CN101694103B - Bottom propelling excavator - Google Patents
Bottom propelling excavator Download PDFInfo
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- CN101694103B CN101694103B CN2009101756797A CN200910175679A CN101694103B CN 101694103 B CN101694103 B CN 101694103B CN 2009101756797 A CN2009101756797 A CN 2009101756797A CN 200910175679 A CN200910175679 A CN 200910175679A CN 101694103 B CN101694103 B CN 101694103B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bottom propelling excavator, relating to engineering excavation and mining and belonging to continuous excavating machinery. For the excavator, a track is used as a machine body chassis, a conveying frame is longitudinally arranged in the middle of a machine body with a lower front part and a higher back part, a tunnelling roller is installed at the foremost end of the conveying frame and can implement bottom propelling excavation in the environment of being buried by earth rocks, a bottom propelling excavation method enables the earth rocks at the upper part to lose bearing and weight, landslide, slip off on the conveying frame which is drawn behind the tunnelling roller and be discharged by a conveyer belt, and obtains larger excavation efficiency with less work. The excavator consists of a running mechanism, a discharge conveying mechanism, a excavating mechanism, a dynamic system and a hydraulic system, is suitable for ditch digging, desilting, soil discharging, emergency rescue, disaster relief, mineral resource exploitation, station harbor loading and unloading and underground excavation of a subway, a tunnel and the like. The invention adopts the bottom propelling excavation method to carry out excavation, realizes continuous excavation and discharge and has the advantages of high efficiency and low energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
A kind of bottom propelling excavator of the present invention relates to engineering excavation and mining, belongs to continuous excavating machinery.
Background technology
The past people are when manual mining for coal, in order to obtain bigger production efficiency with less power, they hollow out the coal of bottom, the coal on top is tending towards the gesture of whereabouts, the workman one digs a lot of coals that collapse with pick gently on top, sometimes the coal on top need not be dug and collapse a sheet ofly voluntarily, and the workpeople transports emptying to loose coal.Carry out the excavation of a new round again, mine for coal the effect effect that the workpeople can obtain to get twice the result with half the effort with this " bottom propelling mining method ".
Since the last century, machinery excavates and has replaced hand digging.From the fifties, continuous excavating machinery has obtained to develop rapidly, and structure is updated, and kind and output significantly increase, and becomes the capital equipment of excavation machinery.Surface mining is selected the high-efficiency and continuous production practice as far as possible for use and is not had transportation casting technology, to replace the transportation production practice, has become a kind of developing direction.
Continuous excavating machinery more and more is subjected to people's high praise, and its efficient low-consume advantage is outstanding to be main cause.Make comparisons on efficient with wheel excavator and power shovel, " wheel excavator separates the mechanism of mechanism that finishes excavation and transported material, and the two is worked continuously simultaneously, so the efficient height.The scraper bowl of power shovel is finished excacation earlier, does material is turned round by swing arm, delivers to the emptying point discharging, returns work plane preparation excavation next time at last.In whole working cycles, excavation is that batch (-type) carries out, and the time of excavation accounts for 1/3rd of total cycle time, so efficient is low.
" according to statistics, under same power situation, the efficient of wheel excavator than the high 1.5-2.5 of power shovel doubly.Under identical productivity ratio situation, wheel excavator than power shovel from heavy and light 1/3-1/2.If at bucket capacity 1m
3The chassis of power shovel on, repacking wheel bucket excavating gear, under the constant condition of deadweight, productivity ratio can improve 50-100%.
Power consumption is compared: " every cubic metre Tu Yan is excavated in evidence, and the power consumption of all kinds of excavators is:
Power shovel 0.5-0.7kwh/m
3
Chain excavator 0.4-0.6kwh/m
3
Wheel excavator 0.3-0.5kwh/m
3
" the wheel excavator consumption of power is saved 40-29% than power shovel as can be seen." (causing front page " opencast mining machinery " in April, 1988, Jing Yuanchang chief editor, the 220th page)
But the shortcoming that wheel excavator exists also is clearly, in order to improve digging efficiency, has to strengthen dipper capacity as far as possible and increases bucket quantity, does the bucket wheel diameter very greatly.This has just produced 2 problems: 1, the bucket wheel diameter is big more, and it is subjected to resistance big more, and digging force is more little; 2, the bucket wheel diameter is big more, and body is big more, and applicability is poor more, and the scope of application is more little.
