CN101714182A - Integration method of collaborating assembly design, process planning and simulation verification of complicated product - Google Patents
Integration method of collaborating assembly design, process planning and simulation verification of complicated product Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an integration method of collaborating the assembly design, the process planning and the simulation verification of a complicated product, belonging to the research contents of a modern manufacture integration technology in the technical field of advanced manufacture. The invention provides technical methods and decision supports for remotely collaborating the assembly design, the analysis estimation, the planning optimization and the assembly process simulation of the complicated product, stimulates the organic integration of the assembly design and the assembly process, comprehensively utilizes a digital design and manufacture technology, a network technology and an artificial intelligence technology and provides the method for collaborating a human-computer collaboration working mode and a human-human collaboration working mode and collaborating the assembly design, the analysis estimation, the planning optimization the assembly simulation of the complicated product and finally realizes the multi-subject collaborative optimization design of the product-developing process. To a certain degree, the invention solves the problem of difficulty for collaborating and integrating the assembly design, the process planning and the simulation verification of the complicated product and provides an effective path for closely integrating the assembly design and the assembly process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the collaborative trim designs of a kind of complex product, evaluation analysis, plan optimization and simulating, verifying integrated approach, belong to the modern research contents of making integrated technology in advanced manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
The development of complex product is a very complicated system engineering, need working in coordination with between multidisciplinary, multi-field, multidisciplinary even the multiple enterprises, it is developed multistage often, estimates the work of checking repeatedly, and is the bottleneck that complex product is developed towards the collaborative and integration problem in each stage such as collaborative design, evaluation analysis, plan optimization and simulating, verifying of complex product assembling always.How to fully utilize product Design of digital and manufacturing technology, network technology, artificial intelligence technology etc. and realize trim designs optimization of complex product strange land and assembling process optimization, be the focus and the difficult point of numerous scholars and industry member research always.
At present, aspect satellite, aircraft and other Complex Mechatronic Products trim designs, all realized Design of digital basically, but based on network collaborative design is scarcely out of swaddling-clothes, seating surface is to the complex product co-development of assembling effectively.Though national governments and enterprise and related scientific research institutes have carried out the research and the practice of " concurrent engineering ", " lean manufacturing " and projects such as " collaborative design and manufacturings ", the achievement that obtains can't satisfy the demand of the collaborative trim designs of complex product.The strange land product development personnel that develop into of network technology, artificial intelligence technology and virtual mounting technology from many-side research complex products such as how much, physics, process assembling relevant issues with change the at present relative complex product development mode that falls behind new approach be provided, the networked coordination trim designs will become following main development trend.At present, part scholar will combine towards certain two parts of collaborative design, evaluation analysis, planning and the optimization of complex product assembling and simulating, verifying and study, but all will work in coordination with trim designs, evaluation analysis, planning and optimization and the fully-integrated also discovery as yet of research of simulating, verifying.
Summary of the invention
Be difficult to guarantee and problem such as efficiency of assembling is low towards collaborative design difficulty, assembly process planning difficulty, the assembly quality of assembling for solving complex product, proposed the collaborative trim designs of a kind of based on network complex product, evaluation analysis, plan optimization and simulating, verifying integrated approach, this method is made up of with optimization and collaborative assembling process emulation four parts collaborative trim designs, assembling evaluation analysis, collaborative assembling planning.Under the support of this method, product development personnel in strange land are according to existing knowledge and experience collaborative trim designs, evaluation analysis, plan optimization and assembly simulation task of finishing complex product in shared working space.
This method supports the deviser to work in coordination with trim designs, assembling evaluation analysis, assembling plan optimization and assembling process emulation intuitively under network environment and virtual environment technology and management effective integration.Collaborative trim designs specifically comprises the interpolation parts, definition Engineering Semantics and physical dimension; Collaborative assembling evaluation analysis support comprises the assembling evaluation of Element Design, sub-assemblies and product three-decker; Collaborative assembling planning adopts multiple intelligent optimization algorithm to support assembly unit to decompose and merge with optimizing, and the intelligent algorithm storehouse of integrated four kinds of optimized Algorithm provides effective support for the optimization of assembling sequence; Collaborative assembling process emulation is supported the strange land personnel to carry out the checking of assembling process feasibility under virtual environment and is generated the assembling sequence of realistic matching requirements.
