CN101745824A - Simple flexible positioning method for continuous external surface of workpiece - Google Patents
Simple flexible positioning method for continuous external surface of workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN101745824A CN101745824A CN 200910263582 CN200910263582A CN101745824A CN 101745824 A CN101745824 A CN 101745824A CN 200910263582 CN200910263582 CN 200910263582 CN 200910263582 A CN200910263582 A CN 200910263582A CN 101745824 A CN101745824 A CN 101745824A
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Abstract
The invention provides a simple flexible positioning method for a continuous external surface of a workpiece, which comprises the following steps: external surface elements-positioning points or lines are selected on the continuous positioning external surface of the workpiece, and the shape of the workpiece is determined and positioned discontinuously by the multiple points or multiple lines; positioning pins which are in point contact or line contact with the external surface of the workpiece are installed on the selected positioning points or lines, and shape positioning pins (7) are distributed along the shape of the workpiece; the positioning pins are positioned by tangent points or tangent lines which are in contact with the shape of the workpiece; the shape positioning pins (7) are installed in a step bushing (6); the shape positioning pins (7) are assembled at one end of the step bushing (6), and a target ball (8) of a laser tracking instrument is arranged at the other end of the step bushing (6); laser beams are received by the target ball (8); and the laser tracking instrument emits and receives the laser beams fedback by the target ball (8) and judges the space position of the positioning points by a computer. The method for flexibly positioning the shape of the workpiece provided by the invention has high manufacturing accuracy, small technology difficulty, high work efficiency and short manufacturing cycle.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to the simple flexible positioning method of continuous external surface of workpiece.
Background technology
The profile locator is to guarantee the requisite key of workpiece profile, typical component in the assembly tooling.Profile locator principal mode of the prior art is a clamp.The clamp external surface has analog quantity processing and manufacturing method (comprising loft template method and the mark worker method of moulding) and digital control processing method.
The loft template method is by accurately the draw profile loft of parts, sub-assembly of 1: 1 size, as the original foundation of parts profile in the size transmittance process.Adopt loft to process model with workpiece true profile.With model as processing or check the measurer of various technological equipments, measuring workpieces profile.The locator profile is repaiied setback according to the profile of being with on the model and is made, up to the model profile involutory consistent after, assemble by the benchmark groove on it again.The weak point of loft template method is:＜1〉accuracy of manufacture is low.Precision is the highest can only to be reached ± 0.1mm～± 0.2mm.Accumulated error and manual operation controlling unit many (can not quantize, judge by rule of thumb).＜2〉inefficiency, the manufacturing cycle is long, and the manual work amount is big.The manufacturing model cycle generally needs 2～5 days.＜3〉the keeping memory space is big, and loft and model need be placed in space spaciousness, the clean thermostatic chamber that cleans and preserve;＜4〉manufacturing cost height.Loft designs, the model fabrication is many, and the amount of getting the raw materials ready is many.＜6〉operation inconvenience.Be confined to assembling and positioning device on the special workbench.Model need be avoided the effect of greater impact power.
The mark worker method of moulding, mark worker (standard tooling) be guarantee between the production labor skill equipment, the size and dimension between workpiece component and the assembly is coordinated the important evidence of exchanging, and is equipped with more high accuracy than the production labor skill.Determine correct locus by the absolute altitude seat.Have continuous, large-scale workpiece profile on the mark worker.This point is different with model, and model is the profile that direction has only been taken 2mm thickness out of therein.Locator and exemplar region of interest profile are equidistantly put, and the between casting epoxy resin after epoxy resin solidifies, takes off from exemplar with locator.Take and exemplar corresponding profile on the solid epoxy resin this moment.The weak point of mark worker autofrettage is＜1〉accuracy of manufacture is low.The accuracy of manufacture is the highest can only to be reached ± 0.1mm～± 0.2mm.Exemplar process for making complexity, route are long, and accumulated error is many.＜2〉manufacturing cycle is long.Design and manufacturing exemplar need 2～3 months time.＜3〉keeping memory requirement height.For avoiding variations in temperature to cause the exemplar distortion, need in constant temperature, to deposit.＜4〉manufacturing cost height.The manufacturing cost of one cover exemplar is hundreds of thousands at least, and is up to a million at most.＜5〉inconvenient operation.Exemplar is relatively heavier, guarantee to lift by crane in the transportation not to be out of shape because of stressed variation produces, and does not collide key position in the transportation.＜6〉profile keeps being difficult for for a long time.Fragility is bigger behind the epoxy resin cure.In the production process, some collide with and can make the epoxy layer local shedding, and external surface is imperfect.
