CN101708071B - Method for treating tobacco stem - Google Patents
Method for treating tobacco stem Download PDFInfo
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- CN101708071B CN101708071B CN2009102657178A CN200910265717A CN101708071B CN 101708071 B CN101708071 B CN 101708071B CN 2009102657178 A CN2009102657178 A CN 2009102657178A CN 200910265717 A CN200910265717 A CN 200910265717A CN 101708071 B CN101708071 B CN 101708071B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of tobacco, and more particularly relates to a method for treating tobacco stem, comprising the steps of: soaking the tobacco stem into the mixed solution of NH3.H2O and H2O2; filtering and washing filter residue; and roasting the washed filter residue. The invention also provides the best technical condition for the treatment of the tobacco stem: the tobacco stem is soaked into the mixed solution of 1.5% of NH3.H2O and 1.0% of H2O2 for 1h at 60 DEG C; and the ratio between liquid and material is 1:10. Compared with the untreated tobacco stem, the treated tobacco stem respectively reduces the content of cell wall material, lignin and total nitrogen by 12.71%, 2.14% and 1.24%; the filling quantity is increased, and impurity gas is reduced by sensory smoking; therefore, the method not only can increase the filling quantity of the tobacco stem, but also obviously reduces the content of lingo-cellulose the smell of lignin of the tobacco stem and improves the using value thereof, thus having industrial application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of tobacco, be specifically related to a kind of method of processing tobacco leaf cut stems.
Background technology
Stems of tobacco leaves is the accessory substance of tobacco industry.China's tobacco business adds in the cigarette composition after generally stems of tobacco leaves being expanded, yet, because the main component of stems of tobacco leaves is a cell wall substance, account for more than 40%, comprise cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin etc.More low-grade aldehydes, catechol, alkyl catechol and the methyl alcohol etc. of this type pyrolytic cracking meeting output; Have a strong impact on the smoking quality of cigarette; Cause the blending proportion of expanded cut stem in cigarette composition generally little; Still have every year a large amount of stems of tobacco leaves to go out of use, cause the waste and the environmental pollution of natural resources.Therefore, utilize physics, chemistry and biotechnology degraded or remove cell wall substance, improve the stem quality, significant for the availability that improves stems of tobacco leaves.The chemical Treatment method of lignocellulose raw material has diluted acid, alkali, ozone, organic solvent and oxidation processes etc.
Acid treatment delignification weak effect, energy consumption is big, etching apparatus; Organic solvent is handled problems such as having corrosion and toxicity; Ozone treatment cost costlinesses etc. are alkali treatment and oxidation processes so use more in producing.
Zhang Weihuas etc. have been reported application urea and naoh treatment discarded tobacco leaf, have improved the odor characteristic of low-quality tobacco.Chinese patent 1694628A disclosed " method of nitrogen-containing compound and lignin in the minimizing tobacco " has provided the technical process of using naoh treatment tobacco leaf and baccy fiber raw material production reconstituted tobacco; Needing earlier the baccy fiber raw material to be extracted the back separates; Again pars fibrosa being carried out alkali oxygen handles; Separate, technology is complicated again.Above alkali treatment process is all used the naoh treatment tobacco material, is prone to bring burning sensation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art and be prone to bring the defective of burning sensation, propose a kind of preparation method with the naoh treatment stems of tobacco leaves.This preparation method is simple for process, and is satisfactory for result.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of method of processing tobacco leaf cut stems may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: with stems of tobacco leaves at NH
3H
2O and H
2O
2Mixed solution in soak;
Step 2: cross the flushing of leaching filter residue;
Step 3: the filter residue baking after will washing.
The present invention utilizes ammoniacal liquor and hydrogenperoxide steam generator immersion treatment stems of tobacco leaves under hot conditions, is intended to change its fibre structure, discharges part lignin and cellulose, and its mechanism is OH
-Can weaken the hydrogen bond between cellulose and the hemicellulose, and the ester bond between saponification hemicellulose and the lignin molecule.Alkali lye can cause the lignocellulose raw material swollen, and makes the long-pending increase of interior surface thereof, and the degree of polymerization reduces, and degree of crystallinity descends, chemical bond rupture between lignin and the carbohydrate, and lignin structure is damaged.
Preferably, ammonia concn is 0.1～4 quality % in the said mixed solution of step 1.
