CN101722357B - Copper steel bimetal high-temperature seepage pressure compounding method - Google Patents
Copper steel bimetal high-temperature seepage pressure compounding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101722357B CN101722357B CN2008101581590A CN200810158159A CN101722357B CN 101722357 B CN101722357 B CN 101722357B CN 2008101581590 A CN2008101581590 A CN 2008101581590A CN 200810158159 A CN200810158159 A CN 200810158159A CN 101722357 B CN101722357 B CN 101722357B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a copper steel bimetal high-temperature seepage pressure compounding method which belongs to the field of metal slide and abrasion resistance piece processing. The method comprises the following steps of: a. chemically plating copper: producing a steel base body by a precise casting process, carrying out shot blasting rust removing processing and chemical oil and rust removing processing and then soaking the steel base body into a copper sulfate solution with certain concentration; b. seeping at high temperature: heating melted copper alloy at 1,000-1,200 DEG C, heating the copper-plated steel base body at 1,000 DEG C, pouring the melted copper alloy into the red heat steel base body, heating to 1,200 DEG C in an electric furnace and preserving the temperature for 0.5 hour; c. fusing by pressure: placing the red heat steel base body loaded with the melted copper alloy at 1,200 DEG C into a die, pressurizing the melted copper alloy by 50-100MPa, maintaining the pressure for two minutes and cooling and fusing the copper alloy and the steel base body at pressure. The invention has the advantages of high compounding strength, energy saving, no pollution, saving of a plurality of nonferrous metal copper, and the like.
Description
Technical field
Copper steel bimetal high-temperature seepage pressure compounding method belongs to metal and slides and the wearing piece manufacture field.Be specifically related to base steel complex copper valve stem nut, base steel complex copper bearing shell, the combined machining method of base steel complex copper worm gear etc.
Background technology
Non-ferrous metal copper is a kind of important strategic resource, and China's copper ore resource is less, most of relies on import, and the copper valency soars in recent years, and the cathode copper price has much and increases to more higher-priced market trend always about 70,000 yuan/ton.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above; Existing people develops the complex method of the slip wearing pieces such as valve stem nut of base steel complex copper and aluminium base complex copper; Utilize this method that bimetallic is combined with each other, can practice thrift a large amount of copper materials, but still have the compound problem that firmly waits the parties concerned inadequately at present.
But the copper steel complex technique of prior art need be smeared on the steel matrix surface and become privileged learn complexing agent, and to toxic elements in human body and certain environmental pollution is arranged, combined efficiency is low, and percent defective is high, and power consumption is big, and combined strength bination is low.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is: overcome the problem that prior art exists, provide a kind of and need not smear any chemically composited dose, the copper steel bimetal high-temperature seepage pressure compounding method that environmental pollution is little, combined strength bination is high.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
This copper steel bimetal high-temperature seepage pressure compounding method is characterized in that: by the following step:
A, electroless copper: steel matrix is used precision casting process production, and through shot-peening processings of derusting, chemical deoiling and degreasing immerses steel matrix in the certain density copper-bath after derusting and cleaning, first in steel matrix surface attachment layer of copper, thickness 3-5 μ m;
B, seeping at high temperature: 1000-1200 ℃ of heating and melting copper alloy temperature, heat 1000 ℃ of copper-plated steel matrix temperature, the molten copper alloy is poured in the red heat steel matrix, in electric furnace, be warming up to 1200 ℃, be incubated 0.5 hour;
C, fusing by pressure:, insert in the mould 50-100Mpa that on the molten copper alloy, pressurizes, pressurize 2 minutes, the fusion of under pressure, lowering the temperature of copper alloy and steel matrix with the red heat steel matrix of dress molten copper alloy in 1200 ℃ of the temperature.
The prescription of copper-bath: copper sulphate CuSO
45H
2O 15g/L, formaldehyde 10g/L, methyl alcohol 0.5g/L, sodium carbonate NaCO
3Regulate the 40 minutes time in PH=12,30 ℃ of temperature, the steel matrix immersion copper-bath.
