firing chamber (14).
2. internal-combustion engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said at least one electric ignition device (20) extend in the said firing chamber (14) and said at least one optics ignition mechanism (22) focuses on light beam (26) in said firing chamber (14).
3. internal-combustion engine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that said firing chamber (14) link to each other with precombustion chamber (36) and said at least one electric ignition device (20) extend in the said precombustion chamber (36) and said at least one optics ignition mechanism (22) focuses on light beam (26) in said precombustion chamber (36).
4. internal-combustion engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said predetermined threshold value is arranged in 12 to 18bar scope.
5. ignition method that is used for internal-combustion engine; Wherein, As average effective working pressure PME during less than predetermined threshold value, light the fuel air mixture in the firing chamber (14) that is limited piston (10) and cylinder head (12) through at least one electric ignition device (20), and; As said average effective working pressure PME during, light said fuel air mixture through at least one optics ignition mechanism (22) greater than said predetermined threshold value.
6. ignition method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, said predetermined threshold value is arranged in 12 to 18bar scope.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described ignition methods, it is characterized in that said fuel air mixture is lighted in the firing chamber (14) of said internal-combustion engine.
8. according to claim 5 or 6 described ignition methods, it is characterized in that said fuel air mixture is lighted in the precombustion chamber (36) of the said internal-combustion engine that links to each other with said firing chamber (14).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008061242A DE102008061242A1 (en) | 2008-12-09 | 2008-12-09 | Internal combustion engine |
| DE102008061242.1 | 2008-12-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101749164A CN101749164A (en) | 2010-06-23 |
| CN101749164B true CN101749164B (en) | 2012-05-16 |
Family
ID=41263495
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102615033A Expired - Fee Related CN101749164B (en) | 2008-12-09 | 2009-12-08 | Internal combustion engine |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2010138897A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20100066336A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101749164B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102008061242A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI122750B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010042318A1 (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2012-04-12 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Ignition system with optional spark-ignition and partial-discharge ignition depending on the engine load |
| DE102012208069A1 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-21 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Spark plug for an internal combustion engine |
| DE102012208085A1 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-21 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Spark plug for an internal combustion engine |
| CN111771051B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2022-05-03 | 卡明斯公司 | Apparatus and system for dual ignition sources for a vehicle |
| CN112901394B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2022-09-20 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Ignition device and engine |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006132492A (en) * | 2004-11-09 | 2006-05-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Laser igniting engine with laser beam transmission prism |
| JP2006250090A (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-21 | Denso Corp | Laser ignitor provided with warm-up device |
| JP2006316715A (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-24 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Sub-chamber type internal combustion engine |
| JP2007177762A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2007-07-12 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Internal combustion engine |
| CN101184917A (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2008-05-21 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Ignition device for internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02286880A (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-11-27 | Suzuki Motor Corp | Combustion control device of internal combustion engine |
| DE19624965A1 (en) | 1996-06-22 | 1998-01-02 | Motoren Werke Mannheim Ag | Ignition system for a gas engine |
| JP2000110645A (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 2000-04-18 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Combustion control device for multiple cylinder internal combustion engine |
| DE10145944A1 (en) | 2001-09-18 | 2003-04-03 | Ruediger Ufermann | Spark plug with integral laser ignition, includes bores in connection rod and central electrode which carry captive optical conductor |
| JP4806998B2 (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2011-11-02 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine |
| DE102005050435B4 (en) | 2005-10-19 | 2011-04-14 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Gas engine and ignition device for a gas engine |
| DE102007001087A1 (en) | 2006-08-24 | 2008-02-28 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Laser ignition device for fuel air mixture, particularly internal combustion engine, has optically pumped laser medium, which emits pilot injection, coupled in fuel air mixture during operation |
-
2008
- 2008-12-09 DE DE102008061242A patent/DE102008061242A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-09-15 KR KR1020090087007A patent/KR20100066336A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-10-13 JP JP2009236546A patent/JP2010138897A/en active Pending
- 2009-10-21 FI FI20096080A patent/FI122750B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-12-08 CN CN2009102615033A patent/CN101749164B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006132492A (en) * | 2004-11-09 | 2006-05-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Laser igniting engine with laser beam transmission prism |
| JP2006250090A (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-21 | Denso Corp | Laser ignitor provided with warm-up device |
| JP2006316715A (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-24 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Sub-chamber type internal combustion engine |
| CN101184917A (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2008-05-21 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Ignition device for internal combustion engine |
| JP2007177762A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2007-07-12 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI122750B (en) | 2012-06-29 |
| FI20096080A (en) | 2010-06-10 |
| CN101749164A (en) | 2010-06-23 |
| FI20096080A0 (en) | 2009-10-21 |
| JP2010138897A (en) | 2010-06-24 |
| DE102008061242A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
| KR20100066336A (en) | 2010-06-17 |
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