CN101721761A - 具有填充水平检测的筒 - Google Patents

具有填充水平检测的筒 Download PDF

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CN101721761A
CN101721761A CN200910209116A CN200910209116A CN101721761A CN 101721761 A CN101721761 A CN 101721761A CN 200910209116 A CN200910209116 A CN 200910209116A CN 200910209116 A CN200910209116 A CN 200910209116A CN 101721761 A CN101721761 A CN 101721761A
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J·施尼德里格
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Sensile Medical AG
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Abstract

一种具有填充水平检测系统(10，10’，10”)的筒(2)，所述筒包括：基本上刚性的容器壁(4)，所述容器壁(4)具有围绕用于在其中接纳液体的室(18)的管状壁部分(12)；柱塞或活塞(8)，被安装在所述室内并被配置为密封所述室的一侧，所述柱塞或活塞可在所述室内向所述筒的出口端(14)位移，其特征在于所述填充水平检测系统包括：多个以并列方式在所述柱塞或活塞(8)的位移D的方向上沿所述管状壁部分布置的分立固定电极(24，24’)，以及固定到所述柱塞或活塞并且可以与其一起位移的移动电极部件(28)。

Description

具有填充水平检测的筒
技术领域
本发明涉及具有填充水平(fill level)检测系统的用于容纳流体的筒。本发明特别地涉及用于诸如胰岛素、胰高血糖素以及生长激素的液体药用产品的筒，该筒包括移动活塞或柱塞，用于排出液体或简单地允许筒中的体积的变化。
背景技术
具有活塞或柱塞的筒在胰岛素泵系统中是众所周知的，因此检测筒的填充水平对于确保泵系统正确运行和/或提供正确剂量和/或发出信号来更换筒是重要的。
在US 5704922、US 6352523、WO 2007/107558、以及DE102004040441中提出了各种筒填充水平检测系统。
在US 5704922中，披露了具有用于测量剂量的电接触点的注射器。该系统的缺点是触点之间的短路导致错误填充水平读数的风险。此外，考虑到提供大量触点的困难，系统的填充水平准确性差。连接柱塞上的触点的需求要求昂贵且体积大的连接器。
这些缺点中的一些被例如在US 6352523、DE 102004040441或WO 2007/107558中描述的无接触填充水平检测系统所克服。在这些已知系统中，电极位于筒的任一侧以测量依赖于电极之间的介电属性和其它因素的电容。介电属性取决于形成筒壁的材料、电极分开的距离、柱塞的材料、筒中液体的介电值以及填充水平。因为筒中的液体具有不同于空气和柱塞的材料的介电属性，所以总电容值将随着柱塞前移以及液体排出筒而改变。考虑到对影响电容测量的多个因素的依赖，这种测量系统的一个主要缺点是对干扰的敏感和需要准确校准系统。这样的系统的准确性和可靠性在许多应用中可能是不够的。同样，作为筒的直径和用作筒的材料以及筒中的液体的属性的函数来调节测量的计算和校准筒填充水平检测的需求也是昂贵的。
发明内容
根据上面所述，本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于流体存储和运输的、具有准确并且可靠的填充水平检测系统的筒。
提供具有经济的填充水平检测的筒是有利的。
提供具有可以在不同尺寸、形状和材料的筒中实现的易于配置和校准的填充水平检测的筒是有利的。
本发明的目的已经通过提供根据权利要求1的具有填充水平检测的筒而实现。
