CN101725465B - 风力涡轮机的叶根延长器 - Google Patents

风力涡轮机的叶根延长器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101725465B
CN101725465B CN2009101798592A CN200910179859A CN101725465B CN 101725465 B CN101725465 B CN 101725465B CN 2009101798592 A CN2009101798592 A CN 2009101798592A CN 200910179859 A CN200910179859 A CN 200910179859A CN 101725465 B CN101725465 B CN 101725465B
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Prior art keywords
extender
blade
blade root
wind turbine
flange
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CN101725465A (zh
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卡尔·奥尔胡斯
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Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy Innovation and Technology SL
Gamesa Eolica SA
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Gamesa Eolica SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/60—Assembly methods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于将风力涡轮机装配在叶根和固定在风力涡轮机的机仓的轮毂之间的叶根延长器。该叶根延长器由中空的、波纹状圆筒体和一个或两个端部法兰构成，法兰具有一些用于预负荷的双头螺杆的孔，双头螺杆给叶根延长器提供压力。

Description

风力涡轮机的叶根延长器
技术领域
本发明涉及水平轴的风力涡轮机，更具体地说，是连接在风力涡轮机叶根和叶片轴承或轮毂之间的的叶片延长器的使用，增加叶片的扫掠面积且增加发电量。
背景技术
叶根延长器用于增加风力涡轮机发电机的转子直径，以利用涡轮机上的现有的叶片，该涡轮机坐落在风力低于这种叶片的设计的基本(和风力涡轮机)风力。增加的转子直径增加了叶片扫掠面积，从而增加了风力涡轮机的电力产量。
叶片延长器一般通过焊接或铸造由金属制成。这种延长器具有两个螺栓分布圆：一个用于叶片连接，另一个用于轴承(或轮毂)连接，因此包括两个螺旋法兰和法兰间的一个圆筒筒体，其充当分离器。
大体上，这种延长器可以由，如具有玻璃纤维或碳纤维的塑料的复合材料制造，所述塑料如WO0142647中描述的，其中显示了一个增加叶片长度的延长器的设计，该延长器类似叶片由复合材料制造。
另外，使用延长器便于改变叶片角，类似WO03060319中所描述的，改变塔轴和转子圆形面积的角度来避免强风情况下叶片端部和塔之间的碰撞。如FR2863318所公开，圆周方向的叶片角度也可以改变。
几种风力涡轮机的制造者建议或已采用长的双头螺栓，该螺栓带有两个由纵向焊接的钢板制成的同心圆筒体。螺栓的一端连接到叶片上，另一端夹紧轴承内环。
可是，由于风力涡轮机叶片和延长器易于遭受强烈的疲劳载荷，他们应该正确设计，从而使用长的预应力螺栓以确保延长器不承受牵引载荷，大大增加延长器的耐疲劳性。但是，在圆筒体上的压缩载荷导致周向拉应力，这必须要予以考虑。
叶根延长器不包括用于延长器组装的圆周焊接。圆周焊接在考虑疲劳时的设计中是典型的最弱点。
另一方面，由于来自螺栓的压缩预应力，圆筒体的壁厚或者通过圆筒体的抗弯强度或者通过材料的耐压强度来限定。
发明内容
本发明设计了一种风力涡轮机叶根延长器，由于其结构和功能的特点在较轻设计的同时提供了高压曲抗力，这是相对于现有解决方案的一个优点。
这种叶根延长器由一个波纹状的圆筒体构成，该圆筒体的至少一端具有一个法兰，法兰具有插入预应力螺栓的孔，这些螺栓用于将该延长器连接在叶根和叶片轴承或风力涡轮机轮毂之间。
该波纹状延长器优选制成连续的无缝管(挤出的)(extruded orprotruded)或具有每个波峰和波谷的弯曲的铆接管。
圆筒体是波纹状的事实意味着延长器的弯曲抗力的增加，因为相对于现有的解决方案(例如上述两个纵向焊接的圆筒体)，波纹状的圆筒体具有更高的抵抗局部弯曲的强度。
双头螺栓应该定位在螺栓分布圆上，该圆的圆周位于由波纹状的圆筒体的横截面限定的波峰和波谷之间。圆筒体的所述横截面如此制作：螺栓分布圆直径两侧的压缩刚度相同从而无法引起圆筒体和螺栓上的不必要的弯曲。
附图说明
图1所示为依照本发明技术的延长器的透视图；
图2所示为轮毂组件、叶片轴承、延长器、双头螺栓和叶根组件的系列的分解透视图。
具体实施方式
本发明设想采用一个延长器1，其由一个波纹状圆筒体2构成，该圆筒体具有至少一个固定法兰3，用的圆筒来将一些延长器1预负荷固定螺栓4旋接在在叶根5与轮毂8的叶片轴承6之间
延长器1是一个中空的、波纹状的金属圆筒体2，在其至少一端具有一个法兰3。该法兰具有与波纹状圆筒体的波峰和波谷对应的一系列孔7，其还对应于叶根5内的一系列螺栓4孔。法兰3可以作为一个铸造零件制造，或由焊接的圆段制造。该法兰具有一个对应于波纹状圆筒体横截面的尾部，以限定延长器安装时法兰之间的相对位置。该尾部对减少安装时的偏心矩很有用。
如图2所示，由齿根5、延长器1、叶片轴承6组成的安装组件通过将长的双头螺栓4旋进叶根5来装配。紧接着，沿螺栓4推外部延长器法兰3，然后沿螺栓4波纹状圆筒体，直到挨上法兰3。通过将第二法兰3安装在螺栓4上来完成延长器组件。随后，将叶片轴承6安装到螺栓4上。最后，安装叶片系统零件，通过螺母将所有组件固定在双头螺栓4上。
通过这种安装，避免了现有技术方案中的圆周焊接的缺陷。
然后，整个组件通过固定的叶片轴承6和叶片轴承6的轮毂8的螺栓被安装到转子轮毂8上。将完整的延长器组件安装到转子上可以在地上完成或者在塔上将轮毂8安装在机仓的主轴上时完成。
在安装的过程中，应该用液压预紧器预装双头螺栓4。

