CN101707113B - Instrument composite magnet with magnetic temperature compensation - Google Patents
Instrument composite magnet with magnetic temperature compensation Download PDFInfo
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- CN101707113B CN101707113B CN2009102231832A CN200910223183A CN101707113B CN 101707113 B CN101707113 B CN 101707113B CN 2009102231832 A CN2009102231832 A CN 2009102231832A CN 200910223183 A CN200910223183 A CN 200910223183A CN 101707113 B CN101707113 B CN 101707113B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of magnetic materials, in particular to an instrument composite magnet with magnetic temperature compensation. The instrument composite magnet with the magnetic temperature compensation solves the problems that a magnet and a magnet temperature compensation material in the prior art are processed respectively and then are assembled, are time-wasting and labor-wasting and have high costs, the two processes adopt a binding agent, a permanent magnet system cannot keep stable along with temperature changes, and the application range is limited to a certain extent in particular in certain high temperature fields. The invention also solves the problem that the stability cannot be kept along with the temperature changes and the like, and provides the instrumentcomposite magnet with the magnetic temperature compensation, particularly a composite magnet of which the magnetism supply part is made of a sintered alnico material. The instrument composite magnet with the magnetic temperature compensation is prepared by the following steps of: preparing magnet powder and magnetic temperature compensation powder respectively; pressing and forming the powder; sintering the powder; performing heating treatment on the powder; and performing grinding fine machining on the powder.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of magnetic material, is a kind of instrument composite magnet with magnetic temp compensating.
Background technology
Magnet is as the important functional parts, built-up magnet adopts multiple materials processing to form, be mainly used in electronics telecommunication, instrument and meter, health care, office appliances, household electrical appliance, cultural goods, because the composite material difference that it adopted is used also different.The present production technology of built-up magnet is a kind of to be, built-up magnet two parts adopt processing respectively, are bonded to together with binding agent then, and the in fact this complex that can not be called truly is a kind of assembly; Another kind is to mix with magnetic and rubber or resin to process.The complex of first kind of explained hereafter is owing to adopt two kinds of materials to process respectively, time-consuming taking a lot of work, and cost is higher, and two kinds of technologies have all adopted binding agent, its permanent magnet system can not vary with temperature and can keep stable, and the scope of application has been subjected to certain restriction, particularly some high temperature field.For some permanent magnet system, require variations in temperature and can keep stable, such as the instrument permanent magnet system, must in permanent magnet system, add magnetic temperature compensating alloy in addition.Magnetic temperature compensating alloy generally adopts iron-nickel alloy, in use adopts adhesive or with the method realization compensating action of riveted more." a kind of built-up magnet " of China Patent No. CN101552078 adopts two kinds of different permanent magnetic materials to combine built-up magnet, do not have the magnetic temp compensating effect.The CN101542645 of the patent No. " manufacture method of Nanocomposite magnet " adopts the NdFeB material, and the description of magnetic temp compensating aspect is not arranged yet.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to assemble then for the processing respectively that solves above-mentioned prior art magnet and magnetic temp compensating material, time-consuming taking a lot of work, cost is higher, and two kinds of technologies have all adopted binding agent, its permanent magnet system can not vary with temperature and can keep stable, the scope of application has been subjected to certain restriction, particularly some high temperature field.Can not vary with temperature and can keep problem such as stable, a kind of instrument composite magnet with magnetic temp compensating is provided, particularly part is provided is the built-up magnet of sintered aluminium nickel cobalt material to magnetic.
For achieving the above object, a technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of instrument composite magnet with magnetic temp compensating, and this instrument composite magnet with magnetic temp compensating makes by following technology:
Step 1: prepare magnet powder and magnetic temp compensating part powder respectively;
Step 2: the compression moulding of built-up magnet;
Step 3, sintering;
Step 4, heat treatment;
Step 5, grinding fine finishining.
More particularly, this instrument composite magnet with magnetic temp compensating makes by following technology:
Step 1: prepare magnet powder and magnetic temp compensating part powder respectively: the magnet powder comprises following mass percent example material: aluminium is 6～12%, and nickel is 10～30%, and copper is 3～5%, Yu Weitie;
Comprise that also cobalt is 0～40%, titanium is 0～6%, and niobium is 0～3%; All elements adds with powdery, and wherein aluminium is with iron aluminium or cobalt Al alloy powder form, and titanium is with titanium ferroally powder, and niobium adds with the ferrocolumbium powder.