Preferably, H in the said mixed solution of step 1
2O
2Concentration be 0.1～3.6 volume %.
Preferably, the temperature of the said solution of step 1 is 50 ℃～90 ℃.
Preferably, the said soak time of step 1 is 0.5～3h.
The present invention also provides the optimum process condition of said method, promptly in 1.5 quality %NH3H
2O and 1.0 volume %H
2O
260 ℃ are soaked 1h down in the solution, and the stem of handling is with this understanding compared with the stem that is untreated, and cell wall substance, lignin and total nitrogen content have descended 12.71%, 2.14% and 1.24% respectively.
Preferably, the mass volume ratio of said stems of tobacco leaves of step 1 and mixed solution is counted 1: 10 with g/mL.。
Preferably, the said baking temperature of step 3 is 75 ℃-80 ℃.
Preferably, the said stoving time of step 3 is 4-6 hour.
The present invention also provides the stems of tobacco leaves according to method for preparing, and its moisture content is expressed as 11%～13% with percentage by weight.
Stems of tobacco leaves is after the method for the invention is handled, and content of lignin reduces, volumetric expansion; The filling value increases, and its fragrance, assorted gas and harmony have obtained bigger improvement, and wooden assorted gas obviously reduces; Excitant is less, does not have the larynx of burning sensation, and quality is improved significantly.
ESEM shows, undressed stems of tobacco leaves compact structure, above be coated with a thin layer (see figure 1) that forms by the herbaceous plant wax; After the method for the invention processing, the wax coat on stems of tobacco leaves surface disappears, and overall structure is still more complete, and the lines on raw material surface more approaches (see figure 2) simultaneously, shows that lignin is dissolved, and cellulose comes out.
The method of the invention both can improve the filling value of stems of tobacco leaves, can obviously reduce wood fibre cellulose content and xylon gas, the excitant of stems of tobacco leaves again, improved the odor characteristic of stems of tobacco leaves, improved the use value of stems of tobacco leaves, had prospects for commercial application.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure (1000 *) of contrast stems of tobacco leaves;
Fig. 2 is the SEM figure (1000 *) of embodiment 1 tobacco leaves treated stem.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that; Only be preferred implementation of the present invention below, for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; Can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the method for the invention processing tobacco leaf cut stems
Some parts of (10g/ part) stems are being contained 4% (mass percent) ammonia spirit and 3.6% (percent by volume) H
2O
2In the mixed solution, 90 ℃ are soaked 3h down, filter, and after filter residue washed 2 times with running water, baking 6h was 13% through detecting its moisture content under 80 ℃.
Embodiment 2: the method for the invention processing tobacco leaf cut stems
Some parts of (10g/ part) stems are being contained 0.5% (mass percent) ammonia spirit and 0.5% (percent by volume) H
2O
2In the mixed solution, 50 ℃ are soaked 0.5h down, filter, and after filter residue washed 2 times with running water, baking 4h was 11% through detecting moisture content under 80 ℃.
Embodiment 3: the method for the invention processing tobacco leaf cut stems
Some parts of (10g/ part) stems are being contained 4% (mass percent) ammonia spirit and 0.5% (percent by volume) H
2O
2In the mixed solution, 60 ℃ are soaked 1h down, filter, and after filter residue washed 2 times with running water, baking 4h was 11.5% through detecting moisture content under 80 ℃.
Embodiment 4: constituent analysis and structure observation method
Total reducing sugar, total nitrogen, gross protein and nicotine in the method detection embodiment 1 of employing YC/T 159-2002,161-2002,249-2008 and 160-2002 regulation and the stems of tobacco leaves of embodiment 2 preparations; Adopt document 1 (Zhang Huailing; Ge Cuiying; Mu Huaijing; Analyze and check Deng. tobacco. Zhengzhou: Henan science tech publishing house, 1994:103-111), document 2 (Zhao Lijian. the heavy effect research [D] in flue-cured tobacco ageing of composite enzyme. the Master degree candidate of Kunming University of Science and Technology paper, the method for 2006:31-34) introducing is measured total cell wall substance, cellulose and lignin.
The stems of tobacco leaves of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 preparations is pulverized, crossed 40 mesh sieves.The stems of tobacco leaves that takes a morsel powder is fixed in double faced adhesive tape on the sample stage of ESEM, plates conductive golden film with ion sputtering instrument at sample surfaces, observes with field emission scanning electron microscope and takes pictures.Photographical condition is: accelerating potential: 15kV; Multiplication factor: * 1000.
