CN101747098A - Method for efficiently and cleanly disposing solid organic wastes - Google Patents
Method for efficiently and cleanly disposing solid organic wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN101747098A CN101747098A CN200810080070A CN200810080070A CN101747098A CN 101747098 A CN101747098 A CN 101747098A CN 200810080070 A CN200810080070 A CN 200810080070A CN 200810080070 A CN200810080070 A CN 200810080070A CN 101747098 A CN101747098 A CN 101747098A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for efficiently and cleanly disposing solid organic wastes, which comprises following steps: a, crashing the solid organic wastes into granular materials, adding auxiliary materials in the granular materials, adjusting ratio of carbon to nitrogen, composting and fermenting the mixture; b, placing light-energy nutritional microorganisms in a photobioreactor, adding liquid culturing solution in the photobioreactor and culturing the microorganisms; and c, delivering gas discharged from a compost reactor to the photobioreactor, and generating the enriched products of the microorganisms. In the process of disposing the solid organic wastes, the invention cannot only recover and utilize all the wastes in a technological process, but also produce a plurality of by-products with economic use values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the organic solid castoff recoverying and utilizing method, specifically a kind of organic solid castoff compost method.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of human lives's consumption, the accumulation of all kinds of organic wastes (as culturing fowl and animal excrement, straw from village, domestic refuse, municipal sludge or the like) is all at rapid growth.And in the rubbish organic content up to 60%～70%.A large amount of organic garbage of city has caused pollution not only for the atmosphere in city, and because CO2 and CH4 that its respiration gave out have caused Greenhouse effect especially.At present, handle organic waste both at home and abroad and mainly adopt methods such as landfill, burning, compost.But all there are many weak points in existing method.For example landfill method can cause effusion polluted water resource; Burning method can produce toxic and harmfuls such as Dioxins, and the ashes after burning have huge toxic action to soil.Therefore composting process is subjected to scientific research personnel's great attention because it can produce free of contamination organic fertilizer when handling organic waste.But existing compost fermentation method also gives off a large amount of carbonic acid gas and organism foul smell when obtaining fertilizer, and causes a large amount of losses of nutritive ingredients such as nitrogen.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of that purpose of the present invention will provide exactly, the method for the processing organic solid castoff of efficient, cleaning.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
The inventive method may further comprise the steps:
A〉the organic solid waste is ground into particulate material, add auxiliary material, transferring carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20～40: 1, mixes the back and adds in the compost retort bubbling air, compost fermentation 8～16 days;
B〉luminous energy nutritional type microorganism is placed the illumination bio-reactor, add liquid medium, temperature is controlled at 20～40 ℃, places 36～72 hours;
C〉with a〉expellant gas is delivered to after germicidal treatment in the illumination bio-reactor in the operation compost retort; When luminous energy nutritional type microbial cells dry substance concentration during, will swim in the microbial enrichment product output on illumination bio-reactor top greater than 1g/L.
For the effect of the compost fermentation that further improves when the bubbling air toward the compost retort in, the air capacity of its feeding is amounted to into contained oxymeter, being controlled at every gram has the thing solid waste to feed 1.0～4.0 to restrain oxygen.
Auxiliary material of the present invention is similarly waste of organic matter.In view of different organic waste (as weedtree, straw, wheat straw, corn cob, soya-bean cake, horsehit, pig manure, chicken manure etc.) all has its corresponding carbon-nitrogen ratio (seeing common culture material carbon-nitrogen ratio table for details), so when handling certain organic waste, can be according to the carbon-nitrogen ratio table, mix and add other organic wastes, it is within 20～40: 1 scope that carbon-nitrogen ratio is controlled at.The organic waste that be used to regulate carbon-nitrogen ratio this moment is called auxiliary material.
Illumination bio-reactor among the present invention is connected in series with the compost retort and is one.Because a〉the compost reaction consumes oxygen of operation produces carbonic acid gas, b the illumination biological respinse (being luminous energy nutritional type microbial growth, breeding) of operation then absorbing carbon dioxide emit oxygen, the two just in time forms circulation and transforms chain like this.The carbonic acid gas that the compost reaction is produced is transported in the illumination bio-reactor by pipeline, can be the illumination biological respinse required carbon source is provided; The oxygen that the biological respinse of illumination is simultaneously produced also can be transported in the compost retort by pipeline, promotes the fermentation reaction of compost with this.
