CN101705331B - Sensible heat recovering system and method of tail gas of converter with afterburning - Google Patents

Sensible heat recovering system and method of tail gas of converter with afterburning Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101705331B
CN101705331B CN2009102371397A CN200910237139A CN101705331B CN 101705331 B CN101705331 B CN 101705331B CN 2009102371397 A CN2009102371397 A CN 2009102371397A CN 200910237139 A CN200910237139 A CN 200910237139A CN 101705331 B CN101705331 B CN 101705331B
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converter
tail gas
water
valve
cooled
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CN101705331A (en
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张衍国
蒙爱红
李清海
王友才
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Kunming Sunwise Co ltd
Tsinghua University
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Kunming Sunwise Co ltd
Tsinghua University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract

一种带补燃的转炉尾气显热回收系统及方法,该系统包括转炉、汽化烟道、降温装置、尾气除尘、回收与排放系统,还包括补燃燃烧室和水冷三通阀,水冷三通阀的两个入口分别与补燃燃烧室和转炉尾气出口相连,出口与汽化烟道相连。转炉在吹氧期与非吹氧期间,尾气的回收或排放与补燃燃烧室的工作切换是通过水冷三通阀实现的。本发明的优点实现了转炉尾气真正的干法除尘,既节约了大量的生产用水,又回收了尾气中的含铁材料,同时降低了系统的阻力,降低了尾气回收的电耗;补燃燃烧室在消耗钢铁厂大量自产难处理低热值煤气的同时,减小了汽化烟道的交变的热应力,延长了汽化烟道的使用寿命,降低了转炉煤气回收成本。

A converter tail gas sensible heat recovery system and method with supplementary combustion, the system includes a converter, vaporization flue, cooling device, tail gas dust removal, recovery and discharge system, also includes supplementary combustion combustion chamber and water-cooled three-way valve, water-cooled three-way The two inlets of the valve are respectively connected with the post-combustion combustion chamber and the converter tail gas outlet, and the outlet is connected with the vaporization flue. During the oxygen-blowing period and non-oxygen-blowing period of the converter, the recovery or discharge of tail gas and the switching of the afterburning combustion chamber are realized through the water-cooled three-way valve. The advantages of the present invention realize the real dry dedusting of the converter tail gas, which not only saves a large amount of production water, but also recovers the iron-containing materials in the tail gas, and at the same time reduces the resistance of the system and reduces the power consumption of tail gas recovery; supplementary combustion While consuming a large amount of self-produced refractory low calorific value gas in the iron and steel plant, the chamber reduces the alternating thermal stress of the vaporization flue, prolongs the service life of the vaporization flue, and reduces the cost of converter gas recovery.

