CN101714414A - Radioactive decontamination process for martensitic stainless steel - Google Patents
Radioactive decontamination process for martensitic stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101714414A CN101714414A CN200910207189A CN200910207189A CN101714414A CN 101714414 A CN101714414 A CN 101714414A CN 200910207189 A CN200910207189 A CN 200910207189A CN 200910207189 A CN200910207189 A CN 200910207189A CN 101714414 A CN101714414 A CN 101714414A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a radioactive decontamination process for martensitic stainless steel. The process comprises the following steps: (1) soaking a radioactive contaminated component by using oxidizing solution; (2) soaking the oxidized radioactive contaminated component by using deionized water; (3) soaking the radioactive contaminated component by using reducing solution; and (4) soaking the reduced radioactive contaminated component by using the deionized water. In the decontamination process, the reaction temperature is between 62 and 68 DEG C; the reducing solution used in the step (3) is mixed solution of oxalic acid and citric acid, and then, an alkaline reagent, namely solution of sodium hydroxide is added into the mixed solution; and pH value of the solution is adjusted to be between 4.2 and 4.5, and the solution is mixed uniformly, wherein the mass percentage of the oxalic acid is between 0.2 and 0.4 percent, the mass percentage of the citric acid is between 0.2 and 0.4 percent, and the mass percentage of the solution of sodium hydroxide is between 0.2 and 0.4 percent. The process greatly reduces the degree of radioactive decontamination of the martensitic stainless steel component, ensures the component can be used repeatedly, ensures body health of related staff, and effective reduces generation of radioactive waste.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radioactive decontamination in the nuclear field, be specially the radioactive decontamination process of a kind of stainless steel (martensite).
Background technology
In the overhaul of the equipments that relates to the nuclear field, usually occur various by alpha-contamination parts of stainless steel.These pollutants are at High Temperature High Pressure (560～600K; 15.5MPa) form under the condition.In order to reduce alpha-contamination accumulative total, diffusion and effectively to reduce maintainer's radioactive dose, need carry out the radioactive decontamination operation to these parts, also need guarantee the intact multiplexing of these parts simultaneously.
Stainless radioactive decontamination process has multiple, (Chinese patent application number: be exactly a kind of technology relatively more commonly used 200710123096.0), this technology can be removed the radioactive pollutant under the various conditions efficiently as " a kind of ultrasonic/chemical united pollution-removing technology and equipment thereof ".
But the stainless steel model is numerous, and chemical composition and character respectively have characteristics especially, and martensitic stain less steel also is wherein to use kind comparatively widely.Above related patent is to being that the austenitic stainless steel clean effect of representative is pretty good with 316L, but for martensitic stain less steel, directly use and produced serious consequence: be violent by the reaction of the weak acid reductive agent (oxalic acid and citric acid) in decontamination material and the above-mentioned decontamination process patent, form fine and close ferric carboxylate complex compound on its surface rapidly, not only reduce clean effect greatly, and cause not reusable of parts.
Along with the development of China's nuclear power cause, need a kind of radioactive decontamination process badly to martensitic stain less steel.In addition, because the susceptibility of process object, the requirement of new treatment process also than higher, is mainly contained: do not introduce new chemical reagent; Must definitely guarantee the intact multiplexing of parts material; The staff is not increased the radiation risk; Do not increase the radioactive waste that needs processing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of radioactive decontamination process of martensitic stain less steel, it can effectively remove martensitic stainless steel face radioactive contamination, and the equipment of assurance substrate surface is not destroyed.
Realize the technical scheme of the object of the invention: a kind of radioactive decontamination process of martensitic stain less steel, this technology comprises the steps:
(1) soak the radioactive contamination parts with oxidizing solution, under the ultrasound wave effect, the oxidation removal radioactive contamination;
(2) with the radioactive contamination parts after the deionized water immersion oxidation, under the ultrasound wave effect, oxidation detergent, pollutant and impurity residual on the decontamination parts are treated in rinsing;
(3) soak the radioactive contamination parts with reducing solution, under the ultrasound wave effect, radioactive contamination is removed in reduction;
(4) with the radioactive contamination parts behind the deionized water soaking and reducing, under the ultrasound wave effect, the rinsing parts, and propose to drain;
The temperature of reaction of above-mentioned decontamination process is at 62～68 ℃; The used reducing solution of step (3) is the mixed solution of oxalic acid and citric acid, adds alkaline reagent then in this mixed solution: sodium hydroxide solution, regulate pH value to 4.2～4.5, and mix; Wherein, the mass percent 0.2%～0.4% of oxalic acid; The mass percent 0.2%～0.4% of citric acid; The mass percent 0.2%～0.4% of sodium hydroxide solution.
