CN101716458A - System for trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas of coal-fired power plant and corresponding treatment method - Google Patents
System for trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas of coal-fired power plant and corresponding treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101716458A CN101716458A CN201010001164A CN201010001164A CN101716458A CN 101716458 A CN101716458 A CN 101716458A CN 201010001164 A CN201010001164 A CN 201010001164A CN 201010001164 A CN201010001164 A CN 201010001164A CN 101716458 A CN101716458 A CN 101716458A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/32—Direct CO2 mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas of coal-fired power plant, comprising an absorption tower and a regenerating tower and also comprising a regenerated gas condenser, a poor-rich liquid heat exchanger, a carbon dioxide separator and a carbon dioxide compressor. The invention also discloses a method for trapping and utilizing carbon dioxide in flue gas of coal-fired power plant. In the invention, by coordinate design of the absorption tower and regenerating tower, massive carbon dioxide gas exhausted by boiler of coal-fired power plant can be trapped, and the emission of greenhouse gas is reduced, thus protecting the environment; and in the disclosed method, the trapped carbon dioxide gas directly enters the process flow for preparing soda ash and ammonium chloride by combination system, thus carbon dioxide gas can be timely utilized, the whole production process is optimized, and consumption of carbon dioxide gas is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gas cleaning and process field, particularly a kind of trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas system also relates to a kind of trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas processing method simultaneously.
Background technology
The sharp increase of CO2 emissions, because greenhouse effects, can bring the acute variation of weather, the ecosystem and the minimizing of drinking water, can cause also simultaneously that sea level rise, land reduces and on average harm such as the temperature rises, and the CO2 emission of China coal-burning power plant accounts for about half of industrial discharge total amount, therefore, the CO2 emission of control coal-burning power plant, extremely urgent.
At present, separate with reclaim flue gas in the method for carbon dioxide mainly contain that absorption and separation, adsorbing separation, film are separated, cryogenic separation, O
2/ CO
2Burning separation etc., wherein absorption and separation method and adsorption method of separation are comparatively ripe, use more extensive.But, limited applying of coal-burning power plant's carbon dioxide discharge-reduction technology owing to also do not have business-like coal-fired plant flue gas carbon dioxide application technology as the second resource at present.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of coal-fired plant flue gas carbon dioxide trapping system that is used for capturing, this system handles efficient height, implementation result is good; The present invention simultaneously also provides a kind of coal-burning power plant collecting carbonic anhydride processing method, can realize the capture of carbon dioxide and handle integrated.
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas system, the trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas system, comprise absorption tower and regenerator, described carbon dioxide capture system also comprises regeneration gas condenser, poor rich liquid heat exchanger, carbon dioxide separator and carbon-dioxide gas compressor;
The flue gas discharge opening of coal-burning power plant links to each other with the bottom on absorption tower after boosting by air-introduced machine, flue gas moves from the bottom up, form adverse current with the ethanolamine solutions that is used for absorbing carbon dioxide of going into tower from top, absorption tower and be access to motion, form counter current contacting with the ethanolamine solutions that is used for absorbing carbon dioxide of going into tower from top, absorption tower, the flue gas that has removed carbon dioxide is discharged from the flue gas discharge opening on absorption tower, the bottom on described absorption tower is provided with the rich solution outlet, described rich solution outlet by the rich solution pump successively with the regeneration gas condenser, poor rich liquid heat exchanger is connected with regenerator, after the rich solution that has absorbed the titanium dioxide tower enters the regeneration gas condenser by the pressurization of rich solution pump, after the regeneration gas heating, enter poor rich liquid heat exchanger and lean solution heat exchange, again by entering regenerator inside behind the regenerator top shower nozzle spray, the gas outlet, top of described regenerator is connected with carbon dioxide separator with the regeneration gas condenser successively, the gas discharge outlet of described titanium dioxide column separator is connected with carbon-dioxide gas compressor, and the pressurization gas outlet of described carbon-dioxide gas compressor utilizes equipment to be connected with outside carbon dioxide.
