CN101735546B - High flame-retardant and high heat-resisting halogen-free expansion type fire-resistant cable material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High flame-retardant and high heat-resisting halogen-free expansion type fire-resistant cable material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101735546B CN101735546B CN200910244428XA CN200910244428A CN101735546B CN 101735546 B CN101735546 B CN 101735546B CN 200910244428X A CN200910244428X A CN 200910244428XA CN 200910244428 A CN200910244428 A CN 200910244428A CN 101735546 B CN101735546 B CN 101735546B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high flame-retardant and high heat-resisting halogen-free expansion type fire-resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof. In order to solve the problem that the cable material is separated out when encountering water during processing and improve the mechanical property, the cable material adopts a polyolefin material as a matrix and also adopts an expansion-type flame retardant. The cable material comprises the following components in part by weight: 100 parts of matrix resin, 60 to 80 parts of flame retardant, 2 parts of lubricant and 1 part of antioxidant, wherein the matrix resin comprises SEBS, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-propylene-butylene terpolymer, polypropylene, high-density polyethylene and ethylene-octylene copolymer; and the flame retardant comprises ammonium polyphosphate II type, pentaerythritol and melamine. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: uniformly mixing the components on a double-roll open mill at the roll temperature of 190+/-5DEG C for 30+/-5minutes; and then tabletting, cold-pressing and demoulding on a flat vulcanizing press at the temperature of 190+/-5DEG C. The cable material has the advantages of high flame retardant property, tensile strength reaching to 12 to 16MPa and the ratio of breaking elongation reaching to 400 to 500 percent; and at the same time, the problem that the material is separated out when encountering the water is improved.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of is the flame-proof cable sheath material and the Insulation Material of matrix resin with the polyolefine, refers more particularly to a kind of prescription of non-halogen flame-retardant cable.
Background technology:
Development along with the electric wire technology, high-performance, environmental protection, fire-retardant is the direction of wire cable material development, European Union is after RoHS instruction and WEEE instruction, released the EuP instruction again, i.e. " the ecological design instruction of energy-consuming product ", this instruction is the 3rd road environmental protection instruction at electric equipment products, according to instruction, the concrete detailed rules for the implementation of related products released one after another in 2007 to 2010, it is halogen-containing in some interior objectionable impurities that the EuP command request enters the electric wire product forbidding in European Union market, this just requires the green manufacturing of electric wire enterprise to pick up from starting material, especially the electric wire sizing material.Development and Production meets the non-halogen flame-retardant cable of EuP instruction, will be to the industry restructuring and the technical progress of China's wires and cables industry, and the technology barriers of the reply EuP of European Union instruction have profound significance.
At present, people adopt inorganic combustion inhibitor Mg (OH) usually
2And Al (OH)
3Add to jointly with fire retarding synergist red phosphorus and to prepare non-halogen flame-retardant cable in the matrix.But because red phosphorus easily produces the phosphine gas of severe toxicity, and red phosphorus dust explosive, for this reason, red phosphorus must could use safely and effectively through surface treatment.In addition, the inherent red-purple of red phosphorus own has limited the application of the CABLE MATERIALS that contains red phosphorus greatly.And the fire-resistant cable material that contains red phosphorus all can to emit the irritating smell and the amount of being fuming during in process of production with burning in large quantities very big.Therefore it is imperative to prepare the white cable material that does not contain red phosphorus.