在此公开了一种筒，包括大体上刚性的容器壁，所述容器壁具有围绕用于在其中接纳液体的室的管状壁部分；移动柱塞或活塞被安装在室内并被配置为密封该室的一侧，该柱塞或活塞可从管状壁部分的柱塞端移位到管状壁部分的出口端，用于允许液体从室中排出；以及电容性填充水平检测系统，其特征在于该填充水平检测系统包括多个以并列方式在柱塞或活塞的位移方向上沿管状壁部分布置的分立固定电极；以及互补移动电极部件，固定到柱塞或活塞并且可以与其一起位移。通过读取沿管状壁部分布置的多个固定电极中的每一个与柱塞/活塞上的互补移动电极之间的电容值，由此提供最强信号的固定电极指示柱塞电极的位置，从而确定柱塞/活塞的位置，进而确定室中流体的填充水平。
来自多个固定电极的信号可以同时或顺序读取。优选地，管状壁部分上的多个固定电极连接到多路复用器，该多路复用器被配置为启动并从管状壁部分的一端至另一端顺序地或以任何选定顺序读取该多个电极。
有利地，根据本发明的填充水平检测系统不依赖于材料属性、形状、以及筒部件的尺寸以及包含在其中的液体，从而特别可靠和鲁棒。并且，填充水平检测可以容易地在供不同液体使用的不同大小、形状和材料的筒中应用，非常容易并且不需要或几乎不需要校正。
附图说明
本发明的其他目的和优点将由权利要求以及下面的具体实施方式和附图而变得清晰。附图中：
图1a是根据本发明的实施例的具有填充水平检测系统的筒的示意图；
图1b是图1a的筒的简化剖视图；
图1c是例示图1a的填充水平检测系统的固定电极的电信号响应的包络线的简化曲线；
图2a是根据本发明的另一实施例的具有填充水平检测系统的筒的简化示意图；
图2b是图2a的筒的简化剖视图；
图2c是例示图2a的实施例的固定电极的信号响应的包络线的简化曲线；
图3a是根据本发明的又一实施例的具有填充水平检测系统的筒的简化示意图；以及
图3b是例示图3a的实施例的固定电极的信号响应的包络线的简化曲线。
具体实施方式
参考附图，筒2，2’，2”包括容器壁4、出口6、柱塞或活塞8，以及填充水平检测系统10，10’，10”。
容器壁4包括从出口端14延伸至相反的柱塞端16的管状壁部分12，柱塞端16在筒满时接近柱塞/活塞8的开始位置。出口端14、管状壁部分12和柱塞/活塞8限定了存储流体20的室18，流体20在柱塞/活塞向出口端14推进时从出口6排出。管状壁部分12因此在柱塞或活塞的位移D的方向上延伸，并优选地具有圆柱形。
筒2，2’，2”通常可以是例如用于存储和输送诸如胰岛素的液体药品的小瓶形状，筒可替换地安装在输送系统中，例如胰岛素泵装置。筒也可以是不可替换的并且通过例如阀或封口从分离的液体源来重新灌装。
筒的出口端14可以是例如具有无菌自密封膜的盖的形状，该膜被形成筒的出口6的针刺穿。针6可以连接到用于输送诸如胰岛素的液体药品至患者的系统。
柱塞/活塞8可以包括塞子22，例如具有弹性密封环的塞子、或由弹性材料(例如硅橡胶)整体制成的塞子。
筒的管状壁部分12可以由玻璃、塑料材料或其他适于筒中容纳的流体20的非导电材料制成。
填充水平检测系统10，10’，10”包括多个以并列方式沿柱塞8的位移D的方向上的管状壁部分12布置的分立的固定电极24，24’，以及互补电极26，该互补电极26包括固定至柱塞/活塞8的导电移动分立电极部件28。
移动分立电极部件28优选地为基本上平坦的盘的形式，其具有基本上对应于室18的横截面轮廓的形状。然而在不背离本发明的范围的情况下，移动分立电极部件可以为其他形状和尺寸。移动分立电极部件28可以附加(例如粘接)到与室的液体灌装侧相反的柱塞/活塞的后侧。然而，移动分立电极部件可以通过二次注塑(overmoulding)、组装在柱塞/活塞中的相应腔中或安装在柱塞/活塞8的液体接触侧上来安装在柱塞/活塞内。移动分立电极部件28可以是安装至柱塞/活塞的金属盘的形式，或者可以是沉积在基板或直接沉积在柱塞/活塞的表面上的导电层的形式。移动分立电极部件也可以是导电材料层形式，在还形成柱塞或活塞的注入成型(injectionmolding)或铸造处理过程中形成或沉积该导电材料层。
