CN101732361B - Method and apparatus for extracting effective components of plants by ultrasonic cooperating with electrostatic field - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for extracting effective components of plants by ultrasonic cooperating with electrostatic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN101732361B CN101732361B CN2009102142294A CN200910214229A CN101732361B CN 101732361 B CN101732361 B CN 101732361B CN 2009102142294 A CN2009102142294 A CN 2009102142294A CN 200910214229 A CN200910214229 A CN 200910214229A CN 101732361 B CN101732361 B CN 101732361B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and an apparatus for extracting effective components of plants by ultrasonic cooperating with an electrostatic field. The apparatus for extracting effective components of plants by ultrasonic cooperating with an electrostatic field comprises an extraction tank, and is characterized in that is the extraction tank is a rinse tank type cylindrical sound reactor in which a central electrode is arranged, the anode and the cathode of a static generator are electrically connected with the central electrode through a control switch, and the grounded terminal of the static generator is electrically connected with the side wall of the extraction tank. The invention has the advantages of realizing extraction of polar components and nonpolar components, having high extraction rate, short period of extraction and low extraction temperature, avoiding using an entrainer or reducing the amount, and reducing the pollution of the residual of the extractive.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the effective ingredients in plant extractive technique, relate in particular to the method and the device thereof of extracting effective components of plants by ultrasonic cooperating with electrostatic field.
Background technology
The traditional method that effective ingredients in plant extracts mainly contains: decocting cooking method, solvent extraction method and steam distillation etc., its advantage is that technology is simple, easy and simple to handle, but existing extraction time long, problems, particularly organic solvent extraction method such as extraction ratio is low, energy consumption height also exists inflammable and explosive danger and extract to have shortcomings such as dissolvent residual.Peculiar cavitation effect when ultrasound wave is propagated in liquid medium adds multipole effects such as mechanical vibration that ultrasonic propagation produces, microjet, little acoustic streaming, can destroy the crude drug cell wall, and active substance is extracted from medical material easily; Compare with traditional method, have extraction ratio height, extraction time short, extract advantage such as low and energy-conserving and environment-protective of temperature.But in the domestic existing ultrasonic extraction device, power level is restricted by the quantity of ultrasonic probe, is difficult to reach ideal extraction effect.In order to address these problems, people invest several technologies to sight and intercouple technical in recent years, for example extract with the microwave coupling ultrasonic, can reach the reduction temperature, purposes such as shortening time and raising extraction ratio, but because the depth of microwave penetration is limited, simultaneously, because non-polar solven does not absorb microwave energy, make this method restricted application.Hydrone is a kind of strong polar molecule, its positive and negative electrfic centre does not overlap, and has electric dipole moment of molecule, by the influence of applying direct current electric field to water-bound, make the arrangement of hydrone more orderly, the static water technology has become one of state-of-the-art technology in the modern industry field.
The existing patent No. discloses a kind of method that adopts high-voltage pulse electric field technology to produce Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis extrat for the patent of invention of " 200910067123.6 ", but what this patent adopted is high-voltage pulse electric field, do not have polarization, pulse width in addition, dutycycle is non-adjustable, high-voltage pulse electric field belongs to alternating current, can't have Danger Electric shock risk to the earthing of casing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for extracting effective components of plants by ultrasonic cooperating with electrostatic field; Because the existence of electrostatic field, solution is produced little interference, the major diameter bubble increases in the solution, increases cavitation effect, on the other hand, the electrostatic field cavitation bubble produces distortion, along field intensity direction tensile elongation, make cavitation bubble become oval, make to be in that a part changes into transient cavitation in the stable cavitation nuclear, increased cavitation effect sonochemistry yield, this method can be to polarity and nonpolarity element rapid extraction.
Another object of the present invention provides the device of realizing said method.
The method of extracting effective components of plants by ultrasonic cooperating with electrostatic field of the present invention is characterized in that the combined effect of supersonic synergic electrostatic field carries out extracts active ingredients in plant and separate.
Further, described method comprises the steps:
A. material sieves by 10～120 purposes through remove impurity after drying, pulverizing;
B. with the supersonic synergic electrostatic field material is carried out extraction separation and go out effective ingredient.
Further, among the step b, extracting temperature is 30～100 ℃, and extraction time is 0.5～5 hour, and the model of action of electrostatic field is for being interrupted or continuously, can changing direction by gauge tap.Further, among the step b, extracting temperature is 30～60 ℃.
Further, the voltage of electrostatic field is-50kV～50kV, and supersonic frequency is 16kHz～100kHz, and the sound intensity is 0.2～2000W/cm
2
Further, the material inventory is the capacity that 50 ~ 200g material/L extracts still.
