CN101732364A - Method for identifying lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance finger-print - Google Patents

Method for identifying lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance finger-print Download PDF

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CN101732364A
CN101732364A CN200910154774A CN200910154774A CN101732364A CN 101732364 A CN101732364 A CN 101732364A CN 200910154774 A CN200910154774 A CN 200910154774A CN 200910154774 A CN200910154774 A CN 200910154774A CN 101732364 A CN101732364 A CN 101732364A
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CN101732364B (en
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何晋浙
邵平
孙培龙
蒉霄芸
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for identifying lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance finger-print, comprising the following steps: adopting 5-10 batches of dried lucid ganoderma fruit body fragments from known standard variety samples produced in different places; taking the same mass of crude medicine in each batch for producing test article solution; and carrying out high performance liquid chromatography analysis on the test article solution; taking common absorption peaks of the high performance liquid chromatography as characteristic chromatographic peaks; choosing chromatographic peaks with uniformization peak area exceeding 1% as fingerprint peaks; obtaining standard lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance finger-print; taking the sample to be tested: dried lucid ganoderma fruit body fragments, obtaining high performance liquid chromatography of the sample to be tested: the lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance by the same method. The high performance liquid chromatography of the sample to be tested: the lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance has characteristic peaks found in the standard finger-print of the lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance, the sample to be tested is a standard variety. With the method of the invention adopted, different lucid ganoderma varieties can be identified.

Description

A kind of method for identifying lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance finger-print
Technical field
The invention belongs to edible mushroom and Chinese medicine raw material alkaloids substance quality analyzing technique and identify the field, be specifically related to construction method and the analysis and identification method of a kind of efficient liquid-phase chromatograph finger print atlas of the biological active component alkaloids substance in the glossy ganoderma.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma (Ganoderma Lucidum) is described as the miraculous cure that the mankind promote longevity since ancient times, nourishes the celestial grass of beneficial gas. In China's this agrostology of First monograph Shennong's Herbal, just think that it has the beneficial motive, pacifies smart soul, the effect of tonifying liver benefit gas, hard muscles and bones. Li Shizhen (1518-1593 A.D.) in Compendium of Material Medica also the food therapy health effect to glossy ganoderma done high evaluation: " red sesame has another name called red sesame, and smell is bitter flat, and is nontoxic. Cure mainly in the heart knot, the beneficial motive, bowl spares increases wisdom, does not forget. Food of a specified duration is made light of one's life by commiting suicide not old, and the angle prolongs life ". In recent decades, scientist is by various researchs, and prove from many aspects: glossy ganoderma has very the disease-relieving and physique enhancing of " spirit ", the health-care effect of strengthening the body resistance to consolidate the constitution. Especially biological immune and traditional treatment tumour had peculiar effect.
A large amount of chemistry and pharmacology analysis show in recent years: glossy ganoderma specifically have antitumor, alleviate pain that cancer or other diseases cause, strengthen immunity, delay senility, the multiple effects such as protecting liver and detoxication, treatment hypertension, hypoglycemic, antitussive and antiasthmatic, radioresistance and antiallergy. Especially at anti-tumor aspect, many famous medical research mechanisms reach a conclusion after deliberation both at home and abroad: glossy ganoderma has very significant curative effect to kinds of tumors diseases such as cancer of the stomach, lung cancer, malignant lymphoma, liver cancer, breast cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, intestinal cancer, cancer of the esophagus, leukaemia. Why glossy ganoderma has so significant medical health effect, in the active material wherein, lucid ganoderma alkaloids (such as Diterpenes, triterpenes, fast quinoline alkali, unknown alkali etc.) is a kind of important basic effective component in the glossy ganoderma, and its effect mainly comprises: protect the liver; Antitumor; Hypoglycemic; Anti-HIV-1 and HIV-1 proteinase activity; Suppress histamine release; Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition; Suppress the effects such as cholesterol biosynthesis. Therefore, lucid ganoderma alkaloids has important medicines and health protection and is worth, and glossy ganoderma has been developed to the plurality kinds of health care product by different processing modes at present, and lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance is a kind of product wherein.