Expansion type flame retardant is a kind of BACN, has advantages such as nontoxic, environmental friendliness, the amount of being fuming are low, is one of most promising approach that realizes preparation high-performance halogen-free flame retardant macromolecular material.The prescription and the complete processing of the higher fireproofing cable material without halide of a kind of temperature resistant grade are disclosed in " high flame retardant high-temperature resistant low-smoke halogen-free cable sheath material and complete processing thereof " (number of patent application 200510036319.0)." environment-friendly cable of halogen-free expanded flame-retardant CABLE MATERIALS and preparation thereof " (number of patent application 200710028621.0) discloses the environment protection, rat termite proof cable of a kind of halogen-free expanded flame-retardant CABLE MATERIALS and production method and preparation.But the requirement that it can't satisfy high performance cable in some aspects, mainly have following 2 deficiencies: (1) expansion type flame retardant has its fatal shortcoming, and easily the moisture absorption is met elutriation and is gone out seriously.Meet water man-hour and be clamminess adding, apparent bad.And the problem that the chance elutriation goes out is not easy to solve very much; (2) expansion type flame retardant joins mechanical property, the especially tensile strength that reduces material in the CABLE MATERIALS greatly, is difficult to surpass 12MPa usually.Therefore improve this technical problem and be trend institute to.
Summary of the invention:
For fear of the deficiencies in the prior art, improve CABLE MATERIALS and meet the problem that elutriation goes out man-hour adding, improve the mechanical property of material simultaneously, the present invention adopts polyolefine material as matrix, adopt the fire retardant of novel expansion type flame retardant simultaneously, thereby the preparation method of a kind of high flame retardant high heat-resistant halogen-free flame-retardant cable jacket material and Insulation Material is provided as matrix.
The matrix resin of a kind of high flame retardant high-temperature resistant of the present invention halogen-free expansion type flame-proof CABLE MATERIALS is the blend of SEBS, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene-propylene-butene terpolymers, polypropylene (PP), ethylene-octene copolymer (POE), high density polyethylene(HDPE) (HDPE), maleic anhydride graft SEBS and the imido several resins of polypropylene, adopt such compounding matrix, can improve mechanical property, flame retardant properties and the resistance toheat of CABLE MATERIALS biglyyer.
The fire retardant that the present invention adopts is the halogen-free expansion fire retardant of modification, and it is that (APP, its molecular formula is (NH to ammonium polyphosphate II type
4PO
3) n), (PER, its molecular formula is C (CH to tetramethylolmethane
2OH)
4), (MEL, its molecular formula is C to trimeric cyanamide
3H
6N
6) in a kind of or by the mixture of these several synthetic fire retardants.The structural formula of these three kinds of fire retardants is as follows.
The ammonium polyphosphate tetramethylolmethane
Trimeric cyanamide
The structural formula of ammonium polyphosphate, tetramethylolmethane, three kinds of fire retardants of trimeric cyanamide
The oxidation inhibitor that the present invention adopts is with four [β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester (antioxidant 1010) is primary antioxidant, three (2, the 4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) phosphorous acid ester (oxidation inhibitor 168) is an auxiliary anti-oxidant, and the weight ratio of primary antioxidant and auxiliary anti-oxidant is 3: 1.
The lubricant that the present invention adopts is a kind of or at least two kinds the mixture in stearic acid, Zinic stearas, the amine hydroxybenzene.
The composition parts by weight of halogen-free expansible CABLE MATERIALS of the present invention are as follows:
A) matrix resin 100
Wherein: SEBS 20～50
Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 15～20
Ethylene-propylene-butene terpolymers 15～20
Polypropylene 15～20
High density polyethylene(HDPE) 0～5
Ethylene-octene copolymer 0～5
Maleic anhydride graft SEBS 2.5～5
Polyacrylamide imines 2.5～5
B) fire retardant 60～80
Wherein: ammonium polyphosphate II type 30～60
Tetramethylolmethane 10～15
Trimeric cyanamide 10～15
C) lubricant 2
D) antioxidant 1010 0.75
Oxidation inhibitor 168 0.25
In order to solve the compatible ability between expansion type flame retardant and the resin matrix, reach the purpose that improves composite material combination property, the expansion type flame retardant that is adopted among the present invention belongs to the expansion type flame retardant through the surface-modifying agent modification.Properties-correcting agent comprises: stearic acid tensio-active agent, titanate coupling agent, silane coupling agent surface-modifying agent etc., consumption between expansion type flame retardant weight 0.5%～3.0% between.The method of surface modification is divided into wet-process modified and dry method modification, wet processing process is applicable to water-soluble modified dose, in being 78 ℃ water, temperature adds 0.5%～3.0% properties-correcting agent (with respect to the weight of expansion type flame retardant), after treating that properties-correcting agent dissolves fully, add expansion type flame retardant again, fully stir, filter then, washing with the filter cake oven dry, obtains modified expanded type fire retardant through pulverizing again.Dry process technology is applicable to water-fast properties-correcting agent, and stirrer is warming up to 70 ℃, again expansion type flame retardant is put in the stirrer with 0.5%～3.0% properties-correcting agent (with respect to the weight of expansion type flame retardant), and after the stirring, discharging.The two all can accomplish the end in view.