The present invention provides a kind of novel methods of product development that integrates collaborative design, evaluation analysis, plan optimization and simulating, verifying towards the complex product assembling for trim designs personnel, assembly process planning personnel and assembly simulation personnel etc., give full play to " the gunz efforts of everyone " solve a complex product exploitation difficult problem in shared working space positive role, provide a valid approach for realizing the collaborative trim designs of complex product, process planning and simulating, verifying.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the workflow of collaborative trim designs, process planning and simulating, verifying integrated approach of complex product of the present invention
Fig. 2 is collaborative trim designs of the present invention interface
Fig. 3 is collaborative assembling evaluation analysis of the present invention interface
Fig. 4 is that collaborative assembling planning of the present invention is consulted the interface with optimization
Fig. 5 is assembly unit planning of the present invention and assembling sequence merge algorithm runnable interface
Fig. 6 is an intelligence assembling sequence optimisation algorithms library runnable interface of the present invention
Fig. 7 is collaborative assembling process emulation of the present invention interface
Fig. 8 is the electromagnetic suspension rotor emulation interface that has assembled of the present invention
Embodiment
One, the workflow of collaborative trim designs, process planning and simulating, verifying integrated approach of complex product
The workflow that complex product is worked in coordination with trim designs, process planning and simulating, verifying integrated approach as shown in Figure 1.Mainly be divided into four-stage, i.e. collaborative trim designs stage, assembling capacity evaluation phase, assembling planning and optimizing phase and assembling process simulation stage.
(1) the collaborative trim designs stage:
Based on network collaborative trim designs provides a shared work space for the designer, the project leader is responsible for setting up product tree and distribution design task, the designer sets up the assembly constraint relation, adds project semantics information and product geometric information according to design objective, the assembling model that will have composite information then uploads onto the server and uses for other staff, and collaborative trim designs interface as shown in Figure 2.Particular content comprises:
(1) foundation of product tree and maintenance
The project leader improves product model information according to product function module construction product tree.This part work comprises the part inquiry, adds part, revises part and four kinds of functions of deletion part.
(2) trim designs Task Distribution
The project leader distributes to collaborative trim designs personnel according to product tree with design objective.
(3) Engineering Semantics definition
Collaborative trim designs personnel check design objective, the semantic and early stage design constraint of the assembling between the definition part.
(4) Geometric Modeling
With reference to defined assembling semanteme, the designer utilizes three dimensional CAD system (as Pro/E, UG, CATIA etc.) to carry out Element Design on this machine, then part model is converted into the VRML model and uploads onto the server.
(2) the assembling evaluation analysis stage
Part level, sub-assemblies level and three layers of appraisement system of product level are set up in based on network collaborative assembling evaluation, be evaluated as the collaborative design personnel by the product assembling capacity rational trim designs amending advice is provided, support product structure to design and determine the assembly structure of optimum again, collaborative assembling is estimated the interface as shown in Figure 3.Particular content comprises:
(1) assembling capacity evaluation
Support the assembling capacity evaluation of Element Design, the assembling capacity evaluation of sub-assemblies design and the assembling capacity evaluation of product design.At first select evaluation object, select the options such as extracting difficulty (evaluation index is mode of transport, part thickness, part symmetry, part length etc.), installation difficulty (evaluation index is insertion condition, alignment difficulty, angle limitations, hand steered situation etc.) and minimum part decision criteria of assembling then respectively, assembling evaluation result (installation time and assembly cost) is fed back to the user by evaluation algorithms.Submit evaluation result to database at last, personnel consult reference for other assembling evaluations.
(2) assembling amending advice
Except providing the evaluation informations such as installation time and assembly cost to the designer, this method also can feed back to user's design change package again according to result of calculation, and whether comprise should tool using, and whether whether assembling exists resistance, have to install to support or the like.The designer carries out product according to recommendation on improvement and designs to reach the trim designs requirement again.