Supersonic synergic electric field of the present invention extracts the effective ingredients in plant device, comprise extraction pot, it is characterized in that extraction pot is a cleaning groove type cylinder sound reactor, its feature also is included in contre electrode is set in the extraction pot, the positive voltage output end of electrostatic generator, negative voltage outfan link to each other with the normally closed point of the movable contact of gauge tap, the normal battle of movable contact respectively by lead, stationary contact links to each other with contre electrode top terminals by lead, and the earth terminal of electrostatic generator is electrically connected with the extraction pot sidewall.
Further, contre electrode is real core pattern conductor, inserts insulator inside, and insulator is fixed on and extracts the cover middle part, by insulator and metal sidewall insulation.
Further, gauge tap comprises that the normally closed point of movable contact, movable contact often make war and stationary contact, and described contre electrode upper end is provided with binding post, extract in the still to comprise liquid-level switch,
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and beneficial effect:
1. shorten the time of extracting, improved extraction ratio.
2. it is low to extract temperature, and the protection effective ingredient is not destroyed by high temperature, especially the material of case of thermal instability, facile hydrolysis or oxidation.
3. by changing electrostatic field intensity, be easy to change solvent polarity, solute can be extracted from low to high continuously by polarity.
4. the good uniformity of Ti Quing, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 supersonic synergic electrostatic field extraction element sketch map;
Fig. 2 extraction pot bottom surface transducer is arranged sketch map;
Shown in the figure, 1: extraction pot; 2: heating jacket; 3: leakage fluid dram; 4: ultrasonic transducer; 5: ultrasonic generator; 6: inlet; 7: earthing of casing end; 8: liquid-level switch; 9: insulator; 10: contre electrode; 11: gauge tap; 12: stationary contact; 13: the normally closed point of movable contact; 14: movable contact is often made war; 15: electrostatic generator; 16: positive voltage output end; 17: the negative voltage outfan; 18: the ground outfan; 19, the extraction pot bottom surface; 20, transducer.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
The device of extracting effective components of plants by ultrasonic cooperating with electrostatic field of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, weighing is packed into through the material of pre-treatment and is extracted in the still 1, open inlet 6 valves and extract solution than adding according to the liquid material, to extract kettle cover tightens, set and extract temperature, extract the still sidewall and reach predetermined temperature by heating jacket 2 heating, regulate ultrasonic power and working time, open supersonic generator 5, open electrostatic generator 15 simultaneously, in 1～50kv scope, just setting, negative output voltage, the polarity of movable contact changing of transformation stationary contact 12 voltages by gauge tap 11, thus the polarity of contre electrode 10 changed, extract with the supersonic synergic electrostatic field, after reaching predetermined extraction time, extracting solution is emitted collection from leakage fluid dram 3.
As a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention, the positive voltage output end 16 of electrostatic generator 15 links to each other by the normally closed point 13 of lead and gauge tap movable contact, negative voltage outfan 17 links to each other by lead and gauge tap movable contact normal battle 14, the stationary contact of gauge tap links to each other with contre electrode upper end terminals, thereby the positive voltage of electrostatic generator or negative voltage are linked to each other with the contre electrode electricity, contre electrode is real core pattern conductor, insert insulator 9 inside, insulator is fixed on and extracts the cover middle part, by insulator and metal sidewall insulation, the ground outfan 18 of electrostatic generator is electrically connected with extraction pot earthing of casing end 7.Extraction pot is a cleaning groove type cylinder sound reactor, is provided with liquid-level switch 8 in the extraction pot, can protect heating jacket and Vltrasonic device.Ultrasonic transducer 4 sticks on outside, extraction pot bottom surface, adopts arrangement mode as much as possible, improves ultrasonic power to greatest extent.As shown in Figure 2, be 300mm cylinder extraction pot for the bottom surface diameter, in the middle of bottom surface 19 transducers 20 can be arranged one, 6 on every side, totally 7 transducers, the power of each transducer is 100W.Extract material and place in the extraction pot, when electrostatic generator and ultrasonic generator unlatching, extract material and just directly be in the combined effect of ultrasonic field and electrostatic field.
Embodiment 1
Adopt the extraction of supersonic synergic electrostatic field extraction element to carry out according to the following procedure: to take by weighing Radix Puerariae coarse powder coarse powder 0.5kg, put into extraction pot, add 10kg water, soaked 1 hour, and extracted 30 ℃ of temperature, stir, supersonic frequency 20Hz, power 700W, electrostatic field output positive voltage 50kV continuous action, the supersonic synergic electrostatic field is common to be handled after 0.5 hour, stop ultrasonic and electrostatic field, get 50ml and cross 80 mesh sieves, filtrate sample analysis, Fructus Citri grandis puerarin extraction ratio 80.19%.