Principle
The invention is intended to seek a kind of element body with existing copper spare with steel for it; Make it that surface of copper functional requirement arranged; Special smelting welding complex technique through electroless copper, seeping at high temperature, fusing by pressure; With the compound layer of copper of high bond strength, make copper only account for below 10% of object gross weight, be combined into the metal premium quality product thereby form the base steel complex copper.As: base steel complex copper valve stem nut, base steel complex copper bearing shell, base steel complex copper worm gear etc.
Compared with prior art; The beneficial effect that copper steel bimetal high-temperature seepage pressure compounding method of the present invention had is: the tensile strength of using its faying face of copper steel composite members of the present invention's production; Even surpassed the tensile strength of base steel bulk material; Use technology of the present invention, can realize large batch of suitability for industrialized production.The present invention has the combined strength bination height, and production efficiency is high, energy-conservation, free of contamination characteristics, and opened up an a large amount of important channel of practicing thrift non-ferrous metal copper, for production high-quality, high strength, the copper steel joint product provides reliable guidance cheaply.
The specific embodiment
1, electroless copper: steel matrix is used precision casting process production, and through shot-peening processings of derusting, with the surface roughness of raising steel matrix.After chemical deoiling and degreasing derusts and cleans; Steel matrix is immersed in the certain density copper-bath, utilize the principles of chemistry earlier at steel matrix surface attachment layer of copper, thickness 3-5um; Act on importantly though the copper layer is thin, play anti-oxidation and copper atom migration inducing action under the steel matrix high temperature.
The chemical copper plating solution proportioning is seen table 1:
Table 1:
| 1 | Main salt | Copper sulphate (CuSO 45H 2O) | 15g/L |
| 2 | Reducing agent | Formaldehyde | 10g/L |
| 3 | Stabilizing agent | Methyl alcohol | 0.5g/L |
| 4 | The PH conditioning agent | Sodium carbonate (NaCO 3) | Regulate PH=12 |
| 5 | Temperature | ? | 30℃ |
| 6 | Time | ? | 40 minutes |
2, seeping at high temperature:
Do following experiment, according to 1000-1200 ℃ of different copper alloy heating and melting copper alloy temperature, 1000 ℃ of heating steel matrix temperature; The molten copper alloy is poured in the red heat steel matrix, both the test temperature 960-1300 in electric furnace ℃ together, be incubated 0.5 hour; Copper atom under the hyperthermia and superheating state is very active, and the speed of in steel matrix, moving is big, and steel matrix is under red heat high temperature; Steel atom gap increases, and helps copper atom and in steel matrix, moves.
The seeping at high temperature test temperature is seen table 2:
Table 2:
| Sequence number | Steel matrix and copper alloy test temperature | Temperature retention time | The degree of depth that Metallographic Analysis copper permeates in steel matrix | Pull test during tension failure (KN) |
| 1 | 960 ℃ (950 ℃ of copper alloy melt temperatures) | 0.5 hour | 20um | ≥300 |
| 2 | 1000℃ | 0.5 hour | 35um | ≥380 |
| 3 | 1100℃ | 0.5 hour | 50um | ≥400 |
| 4 | 1200℃ | 0.5 hour | 67um | ≥400 |
| 5 | 1300℃ | 0.5 hour | Red soft distortion of steel matrix | ? |
Can find out through above-mentioned analysis of experiments: along with temperature raises, copper atom permeable formation in steel matrix thickens, and the optimum temperature that can satisfy the tensile strength requirement is between 1000 ℃-1200 ℃, and is incubated 0.5 hour.
We also did temperature retention time test, thicken with the growth permeable formation of temperature retention time, but the high working (machining) efficiency low production cost of long power consumption of time were high, is the Best Times section so be incubated 0.5 hour.