The present invention will do a grafting to " bottom propelling mining method " and wheel excavator, realize that bottom advances mining method " mechanization ", keep the characteristics that wheel excavator excavates continuously simultaneously, it is huge to remove the wheel excavator body, the shortcoming that digging force is little and poor for applicability.Make bottom propelling excavator of the present invention have bottom and advance excavation and excavate dual characteristics continuously, digging efficiency is higher, the new type of continuous excavation machinery that the scope of application is wider.
Bottom propelling excavator and wheel excavator are excavated performance work one relatively.Bottom propelling excavator adopts " bottom advances and excavates " principle, has bottom and advances the excavation performance, and wheel excavator does not have this characteristic.The digging mechanism of wheel excavator---the bucket wheel profile is huge, digging force is little, the digging mechanism of bottom propelling excavator---driving roller profile is very little, its rolling external diameter only has 1/10th of wheel excavator bucket wheel rolling external diameter, digging force improves greatly, machine shape is compacter, and applicability is stronger, and range of application is wider.
" a kind of excavator and a kind of sand dredger " (application number: 200710161431.6) at Instructions Page 2, summary of the invention statement is said: " technical scheme of the present invention is: need not husky struggle against, digging of having of the husky bucket of prior art husky with transport that husky binomial function is promptly dug husky escapement by a kind of excavator of the present invention respectively and conveyor chain is substituted.Dig the front end that husky escapement is installed in conveyor chain, conveyor chain is right after after digging husky escapement, and the other end is installed on the hull frame.Dig the driving of swing type hydraulic cylinder is housed in the husky escapement cylinder shell, its power transmission shaft of pendulum-type hydraulic cylinder is positive and negative revolution and output torque, drive is dug husky escapement housing and is dug husky plate and do along reverse fan-shaped swing, sandstone are dug pine to be emptied, make the landing of collapsing of eminence sandstone, conveyor chain is caught the sandstone that collapse and is constantly carried on the water surface." clearly " a kind of excavator and a kind of sand dredger " also belong to the continuous excavating machinery that bottom advances together.But it adopts the swing type hydraulic cylinder to be used as power, and leans on the escapement housing and digs husky plate work along reverse fan-shaped swing, sandstone is dug pine empty, and its operating efficiency is problematic.Because escapement housing and dig when husky plate is forward swung and just excavate, backswing is to prepare for excavation, so have at least 1/2nd power to utilize.
Summary of the invention
The present invention adopts crawler belt to do the body chassis.Carriage places in the middle of the body low early and high afterly.A hoist cylinder respectively is housed about carriage, uses with the forward leaning angle of regulating carriage to be beneficial to excavation and to upgrade carriage so that shift in the place.Carriage is a bearing support of carrying running roller and conveyer belt, also is the link of driving roller, is taking the thrust transmission of body to the driving roller.The driving roller is installed in carriage foremost, by pivot pin the driving roller is connected with carriage, and carriage pulls after the driving roller.Bottom the right and left at driving roller and carriage respectively is equipped with an adjusting screw(rod), is used to regulate the excavation angle of driving roller.The driving roller is similar to a cylinder, places the centre of turning rolls, and string is contained on the power transmission shaft.Power transmission shaft drives by two hydraulic motors are common, and the hydraulic motor symmetry is fixed on the motor frame of inboard, turning rolls both sides, is concealed by the roller housing and is covering.The radial equipartition axially-aligned is equipped with three and digs plate on the roller housing, and digging plate is straight steel plate, is inlaid with some teeth that dig above.After digging backboard, be welded with the some buting iron of a row on the escapement housing.Dig on the coupling block and coupling block that plate is fixedly mounted on strap cam, the coupling block of strap cam and coupling block are connected with the tip seat of roller inner walls by tip axle, can stir freely in certain angular range, do the action of opening gathering.Dig plate and draw the restriction that is subjected to the roller housing in, open the restriction that is subjected to buting iron.In the roller housing, directly over the two limit hydraulic motors, on the motor seat, symmetry is equipped with a gear shaft, and gear shaft is made up of axle center, needle roller and rolling ring.The coupling block of gear shaft and strap cam is on same section radially.The roller housing goes to excavation roller top whenever digging plate when rotating, the coupling