(3) assembling planning and optimizing phase
Collaborative assembling planning supports the online collaborative planning of complex product assembly unit, assembling sequence optimisation and the assembling sequence finished of many people to merge task with optimization.Based on assembly constraint graph of a relation model, adopt Fuzzy AHP can realize assembly unit planning.Based on the intelligent optimization algorithm storehouse of exploitation, can realize the assembling sequence optimisation of complex product, this intelligent optimization algorithm storehouse is integrated at present genetic algorithm, particle cluster algorithm, ant group algorithm and four kinds of intelligent optimization algorithms of simulated annealing.Realize that based on planning structure tree model the assembling sequence merges, obtain the optimum assembling sequence of product by evaluation.Assembly unit planning algorithm, assembling sequence intelligent optimization algorithm and assembling sequence merge algorithm provide technical support for the collaborative assembling planning of complex product with optimization, and its collaborative assembling planning is consulted the interface as shown in Figure 4 with optimizing.Particular content comprises:
(1) assembling planning is prepared with the optimization data
Manually importing dual mode by secondary development and collaborative personnel obtains function association information, the connective stability information between assembling topological relation information, part and assembles interference information and subassembly skill information.
(2) assembly unit planning
Assembly unit planning and assembling sequence merge algorithm runnable interface are as shown in Figure 5.Assembly unit planning is divided into two stages.Phase one generates the candidate's assembly unit that satisfies product design, assembly structure and assembly technology constraint based on Fuzzy AHP; Subordinate phase generates the assembly unit that satisfies collaborative assembling planning requirement based on broad sense assembling interference detection.The generation step of candidate's assembly unit is as follows:
Step 1: deviser's definition is additional to assembly constraint index and the assembly constraint importance weight on the assembly relation;
Step 2:, adopt Fuzzy AHP (FAHP) calculating assembly relation decision value and obtain the assembly unit decision diagram according to binding target and weights;
Step 3: based on the assembly unit decision diagram, determine basic part by algorithm or deviser, the minimum of the component number upper limit, assembly relation decision value merges threshold value in assembly unit number, the assembly unit;
Step 4: adopting minimal spanning tree algorithm search assembly unit decision diagram, is starting point with the basic part, progressively merges the part that decision value surpasses setting threshold, till whole parts search finish.
In candidate's assembly unit generative process, may there be identical assembly relation decision value in a part with a plurality of basic parts (group), and need adjust this moment according to assembling planning tasks balance, to determine the final ownership of this part.
Second stage of assembly unit planning is the assembly unit interference detection, and the step of assembly unit interference detection is as follows:
Step 1: extract the assembly relation interference information according to assembling model;
Step 2: generate interference information between each assembly unit and all the other assembly units luggage of going forward side by side and join to interfere and judge;
Step 3: the assembly unit that exists assembling to interfere is repartitioned, finally determined the assembly unit of mutually noninterfere in the collaborative planning process.
Assembly unit planning also generates based on the planning structure tree of sharing assembly relation except generating assembly unit.
(3) assembling sequence optimisation
Intelligence assembling sequence optimisation algorithms library runnable interface as shown in Figure 6.Technologist and assembler are bearing oneself on the basis that the assembling planning tasks analyzes, and the optimized Algorithm, the algorithm applicability help document that provide according to algorithms library are finished the product assembling process and optimized task and obtain assembling planning, prioritization scheme.The concrete steps of intelligence assembling sequence optimisation are as follows:
Step 1: set up Optimization Model, comprise the whether part reasoning of meeting geometric constraint, local priority and stable assembling, judge the change frequency of assembly direction, assembly tool and fitting-type and the selection of basic part;
Step 2: select intelligent optimization algorithm, integrated four kinds of intelligent algorithms such as ant group algorithm, genetic algorithm, particle cluster algorithm and simulated annealing, the user can carry out freely selecting according to concrete example;
Step 3: the parameter of assembling Optimization Model is set, as assembly part number, the basic part sequence number, the assembly tool weight coefficient connects the type weight coefficient, assembly direction weight coefficient and the isoparametric selection of violation geometrical constraint penalty coefficient;
Step 4: input interference matrix information;
Step 5: input tool and connection matrix information;
Step 6: the intelligent algorithm parameter is provided with;
Step 7: calculate and the optimum assembling of output sequence.
