CN101739051A - Dynamic resistance-capacitance compensating device for bipolar low-pressure difference linear voltage regulator - Google Patents
Dynamic resistance-capacitance compensating device for bipolar low-pressure difference linear voltage regulator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic resistance-capacitance compensating device for a bipolar low-pressure difference linear voltage regulator, which comprises a PNP power regulation pipe, a P channel junction field effect transistor (JFET) or a N channel JFET, a control circuit of the JFET and a variable RC compensating circuit network, wherein the PNP power regulation pipe is serially connected between the input of a power supply and the output of a voltage, an emitting electrode is connected with the power supply, a collector electrode is connected with the output, and a base electrode is connected with a regulating return circuit; the P channel junction field effect transistor (JFET) or the N channel JFET works in a adjustable resistance area and serves as a variable resistor; the JFET and a capacitor (Cp) are serially connected between an output end of an error amplifier stage and the base electrode of the PNP power regulation pipe; one end of the control circuit of the JFET is connected with the base electrode of the PNP power regulation pipe, while the other end is connected with the JFET; and the variable RC compensating circuit network is serially connected between LDO inner buffer amplifier stages. The compensating device of the invention can improve the fixed RC compensation, provide a dynamic RC zero point compensation, and ensure the stability of LDO in a full load large scale.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the linear power supply technical field, relate to a kind of stable compensation system of bipolar low-pressure difference linear voltage regulator.
Background technology
Low pressure difference linear voltage regulator (Low Dropout Voltage Linear Regulator) LDO circuit generally is made up of start-up circuit, reference voltage, feedback control circuit and error amplifier, power adjustment pipe and holding circuit etc., and its principle of work is to adjust output current by negative feedback output voltage is remained unchanged.In order to keep the stability of LDO, frequency compensation must be arranged.Common also is that traditional compensation method is an external big electric capacity, more than general 10 little (uF), increases a zero compensation.For adapting to the application requirements of the peripheral little electric capacity of LDO, low ESR, on conventional low difference linear constant voltage regulator LDO circuit design basis, improve internal circuit, increase the amplifier stage internal compensation, realize the zero compensation of LDO with RC negative feedback network circuit.But fix the zero point that the fixed RC corrective network produces, and the compensation range relative fixed generally is in 10 octave coverages of centre frequency.Illustrate: for load current ability 800 milliamperes of (mA), output voltages is the LDO of 1.8 volts (V), the general variation range of pull-up resistor requires from 2 ohm (Ω) to 300 kilohms (k Ω), then because the variation that pull-up resistor causes exporting limit also differs 100000 times, contradict with the limited range of fixed RC internal compensation, the frequency range of fixed RC internal compensation can only be taken into account pull-up resistor and change omnidistance sub-fraction, certainly will have compensation less than scope, be difficult to like this guarantee that LDO is stable on a large scale in full load.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to improve the fixed RC compensation, and dynamic RC zero compensation is provided, and guarantees that LDO is stable on a large scale in full load.
In order to solve above technical matters, the invention provides a kind of dynamic resistance-capacitance compensating device of bipolar low-pressure difference linear voltage regulator, it is characterized in that, comprise: a power is adjusted the PNP pipe, PNP power is adjusted pipe and is connected between power supply input and voltage output, emitter connects power supply, and collector connects output, and base stage connects adjusts the loop; P channel junction field-effect pipe or N channel junction field-effect pipe are operated in the adjustable resistance district, are used as variable resistor, and field effect technotron and capacitor C p series connection are adjusted between the base stage of PNP pipe at error amplifier stage output terminal and power; The control circuit of one group of technotron, control circuit one end are connected PNP power and adjust on the base stage of pipe, and an end connects technotron; One group of variable RC compensating circuit network that is connected between the LDO internal damping amplifier stage.