Claims (7)

1.用于风力涡轮机的叶根延长器，安装在叶片（5）的根部和叶片轴承或轮毂（8）之间，且用双头螺栓固定，其特征在于，包括一中空的波纹状圆筒体（2）和在圆筒体至少一端的法兰，安装时，通过双头螺栓（4）紧固，以压紧延长器（1），双头螺栓位于一个螺栓分布圆上，该圆的圆周在由波纹状圆筒体的横截面上形成的波峰和波谷之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于风力涡轮机的叶根延长器，其特征在于，所述波纹状圆筒体（2）由金属制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于风力涡轮机的叶根延长器，其特征在于，所述波纹状圆筒体（2）由复合材料制成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于风力涡轮机的叶根延长器，其特征在于，所述至少一个法兰做为铸造零件制造或由焊接圆形段制造。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于风力涡轮机的叶根延长器，其特征在于，法兰具有一对应于波纹状圆筒体横截面的尾部，以在延长器装配时限定法兰相互间的相对位置。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于风力涡轮机的叶根延长器，其特征在于，叶根（5）、延长器（1）和叶片轴承（6）之间的装配包括以下步骤：
a）将长的双头螺栓（4）旋入叶根（5）；
b）沿螺栓（4）推外部延长器的法兰（3）；
c）沿螺栓（4）推所述波纹状圆筒体到与法兰（3）接触；
d）将叶片轴承（6）装配在螺栓（4）上；
e)装配叶片系统零件，并用所述双头螺栓（4）上的螺母固定在整个组件固定上。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于风力涡轮机的叶根延长器，其特征在于，当叶根延长器包括第二法兰时，叶根（5）、延长器（1）和叶片轴承（6）之间的装配包括接下来的步骤C2，即，延长器组件通过在螺栓（4）上安装第二法兰而完成。
CN2009101798592A 2008-10-16 2009-10-15 风力涡轮机的叶根延长器 Expired - Fee Related CN101725465B (zh)

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ESP200802915 2008-10-16
ES200802915A ES2371403B1 (es) 2008-10-16 2008-10-16 Extensor de raíz de pala para un aerogenerador.

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US9239040B2 (en) 2012-02-16 2016-01-19 General Electric Company Root end assembly configuration for a wind turbine rotor blade and associated forming methods
BR112014019590A2 (pt) * 2012-02-17 2018-09-11 Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L. aerogerador de acionamento direto
US9074581B2 (en) 2012-06-12 2015-07-07 General Electric Company Cone angle insert for wind turbine rotor
US9109578B2 (en) 2012-06-12 2015-08-18 General Electric Company Root extender for a wind turbine rotor blade
GB2517935A (en) * 2013-09-05 2015-03-11 Mainstream Renewable Power Ltd Wind turbine blade extender
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US10507902B2 (en) 2015-04-21 2019-12-17 General Electric Company Wind turbine dome and method of assembly
CN105370507B (zh) * 2015-12-08 2017-12-19 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 一种风电叶片根部延长段构件及其制造方法
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ES2371403A1 (es) 2012-01-02
CN101725465A (zh) 2010-06-09
US20100098552A1 (en) 2010-04-22
US8337161B2 (en) 2012-12-25
ES2371403B1 (es) 2012-11-21

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