Described iron aluminium powder is that iron and aluminium are 1: 1 mixed according to mass ratio; The ferro-niobium powder is iron and niobium according to 1: 1 mixed; The titanium-iron powder powder that to be titanium and iron form according to 3: 7 mixed.
Magnetic temp compensating part powder is made up of iron powder and nickel powder, and composition weight accounting is: nickel powder 28～40%, surplus is iron powder.
Step 2: the compression moulding of built-up magnet, equipment is adopted dry powder press, according to mould size and desire compacting height, calculates the magnet powder and the magnetic temp compensating powder weight that will add.Earlier the magnetic temp compensating powder of 1/3-2/3 is added in the mould die, add the magnet powder again, add remaining magnetic temp compensating part powder at last again, at 5～8 tons/centimetre
2Down pressurization compacting of pressure, form moulded blank, the pressed density of blank is controlled at 5.5～6.2g/cm
3Both weight is according to product size, and the weight that powder is repaid in the magnetic temperature compensation equals the mould therefor area and multiply by height (generally getting 0.09), multiply by 6 again; Magnet powder weight equals die area and multiply by high magnet part height, multiply by 6.3 again.
Step 3: sintering, moulded blank is put into the sintering boat, and, adopt normal sintering technology to carry out sintering with vacuum sintering furnace with diamond spar sand landfill.Sintered density requires to reach 7.25g/cm
3
Step 4: heat treatment, adopt high temperature box furnace 1200～1300 solid molten, be incubated 2-30 minute, the fast cooling of coming out of the stove, speed be at 200～300 ℃/minute, is under 800～900 ℃ the condition in temperature with heat treatment magnetic field then, the magnetic field temperature control was handled 5-60 minute, adopted well formula tempering furnace to carry out Ageing Treatment at last, and technology is: 620～650 ℃, be incubated 3 hours, 590～620 ℃, be incubated 6 hours, 560～590 ℃ are incubated 12 hours, with the stove cooling, come out of the stove below 250 ℃.
Step 5: grinding fine finishining, adopt grinding machines such as precision plane mill, coreless grinding machine, cylindrical grinder to be machined to and require size.
Beneficial effect
The present invention has avoided the shortcoming of prior art, adopt the alnico magnet raw material and the layering of magnetic temperature compensating alloy raw material stacks, one-shot forming, behind sintering, form the composite material of an alloying, through magnetic-field heat treatment, form then and have respective magnetic and can be able to vary with temperature and can keep stable built-up magnet.
The present invention has realized the alloying of magnet and magnetic temp compensating material, forms an integral body, does not need adhesive or riveted, can avoid because of assembling loose or dislocation problem improper or that wearing and tearing produce; Simultaneously, having reduced the magnetic resistance loss, improved the magnetic utilance owing to do not have the slit between magnet 1 and the magnetic compensation material 2, the temperature coefficient of material reaches-0.01%/℃, have very high magnetic stability.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is the sintering curre figure of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the heat-treatment quenching curve of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the heat treatment Time-activity-curve of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 4 is the heat-treatment quenching curve of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 5 is the heat treatment Time-activity-curve of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with Fig. 1-5 and embodiment, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The first step is prepared magnet powder and magnetic temp compensating part (iron-nickel alloy) powder, ingredient requirement granularity-150 order respectively separately.Magnet powder weight percent accounting is a cobalt powder 24%, nickel powder 14%, copper powder 3%, ferroaluminium powder (1: 1) 17%, ferrocolumbium powder (1: 1) 1%, iron powder 41%; Magnetic temp compensating part powder percentage accounting is an iron powder 70%, nickel powder 30%.Batch mixing adopts the efficient movement mixer of three-dimensional motion, model GH-100, and the system East Sea, city, manufacturer Wenling powder equipment manufacturing, mixing time is 100 minutes, requires batch mixing to want evenly.