Present domestic glossy ganoderma kind has a lot, such as red sesame, black sesame, purple sesame, Han Zhi, Bai Zhi etc., wherein in the majority with red sesame kind, because cultivation of glossy ganoderma is different with difference, planting type, the kind in weather conditions, zone, the biological active component alkaloids substance has certain difference in the glossy ganoderma, how to differentiate biological active component alkaloids substance contained in the glossy ganoderma, the quality of glossy ganoderma is differentiated and scientific evaluation has the meaning of value lever. At present, to different glossy ganoderma kinds, with the kind zones of different, with the discriminating of the biological active component alkaloids substance of the different cultural methods of kind and the evaluation method that a science is not also set up in quality evaluation, there is not the method report of related fields yet.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to set up the analysis and identification method of glossy ganoderma raw material alkaloids substance, preliminary qualitative, quantitative attributional analysis to glossy ganoderma alkaloid processing quality control, the discriminating of the raw material true and false and alkaloids substance provides a kind of effective method, thereby the material quality of glossy ganoderma is carried out the evaluation of science.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of method for identifying lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance finger-print, described method may further comprise the steps:
(a) producing of standard finger-print: 5~10 batches, the every batch crude drug amount of getting equal in quality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of getting the different known standard variety sample drying in the place of production is carried out respectively following test: the alcohol reflux that adds 25~35 times of quality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of known sample drying extracts, obtain the known sample extract after removing by filter filter residue, the known sample extract is through the decompression distillation desolventizing, get known sample alkaloid medicinal extract liquid, add methanol constant volume and get known sample solution, controlling in the described known sample solution crude drug amount content is/100 milliliters of 2~7 grams, known sample solution is through the organic membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m, get the known sample need testing solution, get the known sample need testing solution and carry out efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, obtain known sample lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram; The condition of described high performance liquid chromatography is: the chromatographic column take octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as filler, carry out gradient elution take own nitrile, 1vol% aqueous acetic acid as mobile phase, and the detection wavelength is 254nm; Get that the total absworption peak of high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram is Characteristic chromatographic peak in each batch, select among the figure normalization peak area greater than 1% Characteristic chromatographic peak as fingerprint peaks, obtain the standard finger-print of lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance;
(b) the testing sample high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram is produced: the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of getting the testing sample drying, the alcohol reflux that adds 25~35 times of quality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of testing sample drying extracts, obtain the testing sample extract after removing by filter filter residue, the testing sample extract is through the decompression distillation desolventizing, get testing sample alkaloid medicinal extract liquid, add methanol constant volume and get testing sample solution, it is identical to control in the described testing sample solution in the crude drug amount content and step (a) the crude drug amount content of known sample solution, testing sample solution is through the organic membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m, get the testing sample need testing solution, get the testing sample need testing solution and carry out efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, the condition of described high performance liquid chromatography is: the chromatographic column take octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as filler, carry out gradient elution take own nitrile, 1vol% aqueous acetic acid as mobile phase, the detection wavelength is 254nm, obtains testing sample lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram;
Characteristic chromatographic peak contrast in the standard finger-print of the lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance that the testing sample lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram that (c) step (b) is obtained and step (a) obtain, testing sample lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram has feature chromatogram cutting edges of a knife or a sword all in the standard finger-print of lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance, and then testing sample is standard variety.