Embodiment 5: the method for the invention processing tobacco leaf cut stems is smoked panel test
Just embodiment 1, embodiment 2, the stems of tobacco leaves of embodiment 3 preparations and the stems of tobacco leaves that is untreated are evenly mixed Ye Sizhong in constant temperature (25 ℃) constant humidity (55%) case balance 48h in 18% (mass fraction) ratio, roll into the test cigarette by hand.Before smokeing panel test, the test cigarette still needed in climatic chamber balance 48 hours.Form the group of smokeing panel test by 15 male sex and 15 women the test cigarette is smoked panel test, the result is as shown in table 1.Contrast is the cigarette of the stem preparation of being untreated; Wherein No. 1 is the cigarette of embodiment 1 treatment samples preparation, and No. 2 No. 3 for pressing the cigarette of embodiment 3 treatment samples preparation in order to press the cigarette of embodiment 2 treatment samples preparation.
The smoking result of table 1 the method for the invention processing tobacco leaf cut stems
Smoking result shows: stems of tobacco leaves is after the method for the invention is handled, and its fragrance, assorted gas and harmony have obtained bigger improvement, and wooden assorted gas obviously reduces, and excitant is less, does not have the larynx of burning sensation, and quality is improved significantly.
Embodiment 6: solid-liquid ratio is to the influence of the method for the invention processing tobacco leaf cut stems
The present invention adopts ammoniacal liquor and H
2O
2Mixed solution, said solid-liquid ratio is stems of tobacco leaves quality (g)/mixeding liquid volume (ml).With reference to embodiment 1 described method, get 5 parts of stems, at H
2O
2Concentration be 1% with ammonia concn be in 1.5% the mixed solution, 60 ℃ of treatment temperatures under the condition of processing time 1h, are investigated the influence of solid-liquid ratio for (1: 8,1: 9,1: 10,1: 12,1: 15) pair cell wall content of material respectively.The result finds that the cell wall substance content after each solid-liquid ratio is handled is respectively 37.13%, 35.42%, 30.85%, 30.03%, 29.42%.This shows that along with solid-liquid ratio increased to 1: 15 from 1: 8, the content of cell wall substance correspondingly reduces nearly 8 percentage points, and ammoniacal liquor and H are described
2O
2Can reduce the stems of tobacco leaves cell wall substance to a certain extent; At solid-liquid ratio is 1: 10 o'clock, and the cell wall substance content fall is maximum, and then along with the increase of solid-liquid ratio, the fall of cell wall substance content slows down.Possibly be solid-liquid ratio hour, stems of tobacco leaves can not fully contact with alkali lye, influences ammoniacal liquor and H
2O
2Action effect to cellulose substances.Solid-liquid ratio is 1: 10 o'clock; Ester bond between cellulose, hemicellulose and the lignin is destroyed by alkali oxygen mostly, continues to increase solid-liquid ratio, and the available ester bond of stems of tobacco leaves is limited; The effect of alkali oxygen is eased up; Simultaneously alkali lye reclaims and treatment cost of waste liquor increases, therefore, solid-liquid ratio be 1: 10 comparatively reasonable.
Embodiment 7: soak time is to the influence of the method for the invention processing tobacco leaf cut stems
With reference to embodiment 1 described method, solid-liquid ratio be 1: 10 with the constant situation of other conditions under, investigated the influence of different soak time 0.5,1,1.5,2,3h to the stems of tobacco leaves cell wall substance content.The result finds that the cell wall substance content after different time soaks is respectively 34.25%, 31.13%, 29.41%, 28.75%, 27.46%.This shows that along with the prolongation of soak time, cell wall substance content reduces, when soaking 1h, the cell wall substance content range of decrease (3.09 percentage point) maximum, then the prolongation range of decrease along with soak time reduces gradually, and therefore selecting the processing time is 1h.