The second, the compression moulding of built-up magnet, equipment is adopted dry powder press, model Y41-400, second forging press factory, manufacturer Tianjin, mould adopts die size Φ 26.5mm, core bar Φ 6.25mm, add 10.6g magnet powder to die earlier, and then add magnetic temp compensating 2.8g part powder, pressurization compacting, form moulded blank and (be of a size of external diameter Φ 26.5mm, internal diameter Φ 6.25mm, thickness 4.3mm), 6 tons/centimetre of pressure
2, the pressed density of blank is controlled at 5.5～6.2g/cm
3
The 3rd, sintering is put into the sintering boat to moulded blank, and, use vacuum sintering furnace, model VSF-436 with diamond spar sand landfill, Shen Zhen vacuum technique Co., Ltd of manufacturer adopts normal sintering technology to carry out sintering, and process curve is as follows, 0～400 ℃ * 1h, 400 ℃ * 1h, 400 ℃～900 ℃ * 2h, 900 ℃ * 2h, 900～1350 ℃ * 2h, 1350 ℃ * 5h, be cooled to below 200 ℃ with stove and come out of the stove.Sintered density requires to reach 7.25g/cm3.
The 4th, 900 ℃ of preheatings are adopted in heat treatment, 1270 ℃ solid molten, is incubated 12 minutes, and temperature control is handled to 800～900 ℃ in magnetic field then, 20 minutes time, carry out 620 ℃ of Ageing Treatment at last, be incubated 3 hours, 590 ℃, be incubated 6 hours, 560 ℃ are incubated 12 hours, with the stove cooling, come out of the stove below 250 ℃.
The 5th, coreless grinding machine is used in grinding fine finishining, model M1050A, WuXi Machine Tools Co., Ltd of manufacturer.The converted products external diameter is used surface grinding machine to Φ 25mm, model M7130H, Hangzhou machine tool plant of manufacturer, converted products thickness 3mm.
Adopt the permanent magnetism tester, model TPS-200H, manufacturer's Hunan Loudi City joins many Science and Technology Ltd.s, standard sample is through China metering institute transmission of quantity value, test, the magnet performance parameter is residual magnetic induction intensity Br:1120～1220mT, coercivity H b:48～55kA/m, maximum magnetic energy product BHm:34～37kJ/m
3, the reversible magnetic flux temperature coefficient-0.01% of built-up magnet/℃.
Embodiment 2
Magnet material is AlNiCo33/11, and the magnetic temp compensating material is 1J30.
Manufacture method is as follows:
The first step is prepared magnet powder and magnetic temp compensating part (iron-nickel alloy) powder, ingredient requirement granularity-150 order respectively separately.Magnet powder weight percent accounting is a cobalt powder 35%, nickel powder 14%,, copper powder 3.5%, ferrotianium (3: 7) 15%, ferroaluminium powder (1: 1) 15%, ferrocolumbium powder (1: 1) 2%, iron powder 15.5%; Magnetic temp compensating part powder percentage accounting is an iron powder 70%, nickel powder 30%.Batch mixing adopts the efficient movement mixer of three-dimensional motion, model GH-100, and the system East Sea, city, manufacturer Wenling powder equipment manufacturing, mixing time is 100 minutes, requires batch mixing to want evenly.
The second, the compression moulding of built-up magnet, equipment is adopted dry powder press, model Y41-400, second forging press factory, manufacturer Tianjin, mould adopts die size 14.5mm * 14.5mm, earlier the magnetic temp compensating powder of 1.1g is added in the mould die, add 9.8g magnet powder again, add 1.1g magnetic temp compensating part powder at last again, pressurization compacting again, form moulded blank and (be of a size of length 14.5mm, width 14.5mm, thickness 9.4mm), 6 tons/centimetre of pressure
2, the pressed density of blank is controlled at 5.5～6.2g/cm
3
The 3rd, sintering is put into the sintering boat to moulded blank, and, use vacuum sintering furnace, model VSF-436 with diamond spar sand landfill, Shen Zhen vacuum technique Co., Ltd of manufacturer adopts normal sintering technology to carry out sintering, and technology is as follows, 0～400 ℃ * 1h, 400 ℃ * 1h, 400 ℃～900 ℃ * 2h, 900 ℃ * 2h, 900～1310 ℃ * 2h, 1310 ℃ * 5h, be cooled to below 200 ℃ with stove and come out of the stove.Sintered density requires to reach 7.2g/cm
3
The 4th, 1250 solid melting are adopted in heat treatment, be incubated 12 minutes, be chilled to fast below 900 ℃ earlier, then 830 ℃ of isothermal processes in magnetic field, 18 minutes time, carry out 650 ℃ of Ageing Treatment at last, be incubated 3 hours, 620 ℃, be incubated 6 hours, 590 ℃ are incubated 12 hours, with the stove cooling, come out of the stove below 250 ℃.