填充水平检测系统进一步包括信号处理电路30，该信号处理电路30连接到多个固定电极24，24’以及互补的移动电极部件28，并被配置为把电信号发送至电极以及读取其响应。在优选实施例中，该信号处理电路包括信号多路复用器和/或多路信号分离器，用于发送和/或接收多个分立固定电极24，24’中的每一个的电信号。固定电极24，24’可以用作电测量信号的接收器或发送器，因此如果分立的多个电极作为发送器，互补的电极26，26’，26”可以作为接收器，或者如果分立的多个电极作为接收器，则互补的电极26，26’，26”可以作为发送器。
多路复用器/多路信号分离器30使得电信号能够被顺序地(即一个接一个地)提供至多个固定电极24，24’，并且确定每个固定电极24，24’的电信号响应，由此最靠近移动电极部件28的分立的固定电极24m，24m’将产生峰值信号P，如结合图1a的图1c、结合图2a的2c以及结合图3a的3b最佳示出的那样。因为信号响应严重地依赖于移动电极部件28的位置，从而依赖柱塞/活塞位置，但是不依赖于筒和流体的大小和介电属性，所以柱塞/活塞的位置可以被可靠地确定并且对外部噪声、温度或其他可能影响电容值读数的因素具有高容忍性。
特别地参考图1a、1b，多个分立的固定电极24可以有利地包括电极部24a，该电极部24a部分地(例如如图1b所示)或完全地(未示出)缠绕筒的管状壁部分12。在所例示的圆柱型管状筒的情况下，电极部24a因此形成围绕室28同轴布置的部分环或完整环，穿过这些环布置柱塞/活塞8。
可以考虑到筒的单位长度上的电极个数、用于电绝缘或退偶电容效应的相邻电极之间所需的间距，或考虑到信号强度，来调节在柱塞/活塞的位移D的方向上相邻固定电极24，24’之间的间距s和每个电极的宽度w。换句话说，可以调节固定电极的几何形状以优化峰值信号P读数。在柱塞/活塞位移D的方向上，为了优化信号准确性、鲁棒性和强度，可以经验性地确定移动分立电极部件28的厚度t。优选地，移动电极部件的厚度t小于相邻固定电极24，24’之间的间距s的2倍，更优选地小于相邻固定电极之间的间距s的1.5倍。
固定电极24，24’可以是在形成筒过程中通过二次注塑或铸造嵌入到形成筒的管状壁部分的材料中的导体的形式。固定电极的缠绕部24a，24a’也可以通过各种已知的沉积处理而被沉积在管状壁部分12的内部层上或外部层上。在另一变体中，可以在分离的基板上形成固定电极，例如缠绕并粘接或通过其他方式固定至筒容器壁4的柔性基板或可热成形的基板，由此，该信号处理电路也可以整体形成在基板上或可替换地通过基板上的连接器或通过其他已知的用于柔性印刷电路的互连方式与其连接。
分立固定电极24，24’也可以形成在具有对应于筒的外部形状的腔的外壳上或形成在该外壳中，使得外壳(未示出)可以作为单个部件插在筒上，或通过将外壳分成两个部件或可替换地通过在筒管状壁部分12上在与位移D的方向正交的方向上安装具有基本上U型腔的单个外壳而围绕筒组装。
因此，固定电极可以形成在筒的管状壁部分12中或其上，或形成在部分或完全位于管状壁部分12周围的分离的部件上。
在图1a至1c的图中，移动电极部件28通过可以是被绝缘的线路导体的导体引线31的方式直接连接到信号处理电路30。在其他变体中，移动电极部件可以通过由导电材料制成或包括导电材料且其另一端连接到信号处理电路的柱塞推杆或通过如图3a，3b的实施例中例示的由导电材料制成或包括导电材料的活塞柱塞按压弹簧31’电连接到信号处理电路30。
参考图2a至2c，互补的移动电极部件28电容性地耦合到互补电极26’的导体34，该导体34在位移D的方向上沿着筒延伸并位于筒容器壁4的与分立固定电极24’相对的一侧，导体34互连至信号处理电路30。该实施例的优点是移动电极部件28不要求直接电互连，因此互补电极导体34和分立固定电极24’至信号处理电路的电互连可以被执行而没有任何至移动部件的互连。互补电极导体34因此作为相对于移动分立电极部件28的电容性耦合电极。
在本发明的范围中，也可以将互补电极导体34分成多个与固定电极24’相对布置的分立固定电极以形成互连至多路复用器电路30的相对电极的并列对。在后者的变体中，移动分立电极部件28可以作为布置在筒腔的任一侧的相对电极的各个对之间的电容性连接元件。
如图2b的实施例中所示，固定电极24’和相对的互补电极导体34(或参照上述变体的相对的固定电极)可以每个都缠绕小于筒的管状壁部分12的周长的一半。
互补电极导体34可以通过上面关于固定电极24，24’所述的各种技术中的任何一种安装或沉积在筒上。