The design utilizes the voltage-controlled adjustable resistance characteristic of technotron, introduce an adjustable RC series compensation circuit network, produce one can be with load variations zero point of respective change, the limit of going compensating load to change to cause changes, and LDO is stablized on a large scale in full load.The bipolar LDO that the design is 1.8 volts (V) for load current ability 800 milliamperes of (mA), output voltages, adopt the compensation of technotron (JFET) variable RC can enlarge more than 100 times, can guarantee in the LDO full load on a large scale stable more than the frequency range of fixed RC compensation.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the dynamic resistance-capacitance collocation structure block diagram of low differential voltage linear voltage stabilizer circuit;
Fig. 2 is the dynamic RC compensating circuit of the PJFET of a bipolar low-pressure difference linear voltage regulator schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the dynamic RC compensating circuit of the NJFET of a bipolar low-pressure difference linear voltage regulator schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Low pressure difference linear voltage regulator (Low Dropout Voltage Linear Regulator) LDO circuit generally is made up of start-up circuit, reference voltage, feedback control circuit and error amplifier, power adjustment pipe and holding circuit etc., and its principle of work is to adjust output current by negative feedback output voltage is remained unchanged.
Bipolar LDO Circuits System shown in Figure 1 generally has 3 limits, and a limit is the decision of error amplifying circuit internal system; A limit is to be determined by power output tube; A limit is by the load decision, and changes with load variations.
The dynamic resistance-capacitance collocation structure block diagram of Fig. 1 low differential voltage linear voltage stabilizer circuit, the dotted line left side 1 is LDO inside, and the right 2 is LDO outsides, and principle of work is as follows:
The adjustment of PNP power is managed 10 collector outputs and is compared and enlarged to an end of error amplifier 8 and the reference voltage of the inner energy gap benchmark of circuit (Bandgap) 7 generations by dividing potential drop feedback resistance R2 sampling output voltage, error signal is through the base stage of buffering driving stage 4 to PNP power adjustment pipe, and the base current of adjusting pipe by control PNP power obtains stable output voltage.
Can see among Fig. 1 at inner amplifier stage increasing RC corrective network circuit 5, realize the zero compensation of LDO with RC negative feedback network circuit.But fix the zero point that the fixed RC network produces, and the compensation range relative fixed is limited.Therefore, the design's starting point is to utilize the voltage-controlled adjustable resistance characteristic of technotron (JFET), JFET as a variable resistor, by a series of control circuits the variation correspondence of output load is introduced into inside synchronously, regulate embodiment by equivalent resistance R, produce one can be with load variations zero point of respective change, the limit of going compensating load to change to cause changes, and LDO is stablized on a large scale in full load.
Fig. 2 is that the PJFET dynamic resistance-capacitance compensating circuit of bipolar low-pressure difference linear voltage regulator circuit is realized schematic diagram.
1 part is the internal circuit block diagram of bipolar substantially LDO, is made up of start-up circuit 6, inner Bandgap benchmark 7, error amplifier 8, buffering driving stage 4, power adjustment pipe 10, dividing potential drop feedback resistance 9 etc., and 2 parts are peripheral output capacitance Co and output load RL.Substantially internal circuit 1 and peripheral 2 output capacitance Co, the output load RL of bipolar LDO forms the standard application figure of bipolar LDO.Power adjustment pipe 10 is to be made of the PNP pipe, its output terminal compares and enlarges to an end of error amplifier 8 and the reference voltage of inner Bandgap benchmark 7 generations of circuit by dividing potential drop feedback resistive network sampling output voltage, error signal is adjusted the base stage of pipe to PNP power through buffering driving stage 4, by controlling the output voltage that PNP adjusts the base current adjustment LDO of pipe, finally obtain stable output voltage.
2 parts are peripheral output capacitance Co and output load RL.The output terminal of output capacitance Co one termination LDO circuit connects series connection dead resistance (ESR) under one end, and ESR other end ground connection; Output load RL is connected across between LDO output and the ground.
3 parts are control circuit parts of the technotron PJFET of equivalent variable resistance.It is made up of current source I2, PNP pipe T1, PNP power adjustment pipe and NPN pipe T4, T5 and resistance R 4, R7 etc.Current source I2 one termination power input, an end connect R7 to the collector of T4 and connect the grid of PJFET; PNP pipe T1 manages 10 cascodes with the power adjustment and is connected, and the base stage of T1 connects the source electrode of PJFET, and the collector of T1 connects collector and the base stage of NPN pipe T5; T4 and T5 and R4 form a scaled mirror current mirror, and the base stage of T4, T5 links to each other, and the emitter of T4 pipe is by resistance R 4 ground connection, the grounded emitter of T5 pipe.Control circuit part ultimate principle is that T1 is by specific proportionate relationship monitor power adjustment pipe 10, just corresponding monitoring load variations, grid voltage by a series of scaled mirror current mirror conversion and control technotron PJFET again, thus reach the effect that changes its resistance.