The ammonium polyphosphate that the present invention adopts is the ammonium polyphosphate of II type, and its degree of crystallinity is than higher, and greater than 1000, the solubleness in water is little, meets the problem that elutriation goes out with regard to can greatly improve CABLE MATERIALS in the course of processing like this.
The purpose that the present invention adds maleic anhydride graft SEBS is in order to improve the compatibility problem between expansion type flame retardant and the polymeric matrix and to improve the problem that CABLE MATERIALS chance elutriation goes out in the course of processing.The consistency of this compatilizer one end and polymkeric substance SEBS is good, and an other end combines with expansion type flame retardant firmly, so just can improve the mechanical property of CABLE MATERIALS and the chance elutriation of expansion type flame retardant and go wrong.
It is in order to improve the mechanical property of CABLE MATERIALS that the present invention adds the imido purpose of polypropylene, this material one end and the polyacrylic consistency of polymkeric substance are very good, in an other end and the expansion type flame retardant-the NH2 group closely links to each other, make interface between polymkeric substance and the fire retardant in conjunction with enhancing, thereby improved the mechanical property of material.
The present invention meets the problem that elutriation goes out in order to characterize expansion type flame retardant, has also adopted following method to judge.Mainly be to be positioned in 90 ℃ the water, see its solubleness size in water,, it is dried in baking oven if the dissolved words have the white powder material in water by the CABLE MATERIALS sample that will contain expansion type flame retardant.Show that by infrared analysis the white powder material that is dissolved in the water is an expansion type flame retardant, can draw the solubleness of expansion type flame retardant in water by calculating in addition.
The invention provides a kind of high flame-retardant and high heat-resisting halogen-free expansion type fire-resistant cable material, adopt expansion type flame retardant fire retardant polyolefin polymkeric substance, make high performance non-halogen flame-retardant cable.The CABLE MATERIALS that is obtained has comparison excellent flame-retardant and heat resistance.Vertical combustion 1.6mm experiment can reach the FV-0 grade, and oxygen index reaches 30～35%, and the single electronics line of 0.6mm can be tested by VW-1, and temperature resistant grade reaches 105 ℃.Tensile strength can reach 12～16MPa, and elongation at break reaches 400～500%.Chance water is not separated out, and can produce versicolor cable product with colour batch adapted together, and the processing characteristics excellence, is mainly used in the production of charger for mobile phone line, electronics line, supply lead, grid line and USB line.
Produce this kind fire-resistant cable material and can utilize existing device of plastic processing, operational path is simple, good operation.Operational path is: at first in two roller mills that material is mixing even, the roller temperature is 190 ± 5 ℃, and mixing time is 30 ± 5min.Compressing tablet on 190 ± 5 ℃ vulcanizing press is colded pressing depanning then.In order to guarantee the comparability of each performance perameter in the examples of implementation, the unified sample that thickness is 2mm, the mechanical property of pressing GB GB/T 1040-92 test compound material made.The horizontal vertical combustion testing is tested according to GB GB/T 2408-1996, and oxygen index is surveyed and tested according to GB GB 2406-93.