block of strap cam can both touch gear shaft, and gear shaft forces and digs plate change state, makes to dig plate gathering off-load.The roller housing is installed on the turning rolls, and roller housing and turning rolls axially have a space, and young end opening is big on this space, only can pass through for the plate that digs of rounding state, and we cry " headroom chamber " to it.On the end face of the both sides of turning rolls, a side is housed respectively and cuts dish, in order that the surplus soil of excision driving roller two side cob walls in propelling reduces propelling resistance.The speed that collapses for control top soil stone what, discharge to the conveyer belt material loading equably, be equipped with one on the top of excavating roller and conveyer belt and dig rake.If tunneling operation can be adapted as a hobboing cutter with digging to take off, control tunnel space shuttle profile shape and size.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is bottom propelling excavator operating principle of the present invention, structure chart
Fig. 2 is the elevation (Fig. 3 B-B analyses and observe rotation) of bottom propelling excavator driving roller of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the left view (Fig. 2 A-A analyses and observe) of bottom propelling excavator driving roller of the present invention
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing further launch explanation: Fig. 1 and be operating principle, the structure chart of bottom propelling excavator of the present invention, as can be seen from the figure, driving roller 1 excavates at the bottom that is excavated section, underearth stone is dug pine empty, the native stone on top just can collapse automatically and enter the excavation principle that conveyer belt 6 is discharged from.Bottom propelling excavator of the present invention is like a car shape, carrying complete machine by caterpillar chassis, carriage 5 low early and high after ground vertically place in the middle of the car body 7, forwardly about the below one hoist cylinder 4 is housed respectively, the angle of inclination that can regulate carriage 5 by hoist cylinder 4 is convenient to excavation and is upgraded carriage 5 so that shift in the place.Driving roller 1 is installed in carriage 5 foremost by turning rolls 12, is connected with adjusting screw(rod) 3 by pivot pin 2, can regulate the excavation angle of driving roller 1 by adjusting screw(rod) 3.The front portion of body 7 above driving roller 1 and carriage 5 is equipped with one and is dug rake 9, and this can control the speed speed that is collapsed by the shoveling wall downwards, and earth and stone material discharges to make conveyer belt 6 have uniformly.Tunnel roller 1 detailed construction more as can be seen from Figures 2 and 3, driving roller 1 likeness in form cylindrical shell rolls on turning rolls 12.Two hydraulic motors 10 are separately fixed at the both sides of turning rolls 12, the power transmission shaft 20 in the middle of common the driving by motor seat 11.Roller housing 14 is connected by flower keyboard 19 with power transmission shaft 20, follows hydraulic motor 10 and rotates, and hydraulic motor 10 is concealed in roller housing 14, and this makes driving roller 1 more compact structure, also plays the effect of protection hydraulic motor 10.Radial equipartition is equipped with three and digs plate 22 on roller housing 14, digging plate is straight steel plate, stud with some teeth 23 that dig above, the contiguous block 16 and middle two coupling blocks 21 that dig plate 22 and both sides two strap cams connect as one, key seat 17 by inwall on attachment pegs 18 and the roller housing 14 links, and is installed in outside the roller housing 14, can rotate freely in the certain angle scope, gear shaft 15 is fixed on the top of motor seat, coexists on radially the same tangent plane with the contiguous block 16 of strap cam.During work, two hydraulic motors 10 drive power transmission shaft 20 simultaneously, and band driving roller 1 rotates in the direction of arrows, digs plate 22 and produces headroom chamber 25 and contacted by shoveling stone, is subjected to resistance and just opens, and inserts native stone depths simultaneously.When digging plate 22 and opening, root is subjected to the restriction of buting iron 24 and just no longer opens.Dig plate 22 follow the driving roller 1 continue to rotate up, to tie soil peels off, when being threaded to the top of roller, contiguous block 16 cams of strap cam touch the gear shaft 15 that is fixed on the motor seat 11, force and dig plate 22 gathering off-loads, the native stone that digs out is sent to conveyer belt 6 discharges, the plate 22 that digs of gathering enters headroom chamber 25, prepares next round and excavates.Under the thrust of travelling wheel crawler belt 8, driving roller 1 constantly excavates, and ceaselessly advances.For reducing propelling resistance, a slice side respectively is housed in the both sides of turning rolls 12 cuts dish 13, cutting side cob wall.Be equipped with one on the top of excavating roller 1 and carriage 5 and dig rake 9.Be used to control the speed that top soil stone collapses, discharge to conveyer belt 6 material loadings equably.