In order further to improve recycle efficient of the present invention, be serially connected with biogas generator between illumination bio-reactor and the compost retort in the inventive method; Said compost retort is by several tank bodies (as 2,3,6 or more) and be linked as one group, and feed water respectively fermented product is carried out intermittent type flushing, each flush time 15～30 minutes, the washing fluid that gives off is disposed in the biogas generator, reacts with anaerobic sludge; Behind each discharging washing fluid, 2～8 days at interval, wash again next time; The fate at concrete interval and the number of times of flushing can be determined according to the ripe cycle of compost fermentation, as being difficult for the stalk class organic waste of fermentation, generally needed compost fermentation 14～15 talentes can form available compost (promptly the ripe cycle is 14～15 days).Because its fermenting speed is slow, so washes back jar intravital temperature recovery and also just relatively grow (about 6～8 days) to washing the used time of preceding temperature.General thus 6～8 days flushable 1 time at interval, wash approximately 2 times.And for the bean dregs class organic waste of easy fermentation, compost fermentation generally needs 6～10 days.Because its fermenting speed is fast, so washes back jar intravital temperature recovery and also just relatively lack (about 2～3 days) to washing the used time of preceding temperature.General thus 2～3 days flushable 1 time at interval, wash approximately 2～3 times.
Washing fluid is disposed in the biogas generator, reacts with anaerobic sludge, and the natural pond liquid of generation can be used as nutrient input and delivers in the illumination bio-reactor after germicidal treatment, for luminous energy nutritional type microorganism keeps the skin wet, nitrogenous source, inorganic salt and somatomedin.
In composting fermentation process, the present invention adopts the method for the fermented product in the compost retort being carried out periodic flushing, helps like this having competent oxygen in the compost reaction.But,, will certainly cause new environmental pollution if the liquid after will washing discharges naturally.And after being serially connected with biogas generator between illumination bio-reactor and the compost retort, washing fluid can be disposed in the biogas generator, it can become biogas with anaerobic sludge reaction in the biogas generator.Inflammable gas in the biogas can be used for the human lives, and it provides competent carbon source in the illumination nutritional type microorganism that the carbonic acid gas that combustion processes is discharged can be in the illumination bio-reactor.Both improved the speed that organic solid castoff is recycled thus, avoided the pollution once more that caused in the treating processes again, and also made full use of waste gas simultaneously and produce the useful matter that makes new advances.
The above-mentioned intermittent type flushing operation that the inventive method adopts, both the number of times of adjustable flushing can guarantee again that washing fluid had the value (make and be rich in more organonitrogen in the washing fluid) that industrialization utilizes.The parallel connection of two or more compost retort is used, realized reinforced in turn, discharging in turn (continuous output organic compost is also discharged carbonic acid gas), for illumination nutrition microorganism provides carbon source endlessly, also can produce a large amount of microbial enrichment products continuously thus.
Illumination bio-reactor among the present invention is one group by several reactors (as 2,3,6 or more) serial connection preferably.The microbial enrichment product that can fully guarantee q.s is so on the one hand supplied with, and also can fully digest the carbonic acid gas that is produced in the whole technology on the other hand.
Luminous energy nutritional type microorganism among the present invention can be selected from algae, cyanobacteria and photosynthetic bacterium.Any one or its mixing microorganisms in preferred algae or the cyanobacteria wherein.These microorganisms all are commercially available, and also can obtain according to the mode of existing routine techniques with nature collection, separation, purification, enlarged culturing;
Algae of the present invention can be a dinoflagellate, green alga (as chlorella, chlamydomonas, Closterium), Euglena, any one in the diatom (as the particle melosira), or any mixing microorganisms of different algaes.Also any mixing microorganisms of algae and cyanobacteria.
Liquid medium of the present invention can be selected normally used general inorganic nutrient solution for use, as mainly containing the inorganic nutrient solution of moisture, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, also can select the anaerobic sludge leach liquor for use.