Description

A kind of tail gas of converter cement sensible heat recovery system and method with afterburning
Technical field
The present invention relates to converter steelmaking utility appliance and Technology field thereof, especially the tail gas of converter sensible heat reclaims and the RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS dry dedusting technology.
Background technology
One of most typical task of converter steelmaking is to more than 1400 ℃, the molten iron of carbon containing about 4.5% carries out oxygen decarburization reaction, make the final carbon content of molten iron reach about 0.04%, reaction process discharges a large amount of chemical heat, generate high concentration CO and a small amount of CO2, exhaust temperature reaches 1400~1600 ℃, contains considerable latent heat and sensible heat.In the tail gas of converter discharge process, the gas that composition is qualified just is called coal gas of converter.
Processes such as hot metal charging, oxygen blast are smelted, left standstill because each stove of converter steelmaking needs, tapping, slag splashing, whole process approximately needs 30 minutes, and oxygen blow duration had only about 16 minutes, only just produced tail gas during oxygen blast, so tail gas of converter is to be interrupted to produce.And the content difference of CO is very big in oxygen blown early stage, mid-term, later stage tail gas.Above reason causes tail gas of converter temperature height, dustiness big, and the variation range of CO content is big in the tail gas, and the limits of explosion of tail gas is wide, is a great problem in the Iron and Steel Production so tail gas of converter reclaims always.For tail gas of converter is reclaimed, at first need pyritous tail gas is lowered the temperature, and take corresponding dust suppression, need the oxygen level of strict control tail gas in the operating process, to prevent the tail gas blast.In the actual production process OG method (wet method converter gas absorption method) or LT method (dry method RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS method) are often adopted in the tail gas cooling; Control tail gas oxygen level is to prevent the tail gas blast and the requisite measure taked, requires the good seal performance of tubing system in the actual production.
The OG method is with big water gaging dust-laden tail gas to be sprayed, washs earlier, in to the tail gas cooling, also tail gas has been carried out dedusting, then moisture tail gas is dewatered, further dedusting makes dustiness reach the recovery standard, and qualified coal gas enters gas recovery system and reclaims.Will consume a large amount of water of productive use in the process, sewage, mud also will further be handled; A large amount of heat, the iron-bearing materials in the flue dust waste in the tail gas; Dedusting requires tail gas that sufficiently high flow velocity is arranged, and high flow rate means that the resistance of system is very big, can reach 20000Pa, and the energy consumption of system's main air blower is big; The floor space of total system is big, and the sewage disposal expense is high even can't handle.Because above several shortcomings, the OG method just progressively is eliminated.
The LT method is by the required water yield of accurate calculation tail gas of converter cooling, and the water that sprays into is vaporized fully, does not produce sewage.A difficult problem, the systemic resistance of system's sewage disposal also descend (greatly about 7500Pa) to some extent, the tail gas dustiness has also dropped to the scope that allows, the iron dust containing of recovery increases to some extent though solved, but system's control is complicated, to equipment, instrument the specification of quality height, operant level to operator requires high, water loss is still very big, and system's main air blower energy consumption is big, and system once invests height, and not utilization of a large amount of heats in the high-temperature tail gas, cause the waste of the energy.
Because the oxygen blast in the steelmaking process is not a successive, so tail gas of converter is to be interrupted to produce, and pyritous tail gas is to be interrupted to enter evaporated flue, causes the alternating thermal stress of evaporated flue very big.Evaporated flue is under the effect of alternating thermal stress, and work-ing life is very short, and the workload of routine maintenance, maintenance is also very big.No matter be OG method or LT method, it is short work-ing life all can't to solve evaporated flue, and the maintain and replace workload is big, the difficult problem of influence steel-making ordinary production.
The content of invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can realize truly dry method dust of tail gas of converter, prolong evaporated flue work-ing life, reduce the RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS cost, carry out the system and method that tail gas of converter sensible heat safety reclaims.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of tail gas of converter cement sensible heat recovery system with afterburning, this system comprises converter, evaporated flue, the heat sink that links to each other with evaporated flue, tails dedusting, recovery and blowdown system, it is characterized in that: described tail gas of converter cement sensible heat recovery system also comprises an afterburning combustion chamber and water-cooled T-valve, outlet links to each other two inlets of described water-cooled T-valve with tail gas of converter with the afterburning combustion chamber respectively, and the outlet of water-cooled T-valve is connected with evaporated flue.