Comparatively concrete, in the producing of described step (a) standard finger-print, the operation that every batch of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of getting the known standard variety sample drying of equal in quality crude drug amount makes known sample lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram may further comprise the steps:
(1) takes by weighing the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of known sample drying, add 95wt% ethanol, the mass ratio of the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of described 95wt% ethanol and known sample drying is 25~35: 1, preferred 33: 1, under little reflux state that boils, extracted 1~2 hour, remove by filter filter residue after, get the known sample extract;
(2) the known sample extract is through the decompression distillation desolventizing, get known sample alkaloid medicinal extract liquid, add methanol constant volume and get known sample solution, controlling in the described known sample solution crude drug amount content is/100 milliliters of 2~7 grams, known sample solution gets the known sample need testing solution through the organic membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m;
(3) the known sample need testing solution carries out efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, get known sample lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram, described chromatographic condition is: the chromatographic column take octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as filler, carry out gradient elution take own nitrile, 1vol% aqueous acetic acid as mobile phase, flow rate of mobile phase is 1mL/min, the detection wavelength is 254nm, sample size 10 μ L, be 40min analysis time, the gradient elution program is: 0~8min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 10vol% and the acetonitrile of 90vol%; 8~10min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 15vol% and the acetonitrile of 85vol%; 10~15min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 30vol% and the acetonitrile of 70vol%; 15~20min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 40vol% and the acetonitrile of 60vol%; 20~30min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 45vol% and the acetonitrile of 55vol%; 30~40min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 50vol% and the acetonitrile of 50vol%.
Comparatively concrete, the operation that the testing sample high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram is produced in the described step (b) may further comprise the steps:
(1) takes by weighing the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of testing sample drying, add 95wt% ethanol, the mass ratio of the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of described 95wt% ethanol and testing sample drying is 25~35: 1, preferred 33: 1, under little reflux state that boils, extracted 1~2 hour, remove by filter filter residue after, get the testing sample extract;
(2) the testing sample extract is through the decompression distillation desolventizing, get testing sample alkaloid medicinal extract liquid, add methanol constant volume and get testing sample solution, it is identical to control in the described testing sample solution in the crude drug amount content and step (a) the crude drug amount content of known sample solution, testing sample solution gets the testing sample need testing solution through the organic membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m;
(3) the testing sample need testing solution carries out efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, get high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram, described chromatographic condition is: the chromatographic column take octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as filler, carry out gradient elution take own nitrile, 1vol% aqueous acetic acid as mobile phase, flow rate of mobile phase is 1mL/min, and the detection wavelength is 254nm, sample size 10 μ L, be 40min analysis time, and the gradient elution program is: 0~8min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 10vol% and the acetonitrile of 90vol%; 8~10min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 15vol% and the acetonitrile of 85vol%; 10~15min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 30vol% and the acetonitrile of 70vol%; 15~20min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 40vol% and the acetonitrile of 60vol%; 20~30min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 45vol% and the acetonitrile of 55vol%; 30~40min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 50vol% and the acetonitrile of 50vol%.
The ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of known sample drying of the present invention be with known sample ganoderma lucidum fruitbody section, dry, be crushed to 40~80 orders and obtain.
The ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of testing sample drying of the present invention be with testing sample ganoderma lucidum fruitbody section, dry, be crushed to 40~80 orders and obtain.
Of the present invention under little reflux state that boils, extracted 1~2 hour, remove by filter filter residue after, get the known sample extract, be preferably under little reflux state that boils, extracted 1 hour, remove by filter filter residue after, get the known sample extract; More preferably: adopting Microwave-assisted Extraction to follow the example of, is under the microwave condition of 800W at power, and microwave auxiliary reflux extracts 17min, remove by filter filter residue after, get the known sample extract.
Of the present invention under little reflux state that boils, extracted 1~2 hour, remove by filter filter residue after, get the testing sample extract, be preferably under little reflux state that boils, extracted 1 hour, remove by filter filter residue after, get the testing sample extract; More preferably: adopting Microwave-assisted Extraction to follow the example of, is under the microwave condition of 800W at power, and microwave auxiliary reflux extracts 17min, remove by filter filter residue after, get the testing sample extract.