Method for disinfection of the present invention can adopt sterilizing method commonly used.Can adopt UV irradiation equipment as gas depoisoning, liquid disinfection can adopt ozone sterilization device or ultrasonic sterilization device.
Illumination bio-reactor among the present invention can adopt printing opacity, airtight glass (or synthetic glass) container, and other can fully absorb the carbonic acid gas of luminous energy and external supply, and the container of good growth and breeding condition is provided for luminous energy nutritional type microorganism.
Adopt the inventive method that organic solid castoff is handled, both can obtain organic fertilizer, can make full use of nutritive substances such as the Carbon emission of being discharged in the compost reaction, nitrogen again and promote the breeding of luminous energy nutritional type microbial growth; The microbial enrichment product nutrient that is generated is abundant, very easily decompose, sulphur content is little, volume yield rate is high, decompose utilization ratio can reach more than 95%.This microbial enrichment product can be used as the biogas raw material again, forms methane with the anaerobic sludge effect.Biogas can be used for burning, and to can be used for the human lives required for the heat energy that produced.Produced in the biogas generative process, carbonic acid gas and natural pond liquid can be luminous energy nutritional type microbial growth breeding through simple process and required carbon source, nitrogenous source, moisture are provided, are other trace trace elements.Its residue natural pond slag also is a kind of of great value organic fertilizer.
Therefore, the inventive method not only can be recycled wastes all in the technical process in the process of handling organic solid castoff, also can produce the multiple byproduct that economic use value is arranged.
The inventive method adopts the technical process of airtight and recycle, thereby has solved problems such as the existing volatile organic matter loss of existing composting technology, environmental pollution, inefficiency, deficiency in economic performance.The present invention compares with existing technology also has advantages such as investment is little, efficient is high, running cost is low.
The present invention is further illustrated below to pass through specific embodiment and process flow diagram of the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The equipment that present embodiment adopted has bioreactor, compost retort, biogas generator, boiler.
The compost retort that is adopted has 6, is cascaded each 10m respectively with bioreactor
3, 6m can feed
3The bioreactor that is adopted is printing opacity, airtight Glass Containers, and 3 bioreactors serial connections are one group.Between illumination bio-reactor and compost retort, be serially connected with biogas generator, combustion unit (boiler).
Technical process as shown in Figure 1, concrete grammar is:
A〉straw powder is broken into particulate material about 10mm, add pig manure according to 1: 1 weight ratio, reconcile carbon-nitrogen ratio, (making its carbon-nitrogen ratio be controlled at 20～40: within 1), mixing the back adds in the compost retort, 1 hour bubbling air 1 hour in the compost retort at interval, 150 liters/minute of air flows.Behind the compost fermentation 3 days, feed water to the compost retort and washing fluid discharged after fermented product washed 30 minutes and be delivered in the biogas generation tank for about 2 tons; In order to provide washing fluid and natural pond liquid for biogas jar and bioreactor continuously, adopt the mode that starts successively continuously.Promptly first day,, start first compost retort to first compost reaction ladle addition.Second day, reinforced in second compost retort, start second compost retort.So, every mistake 1 day starts a compost retort, all starts until 6 compost retort.Flushing operation is generally at reinforced back the 3rd day, flushing operation also is to wash successively from beginning in the 3rd day of first jar startup like this, after having every day a jar to carry out flushing operation 2 tons of washing fluids are entered the biogas generation tank, the biogas generation tank can be carried 2 tons of sterilization natural pond liquid to the illumination bio-reactor every day like this.So move in circles.Through about 15 days compost fermentation time, compost is finished, and can take turns discharging, and is reinforced in turn again.The material that this moment, the compost reaction was become can be processed into organic fertilizer and sell.The waste gas of discharging in the compost reaction process (containing a large amount of carbonic acid gas, ammonia and foul smell) feeds the illumination bio-reactor and provides carbon source and partial nitrogen source for luminous energy nutritional type microorganism by behind the ultraviolet illumination disinfection.Give off washing fluid from the compost retort, be disposed in the biogas generator, reacting with anaerobic sludge forms methane; It is required for the human lives that biogas changes into heat energy by combustion unit (boiler).The carbon dioxide that discharges in combustion processes is delivered in the illumination bio-reactor, for luminous energy nutritional type microorganism growth, breeding provide carbon source.The natural pond liquid that produces in the biogas generative process is killed virus through ultrasonic sterilization, feeds in the illumination bio-reactor, is the luminous energy nutritional type microorganism make up water nutritive substance that grades.The gas (being mainly oxygen) that the metabolism of luminous energy nutritional type microorganism growth is produced in the illumination bio-reactor feeds in the compost retort, quickens the carrying out of compost fermentation reaction.