The digital control processing method is a kind of digital quantity transmission technology based on CAD and manufacturing.When positioning the device configuration design, directly from three-dimensional digital model intercepting workpiece shape data with computer.Send shape data to numerical control device.Numerical control device processes required profile by the programme-control of computer.The weak point of digital control processing method is＜1〉specification requirement realizes that difficulty is big.Need skilled professional programmer and numerical control operating worker.＜2〉cost is higher relatively.Process a common parts profile, need the per hour expense more than 100 yuan.＜3〉can not adapt to the workpiece profile variation.＜4〉manufacturing cycle is difficult for guaranteeing.Numerical control resource costliness is limited again, and the whole production preparatory period can't guarantee, delays the payment node of workpiece easily.
In sum, no matter be which kind of method, all be with continuous locating surface location workpiece profile.In whole aircraft development process, the frock quality is that the assurance aircraft is made the prerequisite of assembling smoothly.But the production preparatory period is very short.Each parts band profile of aircraft a lot.Position the position of profile positioning requirements being arranged, establishing with locator.To these locators, the existing method accuracy of manufacture is low, the cycle is long, cost is high, the incompatibility change of workpiece.The workpiece component little for physical dimension, that part is many, too much locator and locating surface have a strong impact on opening character, make troubles to workman's operation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the weak point at above-mentioned prior art existence, a kind of accuracy of manufacture height is provided, technical difficulty is little, high efficiency, and what the manufacturing cycle was short carries out flexible method of locating to the workpiece profile.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure: a kind of simple flexible positioning method of continuous external surface of workpiece comprises the steps:
(1) on continuous external surface of workpiece, choose the external surface element---anchor point or line;
(2) in above-mentioned selected location, to install and contact with workpiece profile millet cake or alignment pin (7) that line contacts, the profile of the definite workpiece by multiple spot or multi-thread interruption is located;
(3) (7) directions of alignment pin are provided with along workpiece profile tendency, in another direction, alignment pin are contacted with workpiece profile point of contact or tangent line; The workpiece alignment pin that profile curvature changes greatly should increase, and intensive relatively each other, alignment pin is located by the tangent line, the point of contact that contact with workpiece;
The above point all is the workpiece shape data that accurately intercepts in three-dimensional digital model with choosing of line.
(4) profile alignment pin (7) is mounted in the step lining (6), the one end assembling profile alignment pin of step lining (6), the other end is laid laser tracker object ball (8), the three dimensional space coordinate value of object ball (8) is obtained in three-dimensional digital model, and object ball (8) is in order to receive and the feedback laser bundle;
(5) laser tracker is placed on beyond the workpiece, sends the also laser beam of receiving target ball (8) feedback, reflects coordinate figure on connecting computer, judges the anchor point locus.
The present invention has following beneficial effect than prior art.
Reduced cost relatively.The present invention locatees workpiece for point, line profile element on the external surface continuously, change into the point or the line location of interruption, accurately intercept workpiece outline point, line data according to three-dimensional digital model, use the straight pin of the specification that varies in size to realize contacting or the line contact with the point of workpiece external surface.By multiple spot or the multi-thread location of determining the workpiece profile.Complicated element is converted to a plurality of simple elements, does not need consuming time, consumption power and consumption wealth the complex appearance face is designed and processes.Operation difficulty degree has reduced, and corresponding personnel cost, equipment cost, Energy Consumption Cost also decrease.And the change of profile locate mode allows the material use amount reduce.With digital control processing method contrast, be example with a small baffle locator, 830 yuan of escapable costs (830 yuan=material cost saving+processing cost saving+measurement expense+electricity charge=110 yuan+480 yuan+150 yuan+90 yuan).