The present invention can be to different glossy ganoderma kinds, with the different places of production of kind, carry out discriminatory analysis with the biological active component alkaloids substance of kind different planting, can be with reference to collection of illustrative plates by the alkaloid chromatogram of setting a certain lucidum variety, coupling and calculated by peak area by similarity evaluation, automatically calculate the similarity that has peak composition and sample in the red ganoderma sample of different producing regions, calculated value with reference to size and the similarity of peak area, carry out data analysis and can more scientifically differentiate the contained alkaloidal quality situation of different producing regions red ganoderma, thereby differentiate that tentatively which kind of different classes of kind has more similitude and otherness, the quality of contained alkaloids is better.
The present invention preferably carries out pre-treatment with the microwave auxiliary reflux extraction method, optimized the alkaloid extracting method, adopt the C18 post, carry out take own nitrile, 1vol% aqueous acetic acid as mobile phase the binary gradient elution fingerprint map analyzing of alkaloids substance in the glossy ganoderma is differentiated have quick, easy, stable, directly perceived, favorable reproducibility, with strong points, alkaloid composes that the peak number order is many, the advantage of good separating effect and easy operating. Use the inventive method to different glossy ganoderma kinds, with the different places of production of kind, ideal with the identification result of the biological active component alkaloids substance of kind different planting, the quality of the biological active component alkaloids substance of glossy ganoderma is differentiated the scientific basis that has proposed first preliminary qualitative, quantitative.
Figure of description
The finger-print of alkaloids substance in 1 No. a kind red ganodermas of accompanying drawing sample
The alkaloids substance chromatographic peak contrast of 29 kinds of different producing regions of accompanying drawing red ganoderma sample refers to collection of illustrative plates, the total absworption peak of getting these 9 kinds of high-efficient liquid phase chromatograms is Characteristic chromatographic peak, select among the figure normalization peak area greater than 1% Characteristic chromatographic peak as fingerprint peaks, obtain the standard finger-print of red ganoderma alkaloids substance.
35 kinds of red sesames of different genera of accompanying drawing, Han Zhi, purple sesame, black sesame, the contrast of Wild ganoderma alkaloids substance chromatographic peak refer to that collection of illustrative plates, the red sesame of red expression, Korea Spro represent Han Zhi, the purple sesame of purple expression, the black sesame of black expression, wild expression Wild ganoderma.
The specific embodiment:
The below further specifies the present invention with specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1 sets up the finger-print of alkaloids substance in the glossy ganoderma
1. pulverising step: with No. a kind red ganoderma sample entity section, dry, be crushed to about 40 orders, get the glossy ganoderma dry product.
2. extraction step: take by weighing 5g glossy ganoderma dry product, add 95wt% ethanol at 1: 33 with solid-liquid ratio, under little reflux state that boils, adopt 800W power, microwave refluxing extraction 17min, remove by filter filter residue after, get extract.
3. extract gets alkaloid medicinal extract liquid through the decompression distillation desolventizing, adds methanol constant volume to 100mL, gets sample solution, and red ganoderma dry product content is/100 milliliters of 5 grams in the sample solution: sample solution gets need testing solution through the organic membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m;
4. need testing solution carries out efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, gets high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram. Chromatographic condition is: the Waters1525 high performance liquid chromatograph, and binary pump, UV-detector, Bress software, octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica are the chromatographic column C of filler18(model: Symmetry250 * 4.6mm I.D.5 μ m, U.S. Waters company produces), carry out gradient elution take own nitrile, water (containing 1% acetic acid v/v) as mobile phase, flow rate of mobile phase is 1mL/min, the detection wavelength is 254nm, sample size 10 μ L, and be 40 minutes analysis time, the gradient elution program is: 0~8min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 10vol% and the acetonitrile of 90vol%; 8~10min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 15vol% and the acetonitrile of 85vol%; 10~15min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 30vol% and the acetonitrile of 70vol%; 15~20min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 40vol% and the acetonitrile of 60vol%; 20~30min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 45vol% and the acetonitrile of 55v ol%; 30~40min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 50vol% and the acetonitrile of 50vol%.