The radioactive decontamination process of aforesaid a kind of martensitic stain less steel, its described oxidizing solution is the mixed solution of NaOH and potassium permanganate, wherein, the mass percent 0.3%～0.4% of NaOH, the mass percent 0.3%～0.4% of potassium permanganate.
The radioactive decontamination process of aforesaid a kind of martensitic stain less steel, its step (1) is described soaks the radioactive contamination parts with oxidizing solution, and the reaction time is 2～4 hours; Step (2) is described soaks the radioactive contamination parts with acidic reduction solution, and the reaction time is 0.5～2 hour.
The radioactive decontamination process of aforesaid a kind of martensitic stain less steel, ultrasonic frequency is at 25～30kHz in its described decontamination process, and ultrasonic power density is at 15～20W/cm
2
Effect of the present invention is:
The present invention is directed to the defective of existing patented technology, develop a kind of decontamination process of martensitic stain less steel the radioactive contamination decontamination process of martensitic stain less steel.Technology of the present invention is being given full play to original patent (Chinese patent application number: 200710123096.0) in the best decontamination usefulness, it is gone back original formulation carried out fruitful change, in acidic reduction solution, add alkaline reagent, and reduced temperature of reaction.It has not only slowed down the reduction reaction process, makes reduction reaction controlled, has ensured by the material of decontamination fine and close reductibility ferric carboxylate complex compound not occur, makes and treats that the decontamination parts can be intact multiplexing; In addition the high decontamination factor of low burn into of this technology, do not introduce new characteristics such as chemical substance, make this decontamination process possessed safety, efficient, need the less characteristic of radioactive waste amount handled.In addition, the present invention compares with original patent, has reduced the decontamination temperature of reaction, has shortened the decontamination time significantly, has saved financial cost very effectively.This technology will reduce the radioactive contamination degree of martensitic stain less steel parts greatly and guarantee that it is reusable, guarantee the healthy of related work personnel, effectively reduce the generation of radioactive waste.
Embodiment
Be further described below in conjunction with the radioactive decontamination process of specific embodiment a kind of martensitic stain less steel of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The radioactive decontamination process of a kind of martensitic stain less steel of the present invention, its step is as follows:
(1) soak the radioactive contamination parts with oxidizing solution, under the ultrasound wave effect, the oxidation removal radioactive contamination, the reaction time is 3 hours; Described oxidizing solution is the mixed solution of NaOH and potassium permanganate, wherein, and the mass percent 0.4% of NaOH, the mass percent 0.4% of potassium permanganate
(2) with the radioactive contamination parts after the deionized water immersion oxidation, under the ultrasound wave effect, oxidation detergent, pollutant and impurity residual on the decontamination parts are treated in rinsing, react 0.5 hour;
(3) soak the radioactive contamination parts with reducing solution, under the ultrasound wave effect, radioactive contamination is removed in reduction, and the reaction time is 0.5 hour; Used reducing solution is the mixed solution of oxalic acid and citric acid, adds alkaline reagent then in this mixed solution: NaOH, regulate pH value to 4.25, and mix; Wherein, the mass percent 0.2% of oxalic acid, the mass percent 0.2% of citric acid, the mass percent 0.2% of NaOH.
(4) with the radioactive contamination parts behind the deionized water soaking and reducing, under the ultrasound wave effect, the rinsing parts reacted 0.5 hour, and proposed to drain;
Wherein the pacing items of decontamination process is: ultrasonic frequency 30kHz, ultrasonic power density 20W/cm
2, decontaminating solution consumption 3m
3(parts are bigger), temperature is controlled at 65 ℃ during decontamination.
Embodiment 2
The radioactive decontamination process of a kind of martensitic stain less steel of the present invention, its step is as follows:
(1) soak the radioactive contamination parts with oxidizing solution, under the ultrasound wave effect, the oxidation removal radioactive contamination, the reaction time is 4 hours; Described oxidizing solution is the mixed solution of NaOH and potassium permanganate, wherein, and the mass percent 0.35% of NaOH, the mass percent 0.35% of potassium permanganate
(2) with the radioactive contamination parts after the deionized water immersion oxidation, under the ultrasound wave effect, oxidation detergent, pollutant and impurity residual on the decontamination parts are treated in rinsing, react 0.5 hour;
(3) soak the radioactive contamination parts with reducing solution, under the ultrasound wave effect, radioactive contamination is removed in reduction, and the reaction time is 1 hour; Used reducing solution is the mixed solution of oxalic acid and citric acid, adds alkali then and regulate pH value to 4.45 in this mixed solution, mixes; Wherein, the mass percent 0.3% of oxalic acid, the mass percent 0.3% of citric acid, sodium hydroxide solution mass percent 0.3%.