3, pressurization fusion:
The steel matrix that is heated to dress molten copper alloy red heat in 1200 ℃ is inserted in the mould; Press device adds 10-100MPa pressure with 100 tons of hydraulic presses on the copper alloy of fusion, under high pressure promote copper atom and in steel matrix, move; Pressurize 2 minutes; The cooling fusion has formed copper steel fusion penetration alloy-layer under institute's plus-pressure, has realized high-intensity fusion.Fusion pressure is seen table 3:
Table 3:
| Sequence number | Test pressure | Dwell time | Pore situation in the copper alloy | Pulling force (KN) during the tension test fracture |
| 1 | 10MPa | 2 minutes | The visible pore of eyes | ≥380 |
| 2 | 20MPa | 2 minutes | Eyes lose pore | ≥400 |
| 3 | 50MPa | 2 minutes | The fine and close pore-free of copper alloy, density increase | ≥420 |
| 4 | 80MPa | 2 minutes | The fine and close pore-free of copper alloy, density increase | ≥430 |
| 5 | 100MPa | 2 minutes | The fine and close pore-free of copper alloy, density increase | ≥430 |
Can find out through top test data analyzer, be best during pressurization 50MPa-100MPa, the fine and close pore-free of copper alloy, and density increases, the intensity raising, requirement fully can meet the specification.
The present invention has 3 key problem in technology points:
1, electroless copper:, anti-oxidation and copper atom migration infiltration inducing action under the high temperature is arranged in steel matrix surface attachment layer of copper.
2, seeping at high temperature: the present invention does not smear the complexing agent of contaminated environment on the steel matrix surface, utilization be under copper atom migration penetration theory (like carburizing, the nitriding principle etc.) high temperature of fusion under the high temperature copper former migration velocity fast, the fusion bed thickness, recombination time is short.
3, fusing by pressure: the molten copper alloy under high pressure moves infiltration, pressurize cooling fusion in mould, and the fine and close pore-free of copper layer, fusion intensity is high.
Embodiment 1
Complex copper alloy preparation method in the Φ 50X100mm bearing shell:
1, go out steel matrix with the hot investment casting of Q235 structural carbon steel, and shot-peening derusts, shot-peening is in order to improve the steel matrix inside surface roughness;
2, the steel matrix alkali cleaning is deoiled, pickling is derusted, after washing is clean, immerse in the copper-bath of table 1, and 30 ℃ of temperature, 40 minutes time, utilize the principles of chemistry at steel matrix surface attachment 3-5 μ m copper layer, rise anti-oxidation and copper atom infiltration inducing action;
3, heating will be with the 1000 ℃ of molten copper alloy ZCu58Zn38Mn2Pb that are heated to of electrosmelting of intermediate frequency through the steel matrix temperature to 1000 of electroless copper ℃ in electric furnace
2Pour in the red heat steel matrix, in electric furnace, be warming up to 1200 ℃ together, be incubated 0.5 hour, copper atom is at high temperature permeated in steel matrix;
4, the red heat steel matrix of molten copper alloy is housed in the taking-up from electric furnace, places mould to be pressurized to 50MPa with 100 tons of hydraulic presses, pressurize 2 minutes, the cooling fusion is treated to rush down pressure after copper alloy solidifies under this pressure, takes out the copper steel composite bearing.Pulling force 380KN during copper steel composite bearing drawn test fracture.
Embodiment 2
The outer complex copper alloy preparation method of Φ 160mm worm gear:
1, go out steel matrix with the hot investment casting of Q235 structural carbon steel, and shot-peening derusts, shot-peening is in order to improve the steel matrix surface roughness.
2, the steel matrix alkali cleaning is deoiled, pickling is derusted, after washing is clean, immerse in the copper-bath of table 1, and 30 ℃ of temperature, 40 minutes time, utilize the principles of chemistry at worm gear steel matrix surface attachment 3-5 μ m copper layer, rise anti-oxidation and copper atom infiltration inducing action.
3, place mould to worm gear steel matrix through electroless copper; Be placed on together with mould and in electric furnace, be heated to 1000 ℃; To pour into between the mould and steel matrix of red heat with the molten copper alloy ZQCuSn6-6-3 that middle frequency furnace is heated to 1000 ℃ of meltings; In electric furnace, be warming up to 1200 ℃ of insulations 0.5 hour together, copper atom is at high temperature permeated in steel matrix.
4, from electric furnace, take out the mould that red heat worm gear steel matrix and molten copper alloy are housed, be pressurized to 60MPa with 00 ton of hydraulic press, pressurize 2 minutes, the cooling fusion is treated to rush down pressure after copper alloy solidifies under this pressure, takes out the copper steel composite worm wheel.Pulling force 400KN during copper steel composite worm wheel drawn test fracture.