5. fingerprint map construction: in high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram, select the normalization peak area greater than 1% chromatographic peak as fingerprint peaks, finally selected 38 fingerprint peakses (accounting for more than 90% of total peak area) to analyze collection of illustrative plates as the unimodal alkaloids of glossy ganoderma, see Fig. 1, be fingerprint peaks among the figure shown in the bullet. But have so the alkaloidal kind of glossy ganoderma in the qualitative discrimination red ganoderma sample, simultaneously according to the normalized area computing method, roughly differentiate accordingly and go out peak retention time section, which kind of alkaloid is higher.
The preliminary qualitative, quantitative of embodiment 2 different producing regions red ganoderma alkaloids is discriminatory analysis relatively
Gather 9 kinds of different producing regions red ganoderma samples and carry out the alkaloids analysis, experiment condition and method of operating are with embodiment 1, obtain 9 kinds of red ganoderma sample alkaloids and analyze collection of illustrative plates, then adopt similarity evaluation, choose a kind of producing region red ganoderma sample as reference spectrum peak (R), and carry out the method for chromatographic peak Supplements, the chromatographic peak of 8 samples mated and automatically generate contrast refer to collection of illustrative plates, see accompanying drawing 2, coupling and calculated by peak area by similarity evaluation, automatically calculate in the red ganoderma sample of different producing regions that total peak forms and the similarity of sample, see Table respectively 1, table 2.
Logarithmic data is analyzed in table 1 chromatographic peak peak area and total peak match
Retention time   S1   S2   S3   S4   S5   S6   S7   S8   R Total peak number
  1.492   0   469.427   0   0   203.16   0   257.59   217.35   143.44   4
  2.158   259.08   229.414   206.24   228.47   0   0   0   0   115.40   4
  2.333   201.45   332.056   0   0   0   0   0   224.21   94.716   3
  2.664   1576.5   2298.32   0   1882.2   1056.3   926.53   1530.7   1086.3   1294.6   7
  3.537   1052.3   865.414   260.47   631.50   268.89   218.51   438.23   311.83   505.90   8
  3.750   292.33   342.329   380.33   365.44   271.29   319.38   204.65   387.19   320.37   8
  12.639   248.16   200.184   0   0   222.18   0   0   0   83.817   3
  12.979   443.71   229.103   207.50   281.01   277.57   323.54   357.94   340.33   307.59   8
  14.292   229.89   0   0   0   233.11   0   230.23   204.45   112.21   4
  16.29   455.87   0   214.41   0   0   238.14   224.23   226.07   169.84   5
  16.717   454.61   0   0   0   318.90   0   214.28   0   123.47   3
  17.461   357.81   202.328   325.69   0   0   317.27   221.19   367.69   224.00   6
  17.828   561.75   245.117   392.43   243.89   0   388.3   262.60   430.23   315.54   7
  18.158   542.31   241.559   541.21   313.94   205.68   639.38   489.51   642.99   452.07   8
  19.2   328.47   251.271   272.29   0   398.67   247.59   0   296.24   224.31   6
  19.386   569.96   212.4   276.72   0   0   204.98   257.51   294.50   227.01   6
  19.902   1299.1   790.102   1360.3   558.44   510.30   1368.7   652.80   1456.8   999.60   8
  20.156   784.99   391.413   713.78   323.32   366.75   692.95   526.62   794.47   574.28   8
Retention time   S1   S2   S3   S4   S5   S6   S7   S8   R Total peak number
  20.513   0   273.604   220.21   0   349.19   237.25   202.39   240.45   162.86   5
  20.767   713.02   345.269   694.81   286.20   0   440.49   274.63   493.03   405.93   7