(4) with the radioactive contamination parts behind the deionized water soaking and reducing, under the ultrasound wave effect, the rinsing parts reacted 0.5 hour, and proposed to drain;
Wherein the pacing items of decontamination process is: ultrasonic frequency 25kHz, ultrasonic power density 15W/cm
2, decontaminating solution consumption 0.1m
3(parts are less), temperature is controlled at 68 ℃ during decontamination.
Embodiment 3
The radioactive decontamination process of a kind of martensitic stain less steel of the present invention, its step is as follows:
(1) soak the radioactive contamination parts with oxidizing solution, under the ultrasound wave effect, the oxidation removal radioactive contamination, the reaction time is 4 hours; Described oxidizing solution is the mixed solution of NaOH and potassium permanganate, wherein, and the mass percent 0.3% of NaOH, the mass percent 0.3%. of potassium permanganate
(2) with the radioactive contamination parts after the deionized water immersion oxidation, under the ultrasound wave effect, oxidation detergent, pollutant and impurity residual on the decontamination parts are treated in rinsing, react 0.5 hour;
(3) soak the radioactive contamination parts with reducing solution, under the ultrasound wave effect, radioactive contamination is removed in reduction, and the reaction time is 1.5 hours; Used reducing solution is the mixed solution of oxalic acid and citric acid, adds alkali then and regulate pH value to 4.50 in this mixed solution, mixes; Wherein, the mass percent 0.4% of oxalic acid, the mass percent 0.4% of citric acid, the mass percent 0.4% of sodium hydroxide solution.
(4) with the radioactive contamination parts behind the deionized water soaking and reducing, under the ultrasound wave effect, the rinsing parts reacted 0.5 hour, and proposed to drain;
Wherein the pacing items of decontamination process is: ultrasonic frequency 25kHz, ultrasonic power density 20W/cm
2, decontaminating solution consumption 2m
3(parts are bigger), temperature is controlled between 62 ℃ during decontamination.
Embodiment 4
The radioactive decontamination process of a kind of martensitic stain less steel of the present invention, its step is as follows:
(1) soak the radioactive contamination parts with oxidizing solution, under the ultrasound wave effect, the oxidation removal radioactive contamination, the reaction time is 3 hours; Described oxidizing solution is the mixed solution of NaOH and potassium permanganate, wherein, and the mass percent 0.4% of NaOH, the mass percent 0.4% of potassium permanganate
(2) with the radioactive contamination parts after the deionized water immersion oxidation, under the ultrasound wave effect, oxidation detergent, pollutant and impurity residual on the decontamination parts are treated in rinsing, react 0.5 hour;
(3) soak the radioactive contamination parts with reducing solution, under the ultrasound wave effect, radioactive contamination is removed in reduction, and the reaction time is 2 hours; Used reducing solution is the mixed solution of oxalic acid and citric acid, adds alkali then and regulate pH value to 4.47 in this mixed solution, mixes; Wherein, the mass percent 0.4% of oxalic acid, the mass percent 0.4% of citric acid, the mass percent 0.4% of sodium hydroxide solution.
(4) with the radioactive contamination parts behind the deionized water soaking and reducing, under the ultrasound wave effect, the rinsing parts reacted 0.5 hour, and proposed to drain;
Wherein the pacing items of decontamination process is: ultrasonic frequency 30kHz, ultrasonic power density 15W/cm
2, decontaminating solution consumption 0.5m
3, temperature is controlled at 65 ℃ during decontamination.
Adopt technology of the present invention that alpha-contamination martensitic stain less steel is carried out the decontamination checking, the result shows: (1) this technology is to base material. and corrosion depth is less than 100nm; (2) by alpha-contamination parts before decontamination: surface contamination level 10
3～10
5Bq/cm
2, contact agent dose rate 10～40mSv/h; After the decontamination: surface contamination level 1～40Bq/cm
2, contact agent dose rate 100～800 μ Sv/h; Decontamination factor DF=10
3, DRRF=50～100; (3) chemical agent concentration 0.2～0.4% in the technical recipe is not used new chemical substance, needs the radioactive waste amount of processing very little.