The present invention is owing to selected SEBS and PP as main base material, and expansion type flame retardant is as the fire retardant of base material, and therefore the CABLE MATERIALS of preparation has higher flame retardant properties, can pass through UL 94FV-0 level estimate, and can be by the test of VW-1 vertical combustion.In addition by adding maleic anhydride graft SEBS and these two kinds of polymkeric substance of polyacrylamide imines, make the consistency between polymkeric substance and the expansion type flame retardant improve greatly, and the expansion type flame retardant that adopts is the fire retardant through surface modification, this just makes the mechanical property of material that great raising be arranged, tensile strength can reach 12～16MPa, elongation at break reaches 400～500%, the problem that while material chance elutriation goes out also is improved, visual inspection is less than separating out phenomenon, and measures by quantitative separation method and to find that the solubleness of expansion type flame retardant in 90 ℃ of water has only original 1%.Moreover because polyacrylic melt viscosity is relatively low, so the non-halogen flame-retardant cable rheological property of the present invention's preparation is better, goods have outward appearance preferably.The mechanical property of non-halogen flame-retardant cable of the present invention, flame retardant properties, resistance toheat are all apparently higher than the index request of non-halogen flame-retardant cable industry standard, and density is less, can be used as flame retardant cable, protecting sleeve of optical cable or Insulation Material and use.
Embodiment
With embodiment the inventive method is done further concrete detailed explanation below.
Embodiment 1
Adopt the SEBS of 20 parts of weight, 20 parts ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-propylene-butene terpolymers of 20 parts, 20 parts polypropylene, 5 parts high density polyethylene(HDPE), 5 parts ethylene-octene copolymer, 5 parts maleic anhydride graft SEBS, 5 parts polyacrylamide imines, 30 parts ammonium polyphosphate, 15 parts tetramethylolmethane, 15 parts trimeric cyanamide, 0.75 part antioxidant 1010,0.25 part the lubricant stearic acid of 168,2 parts in oxidation inhibitor.Wherein fire retardant is that properties-correcting agent weight is 1% of expansibility flame-proof agent weight through the expansion type flame retardant of silane coupling agent KH570 modification, adopts dry process technology to carry out modification.Concrete technology is as follows: at first mixing fusion in two roller mills with matrix resin and oxidation inhibitor, and melting temperature is 190 ℃, the expansion type flame retardant with modification is filled in the fused matrix resin then.Mixing time is 30 minutes, slice from two roller mills then, and compacting obtaining the CABLE MATERIALS of white on vulcanizing press.Mechanical property by GB GB/T 1040-92 test compound material.The horizontal vertical combustion testing is tested according to GB GB/T 2408-1996, and oxygen index is surveyed and tested according to GB GB 2406-93.
According to foregoing prescription and technology, the non-halogen flame-retardant cable that we embodiment obtains: hardness is Shao A90 degree, and density is 1.18g/cm
3, tensile strength and elongation at break are respectively 15.7MPa and 460%, and horizontal vertical burning grade is respectively FH-1, FV-0 grade, and the test result of oxygen index is 32%.0.6mm single electronics line can be tested by VW-1, the temperature resistant grade of product is 105 ℃.Product chance water does not have separates out.
Embodiment 2
Adopt the SEBS of 20 parts of weight, 20 parts ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-propylene-butene terpolymers of 20 parts, 20 parts polypropylene, 5 parts high density polyethylene(HDPE), 5 parts ethylene-octene copolymer, 5 parts maleic anhydride graft SEBS, 5 parts polyacrylamide imines, 60 parts ammonium polyphosphate, 10 parts tetramethylolmethane, 10 parts trimeric cyanamide, 0.75 part antioxidant 1010,0.25 part the lubricant stearic acid zinc of 168,2 parts in oxidation inhibitor.Wherein fire retardant is that properties-correcting agent weight is 0.5% of expansibility flame-proof agent weight through the expansion type flame retardant of silane coupling agent KH550 modification, adopts wet processing process to carry out modification.Concrete technology is as follows: at first mixing fusion in two roller mills with matrix resin and oxidation inhibitor, and melting temperature is 195 ℃, the expansion type flame retardant with modification is filled in the fused matrix resin then.Mixing time is 35 minutes, slice from two roller mills then, and compacting obtaining the CABLE MATERIALS of white on vulcanizing press.Mechanical property by GB GB/T 1040-92 test compound material.The horizontal vertical combustion testing is tested according to GB GB/T 2408-1996, and oxygen index is surveyed and tested according to GB GB 2406-93.