Embodiment 2
Take by weighing Radix Puerariae coarse powder 0.5kg, put into extraction pot, add 10kg water, soaked 1 hour, and be warming up to 60 ℃, stir, supersonic frequency 20Hz, power 700W, electrostatic field output 50kV and-50kV every 5 minutes alternately once, the combined effect of supersonic synergic electrostatic field is after 0.5 hour, stop ultrasonic and electrostatic field, get 50ml and cross 80 mesh sieves, filtrate sample analysis, puerarin extraction ratio 88.43%.
Comparing embodiment 1: independent supersound extraction
Adopt supersound extraction to carry out according to the following procedure: to take by weighing Radix Puerariae coarse powder 0.5kg, put into extraction pot, add 10kg water, soaked 1 hour, be warming up to 60 ℃, stir supersonic frequency 20Hz, power 700W, ultrasonication 1 hour stops ultrasonicly, gets liquid, puerarin extraction ratio 78.13%.
The result shows: supersonic synergic electrostatic field extraction ratio is higher than independent use supersound extraction, and extraction time is short.Adopt alternative electrostatic field of generating positive and negative voltage and supersonic synergetic effect can further improve extraction ratio.
Embodiment 3
From Exocarpium Citri Grandis, extract naringin: take by weighing Exocarpium Citri Grandis medicinal material coarse powder 1kg, put into extraction pot, add the water of 10kg, soaked 1 hour, be warming up to 60 ℃, supersonic frequency 20Hz, power 700W, electrostatic field output positive voltage 50kV, the combined effect of supersonic synergic electrostatic field stopped ultrasonic and electrostatic field after 0.5 hour, got 50ml and crossed 80 mesh sieves, the filtrate sample analysis, naringin extraction ratio 76.53%.
Comparing embodiment 2: decocting method extracts
Take by weighing Exocarpium Citri Grandis medicinal material coarse powder 1kg, put into extraction pot, add the water of 10kg, soaked 1 hour.Be warming up to 100 ℃, boiled medicinal liquid 2 hours, extracting solution is crossed 60～100 mesh sieves, emits filtrate metering and analysis.Naringin extraction ratio 76.18%.
The result shows, supersonic synergic electrostatic field and decocting cooking method extraction ratio difference are little, but the decocting cooking method of comparing needs 100 ℃ just can carry out, the needed temperature of supersonic synergic electrostatic field reduces more than 40 ℃, and extraction time shortens 1.5 hours, and the supersonic synergic electrostatic field extracts can avoid destroying and is subjected to heat-labile composition in the medical material, improve the intrinsic quality of product, shorten the production cycle, cut down the consumption of energy, help the production of enterprise.
Embodiment 4
The pretreatment borneol tree branches and leaves 4kg that learns from else's experience puts into extraction pot, adds 4kg water, is warming up to 100 ℃, supersonic frequency 20Hz, and power 700W, electrostatic field output positive voltage 50kV, the supersonic synergic electrostatic field was got distillate after 0.5 hour, must set oily 79g.
Comparing embodiment 3
The pretreatment borneol tree branches and leaves 4kg that learns from else's experience puts into extraction pot, adds 4kg water, is warming up to 100 ℃, supersonic frequency 20Hz, and power 700W, ultrasonication was got distillate after 1 hour, must set oily 72g.
The foregoing description is a preferred implementation of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the method for extracting effective components of plants by ultrasonic cooperating with electrostatic field is characterized in that the combined effect of supersonic synergic electrostatic field carries out extracts active ingredients in plant and separate; Comprise the steps:
A. material sieves by 10～120 purposes through remove impurity after drying, pulverizing;
B. with the supersonic synergic electrostatic field material is carried out extraction separation and go out effective ingredient; Extracting temperature is 30～100 ℃, and extraction time is 0.5～5 hour, and the model of action of electrostatic field is for interruption or continuously, the model of action of electrostatic field and direction thereof are controlled by gauge tap; The voltage of electrostatic field is 1～50kV, and supersonic frequency is 16kHz～100kHz, and the sound intensity is 0.2～2000W/cm
2
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that among the step b, and extracting temperature is 30～60 ℃.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the material inventory is the capacity that 50～200g material/L extracts still.
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| CN101732361B true CN101732361B (en) | 2011-12-07 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102210942B (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-11-14 | 陕西师范大学 | Device for extracting Chinese medicine active ingredients with electromagnetic force and ultrasonic waves |
| CN104814447B (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2018-05-11 | 四川龙洋食品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of non-sootiness low-salt flavor bacon |
| CN107383930B (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2018-12-21 | 淮阴工学院 | The method for extracting plant brown pigment |
| CN107930182B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2024-05-24 | 山西鑫旭生物科技有限公司 | Plant active substance extraction element |
| CN109621484A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-16 | 广西南宁美丝美世纪生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of active ingredient of Chinese herbs extraction element of electric field induced radical |
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