In the technique scheme, the heat accumulating type channel burner is adopted in the afterburning combustion chamber.
In the technique scheme, described water-cooled T-valve is made up of valve pocket, turnover panel and central shaft, and described turnover panel is made with high temperature material, and turnover panel rotates around central shaft, and described turnover panel and valve pocket are hollow structures.
In the technique scheme, described heat sink adopts waste heat boiler, is made up of drum, vapor superheater, membrane wall and the grey water seal arrangement that falls.
A kind of a kind of tail gas of converter sensible heat recovery method with afterburning that adopts the described system of technique scheme is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
1) during Converter Oxigen Blowing, the water-cooled T-valve is closed with the inlet that the afterburning combustion chamber is connected, and tail gas of converter behind evaporated flue, enters heat sink by the water-cooled T-valve, and the tail gas after the cooling reclaims or discharging through tails dedusting, recovery and blowdown system;
2) during the non-oxygen blast of converter, the inlet that the water-cooled T-valve is connected with converter is closed, and the high-temperature flue gas that the afterburning combustion chamber produces behind evaporated flue, enters heat sink by the water-cooled T-valve, and the flue gas after the cooling is through tails dedusting, recovery and blowdown system discharging; The operating pressure of described afterburning combustion chamber is the slight positive pressure state of 0~100Pa, combustion processes is premixed oxygen debt burning, combustion air and fuel are at the anterior premix of burner, and the stoichiometric ratio of oxygen and fuel is less than or equal to 1 in the combustion processes, and promptly excess air ratio is less than or equal to 1.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1. owing to realized dry method dust truly, the tail gas recycle process does not need water, does not have sewage to produce, and does not need sewage disposal device, and floor space is little, and has reclaimed the iron dust containing in the tail gas to greatest extent.
2. do not adopt spray cooling, when improving coal-gas recovering rate and caloric power of gas, fully reclaimed the sensible heat of tail gas self.
3. do not have in the process of tail gas generation in converter production, owing to increased combustion-compensating device, evaporated flue is in continuous duty, reduced the influence of alternating thermal stress, improved the working conditions of evaporated flue, prolong the work-ing life of evaporated flue, reduced maintenance load, reduced the coal-gas recovering cost.
4. the afterburning burning is to adopt oxygen debt burning, pressurized firing, has guaranteed that evaporated flue and intrasystem oxygen level do not exceed standard, and has guaranteed the security of system's operation.
5. heat recovery boiler adopts membrane wall structure, has solved the problem that boiler seal leaks out, and has guaranteed the security of whole recovery system.
6. reduced the resistance of recovery system, the energy consumption of system's main air blower reduces, and has reduced the coal-gas recovering cost.
7. the heat accumulating type channel burner is adopted in burning, can use the low-heat value gas that is not easy to utilize that produces in the steel manufacture process.This part caloric power of gas is low, and combustion processes is easily flame-out, and major part has been diffused after dedusting in the actual production, has both polluted environment, has wasted the energy again.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 always schemes for the structural representation of the tail gas of converter cement sensible heat recovery system of band afterburning involved in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the heat sink structural representation of the tail gas of converter cement sensible heat recovery system of band afterburning involved in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the water-cooled T-valve full cut-off synoptic diagram of the tail gas of converter cement sensible heat recovery system of band afterburning involved in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the water-cooled T-valve of the tail gas of converter cement sensible heat recovery system of the band afterburning involved in the present invention 45 degree synoptic diagram that turn clockwise.
Fig. 5 is rotated counterclockwise 45 degree synoptic diagram for the water-cooled T-valve of the tail gas of converter cement sensible heat recovery system of band afterburning involved in the present invention.
Among the figure: the 1-steel-making converter; 2-afterburning combustion chamber; 3-water-cooled T-valve; The 4-evaporated flue; The 5-heat sink; 6-tails dedusting, recovery and blowdown system; The 7-drum; The 8-vapor superheater; The 9-membrane wall; The 10-grey water seal arrangement that falls; The 11-valve pocket; The 12-central shaft; The 13-valve plate.
Embodiment