  20.945   330.86   220.211   276.75   0   211.94   261.02   282.13   312.76   236.96   7
  21.193   460.36   438.747   812.60   213.17   0   757.63   399.18   399.18   502.82   7
  21.725   0   0   0   281.22   0   410.55   362.09   2034.0   385.98   4
  21.805   548.94   342.893   0   0   0   1172.3   0   0   258.02   3
  21.864   978.85   786.401   1611.2   328.31   520.39   0   628.33   0   606.68   6
  22.571   202.39   0   0   0   249.58   0   209.33   204.57   108.23   4
  22.933   258.10   0   204.16   0   0   214.48   0   0   84.594   3
  23.916   253.83   307.435   228.67   0   590.15   0   0   275.26   206.92   5
  24.238   469.04   407.614   671.56   0   203.71   569.73   244.59   760.22   415.81   7
  24.847   523.59   457.65   563.65   0   283.83   479.07   219.82   640.13   395.97   7
  25.33   320.14   0   323.08   0   248.33   221.79   241.58   303.52   207.30   6
  25.669   217.50   293.771   207.22   0   621.66   356.39   310.96   282.77   286.28   7
  27.166   388.86   303.588   295.68   0   280.62   271.10   0   370.27   238.76   6
  19293.   12530。   12615。   6172.   8537.   11277.   9462.1   14617.   113813
Annotate: Sx is the glossy ganoderma sample type
Table 2 chromatographic peak similarity value calculation
  S1   S2   S3   S4   S5   S6   S7   S8   R
  S1   1   0.812   0.765   0.745   0.698   0.841   0.831   0.721   0.934
  S2   0.812   1   0.505   0.897   0.774   0.884   0.883   0.677   0.916
  S3   0.765   0.505   1   0.364   0.495   0.579   0.654   0.565   0.731
  S4   0.745   0.897   0.364   1   0.665   0.874   0.859   0.598   0.847
  S5   0.698   0.774   0.495   0.665   1   0.804   0.649   0.551   0.792
  S6   0.841   0.884   0.579   0.874   0.804   1   0.888   0.739   0.941
  S7   0.831   0.883   0.654   0.859   0.649   0.888   1   0.797   0.944
  S8   0.721   0.677   0.565   0.598   0.551   0.739   0.797   1   0.83
  R   0.934   0.916   0.731   0.847   0.792   0.941   0.944   0.83   1
By above-mentioned table 1 data analysis, calculate greater than 1% by the normalization peak area, 8 kinds of different producing regions red ganoderma samples, maximum fingerprint of alkaloid peak numbers can reach 42 kinds, minimum only is 14 kinds, can be easy to like this differentiate the otherness of the alkaloidal kind of the different contained glossy ganodermas of producing region red ganoderma sample.
In addition, can also distinguish easily the total Fingerprints peak number of lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance, 3.537,3.750,12.979,18.158,19.902,20.156min in above-mentioned 8 glossy ganoderma samples, the total Fingerprints peak number of alkaloid is 6, respectively in retention time:. Calculate by the normalized area integration method, also can differentiate easily, in same retention time section, or to the common characteristic peak, its retention time section, the peak area relative comparison peak-to-peak size of each sample can be differentiated the size of each sample alkaloid, the integral and calculating of total peak area that also can be by each sample and the total peak area of reference substance are differentiated the size of each sample alkaloid.
In addition, by above-mentioned table 2 data analysis, chromatographic peak similarity by each sample is calculated, S1 as can be known, S2, S6, S7 glossy ganoderma sample has more similitude, and its similarity reaches more than 0.916, and the otherness of S3 is maximum, to the raw material quality control of glossy ganoderma sample, the true and false is differentiated the evaluation with scientific meaning like this.
