CN101717697A

CN101717697A - Method for preparing biodiesel by utilizing recycled waste oil

Info

Publication number: CN101717697A
Application number: CN200910230556A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 祝合丰; 王晓霞; 安红霞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-11-30
Filing date: 2009-11-30
Publication date: 2010-06-02

Abstract

The invention relates to a key technique for producing biodiesel by utilizing waste oil, which is characterized in that recycled waste oil is utilized to react with methanol in the presence of acid catalysts so as to obtain fatty acid methyl ester and glycerin, and high-purity biodiesel is obtained through separation. The implementation of the method not only can reduce emissions of pollutants from diesel combustion, but also can reduce environmental pollution caused by waste oil containing toxic substances.

Description

A kind of utilization is reclaimed sewer oil and is prepared method of bio-diesel oil

Technical field

The present invention relates to energy field, a kind of specifically the utilization reclaimed the production method that sewer oil prepares biofuel.

Background technology

The energy is the important substance basis of economy and social development.Since the Industrial Revolution, world energy sources consumption increases severely, and fossil energy resource consumptions such as coal, oil, Sweet natural gas are rapid, and ecotope constantly worsens, particularly greenhouse gas emission causes increasingly serious Global climate change, and the Sustainable development of human society is subjected to serious threat.At present, China has become world energy sources production and consumption big country, but the energy expenditure level is also very low per capita.Along with continuous development economic and society, China's energy demand is with sustainable growth.Increase power supply, ensure energy security, the Sustainable development of preserving the ecological environment, facilitating economic and social, be a great strategic task of China's economy and social development.

Diesel oil occupies higher share as a kind of important petroleum chain refining product in various countries' fuel structure, become important power fuel.Quickening along with vehicle diesel oil trend in the world wide, the demand of following diesel oil can be more and more big, and the raising of exhausted day by day and people's environmental consciousness of petroleum resources, promoted countries in the world to accelerate the exploitation paces of diesel oil alternative fuel greatly, especially entered the nineties in 20th century, biofuel has been subjected to the attention of various countries with its superior environmental-protecting performance.Biofuel is the cleaning of utilizing waste animal vegetable oil to make, reproducible liquid fuel, is the high-quality substitute of mineral diesel, and it can solve to a certain extent, and the China's oil energy lacks and municipal wastewater (" sewer oil ") pollution problems.The notion of biofuel is to be proposed by German slip-stick artist Rudoiph (Dr.Rudolf) in 1895, be meant and utilize all kinds of animal-plant oil to be raw material, hand over the esterification reaction modification with alcohols materials processes such as methyl alcohol or ethanol, it is finally become can be for a kind of fuel of oil engine use.The seventies in 20th century, the whole world was absorbed in after the energy dilemma, and biofuel has become heat subject.Development biofuel industry has the strategic importance of energy security.

Since China in 1993 became net import of oil state, the petroleum import amount was with annual 4% speed increment, the external interdependency of CNPC from 7.6% of nineteen ninety-five be increased to 2000 33.8%.Chinese import 9,100 ten thousand t crude oil in 2003 increased by 31% than 2002.To the year two thousand twenty, CNPC's consumption is estimated will reach about 4.5 hundred million t, and the external interdependency of oil will reach 60%.In addition, can significantly reduce pollutant emission during the biofuel burning, it is reported, the biofuel of using " sewer oil " conversion is than the more environmental protection of conventional diesel performance, and detection shows that biofuel is compared with ordinary diesel oil and can be reduced by 90% air toxicity; Utilize waste edible oil, " sewer oil " production biofuel, can reduce waste oil pollution environment dirty, that contain Toxic matter.Therefore, utilize domestic resources advantage, the exploitation biofuel is significant.

At present, mainly contain soybean (U.S.), Semen Brassicae campestris (European Community), brown tung oil (South East Asia) at the raw material of developed country's production biofuel, national expenditures plant oil leftovers such as Japan, Ireland and edible refiltered oil are made the raw material production biofuel.Relevant statistical information shows that annual " sewer oil " that produces of China's urban restaurant trade and frying oil are above 5,000,000 tons.These waste vegetable oil or the unprocessed direct row city's outfall sewer net of going down town, serious environment pollution; Recycled by some restaurants, appear at once more in a person sponging on an aristocrat's the plate.The former pollutes to add waste, and the latter then murders for one's money, does not all have to realize effective utilization of " sewer oil ".If " sewer oil " is converted into biofuel, both met the target of recycling economy, realize the doulbe-sides' victory of environmental protection and social benefit again.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of sewer oil esterification production method of bio-diesel oil of utilizing.

The technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:

A. by weight percentage, with sewer oil, an acidic catalyst and methyl alcohol according to (sewer oil: an acidic catalyst: methyl alcohol=100: 0.5-3.5: ratio 15-35), add in the reactor, temperature of reaction is controlled at 65 ℃-90 ℃, carries out 7-10 hour esterification; B. after reaction is finished, liquid is left standstill or carry out centrifugation, the upper strata is the biofuel (containing small amount of methanol) of preparation, and lower floor is glycerine and excessive methanol; C. supernatant liquid distills out residual small amount of methanol under 65 ℃ of-85 ℃ of conditions, and remaining is the biofuel crude product; D. in above-mentioned biofuel crude product, add the saturated sodium-chloride neutralization that contains soda ash 10-20% and obtain washing thick ester, add calcined soda for industry afterwards and add thermal distillation, the collection gas phase temperature is 250 ℃-350 ℃ a composition, is purified biofuel-fatty acid methyl ester.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

According to weight percent, with 100 kilograms of sewer oils, 2 kilograms of an acidic catalysts and 25 kilograms of methyl alcohol add in the reactor, and temperature of reaction is controlled at 75 ℃-80 ℃, carries out 7.5 hours esterifications; After reaction is finished, liquid was left standstill 2 hours; Supernatant liquid distills out residual small amount of methanol under 75 ℃ of conditions, add the saturated sodium-chloride neutralization that contains soda ash 15% in the remaining biofuel crude product, add calcined soda for industry afterwards and add thermal distillation, the collection gas phase temperature is 250 ℃-330 ℃ a composition, is purified biofuel-fatty acid methyl ester.

Embodiment 2:

According to weight percent, with 100 kilograms of sewer oils, 0.5 kilogram of an acidic catalyst and 35 kilograms of methyl alcohol add in the reactor, and temperature of reaction is controlled at 75 ℃-80 ℃, carries out 7.5 hours esterifications; After reaction is finished, liquid was left standstill 2 hours; Supernatant liquid distills out residual small amount of methanol under 75 ℃ of conditions, add the saturated sodium-chloride neutralization that contains soda ash 15% in the remaining biofuel crude product, add calcined soda for industry afterwards and add thermal distillation, the collection gas phase temperature is 250 ℃-330 ℃ a composition, is purified biofuel-fatty acid methyl ester.

Embodiment 3:

According to weight percent, with 100 kilograms of sewer oils, 3.5 kilograms of an acidic catalysts and 15 kilograms of methyl alcohol add in the reactor, and temperature of reaction is controlled at 75 ℃-80 ℃, carries out 7.5 hours esterifications; After reaction is finished, liquid was left standstill 2 hours; Supernatant liquid distills out residual small amount of methanol under 75 ℃ of conditions, add the saturated sodium-chloride neutralization that contains soda ash 15% in the remaining biofuel crude product, add calcined soda for industry afterwards and add thermal distillation, the collection gas phase temperature is 250 ℃-330 ℃ a composition, is purified biofuel-fatty acid methyl ester.

Claims

1. one kind is utilized the method that reclaims sewer oil production diesel oil, it is characterized in that: under the condition that an acidic catalyst exists, utilize the sewer oil and the methyl alcohol that reclaim to react, obtain fatty acid methyl ester and glycerine, through separating the higher biofuel of acquisition purity.

2. as described in the right 1, under the condition that an acidic catalyst exists, utilize the sewer oil and the methyl alcohol that reclaim to react, it is characterized in that: by weight percentage, sewer oil: an acidic catalyst: methyl alcohol=100: 0.5-3.5: 15-35.

3. as described in the right 1, under the condition that an acidic catalyst exists, utilize the sewer oil and the methyl alcohol that reclaim to react, it is characterized in that: temperature of reaction is controlled at 65 ℃-90 ℃, carries out 7-10 hour esterification.

4. as described in the right 1, under the condition that an acidic catalyst exists, utilize the sewer oil and the methyl alcohol that reclaim to react, it is characterized in that: after reaction is finished, liquid is left standstill or carry out centrifugation, the upper strata is the biofuel (containing small amount of methanol) of preparation, and lower floor is glycerine and excessive methanol.

5. as described in the right 1, under the condition that an acidic catalyst exists, utilize the sewer oil and the methyl alcohol that reclaim to react, it is characterized in that: supernatant liquid distills out residual small amount of methanol under 65 ℃ of-85 ℃ of conditions, remaining is the biofuel crude product;

6. as described in the right 1, under the condition that an acidic catalyst exists, utilize the sewer oil and the methyl alcohol that reclaim to react, it is characterized in that: in the biofuel crude product, add the saturated sodium-chloride neutralization that contains soda ash 10-20% and obtain washing thick ester, add calcined soda for industry afterwards and add thermal distillation, the collection gas phase temperature is 250 ℃-350 ℃ a composition, is purified biofuel-fatty acid methyl ester.