Describe concrete structure of the present invention, principle of work and embodiment in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the tail gas of converter cement sensible heat recovery system and the method schematic overview of band afterburning involved in the present invention.This system comprises converter 1, evaporated flue 4, the heat sink 5 that links to each other with evaporated flue, tails dedusting, recovery and blowdown system 6, afterburning combustion chamber 2 and water-cooled T-valve 3, outlet links to each other two inlets of described water-cooled T-valve with tail gas of converter with the afterburning combustion chamber respectively, and the outlet of water-cooled T-valve is connected with evaporated flue.The heat accumulating type channel burner is adopted in afterburning combustion chamber 2.
The heat accumulating type channel burner is adopted in afterburning combustion chamber 2; Heat sink 5 adopts waste heat boiler, is made up of drum 7, vapor superheater 8, membrane wall 9 and the grey water seal arrangement 10 that falls.The water-cooled T-valve is made up of valve pocket 11, turnover panel 13 and central shaft 12, and described turnover panel is made with high temperature material, and turnover panel is around central shaft 12 rotations, and described turnover panel and valve pocket are hollow structures.
In the steelmaking oxygen blowing phase, behind the high temperature dust exhaust collection that converter 1 produces, enter water-cooled T-valve 3, the inlet that this moment, the water-cooled T-valve was connected with tail gas of converter is opened, the inlet that while interlocking close water-cooled T-valve is connected with afterburning combustion chamber 2, high temperature dust tail gas enters evaporated flue 4 through the water-cooled T-valve, after heat-transfer surface heat exchange in the evaporated flue, enter heat sink 5, with the vapor superheater 8 in the heat sink, after the membrane wall 9 further heat exchange, most of available energy is utilized in the tail gas, tail gas enters tails dedusting, reclaim with blowdown system and carry out dedusting earlier, detect qualified tail gas after the dedusting and enter the tail gas recycle passage, detect underproof tail gas and enter tail gas and diffuse passage.
In the steel-making non-oxygen blast phase, converter 1 does not produce tail gas, afterburning combustion chamber 2 produces an amount of high-temperature flue gas and enters water-cooled T-valve 3, the water-cooled T-valve is opened with the inlet that the afterburning combustion chamber is connected, the inlet that while interlocking close water-cooled T-valve is connected with converter, high-temperature flue gas enters evaporated flue 4, after heat-transfer surface heat exchange in the evaporated flue, enter heat sink 5, with the vapor superheater 8 in the heat sink, after the membrane wall 9 further heat exchange, most of available energy is utilized in the flue gas, and low-temperature flue gas enters tails dedusting, reclaim and blowdown system, after dedusting, enter tail gas and diffuse passage.The afterburning combustion chamber is the byproduct coal gas that uses in Steel Plant's steelmaking process, this part caloric power of gas is low, combustion processes is easily flame-out, for guaranteeing the trouble-free burning of coal gas, the heat accumulating type channel burner is adopted in the afterburning combustion chamber, fuel and air are premixed, in anterior fuel and the Air mixing just finished of burner.
In Converter Oxigen Blowing phase and non-oxygen blast phase, the work of the recovery of tail gas or discharging and afterburning combustion chamber is switched by 3 quick, the safety realizations of water-cooled T-valve.The water-cooled T-valve is formed (seeing Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5) by valve pocket 11, turnover panel 13 and central shaft 12, for guaranteeing the reliability that seals and preventing that valve from high temperature damaging, turnover panel 13 usefulness high temperature materials are made, turnover panel is around central shaft 12 rotations, turnover panel and valve pocket are hollow structures, inside can water flowing, cools off.
In the RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS process, prevent one of measure of gas explosion, be exactly the content of wanting oxygen in the strict control pipeline.The operating pressure of afterburning combustion chamber 2 is the slight positive pressure state of 0~100Pa, and the stoichiometric ratio of oxygen and fuel is less than or equal to 1 in the combustion processes, and promptly excess air ratio is less than or equal to 1.Take 0~100Pa pressurized firing, can effectively prevent the extraneous air pipeline that bleeds; Take oxygen debt burning, can the unnecessary oxygen of surplus in the pipeline.These two measures have guaranteed the safety of RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS.
Heat sink needs excellent sealing performance and effective heat exchange effect, heat sink of the present invention adopts waste heat boiler, form by drum, vapor superheater, membrane wall and the grey water seal arrangement that falls, by the recyclable tail gas heat quantity of waste heat boiler being set and reducing exhaust temperature.Be arranged on elevated drum 7 and provide required medium of heat exchange and circulation power for membrane wall heating surface 9 by downtake, after the steam that produces separates in the drum 7 of back, by the vapor communication pipe deliver to vapor superheater 8 overheated after, be sent to hot user or go the generating of steam turbine drawing generator.The grey water seal arrangement 10 that falls can be emitted the dust stratification in the heat recovery boiler on the one hand, on the other hand, when unforeseen circumstances appears in system's operation, can play the effect of explosive door, the security of increase system operation.