Can produce 30～40m in average every month like this
3Fertilizer; Every day, about producing microbial enriched product was 100～200 kilograms, produced biogas as this with enriched product, and can produce 50～100m every day
3
Embodiment 2
The equipment that present embodiment adopts includes illumination bio-reactor, compost retort.
3 illumination bio-reactor serial connections of present embodiment are one group.The carbon dioxide that the compost retort is produced feeds respectively in 3 illumination bio-reactors by shunt conduit, for luminous energy nutritional type microorganism growth, breeding provide carbon source.The oxygen that produces in the illumination bioprocesses feeds back to the compost retort, for the compost reaction provides required.Technical process is with reference to Fig. 1.
Concrete processing step is:
A〉straw powder is broken into particulate material about 20mm, weight ratio according to 1: 1.2, add cow dung and reconcile carbon-nitrogen ratio, (making its carbon-nitrogen ratio be controlled at 20～40: within 1) mixed the back and added in the compost retort, and 2 hours bubbling airs are 1.5 hours at interval, 100 liters/minute of air flows, bubbling air, reactant fermentation 12 days forms compost.The gas that produces in the fermenting process is conveyed into b by after the ozonateur sterilization〉in the illumination bio-reactor of operation.
B〉illumination bio-reactor (for transparent airtight synthetic glass container) is placed in the heliogreenhouse, and should there be sufficient illumination uniformly in the greenhouse, and temperature remains on about 25～30 ℃ in the greenhouse; Cyanobacteria is placed the illumination bio-reactor, the liquid medium that adds container amount 65%, liquid medium is according to 1: 1 weight ratio, by anaerobic sludge leach liquor (this liquid can be buied from market) and water formation, fluid temperature is controlled at 35～40 ℃, places 60～72 hours.
C〉expellant gas (being mainly carbonic acid gas) is delivered in the illumination bio-reactor after by the ozonateur sterilization in the compost retort; When luminous energy nutritional type microorganism dry substance concentration during, will swim in the microbial enrichment product output on illumination bio-reactor top greater than 1g/L.After the normal startup of illumination biological respinse, the gas (being mainly oxygen) that the illumination bio-reactor is produced feeds the utilization of compost retort internal recycle.
After whole engineering operation gets up, detect ecotope in the illumination bio-reactor at any time according to routine techniques, suitably mend microorganism and nutrient solution, to guarantee the vigorous breeding of microorganism.
Embodiment 3
The illumination bio-reactor of present embodiment is 1,1 of compost retort.Technical process can be with reference to Fig. 1.
Concrete processing step is:
A〉soybean cake powder is broken into particulate material about 10mm, add straw and reconcile carbon-nitrogen ratio, (making its carbon-nitrogen ratio be controlled at 20～40: within 1) puts into the compost retort after the mixing, the continuous blowing air of initial operating stage, air flow is controlled at 1.0g O
2/ g organic matter---4.0g O
2Between/g the organic matter.Fermented 10 days, and formed compost.
B〉with chlorella, bulk kelp places the illumination bio-reactor, adds the anaerobic sludge leach liquor (this liquid can be buied from market), and water temp is controlled at 25～30 ℃, places 36～40 hours.
C〉expellant gas (being mainly carbonic acid gas) is delivered to after germicidal treatment in the illumination bio-reactor in the compost retort; When luminous energy nutritional type microorganism dry substance concentration during, will swim in the microbial enrichment product output on illumination bio-reactor top greater than 1g/L.After the normal startup of illumination biological respinse, the gas (being mainly oxygen) that the illumination bio-reactor is produced feeds the utilization of compost retort internal recycle.
Embodiment 4
Technical process can be with reference to Fig. 1.