4 parts are buffer amplifiers, generally are designed to high bandwidth, and the little amplifier stage that gains is therefore less for whole LDO frequency response influence.It is made up of NPN pipe T2 and T3 etc.T2, T3 form cascade and amplify driving, and the base stage of T2 receives from the signal of error amplifier output, penetrates with the base stage to T3 by the emitter of T2 again, outputs to the base stage of power adjustment pipe 10 from the collector of T3.The collector of T2 connects power supply, and the base stage of T2 connects the output of error amplifier and links to each other with building-out capacitor Cp one end, and the emitter of T2 arrives ground by resistance R 5, and links to each other with the base stage of T3; To ground, the collector of T3 links to each other with the base stage of power adjustment pipe 10 with T1 the emitter of T3, and links to each other with the source electrode of PJFET by resistance R 3.
5 parts are RC compensated part, are composed in series by capacitor C p and PJFET, and the output of a termination error amplifier, another termination cushions the output of amplifying, and is equivalent to be connected across two ends of buffer amplifier 4.The output of the termination error amplifier of capacitor C p and the base stage of T2, the drain electrode of another termination PJFET, the source electrode of PJFET connects the base stage of power adjustment pipe 10 and T1 and connects the collector of T3.The characteristic of utilizing the channel resistance of PJFET to change with its bias voltage, equivalence is a variable resistor, when drain-source voltage one timing, under different gate voltages, its value can realize from tens kilohms to hundreds and thousands of kilohms variation, realizes variable dynamic RC compensation.
The RC compensation produces the frequency at zero point and ignores the influence of buffering driving stage, is determined by (1) formula:
And the frequency of load RL generation limit is determined by formula (2):
The frequency that peripheral output capacitance CoESR produces zero point is determined by formula (3):
Enough big or ESR is enough big when traditional external capacitor, just can work the zero point that formula (3) produces.But because at present, the LDO circuit is mainly used on the multimedia portable system equipment, the output capacitor of system requirements periphery is not only wanted miniaturization but also is used the chip ceramic capacitor device, and its ESR value generally has only the magnitude of 100m Ω, simultaneously the output capacitance value is also had the more and more littler trend of requirement.But the value of working as output capacitance is less than 10uF, cause zero point that above-mentioned dependence output capacitance inserts in system more than 500kHz, because the bandwidth of bipolar LDO circuit is usually less than 300KHz, so the external capacitor zero point compensation method lost efficacy, make the LDO circuit under less than the situation of 10uF level output capacitance, keep stable, can only in LDO, increase the RC compensation in the circuit again.But inner RC compensation is generally fixed, limited frequency range is worked, the limit variation that can not cause the wide variation of full bandwidth internal burden all compensates, so proposed to utilize JFET voltage controlled current device can change the characteristic of resistance, this paper has proposed the dynamic zero point compensation method that a kind of limit that can follow the tracks of load changes.When designing the RC parameter by a certain percentage, make the two frequency of zero point and limit close, can cancel out each other.This also is a key of the present invention.
6 parts are actuating sections of LDO, are made up of current source I1, PNP pipe T6～T8, NPN pipe T9～T12 and resistance R 6 etc.PNP pipe T6～T8 forms current mirror, and for voltage reference and error amplifier etc. provides bias current, NPN pipe T9～T12 and R5 form cascade automatic biasing reference circuit, for T6 provides reference current.Enable (Enable) control and produce current source I1, current source I1 makes T9～T12 and R5 form cascade from the reference circuit working stability.Connect Enable Pin on the current source I1, connect base stage and the collector of T9 down, T9 and T10 common base, the emitter of T9 connects the collector of T11 and the base stage of T12 respectively, the emitter of T10 connects the collector of T12 and the base stage of T11 respectively, the grounded emitter of T11, and the emitter connecting resistance R6 of T12 arrives ground then; The emitter of PNP pipe T6, T7, T8 connects power supply, and the base stage of T6 and collector short circuit are made the benchmark of PNP current mirror, and the collector of T7 connects the reference voltage part, and the collector of T8 connects the error amplifier part.