The 5th, surface grinding machine is used in grinding fine finishining, model M7130H, Hangzhou machine tool plant of manufacturer, converted products length 12.9mm, width 12.9mm, thickness 7.5mm.
Adopt the permanent magnetism tester, model TPS-200H, manufacturer's Hunan Loudi City joins many Science and Technology Ltd.s, standard sample is through China metering institute transmission of quantity value, test, the magnet performance parameter is residual magnetic induction intensity Br:800～850mT, coercivity H b:115～125kA/m, maximum magnetic energy product BHm:36～42kJ/m
3, the reversible magnetic flux temperature coefficient-0.01% of built-up magnet/℃.
Embodiment 3-12
Prepare product of the present invention, raw material according to the form below meter as method as described in the embodiment 1 and step:
Embodiment 13
Prepare product of the present invention as raw material as described in the embodiment 1 and method,
Step 2: the compression moulding of built-up magnet, equipment is adopted dry powder press, according to mould size and desire compacting height, calculates the magnet powder and the magnetic temp compensating powder weight that will add.In 1/3 the magnetic temp compensating powder adding mould die, add the magnet powder more earlier, add remaining 2/3 magnetic temp compensating part powder at last again, at 5 tons/centimetre
2Down pressurization compacting of pressure, form moulded blank, the pressed density of blank is controlled at 5.5g/cm
3Step 3: sintering, moulded blank is put into the sintering boat, and, adopt normal sintering technology to carry out sintering with vacuum sintering furnace with diamond spar sand landfill.Sintered density requires to reach 7.25g/cm
3
Step 4: heat treatment, adopt high temperature box furnace 1200 solid molten, be incubated 30 minutes, the fast cooling of coming out of the stove, speed be at 200 ℃/minute, is under 900 ℃ the condition in temperature with heat treatment magnetic field then, the magnetic field temperature control was handled 60 minutes, adopted well formula tempering furnace to carry out Ageing Treatment at last, and technology is: 650 ℃, be incubated 3 hours, 620 ℃, be incubated 6 hours, 590 ℃ are incubated 12 hours, with the stove cooling, come out of the stove below 250 ℃.
Embodiment 14
Step 2: the compression moulding of built-up magnet, equipment is adopted dry powder press, according to mould size and desire compacting height, calculates the magnet powder and the magnetic temp compensating powder weight that will add.Earlier the magnetic temp compensating powder of 1/3-2/3 is added in the mould die, add the magnet powder again, add remaining magnetic temp compensating part powder at last again, at 8 tons/centimetre
2Down pressurization compacting of pressure, form moulded blank, the pressed density of blank is controlled at 6.2g/cm
3Both weight is according to product size, and the weight that powder is repaid in the magnetic temperature compensation equals the mould therefor area and multiply by height (generally getting 0.09), multiply by 6 again; Magnet powder weight equals die area and multiply by high magnet part height, multiply by 6.3 again.
Step 3: sintering, moulded blank is put into the sintering boat, and, adopt normal sintering technology to carry out sintering with vacuum sintering furnace with diamond spar sand landfill.Sintered density requires to reach 7.25g/cm
3
Step 4: heat treatment, adopt 1300 ℃ of high temperature box furnaces solid molten, be incubated 30 minutes, the fast cooling of coming out of the stove, speed be at 300 ℃/minute, is under 800 ℃ the condition in temperature with heat treatment magnetic field then, the magnetic field temperature control was handled 5 minutes, adopted well formula tempering furnace to carry out Ageing Treatment at last, and technology is: 620 ℃, be incubated 3 hours, 5900 ℃, be incubated 6 hours, 560 ℃ are incubated 12 hours, with the stove cooling, come out of the stove below 250 ℃.