According to foregoing prescription and technology, the non-halogen flame-retardant cable that we embodiment obtains: hardness is Shao A95 degree, and density is 1.21g/cm
3, tensile strength and elongation at break are respectively 13.2MPa and 510%, and horizontal vertical burning grade is respectively FH-1, FV-0 grade, and the test result of oxygen index is 34%.0.6mm single electronics line can be tested by VW-1, the temperature resistant grade of product is 105 ℃.Product chance water does not have separates out.
Embodiment 3
Adopt the SEBS of 50 parts of weight, 15 parts ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-propylene-butene terpolymers of 15 parts, 15 parts polypropylene, 2.5 parts maleic anhydride graft SEBS, 2.5 parts polyacrylamide imines, 30 parts ammonium polyphosphate, 15 parts tetramethylolmethane, 15 parts trimeric cyanamide, 0.75 part antioxidant 1010,0.25 part the lubricant oleic acid acid amides of 168,2 parts in oxidation inhibitor.Wherein fire retardant is that properties-correcting agent weight is 2.5% of expansibility flame-proof agent weight through the expansion type flame retardant of silane coupling agent KH560 modification, adopts dry process technology to carry out modification.Concrete technology is as follows: at first mixing fusion in two roller mills with matrix resin and oxidation inhibitor, and melting temperature is 185 ℃, the expansion type flame retardant with modification is filled in the fused matrix resin then.Mixing time is 25 minutes, slice from two roller mills then, and compacting obtaining the CABLE MATERIALS of white on vulcanizing press.Mechanical property by GB GB/T 1040-92 test compound material.The horizontal vertical combustion testing is tested according to GB GB/T 2408-1996, and oxygen index is surveyed and tested according to GB GB 2406-93.
According to foregoing prescription and technology, the non-halogen flame-retardant cable that we embodiment obtains: hardness is Shao A80 degree, and density is 1.18g/cm
3, tensile strength and elongation at break are respectively 12.8MPa and 540%, and horizontal vertical burning grade is respectively FH-1, FV-0 grade, and the test result of oxygen index is 31%.0.6mm single electronics line can be tested by VW-1, the temperature resistant grade of product is 105 ℃.Product chance water does not have separates out.
Embodiment 4
Adopt the SEBS of 50 parts of weight, 15 parts ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-propylene-butene terpolymers of 15 parts, 15 parts polypropylene, 2.5 parts maleic anhydride graft SEBS, 2.5 parts polyacrylamide imines, 60 parts ammonium polyphosphate, 10 parts tetramethylolmethane, 10 parts trimeric cyanamide, 0.75 part antioxidant 1010,0.25 part the lubricant stearic acid zinc of 168,2 parts in oxidation inhibitor.Wherein fire retardant is that properties-correcting agent weight is 3% of expansibility flame-proof agent weight through the expansion type flame retardant of silane coupling agent KH560 modification, adopts dry process technology to carry out modification.Concrete technology is as follows: at first mixing fusion in two roller mills with matrix resin and oxidation inhibitor, and melting temperature is 190 ℃, the expansion type flame retardant with modification is filled in the fused matrix resin then.Mixing time is 35 minutes, slice from two roller mills then, and compacting obtaining the CABLE MATERIALS of white on vulcanizing press.Mechanical property by GB GB/T 1040-92 test compound material.The horizontal vertical combustion testing is tested according to GB GB/T 2408-1996, and oxygen index is surveyed and tested according to GB GB 2406-93.