Use the tensile strength of its faying face of copper steel composite members of the present invention's production, even surpassed the tensile strength of base steel bulk material, use technology of the present invention, can realize large batch of suitability for industrialized production.The present invention has the combined strength bination height, and production efficiency is high, energy-conservation, free of contamination characteristics, and opened up an a large amount of important channel of practicing thrift non-ferrous metal copper, for production high-quality, high strength, the copper steel joint product provides the technical guarantee that can accuse cheaply.
Claims (2)
1. copper steel bimetal high-temperature seepage pressure compounding method is characterized in that: by the following step:
A, electroless copper: steel matrix is used precision casting process production, and through shot-peening processings of derusting, chemical deoiling and degreasing immerses steel matrix in the certain density copper-bath after derusting and cleaning, first in steel matrix surface attachment layer of copper, thickness 3-5 μ m;
B, seeping at high temperature: 1000-1200 ℃ of heating and melting copper alloy temperature, heat 1000 ℃ of copper-plated steel matrix temperature, the molten copper alloy is poured in the red heat steel matrix, in electric furnace, be warming up to 1200 ℃, be incubated 0.5 hour;
C, fusing by pressure: the red heat steel matrix of dress molten copper alloy in 1200 ℃ of the temperature is inserted in the mould 50-100Mpa that on the molten copper alloy, pressurizes, pressurize 2 minutes, the fusion of under pressure, lowering the temperature of copper alloy and steel matrix.
2. copper steel bimetal high-temperature seepage pressure compounding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the prescription of copper-bath: copper sulphate CuSO
45H
2O 15g/L, formaldehyde 10g/L, methyl alcohol 0.5g/L, sodium carbonate NaCO
3Regulate the 40 minutes time in PH=12,30 ℃ of temperature, the steel matrix immersion copper-bath.
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| CN101722357B true CN101722357B (en) | 2012-01-11 |
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| JP5713074B2 (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-05-07 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | Sliding member |
| CN114250455A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-29 | 安徽瑞荣汽车零部件有限公司 | Steel back lamination pretreatment process method |
Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4029253A (en) * | 1972-04-22 | 1977-06-14 | Walter Cartossi S.P.A. | Method of heat and pressure bonding of plates of heat conductive metal onto stainless steel surfaces |
| CN87108211A (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1988-09-07 | 国家机械工业委员会郑州机械研究所 | The new technology of casting blank of copper worm gear |
| CN1061924A (en) * | 1991-12-14 | 1992-06-17 | 山西省冶金研究所 | Technology for casting double-layer metallic material (steel body with copper liner) |
| CN1071107A (en) * | 1991-09-26 | 1993-04-21 | 北京航空航天大学 | Sintering process for cast iron-copper composite |
| JP3012145B2 (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 2000-02-21 | 住友電装株式会社 | Stripping mechanism of insulated wire |
| CN101121197A (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-02-13 | 刘明强 | Method for steel based compositing copper alloy |
-
2008
- 2008-10-20 CN CN2008101581590A patent/CN101722357B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4029253A (en) * | 1972-04-22 | 1977-06-14 | Walter Cartossi S.P.A. | Method of heat and pressure bonding of plates of heat conductive metal onto stainless steel surfaces |
| CN87108211A (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1988-09-07 | 国家机械工业委员会郑州机械研究所 | The new technology of casting blank of copper worm gear |
| CN1071107A (en) * | 1991-09-26 | 1993-04-21 | 北京航空航天大学 | Sintering process for cast iron-copper composite |
| CN1061924A (en) * | 1991-12-14 | 1992-06-17 | 山西省冶金研究所 | Technology for casting double-layer metallic material (steel body with copper liner) |
| JP3012145B2 (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 2000-02-21 | 住友電装株式会社 | Stripping mechanism of insulated wire |
| CN101121197A (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-02-13 | 刘明强 | Method for steel based compositing copper alloy |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特许第3012145号B2 2000.02.21 |
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