Claims (4)
1. the radioactive decontamination process of a martensitic stain less steel, this technology comprises the steps:
(1) soak the radioactive contamination parts with oxidizing solution, under the ultrasound wave effect, the oxidation removal radioactive contamination;
(2) with the radioactive contamination parts after the deionized water immersion oxidation, under the ultrasound wave effect, oxidation detergent, pollutant and impurity residual on the decontamination parts are treated in rinsing;
(3) soak the radioactive contamination parts with reducing solution, under the ultrasound wave effect, radioactive contamination is removed in reduction;
(4) with the radioactive contamination parts behind the deionized water soaking and reducing, under the ultrasound wave effect, the rinsing parts, and propose to drain;
It is characterized in that: the temperature of reaction of above-mentioned decontamination process is at 62～68 ℃; The used reducing solution of step (3) is the mixed solution of oxalic acid and citric acid, adds alkaline reagent then in this mixed solution: sodium hydroxide solution, regulate pH value to 4.2～4.5, and mix; Wherein, the mass percent 0.2%～0.4% of oxalic acid; The mass percent 0.2%～0.4% of citric acid; The mass percent 0.2%～0.4% of sodium hydroxide solution.
2. the radioactive decontamination process of a kind of martensitic stain less steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described oxidizing solution is the mixed solution of NaOH and potassium permanganate, wherein, the mass percent 0.3%～0.4% of NaOH, the mass percent 0.3%～0.4% of potassium permanganate.
3. the radioactive decontamination process of a kind of martensitic stain less steel according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: step (1) is described soaks the radioactive contamination parts with oxidizing solution, and the reaction time is 2～4 hours; Step (2) is described soaks the radioactive contamination parts with acidic reduction solution, and the reaction time is 0.5～2 hour.
4. the radioactive decontamination process of a kind of martensitic stain less steel according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: ultrasonic frequency is at 25～30kHz in the described decontamination process, and ultrasonic power density is at 15～20W/cm
2
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| CN200910207189A CN101714414A (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2009-11-13 | Radioactive decontamination process for martensitic stainless steel |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103805750A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2014-05-21 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Fluxing agent used for smelting decontamination of uranium-contaminated carbon steel or stainless steel |
| CN104389011A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-04 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Electrochemical decontamination electrolyte |
| CN106158060A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-11-23 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | A kind of ultrasonic electrolysis automated decontamination system removing radioactive surface contamination |
| CN106548819A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2017-03-29 | 大亚湾核电运营管理有限责任公司 | The recycling method of the radioactive pollution scrap iron and steel that PWR nuclear power plant is produced |
| CN108560003A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-09-21 | 绵阳科大久创科技有限公司 | A kind of metal surface radioactive pollution detergent and its application method |
| CN109390068A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-26 | 广东核电合营有限公司 | The recycling method of nuclear power plant's iodine adsorber shell |
| CN109530328A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-29 | 浙江博凡动力装备股份有限公司 | A kind of reactor coolant pump ultrasonic wave soil removal device |
| CN112700900A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-23 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Method for cleaning radioactive deposition oxide of zinc injection reactor component |
| CN113737191A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-12-03 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Decontamination method of low-carbon martensite nickel-chromium stainless steel |
| CN113990541A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-01-28 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Method for removing radioactive contamination deposited oxide |
-
2009
- 2009-11-13 CN CN200910207189A patent/CN101714414A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103805750A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2014-05-21 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Fluxing agent used for smelting decontamination of uranium-contaminated carbon steel or stainless steel |
| CN104389011A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-04 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Electrochemical decontamination electrolyte |
| CN104389011B (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2017-01-18 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Electrochemical decontamination electrolyte |
| CN106548819A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2017-03-29 | 大亚湾核电运营管理有限责任公司 | The recycling method of the radioactive pollution scrap iron and steel that PWR nuclear power plant is produced |
| CN106548819B (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2018-04-27 | 大亚湾核电运营管理有限责任公司 | The recycling method for the radioactive pollution scrap iron and steel that PWR nuclear power plant produces |
| CN106158060A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-11-23 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | A kind of ultrasonic electrolysis automated decontamination system removing radioactive surface contamination |
| CN109390068A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-26 | 广东核电合营有限公司 | The recycling method of nuclear power plant's iodine adsorber shell |
| CN108560003A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-09-21 | 绵阳科大久创科技有限公司 | A kind of metal surface radioactive pollution detergent and its application method |
| CN109530328A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-29 | 浙江博凡动力装备股份有限公司 | A kind of reactor coolant pump ultrasonic wave soil removal device |
| CN112700900A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-23 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Method for cleaning radioactive deposition oxide of zinc injection reactor component |
| CN113737191A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-12-03 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Decontamination method of low-carbon martensite nickel-chromium stainless steel |
| CN113990541A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-01-28 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Method for removing radioactive contamination deposited oxide |
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Open date: 20100526 |