Embodiment 3 adopts different genera glossy ganoderma sample to carry out the alkaloids qualitative analysis
Gather 5 kinds of red sesames of different genera, Han Zhi, purple sesame, black sesame, the Wild ganoderma sample respectively carries out the alkaloids analysis, sampling amount, experiment condition and method of operating are with embodiment 1, obtain 5 kinds of glossy ganoderma sample alkaloids and analyze collection of illustrative plates, then adopt similarity evaluation, choose the red ganoderma sample as reference spectrum peak, and carry out the method for chromatographic peak Supplements, the chromatographic peak of 5 samples mated and automatically generate contrast refer to collection of illustrative plates, see accompanying drawing 3, by coupling and the calculated by peak area of similarity evaluation, Wild ganoderma, black sesame, the more red sesame of Han Zhijun and purple sesame have higher alkaloids substance content. The lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance otherness of different genera is larger, and red sesame, Han Zhi and Hei Zhi are slightly similar, and similarity only reaches about 0.806. Only have the standard finger-print of red sesame finger-print and red ganoderma alkaloids substance to fit like a glove.
Can carry out soon the qualitative discrimination to the height of the alkaloids substance content in the glossy ganoderma of different genera like this.

Claims (9)

1. method for identifying lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance finger-print is characterized in that described method may further comprise the steps:
(a) producing of standard finger-print: 5~10 batches, the every batch crude drug amount of getting equal in quality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of getting the different known standard variety sample drying in the place of production is carried out respectively following test: the alcohol reflux that adds 25~35 times of quality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of known sample drying extracts, obtain the known sample extract after removing by filter filter residue, the known sample extract is through the decompression distillation desolventizing, get known sample alkaloid medicinal extract liquid, add methanol constant volume and get known sample solution, controlling in the described known sample solution crude drug amount content is/100 milliliters of 2~7 grams, known sample solution is through the organic membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m, get the known sample need testing solution, get the known sample need testing solution and carry out efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, obtain known sample lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram; The condition of described high performance liquid chromatography is: the chromatographic column take octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as filler, carry out gradient elution take own nitrile, 1vol% aqueous acetic acid as mobile phase, and the detection wavelength is 254nm; Get that the total absworption peak of high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram is Characteristic chromatographic peak in each batch, select among the figure normalization peak area greater than 1% Characteristic chromatographic peak as fingerprint peaks, obtain the standard finger-print of lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance;
(b) the testing sample high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram is produced: the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of getting the testing sample drying, the alcohol reflux that adds 25~35 times of quality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of testing sample drying extracts, obtain the testing sample extract after removing by filter filter residue, the testing sample extract is through the decompression distillation desolventizing, get testing sample alkaloid medicinal extract liquid, add methanol constant volume and get testing sample solution, it is identical to control in the described testing sample solution in the crude drug amount content and step (a) the crude drug amount content of known sample solution, testing sample solution is through the organic membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m, get the testing sample need testing solution, get the testing sample need testing solution and carry out efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, the condition of described high performance liquid chromatography is: the chromatographic column take octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as filler, carry out gradient elution take own nitrile, 1vol% aqueous acetic acid as mobile phase, the detection wavelength is 254nm, obtains testing sample lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram;
Characteristic chromatographic peak contrast in the standard finger-print of the lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance that the testing sample lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram that (c) step (b) is obtained and step (a) obtain, testing sample lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram has feature chromatogram cutting edges of a knife or a sword all in the standard finger-print of lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance, and then testing sample is standard variety.