According to foregoing prescription and technology, the non-halogen flame-retardant cable that we embodiment obtains: hardness is Shao A80 degree, and density is 1.20g/cm
3, tensile strength and elongation at break are respectively 12.3MPa and 512%, and horizontal vertical burning grade is respectively FH-1, FV-0 grade, and the test result of oxygen index is 35%.0.6mm single electronics line can be tested by VW-1, the temperature resistant grade of product is 105 ℃.Product chance water does not have separates out.
Embodiment 5
Adopt the SEBS of 36 parts of weight, 18 parts ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-propylene-butene terpolymers of 18 parts, 18 parts polypropylene, 2 parts high density polyethylene(HDPE), 2 parts ethylene-octene copolymer, 3 parts maleic anhydride graft SEBS, 3 parts polyacrylamide imines, 50 parts ammonium polyphosphate, 12 parts tetramethylolmethane, 12 parts trimeric cyanamide, 0.75 part antioxidant 1010,0.25 part the lubricant stearic acid of 168,2 parts in oxidation inhibitor.Wherein fire retardant is that properties-correcting agent weight is 2% of expansibility flame-proof agent weight through the expansion type flame retardant of silane coupling agent KH550 modification, adopts wet processing process to carry out modification.Concrete technology is as follows: at first mixing fusion in two roller mills with matrix resin and oxidation inhibitor, and melting temperature is 185 ℃, the expansion type flame retardant with modification is filled in the fused matrix resin then.Mixing time is 25 minutes, slice from two roller mills then, and compacting obtaining the CABLE MATERIALS of white on vulcanizing press.Mechanical property by GB GB/T 1040-92 test compound material.The horizontal vertical combustion testing is tested according to GB GB/T 2408-1996, and oxygen index is surveyed and tested according to GB GB 2406-93.
According to foregoing prescription and technology, the non-halogen flame-retardant cable that we embodiment obtains: hardness is Shao A87 degree, and density is 1.21g/cm
3, tensile strength and elongation at break are respectively 14.3MPa and 505%, and horizontal vertical burning grade is respectively FH-1, FV-0 grade, and the test result of oxygen index is 33%.0.6mm single electronics line can be tested by VW-1, the temperature resistant grade of product is 105 ℃.Product chance water does not have separates out.
Claims (2)
1. a high flame-retardant and high heat-resisting halogen-free expansion type fire-resistant cable material is characterized in that,
The moiety parts by weight of this CABLE MATERIALS are as follows:
Described lubricant is a kind of or at least two kinds the mixture in stearic acid, Zinic stearas, the amine hydroxybenzene;
Described fire retardant belongs to the expansion type flame retardant through the surface-modifying agent modification; Properties-correcting agent is stearic acid tensio-active agent, titanate coupling agent or silane coupling agent surface-modifying agent, consumption between expansion type flame retardant weight 0.5%～3.0% between; The method of surface modification is divided into wet-process modified and dry method modification, wet processing process is applicable to water-soluble modified dose, in temperature is the properties-correcting agent that adds in 78 ℃ the water with respect to the weight 0.5%～3.0% of expansion type flame retardant, after treating that properties-correcting agent dissolves fully, add expansion type flame retardant again, fully stir, filter then, washing with the filter cake oven dry, obtains modified expanded type fire retardant through pulverizing again; Dry process technology is applicable to water-fast properties-correcting agent, and stirrer is warming up to 70 ℃, again expansion type flame retardant is put in the stirrer with the properties-correcting agent with respect to the weight 0.5%～3.0% of expansion type flame retardant, and after the stirring, discharging.
2. the preparation method of high flame-retardant and high heat-resisting halogen-free expansion type fire-resistant cable material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in two roller mills that above-mentioned each moiety is mixing evenly, the roller temperature is 190 ± 5 ℃, mixing time is 30 ± 5min, compressing tablet on 190 ± 5 ℃ vulcanizing press then, cold pressing depanning.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910244428XA CN101735546B (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2009-12-30 | High flame-retardant and high heat-resisting halogen-free expansion type fire-resistant cable material and preparation method thereof |
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