7 parts are reference voltage parts of LDO, and the accurate bandgap voltage reference that it can innerly produce zero temp shift supplies error amplifier with reference to comparing.
8 parts are error amplifier comparator parts of LDO, and it is that voltage and internal reference reference voltage from the sampling of LDO output terminal are compared, and by buffer amplifier error are amplified to feed back to power adjustment pipe 10, thereby make output voltage stabilization.
9 parts are sampling dividing potential drop feedback resistance parts of LDO, are composed in series by resistance R 1 and R2.One of R1 terminates at the LDO output terminal, and the other end connects R2 to ground, and the middle junction of R1, R2 feeds back to the input end of error amplifier.
Fig. 3 is that the NJFET dynamic resistance-capacitance compensating circuit of bipolar low-pressure difference linear voltage regulator circuit is realized schematic diagram.
The difference of Fig. 3 and Fig. 2 is that the technotron of equivalent variable resistance is NJFET, and control section 3 and RC compensated part 5 are slightly variant, and other parts roughly the same.
3 parts are control circuit parts of the technotron NJFET of equivalent variable resistance.It is made up of current source I2, PNP pipe T1, T13, T14, PNP power adjustment pipe 10 and NPN pipe T4, T5 and resistance R 4, R7 etc.Current source I2 one end ground connection, an end connects the grid of NJFET, and the collector of T13 connects behind the R7 and links the grid of NJFET; PNP pipe T13 and T14 form a scaled mirror current mirror, and their emitters connect power supply, and base stage links to each other, and T14 base stage and collector short circuit link to each other with the collector of T4; PNP pipe T1 manages 10 cascodes with the power adjustment and is connected, and the base stage of T1 connects the drain electrode of NJFET, and the collector of T1 connects collector and the base stage of NPN pipe T5; T4 and T5 and R4 form a scaled mirror current mirror, and the base stage of T4, T5 links to each other, and the emitter of T4 pipe is by resistance R 4 ground connection, the grounded emitter of T5 pipe.Control circuit part ultimate principle is that T1 is by specific proportionate relationship monitor power adjustment pipe 10, just corresponding monitoring load variations, grid voltage by a series of scaled mirror current mirror conversion and control technotron NJFET again, thus reach the effect that changes its resistance.
5 parts are RC compensating circuit network, are composed in series by capacitor C p and NJFET, and the output of a termination error amplifier, another termination cushions the output of amplifying, and is equivalent to be connected across two ends of buffer amplifier 4.The output of the termination error amplifier of capacitor C p and the base stage of T2, the source electrode of another termination NJFET, the drain electrode of NJFET connects the base stage of power adjustment pipe 10 and T1 and connects the collector of T3.The characteristic of utilizing the channel resistance of NJFET to change with change in voltage, equivalence is a variable resistor, when drain-source voltage one regularly, under different gate voltages, its value can realize from tens kilohms to hundreds and thousands of kilohms variation, realizes that variable dynamic RC compensates.
The present invention realizes following the internal dynamic zero compensation that the load limit changes; Can wait other compensation coexistence with the output capacitance compensation; Core of the present invention is to make technotron be operated in the adjustable resistance district by line design, makes adjustable resistance and uses.The present invention utilizes the characteristic of the voltage-controlled adjustable resistance of field effect technotron, and the channel resistance of field effect technotron changes can be by its grid voltage decision; The grid voltage control of field effect technotron can be followed the variation of LDO load output current synchronously, is to convert by a series of current mirrors, finally reaches the zero point of inner RC compensation and the limit of external loading generation and changes synchronously; The load variations monitoring is reflected in power and adjusts on the base current of PNP pipe; Dynamically zero point, RC compensating circuit structure was the expansion of fixed RC compensation notion.
Claims (3)
1. the dynamic resistance-capacitance compensating device of a bipolar low-pressure difference linear voltage regulator is characterized in that, comprising:
Power is adjusted the PNP pipe, and PNP power is adjusted pipe and is connected between power supply input and voltage output, and emitter connects power supply, and collector connects output, and base stage connects adjusts the loop;
P channel junction field-effect pipe or N channel junction field-effect pipe are operated in the adjustable resistance district, are used as variable resistor, and technotron and capacitor C p series connection are adjusted between the base stage of PNP pipe at error amplifier stage output terminal and power;
The control circuit of technotron, control circuit one end are connected PNP power and adjust on the base stage of pipe, and an end connects technotron;
Be connected on the variable RC compensating circuit network between the LDO internal damping amplifier stage.