Accuracy of manufacture height.From being designed into manufacturing, check, whole process all is the digital quantity transmission, has guaranteed accuracy of manufacture requirement.Profile locator structure, simple shape---profile alignment pin, step lining, plane, hole opening character are good, processing easily, part processing precision can be controlled at ± 0.02mm in.Laser tracker installation positioner precision is ± 0.05mm.
Technical difficulty is less demanding.The locator shape and structure is simple, traditional smart door frame, car, common process such as mills and just can realize required precision.Implement and be easy to.
Manipulating of laser tracker is simple, and the coordinate figure data are directly fed back by computer, easily, easy to operate.Guarantee the accuracy of manufacture by the digital quantity transmission, can utilize existing simple mature technology in the shortest time, low cost is finished the processing needs.Processing easily simultaneously, opening character is good.A kind of perfect as the digitizing solution kind, making has more multi-method to select for use and to optimize in design and the manufacture process.
High efficiency, the manufacturing cycle is short.Only need design, make the profile locator, do not have extra auxiliary mould and complicated program composition, saved the plenty of time.Manufacturing procedure is simple, and processing ease has improved operating efficiency.Process a profile alignment pin, this class common parts of step lining only needs 6 to 15 minutes.
Digitlization is installed, and has simplified operation, has saved mark worker's transportation, lifting, location, installation, line, centering, fixing or the like complex operations.A profile locator process-cycle only needs about 1.5 hours.A profile locator is in place and only needs about 15 minutes time,
Economize material.Owing to can debug installation flexibly at the change and the long-term error of being brought of using of workpiece shape data, so need not original profile locator to be cancelled or abandon local vicissitudinous external surface.Save material, man-hour, simplified technical process, shortened the time of reprocessing.With the contrast of digital control processing method, more than 160,000 yuan of escapable cost.Save cost=single locator cost savings amount * locator quantity * sortie=830 yuan * 20 * 10 sortie=166000 yuan.
Fast, accurately.Obtain coordinate figure from three-dimensional digital model, install with laser tracker, realized the digital quantity transmission, assembly precision can reach ± 0.05mm.Make the locus of profile alignment pin can be fast, accurately put in place.The installation coordinate figure of step lining has directly guaranteed the profile alignment pin.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the organigram of profile alignment pin used in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the embodiment schematic diagram according to the inventive method.
Fig. 3 is the side cutaway view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram according to the interests embodiment of the inventive method.
Fig. 5 is the side cutaway view of Fig. 4.
The specific embodiment
Further specify the present invention below by embodiment.In following examples, the flexible positioning method of the continuous location workpiece external surface that the present invention proposes is, locate continuously at workpiece and to choose the external surface element on the external surface---anchor point or line, point can be determined according to workpiece profile curvature situation of change with the number of line, by multiple spot or the multi-thread profile location of determining workpiece; Change locate external surface continuously as the point of interruption or line location into; Anchor point/line choose and setting is, on above-mentioned anchor point of choosing or line, lay to contact with workpiece profile millet cake or line contact alignment pin---the straight pin of the specification that varies in size, profile alignment pin (7) distributes along the workpiece profile.The above point all carries out in three-dimensional digital model with choosing of line, can be intuitively and be truncated to the workpiece shape data accurately.Among Fig. 2, Fig. 3, with two profile alignment pins (7) location workpiece profile, profile alignment pin (7) is to locate by the tangent line that contacts with workpiece.So for this type of whole curved surface, two lines are determined the location.Cross the location and reduce, the stress during assembling is concentrated and is reduced, particularly sheet metal component.
Profile alignment pin as shown in Figure 1 is mounted in the step lining (6).Profile alignment pin (7) is coaxial being assemblied on the step lining (6), is interference press-fit.The one end assembling profile alignment pin (7) of step lining (6), the other end is laid laser tracker object ball (8).Behind object ball (8) reception laser beam, judge with the coordinate figure that is reflected on computers whether this space of points position is correct.Adjust to the right place in the locus of object ball (8), the locus of profile alignment pin (7) is positive stop also.Correctly install for assurance profile alignment pin (7) locus, profile alignment pin (7) guarantees coaxial with laser tracker object ball (8) by step lining (6).Workpiece (3) profile is the band curvature, and such as single degree, hyperbolic degree, alignment pin position is provided with by the following method: profile curvature changes greatly, and alignment pin should increase, the relative each other comparatively dense of alignment pin position; Profile curvature changes little, and alignment pin quantity is the least possible, to each other apart from draw back as far as possible, to guarantee opening character.