Further, the top of described absorption cat head is provided with washing section and demister, enters atmosphere after the clean flue gas that has removed carbon dioxide is removed solution in the absorption tower upper wash and by demister;
Further, described system also comprises cleaning solution holding tank and washing liquid pump, and described cleaning solution holding tank is connected with the absorption tower, is used to store the washings that swap out from the absorption tower; Described washing liquid pump one end is connected with the cleaning solution holding tank, and the other end is connected to the washing section on absorption tower, is used for the washings in the washings holding tank are delivered to washing section.
Two of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas processing method, comprises the following steps:
1) flue gas that the coal-burning power plant is discharged enters the bottom, absorption tower through denitration, dedusting, desulfurization processing after air-introduced machine boosts to 10.0KPa;
2) flue gas moves from the bottom up, form counter current contacting with the ethanolamine solutions that is used for absorbing carbon dioxide of going into tower from top, absorption tower, the flue gas that has removed carbon dioxide is discharged from the flue gas discharge opening on absorption tower, and the rich solution that has absorbed carbon dioxide enters the gas heat-shift that comes out in regeneration gas condenser and regenerator top by the pressurization of rich solution pump;
3) rich solution behind the heat-shift enters poor rich liquid heat exchanger, after spraying, regenerator top shower nozzle enters regenerator with the lean solution heat exchange, the boiling device of regenerator bottom rises the solution vaporization, contact with rich solution and to discharge carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide is flowed out by cat head in company with a large amount of steam and small amount of ethanol amine steams, enter the rich solution heat exchange that regeneration gas condenser and rich solution pumping come, steam and monoethanolamine steam are condensed into aqueous water and send regenerator back to, and enter carbon dioxide separator by the carbon dioxide that the regeneration gas condenser is separated, in carbon dioxide separator, the lime set that gas is carried secretly is separated, carbon dioxide after the separation on carbon dioxide separator top through the washing, ultrafiltration, foam removal, be sent to carbon-dioxide gas compressor after the metering, send into associating legal system soda ash and ammonia chloride craft flow process after the supercharging; Lean solution behind the desorb carbon dioxide is flowed out by the bottom of regenerator, sends into poor rich liquid heat exchanger and rich solution and carries out heat exchange, and it is recycling that the lean solution after the heat exchange is returned the absorption tower;
Further, in step 3), described associating legal system soda ash and ammonia chloride craft flow process comprise soda ash production process and Production of Ammonium Chloride process, two processes constitute a circulatory system, by in the circulatory system, adding raw material ammonia, salt and carbon dioxide continuously, constantly produce soda ash and ammonium chloride product simultaneously;
Further, described soda ash production process is the mother liquor II that the Production of Ammonium Chloride process is sent here, inhale ammonia and become ammonia mother liquor II, by in carbonators, feeding carbon dioxide and make it cooling to ammonia mother liquor II, make sodium chloride and ammonium salt (ammonia, carbon dioxide, water reaction) among the ammonia mother liquor II change into sodium acid carbonate and ammonium chloride, then the sodium acid carbonate crystallization is leached, this moment, the mother liquor that leaches was called mother liquor I, the sodium acid carbonate crystallization that leaches send calcining light soda ash;
Described Production of Ammonium Chloride process is the mother liquor I that will obtain in the soda ash production process, after suction ammonia becomes ammonia mother liquor I, process heat exchange cooling, enter cool crystallizer and salting-out crystallizer, ammonium chloride crystals is separated out, obtain ammonium chloride product through separation, drying again, the mother liquor that leaches is ammonia mother liquor II, is sent to the soda ash production process.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the present invention arranges by the cooperation of absorption tower and regenerator, and the great amount of carbon dioxide gas that coal-fired plant boiler is discharged obtains capturing, and has reduced the discharging of greenhouse gases, the protection human environment; By the carbon dioxide that captures is directly introduced associating legal system soda ash and ammonia chloride craft flow process, make carbon dioxide can in time obtain utilizing simultaneously, optimized integral production technology, reduced the loss of carbon dioxide;
2. by regeneration gas condenser and poor rich liquid heat exchanger rich solution is carried out twice heating before entering regenerator, thereby reduced the energy loss of system, also help the fast desorption of carbon dioxide in the rich solution;
3. system architecture compactness of the present invention, good separating effect, reasonable, the instant effect of flow setting are fit to promote the use of.