Concrete processing step is:
A〉wood chip (being crushed to 5mm left and right sides particle), add the chicken manure raw material, according to chicken manure and wood chip weight ratio is 5: 2, reconcile carbon-nitrogen ratio, (making its carbon-nitrogen ratio be controlled at 20～40: within 1) mixed the back and added in the compost retort, the continuous blowing air of initial operating stage, air flow is controlled at 300 liters/minute, ferments 16 days, forms compost.
B〉dinoflagellate is placed the illumination bio-reactor, add the anaerobic sludge leach liquor (this liquid can be buied from market), water temp is controlled at 25～30 ℃, places 36～40 hours.
C〉expellant gas (being mainly carbonic acid gas) is delivered to after germicidal treatment in the illumination bio-reactor in the compost retort; When luminous energy nutritional type microorganism dry substance concentration during, will swim in the microbial enrichment product output on illumination bio-reactor top greater than 1g/L.After the normal startup of illumination biological respinse, the gas (being mainly oxygen) that the illumination bio-reactor is produced feeds the utilization of compost retort internal recycle.
Claims (5)
1. the method for efficient a, cleanly disposing solid organic wastes, it may further comprise the steps:
A〉the organic solid waste is ground into particulate material, add auxiliary material, transferring carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20～40: 1, mixes the back and adds in the compost retort bubbling air, compost fermentation 8～16 days;
B〉luminous energy nutritional type microorganism is placed the illumination bio-reactor, add liquid medium, temperature is controlled at 20～40 ℃, places 36～72 hours;
C〉expellant gas is delivered to after germicidal treatment in the illumination bio-reactor in the compost retort; When luminous energy nutritional type microorganism dry substance concentration during, will swim in the microbial enrichment product output on illumination bio-reactor top greater than 1g/L.
2. the method for efficient, cleanly disposing solid organic wastes according to claim 1 is characterized in that the bubbling air amount with contained oxymeter, is controlled at every gram organic waste and feeds 1.0～4.0 gram oxygen.
3. the method for efficient, cleanly disposing solid organic wastes according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that being serially connected with biogas generator between said illumination bio-reactor and the compost retort; Said compost retort is by several tank bodies and be linked as one group, and feeds water respectively fermented product is carried out intermittent type flushing, washes 15～30 minutes at every turn, and the washing fluid that gives off is disposed in the biogas generator, reacts with anaerobic sludge; Behind each discharging washing fluid, 2～8 days at interval, wash again next time; Washing fluid is disposed in the biogas generator, reacts with anaerobic sludge.
4. the method for efficient, cleanly disposing solid organic wastes according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that said illumination bio-reactor, is one group by several reactors serial connections.
5. the method for efficient, cleanly disposing solid organic wastes according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that at b〉said luminous energy nutritional type microorganism is any one or its mixing microorganisms in algae or the cyanobacteria in the operation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008100800707A CN101747098B (en) | 2008-12-12 | 2008-12-12 | Method for efficiently and cleanly disposing solid organic wastes |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008100800707A CN101747098B (en) | 2008-12-12 | 2008-12-12 | Method for efficiently and cleanly disposing solid organic wastes |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104690067A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-10 | 福建农林大学 | Recycling utilization method for energy grass and livestock manures |
| CN108440033A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-08-24 | 东北农业大学 | CO2 and the method recycled in compost are absorbed using microalgae |
| CN113307706A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-27 | 上海为绿景观建设有限公司 | Composting method of agricultural solid waste, fertilizer product and application of fertilizer product |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1424288A (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2003-06-18 | 湖南大学 | Aerobic compost method for producing organic compost from urban organic solid wastes |
| CN1887453A (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2007-01-03 | 林春楼 | Kitchen leftover treating apparatus |
-
2008
- 2008-12-12 CN CN2008100800707A patent/CN101747098B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104690067A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-10 | 福建农林大学 | Recycling utilization method for energy grass and livestock manures |
| CN108440033A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-08-24 | 东北农业大学 | CO2 and the method recycled in compost are absorbed using microalgae |
| CN113307706A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-27 | 上海为绿景观建设有限公司 | Composting method of agricultural solid waste, fertilizer product and application of fertilizer product |
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| CN101747098B (en) | 2013-01-16 |
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