Consult Fig. 4, Fig. 5.Fig. 4, Fig. 5 have described typical embodiment of the present invention.In Fig. 4, Fig. 5, workpiece (3) end profiles tendency changes greatly, uses profile alignment pin (7) location.The overall size of clamp (2) reduces, and the material use amount reduces.Profile alignment pin (7) is assemblied in an end of step lining (6), and laser tracker object ball (8) is placed in the other end of step lining (6).The three dimensional space coordinate value of object ball (8) installing hole can be obtained in three-dimensional digital model.A direction is provided with alignment pin (7) along workpiece (3) profile tendency, on another direction of workpiece (3), alignment pin (7) is contacted with the profile point of contact or the tangent line of workpiece (3), and alignment pin (7) is located by the tangent line that contacts with workpiece (3).Vary in size with workpiece (3) external surface curvature, tangent line length have change.Laser tracker receives laser beam by object ball (8), and the workpiece external surface element coordinate figure of selected site of reflection or line on connecting computer is judged the anchor point locus.
Said method of the present invention can also be realized the definite of workpiece anchor point or line by model or mark worker, and anchor point or line can be installed according to model/mark worker, can realize locating the workpiece external surface with discontinuous point or these simple elements of line equally.But implementing process process difference, precision is not high, can only be fit to less demanding workpiece and use.
Profile alignment pin (7) can be standard cylindrical or cone pin, rhombus pin among the present invention.
Consult Fig. 2, Fig. 3.In order to guarantee globality, and 3 principles of determining planes, the locator after simplification (5) is gone up design three holes.Wherein two is the step lining bottom outlets that guarantee profile alignment pin (7), and the 3rd hole is for determining laser tracker object ball (8) placed hole on plane.Step lining (6) is that after step lining (6) was pressed into, two profile alignment pins (7) relative position was determined in the bottom outlet of the locator (5) of interference press-fit after simplification.Object ball (8) placed side of the locator (5) after simplifying simultaneously can be located the web face of workpiece.The three dimensional space coordinate value of installing hole still can be obtained from three-dimensional digital model.After laser tracker is finished the debugging of profile locator locus, the locator (5) after simplifying is connected with corresponding joint face with the screw pin.Three installation bottom outlets on the locator after the simplification (5) are three holes on the ordinary flat face, adopt right boring processing just can realize instructions for use.Step lining (6) and profile alignment pin (7) simple shape, size is little, uses common routine processing just can realize.Whether the relative position in three holes is correct, and can laser tracker object ball (8) coordinate figure be realized putting in place when directly having influence on assembling, and hole and pitch-row precision need strict guarantee.When workpiece shape data and change in location, just can satisfy instructions for use by the change of limited several profile mounting points.
Claims (7)
1. the simple flexible positioning method of a continuous external surface of workpiece comprises the steps:
(1) on the workpiece external surface, chooses external surface element---anchor point or line;
(2) in above-mentioned selected location, to install and contact with workpiece profile millet cake or alignment pin that line contacts, the profile of the definite workpiece by multiple spot or multi-thread interruption is located;
(3) direction of alignment pin is provided with along workpiece profile tendency, in another direction, alignment pin is contacted with workpiece profile point of contact or tangent line, the workpiece alignment pin that profile curvature changes greatly should increase, intensive relatively each other, alignment pin is located by the tangent line, the point of contact that contact with workpiece; Reconnaissance of above institute and line all are the workpiece shape datas that accurately intercepts in three-dimensional digital model;
(4) profile alignment pin (7) is mounted in the step lining (6), the one end assembling profile alignment pin (7) of step lining (6), the other end is laid laser tracker object ball (8), the three dimensional space coordinate value of object ball (8) is obtained in three-dimensional digital model, and object ball (8) is in order to receive and the feedback laser bundle;
(5) laser tracker is placed on beyond the workpiece, sends the also laser beam of receiving target ball (8) feedback, reflects coordinate figure on connecting computer, judges the anchor point locus.