Embodiment 8: soaking temperature is to the influence of the method for the invention processing tobacco leaf cut stems
With reference to embodiment 1 described method, under the constant situation of soak time 1h and other conditions, investigated the influence of 50,60,70,80,90 ℃ of pair cell wall materials of soaking temperature.The result finds that the cell wall substance content that soaks under the different temperatures is respectively 36.42%, 30.96%, 29.41%, 30.10%, 29.28%.This shows that along with the rising of soaking temperature, cell wall substance content reduces.When soaking temperature was upgraded to 60 ℃ by 50 ℃, cell wall substance content sharply descended, and fall is mild relatively thereafter.Therefore, selecting 60 ℃, to carry out alkali treatment be a preferable scheme.
Embodiment 9: ammonia spirit concentration is to the influence of the method for the invention processing tobacco leaf cut stems
With reference to embodiment 1 described method, at H
2O
2Concentration be 1% with solid-liquid ratio be that having investigated ammonia concn is the influence of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 3%, 4% pair of stems of tobacco leaves total cell wall substance content under the constant situation of 1: 10,60 ℃ of treatment temperatures and other conditions.The result finds that the cell wall substance content that the ammonia spirit of contrast (stems of tobacco leaves is untreated), variable concentrations soaks stems of tobacco leaves is respectively 42.86%, 39.45%, 36.17%, 32.75%, 31.46%, 30.79%, 28.68%.This shows; Compare with contrast, ammonia concn is 0.5% o'clock, reduction by 3.41 percentage points of cell wall substance content; Then along with the raising of ammonia spirit concentration; The reduction amplitude of cell wall substance content diminishes gradually, and when ammonia concn becomes 1.5% by 1%, the range of decrease of cell wall substance content (3.42 percentage point) maximum.Because concentration of lye is too high, the water and the energy that consume in the subsequent processes are bigger, and the high concentration alkali in the while waste liquid is seriously polluted to environment, and therefore, selecting ammonia concn for use is 1.5%.
Embodiment 10:H
2O
2Concentration is to the influence of the method for the invention processing tobacco leaf cut stems
With reference to embodiment 1 described method, be under 1: 10,60 ℃ of soaking temperatures and the soak time 1h condition at ammonia concn 1.5% and solid-liquid ratio, investigated H respectively
2O
2Concentration is the influence of 0.3%, 0.6%, 1.0%, 1.6%, 2.6%, 3.6% pair of stems of tobacco leaves total cell wall substance content.The result finds, the H of contrast, variable concentrations
2O
2The cell wall substance content of solution soaking stems of tobacco leaves is respectively 42.86% (contrast), 36.48%, 33.68%, 31.87%, 30.49%, 29.89%, 28.27%.This shows, work as H
2O
2Concentration is 1.0% o'clock, and cell wall substance content reduces to 31.87%, descends slowly thereafter.Simultaneously, H
2O
2Excessive concentration can bring stems of tobacco leaves stronger penetrating odor, and because H
2O
2Effect with bleaching makes the color of stems of tobacco leaves shallow excessively.Therefore select H
2O
2Concentration is 1.0%.
Embodiment 11: the optimum treatment conditions of the method for the invention
The optimum process condition that offal is handled is promptly in 1.5%NH3H
2O and 1.0%H
2O
260 ℃ are soaked 1h down in the solution; Solid-liquid ratio is 1: 10; Tobacco leaves treated stem cell wall substance content and part routine chemical components content are seen table 2 with this understanding, and the cell wall substance content data are seen from table, with this understanding; Compare with the stem that is untreated, cell wall substance, lignin and total nitrogen content have descended 12.71%, 2.14% and 1.24% respectively.Therefore, use the method for the invention processing tobacco leaf cut stems and can remove protein and lignin material in the stems of tobacco leaves effectively, alleviate the wooden assorted gas of stems of tobacco leaves.On the other hand, after the method for the invention was handled, the sugared content in the stems of tobacco leaves reduced, and total alkali does not detect, and the reason that causes is that soluble sugar and nicotine are dissolved in the alkali lye and remove.
Constituent content before and after table 2 stems of tobacco leaves is handled
| Stems of tobacco leaves | Moisture (%) | Total reducing sugar (%) | Total nitrogen (%) | Total alkali (%) | Cell wall substance (%) | Lignin (%) |
| Embodiment 11 | 7.52 | 6.52 | 0.83 | Do not detect | 26.35 | 6.29 |
| Contrast | 3.46 | 16.80 | 2.07 | 0.52 | 39.06 | 8.43 |
Embodiment 12: the method for the invention is handled the variation of back stems of tobacco leaves microstructure and filling value
In order to investigate the microstructure and the variation of physical property after stem is handled through the method for the invention, the stem that embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 handle has been done scanning electron microscope analysis and filling pH-value determination pH, concrete grammar such as embodiment 4 are said.