2. the dynamic resistance-capacitance compensating device of bipolar low-pressure difference linear voltage regulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
The control circuit of described technotron is made up of current source I2, PNP pipe T1, PNP power adjustment pipe and NPN pipe T4, T5 and resistance R 4, R7 etc.;
Current source I2 one termination power input, an end connect R7 to the collector of T4 and connect the grid of JFET;
PNP pipe T1 is connected with power adjustment pipe cascode, and the base stage of T1 connects the source electrode of PJFET or the drain electrode of NJFET, and the collector of T1 connects collector and the base stage of NPN pipe T5;
T4 and T5 and R4 form a scaled mirror current mirror, and the base stage of T4, T5 links to each other, and the emitter of T4 pipe is by resistance R 4 ground connection, the grounded emitter of T5 pipe.
3. the dynamic resistance-capacitance compensating device of bipolar low-pressure difference linear voltage regulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described RC corrective network part is composed in series by capacitor C p and PJFET or NJFET, the output of a termination error amplifier, and the output that another termination buffering is amplified is equivalent to be connected across two ends of buffer amplifier;
The output of the termination error amplifier of capacitor C p and the base stage of T2, the drain electrode of another termination PJFET or the source electrode of NJFET, the source electrode of PJFET or the drain electrode of NJFET connect the base stage of power adjustment pipe 10 and T1 and connect the collector of T3.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102200791A (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2011-09-28 | 上海宏力半导体制造有限公司 | Low dropout linear regulator structure |
| CN102955489A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-03-06 | 上海磐腾机电科技有限公司 | Three-phase compensation type voltage stabilizer |
| CN108874013A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-23 | 南京微盟电子有限公司 | The insensitive zero temp shift current source circuit of a kind of pair of power supply |
| CN109738108A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-05-10 | 安徽天健环保车辆部件有限公司 | A kind of automobile-used resistance-type baroceptor and its working method |
| CN110492851A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-22 | 武汉大学 | A kind of linear power amplifier based on IGBT |
| CN112306130A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-02-02 | 意法半导体亚太私人有限公司 | Low Dropout (LDO) voltage regulator circuit |
| CN114384387A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-22 | 苏州联讯仪器有限公司 | Scalable precision source meter |
| CN114499130A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-05-13 | 深圳市思远半导体有限公司 | Self-adaptive constant-on-time step-down direct current converter |
| CN114924604A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-08-19 | 南方科技大学 | Voltage reference circuit, power supply and electronic equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102200791A (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2011-09-28 | 上海宏力半导体制造有限公司 | Low dropout linear regulator structure |
| CN102955489A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-03-06 | 上海磐腾机电科技有限公司 | Three-phase compensation type voltage stabilizer |
| CN102955489B (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2016-02-10 | 上海磐腾机电科技有限公司 | three-phase compensation type voltage stabilizer |
| CN108874013A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-23 | 南京微盟电子有限公司 | The insensitive zero temp shift current source circuit of a kind of pair of power supply |
| CN109738108A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-05-10 | 安徽天健环保车辆部件有限公司 | A kind of automobile-used resistance-type baroceptor and its working method |
| CN110492851A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-22 | 武汉大学 | A kind of linear power amplifier based on IGBT |
| CN110492851B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2022-11-15 | 武汉大学 | Linear power amplifier based on IGBT |
| CN112306130A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-02-02 | 意法半导体亚太私人有限公司 | Low Dropout (LDO) voltage regulator circuit |
| CN114384387A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-22 | 苏州联讯仪器有限公司 | Scalable precision source meter |
| CN114924604A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-08-19 | 南方科技大学 | Voltage reference circuit, power supply and electronic equipment |
| CN114499130A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-05-13 | 深圳市思远半导体有限公司 | Self-adaptive constant-on-time step-down direct current converter |
| CN114499130B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-07-22 | 深圳市思远半导体有限公司 | Self-adaptive constant-on-time step-down direct-current converter |
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Open date: 20100616 |