(4) the assembling sequence merges
The assembling sequence merges on the basis be based upon assembly unit planning and assembling sequence optimisation, adopts everybody synergistic sequence to merge and merges two kinds of methods based on the man-machine coordination sequence of area of computer aided reasoning.Utilize network environment, everybody merges the assembling experience and knowledge that has made full use of the expert at synergistic sequence, discusses through consultation to generate the integral body assembling sequence that satisfies concrete matching requirements; The assembling sequence of area of computer aided reasoning merges then by the powerful reasoning and calculation ability of computing machine, generates optimum integral body assembling sequence by assembling sequence reasoning and evaluation.The evaluation of assembling sequence is based upon assembly unit and plans and assemble on the basis of the assembly constraint that Sequence Planning is considered, thereby has guaranteed that assembly unit, son assemble the consistance of sequence and integral body assembling sequence.
(4) assembling process simulation stage
Based on network collaborative assembly simulation seating surface is to the multi-person synergy assembling of the visual checking of assembling scheme, also support the strange land assembly crewman under shared virtual environment, complex product to be carried out the assembling of " exploration " property, utilize the assembling knowledge and experience to obtain the assembling sequence of more realistic matching requirements in the collaborative work mode.Work in coordination with assembling process emulation interface as shown in Figure 7, the electromagnetic suspension rotor emulation interface of Fig. 8 for having assembled.Particular content comprises:
(1) assembly simulation that assembles sequence is arranged
Based on collaborative trim designs, assembling evaluation analysis and assembling planning and optimization, obtaining to optimize under the prerequisite of assembling sequence, the multi-field personnel in strange land utilize virtual assembly environment to work in coordination with assembling, the feasibility of checking assembling sequence, and assembling sequence and product structure proposition recommendation on improvement to not satisfying matching requirements.The concrete steps of collaborative assembling are as follows:
Step 1: start virtual collaborative assembly simulation environment;
Step 2: application assembly manipulation power;
Step 3: obtain the assembling guide sequence;
Step 4: pick up part to be assembled, obtain its initial coordinate, current coordinate and finally assemble coordinate;
Step 5: input displacement, trigger pan button; When current coordinate equates with final assembling coordinate, promptly be assembled to the position;
Step 6: so circulation finishes up to all part assemblings.
(2) there is not the assembly simulation that assembles sequence
Under virtual assembly environment, the assembling knowledge and experience that makes full use of separately by the multidisciplinary assembly crewman in strange land carries out the assembling of " exploration " property to complex product, by the online assembling sequence of talking about and consulting to obtain realistic matching requirements, feed back to the assembling planning personnel, assist them to assemble planning and optimize.The concrete steps of collaborative assembling are as follows:
Step 1: start virtual collaborative assembly simulation environment;
Step 2: consulting in the environment, consulting the assembling sequencing according to knowledge and experience;
Step 3: application assembly manipulation power;
Step 4: pick up part to be assembled according to the result is discussed, obtain its initial coordinate, current coordinate and finally assemble coordinate;
Step 5: input displacement, trigger pan button; When current coordinate equates with final assembling coordinate, promptly be assembled to the position;
Step 6: return step 2 circulation like this and finish up to all parts assemblings; Obtain the assembling sequence of " exploration " property;
Step 7: feed back to assembling planning and the initial assembling of optimization personnel conduct sequence, carry out assembly unit planning and assemble sequence optimisation, the assembling sequence that is optimized by algorithm then.