2. the simple flexible positioning method of continuous external surface of workpiece as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described alignment pin (7) and coaxial step lining (6) two ends that are assemblied in of laser tracker object ball (8).
3. the simple flexible positioning method of continuous external surface of workpiece as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, alignment pin (7) is to locate by the tangent line or the point of contact that contact with workpiece.
4. the simple flexible positioning method of continuous external surface of workpiece as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, usually locatees the workpiece external surface by discontinuous point or line unit.
5. the simple flexible positioning method of continuous external surface of workpiece as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, laser tracker receives and the feedback laser bundle by object ball (8), connecting the workpiece external surface element coordinate figure that reflects selected anchor point or line on the computer, judges the anchor point locus.
6. the simple flexible positioning method of continuous external surface of workpiece as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the locator after simplification (5) is gone up design three holes.Wherein two is the step lining bottom outlets that guarantee profile alignment pin (7), and the 3rd hole is for determining laser tracker object ball (8) placed hole on plane.
7. the simple flexible positioning method of continuous external surface of workpiece as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, when the profile of workpiece is located with clamp (2), in local form tendency variation place greatly, carries out local positioning with profile alignment pin (7).
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| CN 200910263582 CN101745824B (en) | 2009-12-25 | 2009-12-25 | Simple flexible positioning method for continuous external surface of workpiece |
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| CN 200910263582 CN101745824B (en) | 2009-12-25 | 2009-12-25 | Simple flexible positioning method for continuous external surface of workpiece |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102294606A (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2011-12-28 | 宁波久腾车灯电器有限公司 | Clamping tool for reducing clamping deformation |
| CN103128571A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-06-05 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Method for achieving location of peculiar part |
| CN104374333A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-02-25 | 天津天汽模飞悦航空装备技术有限公司 | Method for measuring large die profile through laser tracker |
| CN105526860A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-27 | 石家庄飞机工业有限责任公司 | Measuring shaft for installation of laser tracker |
| CN109176120A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-11 | 汽-大众汽车有限公司 | A kind of lifting auxiliary locator |
| CN112518618A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 广东鼎泰机器人科技有限公司 | Pressing and holding mechanism for milling cutter material rod |
| CN114485330A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-05-13 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Measuring tool and measuring method |
| CN115635267A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-01-24 | 陕西飞机工业有限责任公司 | Long-circular-hole skin lug positioner and method based on laser tracker installation |
Family Cites Families (2)
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| DE60042120D1 (en) * | 2000-12-13 | 2009-06-10 | Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse | Method for inserting jewels in a clockwork part, and device for carrying out this method |
| CN1483635A (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2004-03-24 | 上海飞机维修工程有限公司 | Zero-stress displacementless monitoring system in special main tenance of airplane and application method of CATIA digifax |
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- 2009-12-25 CN CN 200910263582 patent/CN101745824B/en active Active
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102294606A (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2011-12-28 | 宁波久腾车灯电器有限公司 | Clamping tool for reducing clamping deformation |
| CN103128571A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-06-05 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Method for achieving location of peculiar part |
| CN104374333A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-02-25 | 天津天汽模飞悦航空装备技术有限公司 | Method for measuring large die profile through laser tracker |
| CN105526860A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-27 | 石家庄飞机工业有限责任公司 | Measuring shaft for installation of laser tracker |
| CN109176120A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-11 | 汽-大众汽车有限公司 | A kind of lifting auxiliary locator |
| CN109176120B (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2024-03-26 | 一汽-大众汽车有限公司 | Hoisting auxiliary positioning device |
| CN114485330A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-05-13 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Measuring tool and measuring method |
| CN112518618A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 广东鼎泰机器人科技有限公司 | Pressing and holding mechanism for milling cutter material rod |
| CN115635267A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-01-24 | 陕西飞机工业有限责任公司 | Long-circular-hole skin lug positioner and method based on laser tracker installation |
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| CN101745824B (en) | 2012-12-19 |
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