Claims (2)

1. tail gas of converter cement sensible heat recovery system with afterburning, this system comprises converter (1), evaporated flue (4), the heat sink (5) that links to each other with evaporated flue, tails dedusting, recovery and blowdown system (6), it is characterized in that: described tail gas of converter cement sensible heat recovery system also comprises an afterburning combustion chamber (2) and water-cooled T-valve (3); The heat accumulating type channel burner is adopted in described afterburning combustion chamber (2); Described water-cooled T-valve is made up of valve pocket (11), turnover panel (13) and central shaft (12), and described turnover panel is made with high temperature material, and turnover panel is around central shaft (12) rotation, and described turnover panel and valve pocket are hollow structures; Outlet links to each other two inlets of described water-cooled T-valve with tail gas of converter with the afterburning combustion chamber respectively, and the outlet of water-cooled T-valve is connected with evaporated flue; Described heat sink (5) adopts waste heat boiler, is made up of drum (7), vapor superheater (8), membrane wall (9) and the grey water seal arrangement (10) that falls.
2. a kind of tail gas of converter sensible heat recovery method with afterburning that employing is installed according to claim 1 is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
1) during Converter Oxigen Blowing, the water-cooled T-valve is closed with the inlet that the afterburning combustion chamber is connected, and tail gas of converter is by water-cooled T-valve (3), behind evaporated flue (4), enter heat sink (5), the tail gas after the cooling reclaims or discharging through tails dedusting, recovery and blowdown system (6);
2) during the non-oxygen blast of converter, the inlet that the water-cooled T-valve is connected with converter is closed, and the high-temperature flue gas that afterburning combustion chamber (2) produce is by water-cooled T-valve (3), behind evaporated flue (4), enter heat sink (5), the flue gas after the cooling discharges through tails dedusting, recovery and blowdown system (6); The operating pressure of described afterburning combustion chamber is the slight positive pressure state of 0~100Pa, combustion processes is premixed oxygen debt burning, combustion air and fuel are at the anterior premix of burner, and the stoichiometric ratio of oxygen and fuel is less than or equal to 1 in the combustion processes, and promptly excess air ratio is less than or equal to 1.
CN2009102371397A 2009-11-06 2009-11-06 Sensible heat recovering system and method of tail gas of converter with afterburning Expired - Fee Related CN101705331B (en)

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Families Citing this family (8)

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CN102827993B (en) * 2011-06-17 2016-02-24 山东省冶金设计院股份有限公司 Inject the recovery method of combustion type coal gas of converter and converter gas sensible heat
CN102827991B (en) * 2011-06-17 2016-06-08 山东省冶金设计院股份有限公司 The recovery method of coal gas of converter
CN102827992A (en) * 2011-06-17 2012-12-19 山东省冶金设计院股份有限公司 Converter flue gas energy recovery method
CN103184308A (en) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-03 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 Converter coal gas residual heat recovery device
CN103292333B (en) * 2012-02-29 2013-12-25 太原嘉能动力科技有限公司 System for utilizing waste heat of low-concentration combustible material in tail gas of Slapple furnace
CN103604128B (en) * 2012-02-29 2014-12-24 中北大学 A method for utilizing waste heat of low-concentration combustibles in Sleep furnace tail gas
CN104633632A (en) * 2015-02-06 2015-05-20 无锡华光工业锅炉有限公司 Oil or gas boiler structure with burner arranged on top
CN114196797A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-03-18 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 Converter flue gas carbon dioxide recovery system and process

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