Above-described embodiment, the present invention's 14 kinds of embodiment more preferably just, the common variation that those skilled in the art carries out in the technical solution of the present invention scope and replacing all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the instrument composite magnet with magnetic temp compensating is characterized in that, makes according to following technology:
Step 1: prepare magnet powder and magnetic temp compensating part powder respectively;
Step 2: the compression moulding of built-up magnet;
Step 3, sintering;
Step 4, heat treatment;
Step 5, grinding fine finishining;
Described step 2: the compression moulding of built-up magnet, the magnetic temp compensating powder is added in the mould die, add the magnet powder again, add magnetic temp compensating part powder at last again, pressurization compacting again forms moulded blank, and the pressed density of blank is controlled at 5.5～6.2g/cm
3
2. according to the described a kind of instrument composite magnet of claim 1, it is characterized in that the magnet powder comprises following mass percent example material: aluminium is 6～12%, and nickel is 10～30%, and copper is 3～5%, Yu Weitie with magnetic temp compensating.
3. according to the described a kind of instrument composite magnet with magnetic temp compensating of claim 2, it is characterized in that also comprise the material that also comprises following quality percentage composition in the described magnet powder: cobalt is 0～40%, titanium is 0～6%, and niobium is 0～3%.
4. according to the described a kind of instrument composite magnet with magnetic temp compensating of claim 2, it is characterized in that each raw material adds with powdery, wherein aluminium is with iron aluminium or cobalt Al alloy powder form, and titanium is with titanium ferroally powder, and niobium adds with the ferrocolumbium powder.
5. according to the described a kind of instrument composite magnet with magnetic temp compensating of claim 1, it is characterized in that described magnetic temp compensating part powder is made up of iron powder and nickel powder, composition weight accounting is: nickel powder 28～40%, surplus is iron powder.
6. according to the described a kind of instrument composite magnet of claim 1 with magnetic temp compensating, it is characterized in that described step 3: sintering, moulded blank is put into the sintering boat, and, adopt normal sintering technology to carry out sintering with vacuum sintering furnace with diamond spar sand landfill; Sintered density requires to reach 7.25g/cm
3
Step 4: heat treatment, adopt 1200～1300 ℃ of high temperature box furnaces solid molten, be incubated 2-30 minute, come out of the stove and cool off fast, speed is at 200～300 ℃/minute, and 800～900 ℃ of magnetic field temperature controls were handled 5～60 minutes then, adopt well formula tempering furnace to carry out Ageing Treatment at last, technology is: 620～650 ℃, be incubated 3 hours, 590～620 ℃, be incubated 6 hours, 560～590 ℃ are incubated 12 hours, with the stove cooling, come out of the stove below 250 ℃.
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| CN101707113B true CN101707113B (en) | 2011-08-03 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104464994B (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2018-06-26 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of high performance permanent magnetic materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN106312059A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-01-11 | 广东粤海华金科技股份有限公司 | Powder metallurgy sintering method of non-magnetic steel structural component |
| CN112170834A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-01-05 | 宁波盛事达磁业有限公司 | Process and device for improving magnetic property of powder alnico magnet |
| CN111020341B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-04-20 | 杭州科德磁业有限公司 | Production process of powder sintered alnico permanent magnetic alloy |
| CN113333751A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-03 | 杭州双成磁业有限公司 | Efficient cylindrical magnet grinding process |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1038542A (en) * | 1988-06-18 | 1990-01-03 | 郭灿杰 | The permanent magnet of low temperature system |
| CN2220642Y (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1996-02-21 | 上海磁钢厂 | Mixed permanent-magnet damping module for watt-hour meter |
| CN1041360C (en) * | 1992-03-18 | 1998-12-23 | 冶金工业部包头稀土研究院 | Making method of temp.-compensation type permanent magnet |
-
2009
- 2009-11-13 CN CN2009102231832A patent/CN101707113B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1038542A (en) * | 1988-06-18 | 1990-01-03 | 郭灿杰 | The permanent magnet of low temperature system |
| CN1041360C (en) * | 1992-03-18 | 1998-12-23 | 冶金工业部包头稀土研究院 | Making method of temp.-compensation type permanent magnet |
| CN2220642Y (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1996-02-21 | 上海磁钢厂 | Mixed permanent-magnet damping module for watt-hour meter |
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