2. method for identifying lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance finger-print as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in the producing of described method step (a) standard finger-print that the operation that every batch of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of getting the known standard variety sample drying of equal in quality crude drug amount makes known sample lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram may further comprise the steps:
(1) takes by weighing the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of known sample drying, add 95wt% ethanol, the mass ratio of the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of described 95wt% ethanol and known sample drying is 25~35: 1, under little reflux state that boils, extracted 1~2 hour, after removing by filter filter residue, get the known sample extract;
(2) the known sample extract is through the decompression distillation desolventizing, get known sample alkaloid medicinal extract liquid, add methanol constant volume and get known sample solution, controlling in the described known sample solution crude drug amount content is/100 milliliters of 2~7 grams, known sample solution gets the known sample need testing solution through the organic membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m;
(3) the known sample need testing solution carries out efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, get known sample lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram, described chromatographic condition is: the chromatographic column take octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as filler, carry out gradient elution take own nitrile, 1vol% aqueous acetic acid as mobile phase, flow rate of mobile phase is 1mL/min, the detection wavelength is 254nm, sample size 10 μ L, be 40min analysis time, the gradient elution program is: 0~8min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 10vol% and the acetonitrile of 90vol%; 8~10min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 15vol% and the acetonitrile of 85vol%; 10~15min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 30vol% and the acetonitrile of 70vol%; 15~20min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 40vol% and the acetonitrile of 60vol%; 20~30min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 45vol% and the acetonitrile of 55vol%; 30~40min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 50vol% and the acetonitrile of 50vol%.
3. method for identifying lucid ganoderma alkaloids substance finger-print as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the operation that the testing sample high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram is produced in the described method step (b) may further comprise the steps:
(1) takes by weighing the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of testing sample drying, add 95wt% ethanol, the mass ratio of the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of described 95wt% ethanol and testing sample drying is 25~35: 1, under little reflux state that boils, extracted 1~2 hour, after removing by filter filter residue, get the testing sample extract;
(2) the testing sample extract is through the decompression distillation desolventizing, get testing sample alkaloid medicinal extract liquid, add methanol constant volume and get testing sample solution, it is identical to control in the described testing sample solution in the crude drug amount content and step (a) the crude drug amount content of known sample solution, testing sample solution gets the testing sample need testing solution through the organic membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m;
(3) the testing sample need testing solution carries out efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, get high-efficient liquid phase chromatogram, described chromatographic condition is: the chromatographic column take octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as filler, carry out gradient elution take own nitrile, 1vol% aqueous acetic acid as mobile phase, flow rate of mobile phase is 1mL/min, and the detection wavelength is 254nm, sample size 10 μ L, be 40min analysis time, and the gradient elution program is: 0~8min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 10vol% and the acetonitrile of 90vol%; 8~10min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 15vol% and the acetonitrile of 85vol%; 10~15min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 30vol% and the acetonitrile of 70vol%; 15~20min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 40vol% and the acetonitrile of 60vol%; 20~30min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 45vol% and the acetonitrile of 55vol%; 30~40min, the 1vol% aqueous acetic acid of 50vol% and the acetonitrile of 50vol%.
4. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that in the described step (1) described being extracted as: under little reflux state that boils, extracted 1 hour, remove by filter filter residue after, get the known sample extract.
5. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that in the described step (1) described being extracted as: under little reflux state that boils, extracted 1 hour, remove by filter filter residue after, get the testing sample extract.
6. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that in the described step (1) described being extracted as: power is under the microwave condition of 800W, microwave refluxing extraction 17min, remove by filter filter residue after, get the known sample extract.
7. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that in the described step (1) described being extracted as: power is under the microwave condition of 800W, microwave refluxing extraction 17min, remove by filter filter residue after, get the testing sample extract.
8. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that in the described step (1), the mass ratio of the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of described 95wt% ethanol and known sample drying is 33: 1.
9. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that in the described step (1), the mass ratio of the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody fragment of described 95wt% ethanol and testing sample drying is 33: 1.
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CN107782822A (en) * 2017-10-18 2018-03-09 中国农业科学院特产研究所 The assay method of ganoderic acid content in a kind of ganoderma lucidum

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CN101435801A (en) * 2007-11-13 2009-05-20 南京中科集团股份有限公司 Fingerprint pattern identifying method of ganoderma lucidum spore oil

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CN102735772B (en) * 2012-07-02 2014-05-28 福建省药品检验所 Quality controlling method of ganoderma aqueous extract

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