Claims (14)

1.一种具有填充水平检测系统(10，10’，10”)的筒(2)，所述筒包括：
基本上刚性的容器壁(4)，所述容器壁(4)具有围绕用于在其中接纳流体的室(18)的管状壁部分(12)；
柱塞或活塞(8)，被安装在所述室内并被配置为密封所述室的一侧，所述柱塞或活塞可在所述室内向所述筒的出口端(14)位移，
其中所述填充水平检测系统包括：
多个在所述柱塞或活塞(8)的位移D的方向上以并列方式沿所述管状壁部分布置的分立固定电极(24，24’)；以及
固定到所述柱塞或活塞并且可以与其一起位移的移动分立电极部件(28)，所述移动分立电极部件在所述移动电极部件的位移D的方向上的平均厚度(t)等于或小于相邻所述分立固定电极(24，24’)之间的间距(s)的两倍。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有填充水平检测系统的筒，其中所述填充水平检测系统包括连接到所述多个分立固定电极的信号处理电路(30)，所述信号处理电路包括多路复用器，用于向所述多个分立固定电极中的每一个顺序地发送信号和/或从其接收信号。
3.根据权利要求1所述的筒，其中所述移动分立电极部件通过导体(31，31’)直接电连接至信号处理电路(30)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的筒，其中所述移动分立电极部件通过到电连接至所述信号处理电路(30)的互补电极导体(34)的电容性耦合而连接到所述信号处理电路(30)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的筒，其中所述互补电极导体在与所述多个分立固定电极基本相反的所述筒容器壁的一侧上在所述移动分立电极部件的位移D的方向上沿所述管状壁部分延伸。
6.根据权利要求1所述的筒，其中所述移动分立电极部件包括组装至所述柱塞或活塞的导电盘形元件。
7.根据权利要求1所述的筒，其中所述多个分立固定电极的每一个都包括缠绕所述管状壁部分(12)大于180°的电极部(24a)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的筒，其中所述多个分立固定电极的每一个都包括缠绕所述管状壁部分(12)小于180°的电极部(24a’)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的筒，其中所述多个分立固定电极形成在组装至所述筒容器壁(4)的基板上。
10.根据权利要求9所述的筒，其中所述基板是柔性薄膜。
11.根据权利要求9所述的筒，其中所述基板采用由诸如塑料的绝缘材料注塑或模制的外壳的形式。
12.根据权利要求1所述的筒，其中所述多个分立固定电极具有直接形成在所述筒容器壁(4)上或所述筒容器壁(4)中的电极部(24a，24a’)。
13.一种确定包括移动柱塞或活塞(8)的筒的填充水平的方法，包括：
向所述筒提供在所述柱塞或活塞的位移D的方向上以并列方式沿所述筒的管状壁部分布置的多个分立固定电极(24，24’)，以及固定在所述柱塞或活塞中、固定在所述柱塞或活塞上或固定至所述柱塞或活塞的移动分立电极，以及
读取所述多个固定电极中的每一个和所述移动分立电极之间的电容值，从而提供最强电容值的固定电极指示所述柱塞或活塞的位置。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中通过多路复用器的方式顺序地读取所述多个固定电极中的每一个和所述移动电极之间的电容值。
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