Claims (3)
1. bottom propelling excavator, comprise the crawler body that carries body, carriage in the middle of the body, the driving roller of carriage front end, rake is dug on carriage and driving roller top, its technical characterictic is: crawler belt is done the body chassis, and carriage is low early and high after vertically to be placed in the middle of the body, and is installed on the body; Front part of a body respectively is equipped with a hoist cylinder about carriage, connect frame and conveyer belt; The driving roller is installed in carriage foremost, by pivot pin the driving roller is connected with carriage, and carriage pulls after the driving roller; In the bottom of driving roller and carriage, the right and left respectively is equipped with an adjusting screw(rod); On the upper stand of driving roller and carriage, be equipped with one and dig rake; On the end face of the both sides of turning rolls, a side is housed respectively and cuts dish; Wherein, the driving roller comprises the turning rolls that is connected with carriage, symmetry is fixed on the hydraulic motor and the motor frame of inboard, turning rolls both sides, two common power transmission shafts that drive of hydraulic motor, string is contained in the roller housing on the power transmission shaft, and the contiguous block on the roller housing and the contiguous block of strap cam, and be fixed on the plate that digs on the contiguous block; On the same section of the contiguous block of motor frame top and strap cam a gear shaft is arranged, axially there is the young end opening on greatly only can be between roller housing and turning rolls for the headroom chamber that plate passes through of digging of rounding state, dig be welded with on the behind roller housing of plate one row some buting iron, the roller inner walls is useful on the key seat of the coupling block that connects contiguous block and strap cam, the contiguous block of contiguous block and strap cam is connected with the key seat of roller inner walls, dig on the contiguous block that plate is fixedly mounted on contiguous block and strap cam, in the certain angle scope, can stir freely, can change the state that digs plate during gear shaft on the contiguous block of the strap cam touching motor seat, make and dig plate and draw off-load in.
2. a kind of bottom propelling excavator according to claim 1, its technical characterictic is: described gear shaft is made of axle center, needle roller and rolling ring.
3. a kind of bottom propelling excavator according to claim 2, its technical characterictic is: three are dug plate is straight steel plate, is inlaid with some teeth that dig above, digs plate radial equipartition on the roller housing, axially-aligned.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101756797A CN101694103B (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2009-09-21 | Bottom propelling excavator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101756797A CN101694103B (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2009-09-21 | Bottom propelling excavator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101694103A CN101694103A (en) | 2010-04-14 |
| CN101694103B true CN101694103B (en) | 2011-07-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101756797A Expired - Fee Related CN101694103B (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2009-09-21 | Bottom propelling excavator |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN101694103B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112144536B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-03-08 | 中国葛洲坝集团机电建设有限公司 | Double-trapezoid earthwork excavating device and method |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3680233A (en) * | 1970-03-17 | 1972-08-01 | Int Harvester Co | Continuous excavating loader with pivotal discharge conveyor |
| CN1172196A (en) * | 1996-07-15 | 1998-02-04 | 克鲁勃工业技术有限公司 | Bucket dredger attack method |
| WO1998024983A1 (en) * | 1996-12-02 | 1998-06-11 | Witold Kalisiak | Method and an arrangement for earth separation and loading |
| CN2898111Y (en) * | 2005-12-03 | 2007-05-09 | 李君� | Hydraulic excavator with rolling-path supporting arm |
| CN2931786Y (en) * | 2006-06-03 | 2007-08-08 | 李君� | Tunnel digging machine |
| CN101130995A (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2008-02-27 | 熊梓光 | Excavator and sand dredger |
-
2009
- 2009-09-21 CN CN2009101756797A patent/CN101694103B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3680233A (en) * | 1970-03-17 | 1972-08-01 | Int Harvester Co | Continuous excavating loader with pivotal discharge conveyor |
| CN1172196A (en) * | 1996-07-15 | 1998-02-04 | 克鲁勃工业技术有限公司 | Bucket dredger attack method |
| WO1998024983A1 (en) * | 1996-12-02 | 1998-06-11 | Witold Kalisiak | Method and an arrangement for earth separation and loading |
| CN2898111Y (en) * | 2005-12-03 | 2007-05-09 | 李君� | Hydraulic excavator with rolling-path supporting arm |
| CN2931786Y (en) * | 2006-06-03 | 2007-08-08 | 李君� | Tunnel digging machine |
| CN101130995A (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2008-02-27 | 熊梓光 | Excavator and sand dredger |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101694103A (en) | 2010-04-14 |
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Granted publication date: 20110706 Termination date: 20120921 |