Claims (2)
1. the collaborative trim designs at complex product, process planning and simulating, verifying integrated approach, described integrated approach comprise that collaborative trim designs, collaborative assembling are estimated, collaborative assembling planning and optimization and four steps of collaborative assembly simulation, it is characterized in that:
1) described collaborative trim designs realization Network Based, according to functional requirement and matching requirements, many people strange land is by the collaborative work of setting up, revising and improving the product assembling model of network technology, described collaborative trim designs is comprising the collaborative trim designs decision-making of complex product that is based upon between product design personnel, components supplying merchant, technological design personnel and even assembler's the multidisciplinary personnel of multiple enterprises on the shared basis of design resource, and described collaborative trim designs decision-making further comprises:
1. towards collaborative trim designs and process planning, polymerizable functional information, assembly structure information and assembly technology information are carried out compound assembling modeling, for follow-up assembly process planning and simulation optimization provide the information content; Utilize assembling semantic expressiveness, the simplification assembling model of network ontology language (OWL), realization critical data and information are transmitted between the Heterogeneous CAD System of strange land effectively;
2. realize comprising that the assembling degree of freedom is watched and precedence relationship analysis and complicated assembling model collaborative browse and the annotations and comments browsed are browsed and mark, assembled to annotations and comments, fabrication tolerance;
2) realization Network Based is estimated in described collaborative assembling, in the product design stage, from the angle of assembling product design scheme is worked in coordination with assembling evaluation, the amending advice that helps assembling is proposed at the assembling problem that exists, in the assembly process planning stage, various feasible assembling sequences are worked in coordination with the more excellent assembling scheme of assembling Evaluation and Selection, and described collaborative assembling evaluation specifically comprises:
1. set up assembling complicacy overall evaluation system from fit and part, assembling process and three levels of product structure towards assembly structure and assembling process;
2. set up assembly cost and installation time estimation equation;
3. set up the assembling criterion that comprises the simplification of product assembly structure, load moduleization and parallelization and assembling safety criterion;
3) described collaborative assembling planning comprises that with optimization at first the task divide-and-conquer strategy and the sequence folding of the collaborative pattern of employing are carried out complex product assembling planning, make up then and have the assembling Optimization Model of composite information, adopt intelligent optimization algorithm and Coordination Decision to finish the optimization of complex product assembling sequence jointly, described collaborative assembling planning specifically comprises with optimization:
1. assemble the planning tasks decomposition technique: comprise assembling planning tasks modeling, based on the assembling planning tasks decomposition method and the assembling planning tasks appraisal procedure of product structure and assembling resource;
2. intelligence assembling planning and optimisation technique: comprise assembling sequence (process) modeling technique, based on the assembling planning technology of assembling precedence relationship, based on assembling sequence (process) optimisation technique of intelligent algorithm;
3. based on the assembling sequence synthetic technology of local precedence relationship and Coordination Decision;
4) described collaborative assembly simulation realization Network Based, concrete function comprises:
1. based on the distributed collaborative assembly simulation technology of Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) and Java, realize strange land designer's collaborative assembling process simulating, verifying;
2. realize that the multi-field trim designs personnel in strange land, assembling evaluation personnel and assembling planning personnel plan assembling process synergistically according to its knowledge and experience, obtain more realistic assembling sequence.
2. the collaborative trim designs of complex product according to claim 1, process planning and simulating, verifying integrated approach is characterized in that specifically comprising the steps:
Step 1: start collaborative trim designs environment and distribute the trim designs task according to product tree;
Step 2: start collaborative trim designs environment, check concrete trim designs task, define the assembling semanteme between the part that lacks assembly relation;
Step 3: check the parts design information in the design objective, and the startup commercial CAD software is carried out Element Design and modification;
Step 4: the collaborative assembling of login evaluation system, finish the evaluation of Element Design assembling capacity, to in-problem part, provide amending advice, redesign part then, so circulation is till meeting the requirements;
Step 5: the part model that designs is converted to the VRML formatted file, uploads onto the server;
Step 6: after Element Design finishes, be assembled into assembly;
Step 7: start collaborative assembling planning and optimize the environment, product complexity is judged,, jump directly to step 9 if be simple assembly; Otherwise, enter step 8;
Step 8: the algorithm that provides according to collaborative assembling planning system carries out assembly unit planning to complicated assembly, generates to comprise the less assembly unit of number of parts;
Step 9: assemble sequence optimisation to simple assembly or by the assembly unit that step 8 generates, generate the assembling sequence or the son assembling sequence of product or assembly unit;
Step 10: on the basis that son assembling sequence generates, assemble sequence and merge, provide everybody mutual and two kinds of assemblings of man-machine interaction sequence merging method, generate the integral body assembling sequence of product according to the collaborative plan optimization system of assembling;
Step 11: the assembly unit, son assembling sequence and the synthetic assembling sequence that generate are published on the network, the assembling program results are got the nod and sequence is assembled in reference that generate product;
Step 12: on the basis that obtains with reference to the assembling sequence, start collaborative assembly simulation environment, carry out assembling process emulation, revise in-problem assembling sequence, generate the assembling sequence that satisfies the assembly technology requirement by man-machine interaction and everybody cooperation interaction mode.
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