Other advantages of the present invention, target and feature will be set forth to a certain extent in the following description, and to a certain extent, based on being conspicuous to those skilled in the art, perhaps can obtain instruction from the practice of the present invention to investigating hereinafter.Target of the present invention and other advantages can realize and obtain by following specification and claims.
Description of drawings
In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a trapping system structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is associating legal system soda ash and ammonia chloride craft schematic flow sheet.
The specific embodiment
Hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment only for the present invention is described, rather than in order to limit protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas of the present invention system comprises absorption tower 1 and regenerator 4, regeneration gas condenser 2, poor rich liquid heat exchanger 3, carbon dioxide separator 6 and carbon-dioxide gas compressor;
The flue gas discharge opening of coal-burning power plant links to each other with the bottom on absorption tower 1 after boosting by air-introduced machine, flue gas moves from the bottom up, the ethanolamine solutions that is used for absorbing carbon dioxide of going into tower with 1 top from the absorption tower forms counter current contacting, be provided with washing section and demister at the top that absorbs cat head, enter atmosphere after the clean flue gas that has removed carbon dioxide is removed solution in the absorption tower upper wash and by demister.Native system also comprises cleaning solution holding tank 6 and washing liquid pump 7, and cleaning solution holding tank 6 is connected with absorption tower 1, is used to store 1 washings that swap out from the absorption tower; Washing liquid pump 7 one ends are connected with the cleaning solution holding tank, and the other end is connected to the washing section on absorption tower 1, is used for the washings in the washings holding tank 6 are delivered to washing section.
The bottom on absorption tower 1 is provided with the rich solution outlet, the rich solution outlet by the rich solution pump successively with regeneration gas condenser 2, poor rich liquid heat exchanger 3 is connected with regenerator 4, after the rich solution that has absorbed the titanium dioxide tower enters regeneration gas condenser 2 by the pressurization of rich solution pump, after the regeneration gas heating, enter poor rich liquid heat exchanger 3 and lean solution heat exchange, again by entering regenerator 1 inside behind the regenerator 1 top shower nozzle spray, the gas outlet, top of regenerator 1 is connected with carbon dioxide separator 3 with regeneration gas condenser 2 successively, the gas discharge outlet of titanium dioxide column separator 3 is connected with carbon-dioxide gas compressor, and the pressurization gas outlet of carbon-dioxide gas compressor utilizes equipment to be connected with outside carbon dioxide.
The principle of absorption portion is that the employing liquid solution optionally removes the gas part (being carbon dioxide) that is dissolved in absorption liquid easily in flue gas, flue gas passes through desulphurization denitration, after the dedusting, in tower, do reverse the contact by blower fan by entering with absorption liquid from top to down below the absorption tower, gas leaves the absorption tower after finishing dealing with, enter washing section then, moisture that carries in the gas and lyosoption can remove and send back to the absorption tower from gas, the gas that leaves the absorption tower is discharged in the atmosphere, the absorbent solution that has absorbed carbon dioxide enters regenerator, remove the carbon dioxide in the solution and obtain regeneration.
Regenerative process is steam and rich solution heat exchange in regenerator, after discharging, the carbon dioxide of rich solution become lean solution, lean solution and steam enter flash tank, most of steam returns regenerator, it is recycling that lean solution is returned the absorption tower, and born again carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide separator, after the realization gas-liquid separation, carbon dioxide compresses by carbon-dioxide gas compressor again, so that next step application.
The principle that the present invention removes carbon dioxide is to utilize alkaline absorbent solution to contact concurrent biochemical reaction with carbon dioxide in the flue gas, form unsettled salt, and salt under certain conditions can reverse decomposition release of carbon dioxide and regenerate, thereby reaches the purpose that the carbon dioxide in the flue gas is separated.
Trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas processing method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1) flue gas that the coal-burning power plant is discharged enters the bottom, absorption tower through denitration, dedusting, desulfurization processing after air-introduced machine boosts to 10.0KPa;
2) flue gas moves from the bottom up, form counter current contacting with the ethanolamine solutions that is used for absorbing carbon dioxide of going into tower from top, absorption tower, the flue gas that has removed carbon dioxide is discharged from the flue gas discharge opening on absorption tower, and the rich solution that has absorbed carbon dioxide enters the gas heat-shift that comes out in regeneration gas condenser and regenerator top by the pressurization of rich solution pump;
3) rich solution behind the heat-shift enters poor rich liquid heat exchanger, after spraying, regenerator top shower nozzle enters regenerator with the lean solution heat exchange, the boiling device of regenerator bottom rises the solution vaporization, contact with rich solution and to discharge carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide is flowed out by cat head in company with a large amount of steam and small amount of ethanol amine steams, enter the rich solution heat exchange that regeneration gas condenser and rich solution pumping come, steam and monoethanolamine steam are condensed into aqueous water and send regenerator back to, and enter carbon dioxide separator by the carbon dioxide that the regeneration gas condenser is separated, in carbon dioxide separator, the lime set that gas is carried secretly is separated, carbon dioxide after the separation on carbon dioxide separator top through the washing, ultrafiltration, foam removal, be sent to carbon-dioxide gas compressor after the metering, send into associating legal system soda ash and ammonia chloride craft flow process after the supercharging; Lean solution behind the desorb carbon dioxide is flowed out by the bottom of regenerator, sends into poor rich liquid heat exchanger and rich solution and carries out heat exchange, and it is recycling that the lean solution after the heat exchange is returned the absorption tower.
In step 3), associating legal system soda ash and ammonia chloride craft flow process comprise soda ash production process and Production of Ammonium Chloride process, two processes constitute a circulatory system, by add raw material ammonia, salt and carbon dioxide continuously in the circulatory system, constantly produce soda ash and ammonium chloride product simultaneously;
Wherein, the soda ash production process is the mother liquor II that the Production of Ammonium Chloride process is sent here, inhale ammonia and become ammonia mother liquor II, by in carbonators, feeding carbon dioxide and make it cooling to ammonia mother liquor II, make sodium chloride and ammonium salt (ammonia, carbon dioxide, water reaction) among the ammonia mother liquor II change into sodium acid carbonate and ammonium chloride, then the sodium acid carbonate crystallization is leached, this moment, the mother liquor that leaches was called mother liquor I, the sodium acid carbonate crystallization that leaches send calcining light soda ash;
The Production of Ammonium Chloride process is the mother liquor I that will obtain in the soda ash production process, after suction ammonia becomes ammonia mother liquor I, process heat exchange cooling, enter cool crystallizer and salting-out crystallizer, ammonium chloride crystals is separated out, obtain ammonium chloride product through separation, drying again, the mother liquor that leaches is ammonia mother liquor II, is sent to the soda ash production process.
Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the aim and the scope of the technical program, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas system comprises absorption tower and regenerator, it is characterized in that: described carbon dioxide capture system also comprises regeneration gas condenser, poor rich liquid heat exchanger, carbon dioxide separator and carbon-dioxide gas compressor;
The flue gas discharge opening of coal-burning power plant links to each other with the bottom on absorption tower after boosting by air-introduced machine, flue gas moves from the bottom up, form counter current contacting with the ethanolamine solutions that is used for absorbing carbon dioxide of going into tower from top, absorption tower, the flue gas that has removed carbon dioxide is discharged from the flue gas discharge opening on absorption tower, the bottom on described absorption tower is provided with the rich solution outlet, described rich solution outlet by the rich solution pump successively with the regeneration gas condenser, poor rich liquid heat exchanger is connected with regenerator, after the rich solution that has absorbed the titanium dioxide tower enters the regeneration gas condenser by the pressurization of rich solution pump, after the regeneration gas heating, enter poor rich liquid heat exchanger and lean solution heat exchange, again by entering regenerator inside behind the regenerator top shower nozzle spray, the gas outlet, top of described regenerator is connected with carbon dioxide separator with the regeneration gas condenser successively, the gas discharge outlet of described titanium dioxide column separator is connected with carbon-dioxide gas compressor, and the pressurization gas outlet of described carbon-dioxide gas compressor utilizes equipment to be connected with outside carbon dioxide.
2. trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: the top of described absorption cat head is provided with washing section and demister, enters atmosphere after the clean flue gas that has removed carbon dioxide is removed solution in the absorption tower upper wash and by demister.
3. trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas according to claim 2 system, it is characterized in that: described system also comprises cleaning solution holding tank and washing liquid pump, described cleaning solution holding tank is connected with the absorption tower, is used to store the washings that swap out from the absorption tower; Described washing liquid pump one end is connected with the cleaning solution holding tank, and the other end is connected to the washing section on absorption tower, is used for the washings in the washings holding tank are delivered to washing section.
4. the trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas processing method is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) flue gas that the coal-burning power plant is discharged enters the bottom, absorption tower through denitration, dedusting, desulfurization processing after air-introduced machine boosts to 10.0KPa;
2) flue gas moves from the bottom up, form counter current contacting with the ethanolamine solutions that is used for absorbing carbon dioxide of going into tower from top, absorption tower, the flue gas that has removed carbon dioxide is discharged from the flue gas discharge opening on absorption tower, and the rich solution that has absorbed carbon dioxide enters the gas heat-shift that comes out in regeneration gas condenser and regenerator top by the pressurization of rich solution pump;
3) rich solution behind the heat-shift enters poor rich liquid heat exchanger, after spraying, regenerator top shower nozzle enters regenerator with the lean solution heat exchange, the boiling device of regenerator bottom rises the solution vaporization, contact with rich solution and to discharge carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide is flowed out by cat head in company with a large amount of steam and small amount of ethanol amine steams, enter the rich solution heat exchange that regeneration gas condenser and rich solution pumping come, steam and monoethanolamine steam are condensed into aqueous water and send regenerator back to, and enter carbon dioxide separator by the carbon dioxide that the regeneration gas condenser is separated, in carbon dioxide separator, the lime set that gas is carried secretly is separated, carbon dioxide after the separation on carbon dioxide separator top through the washing, ultrafiltration, foam removal, be sent to carbon-dioxide gas compressor after the metering, send into associating legal system soda ash and ammonia chloride craft flow process after the supercharging; Lean solution behind the desorb carbon dioxide is flowed out by the bottom of regenerator, sends into poor rich liquid heat exchanger and rich solution and carries out heat exchange, and it is recycling that the lean solution after the heat exchange is returned the absorption tower.
5. trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas processing method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: in step 3), described associating legal system soda ash and ammonia chloride craft flow process comprise soda ash production process and Production of Ammonium Chloride process, two processes constitute a circulatory system, by in the circulatory system, adding raw material ammonia, salt and carbon dioxide continuously, constantly produce soda ash and ammonium chloride product simultaneously.
6. trapping carbon dioxide in flue gas processing method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described soda ash production process is the mother liquor II that the Production of Ammonium Chloride process is sent here, inhale ammonia and become ammonia mother liquor II, by in carbonators, feeding carbon dioxide and make it cooling to ammonia mother liquor II, make sodium chloride and ammonium salt among the ammonia mother liquor II change into sodium acid carbonate and ammonium chloride, then the sodium acid carbonate crystallization is leached, this moment, the mother liquor that leaches was called mother liquor I, the sodium acid carbonate crystallization that leaches send calcining light soda ash;
Described Production of Ammonium Chloride process is the mother liquor I that will obtain in the soda ash production process, after suction ammonia becomes ammonia mother liquor I, process heat exchange cooling, enter cool crystallizer and salting-out crystallizer, ammonium chloride crystals is separated out, obtain ammonium chloride product through separation, drying again, the mother liquor that leaches is ammonia mother liquor II, is sent to the soda ash production process.
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| CN101890284A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-11-24 | 胜利油田胜利勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Method and device for obtaining CO2 from discharged gas fume |
| CN102133499A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-07-27 | 杨东 | System and method for trapping acid gas in smoke |
| CN102160505A (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2011-08-24 | 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 | Method and system for providing carbon dioxide and heat for greenhouse |
| CN102351219A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2012-02-15 | 张志广 | Carbon dioxide removal method of combined alkali making method |
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