The stereoscan photograph of stems of tobacco leaves was seen Fig. 1 before and after the method for the invention was handled.As can be seen from Figure 1, undressed stems of tobacco leaves (see figure 1) compact structure, above be coated with a thin layer that forms by the herbaceous plant wax; Handle the back (see figure 2) through the method for the invention, the wax coat on stems of tobacco leaves surface disappears, and overall structure is still more complete, and the lines on raw material surface is thinner simultaneously, shows that lignin is dissolved, and cellulose comes out.
The filling value is to weigh an important indicator of stem quality.The filling power that improves stem to a certain extent is favourable to cigarette industry, because the raising of filling power not only can reduce consumption of raw materials, also can improve flammability, security, the outward appearance of cigarette, even inhales flavor.Expanded cut stem is because the cell volume increase; Contact area with feed liquid when reinforced increases, and the stem tissue looseness after the expansion, absorbs feed liquid easily; Therefore can improve the reinforced effect of stem; And then the assorted flavor and the excitant of minimizing stem self, improve stem and inhale flavor, simultaneously the filling value of also abundant raising stem.
The stem after the method for the invention is handled, the filling value of be untreated stem and expanded cut stem have been tested.The result shows stem after embodiment 1 handles, be untreated stem and its filling value of expanded cut stem are respectively 5.87 (SD0.42), 5.32 (SD0.51) and 5.68 (SD0.55) cm
3/ g.The stem that test implementation example 2, embodiment 3 handle also has analog result, explains that the method for the invention processing tobacco leaf cut stems has expansion, and its effect reaches or a little more than expanded cut stem.
Can find out from above result, handle lignin reduction in the stem of back through the method for the invention, volumetric expansion, the filling value increases, and processing is favourable to cigarette.The method of the invention both can improve the filling value of stems of tobacco leaves, can obviously reduce wood fibre cellulose content and xylon gas, the excitant of stems of tobacco leaves again, improved the odor characteristic of stems of tobacco leaves, improved the use value of stems of tobacco leaves.
Claims (3)
1. the method for a processing tobacco leaf cut stems may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: the NH that with stems of tobacco leaves is 50 ℃～90 ℃ in temperature
3H
2O and H
2O
2Mixed solution in soak 0.5～3h, NH in the said mixed solution
3H
2The concentration of O is 0.1～4 quality %, and the mass volume ratio of said stems of tobacco leaves and mixed solution is counted 1: 10 with g/ml;
Step 2: cross the flushing of leaching filter residue;
Step 3: the filter residue after will washing was 75 ℃-80 ℃ bakings 4-6 hour.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, H in the said mixed solution of step 1
2O
2Concentration be 0.1～3.6 volume %.
3. according to each described method of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that step 1 is 1.5 quality %NH at 60 ℃
3H
2O and 1.0 volume %H
2O
2Mixed solution in soak 1h.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102657178A CN101708071B (en) | 2009-12-24 | 2009-12-24 | Method for treating tobacco stem |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102657178A CN101708071B (en) | 2009-12-24 | 2009-12-24 | Method for treating tobacco stem |
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| CN101708071B true CN101708071B (en) | 2012-06-06 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102475352B (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2013-10-16 | 上海聚华科技股份有限公司 | Reconstruction processing method of cut stems |
| CN102440433A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2012-05-09 | 上海聚华科技股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing tobacco cut stems |
| CN102697165A (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2012-10-03 | 红塔烟草（集团）有限责任公司楚雄卷烟厂 | Cut stem washing method |
| CN105054277A (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2015-11-18 | 红塔烟草（集团）有限责任公司楚雄卷烟厂 | Cut rolled stem processing method acquiring high fill value |
| CN106108104A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-11-16 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of reduce the processing method of content of lignin in cabo |
| CN107960679A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-27 | 河南卷烟工业烟草薄片有限公司 | A kind of papermaking-method reconstituted tobaccos wood-fibred treatment process |
| CN110552250B (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2021-09-17 | 牡丹江恒丰纸业股份有限公司 | Production method of functional cigarette paper |
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