CN101692985A - 一种诱导奶牛定时排卵进行人工授精的方法 - Google Patents
一种诱导奶牛定时排卵进行人工授精的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种诱导奶牛定时排卵进行人工授精的方法。所述方法如下:在奶牛发情周期中的任意一天(第1天)肌肉注射0.4~0.6mg的PGF2α,第13~16天再次肌肉注射0.4~0.6mg的PGF2α,第28~30天肌肉注射100μg的GnRH,第35~37天再肌肉注射0.4~0.6mg的PGF2α,第38~40天肌肉注射100μg的GnRH,注射GnRH后16~18小时对奶牛进行人工授精。本发明方法可调控奶牛卵巢中卵泡发生波和排卵时间,并不需要发情鉴定直接进行人工授精,从而克服了奶牛不易观察发情的缺陷,有利于提高奶牛发情率和受胎率,缩短奶牛产犊到再次怀孕的间隔期,便于奶牛场生产管理。
Description
(一)技术领域
本发明涉及一种诱导奶牛定时排卵进行人工授精的方法,属于家畜繁殖技术领域。
(二)背景技术
人工授精技术(artificial insemination,AI)是目前我国奶牛改良和扩繁的主要方法。与自然交配相比,采用AI技术可减少性疾病传播、降低繁殖成本,更为重要的是,利用后裔测定的公牛精液进行AI,加快了奶牛遗传改良速度,增加了奶牛产奶量。但随着产奶量的日益提高,奶牛的繁殖性能呈现出下降趋势,其原因主要是随着奶牛产奶量的不断提高,其发情症状却不显著,易导致奶牛情期判断和授精时间的失误,从而降低AI母牛的受胎率。同时由于奶牛卵泡发育和排卵的不同步性,导致同牧场不同奶牛的发情期比较分散,不利于组织管理和推广AI技术。上述这些因素严重影响了奶牛,特别是奶牛应用AI技术扩繁的进程,成为改善奶牛繁殖性能和提高奶业经济效益的限制因素。
目前,解决奶牛发情鉴定和排卵不同步性难题的一个有效措施是通过调控奶牛卵泡发育,形成人工定时排卵技术。
传统的定时排卵技术主要的处理程序是:通过GnRH(gonadotropinreleasing hormone)处理诱导LH(1uteinizing hormone)峰释放,引起排卵或卵巢中优势卵泡的黄体化,定时卵泡发生波。随后采用PGF2α(prostaglandinF2α)处理导致自然的或GnRH诱导的黄体退化,最终引起定时的优势卵泡成熟、排卵(引自1.Pursley JR,Mee MO,Wiltbank MC.Synchronization ofovulation in dairy cows using PGF2α,and GnRH.Theriogenology,1995,44:915-923.2.Sterry RA,Jardon PW,Fricke PM.Effect of timing ofCosynch on fertility of lactating Holstein cows after first postpartum andResynch timed-AI services.Theriogenology,2007,67:1211-1216.3.SzenciO,Takacs E,Sulon J,et a1.Evaluation of GnRH treatment 12days after AI inthe reproductive performance of dairy cows.Theriogenology,2006,66:1811-1815.)。该技术协调了卵泡循环、黄体退化和排卵的时间,可在GnRH处理后的固定时间人工授精。前期研究已证实,在卵泡发育调控技术中,第一次GnRH处理时奶牛所处发情周期的阶段是影响定时排卵和受胎率的主要因素,发情周期的早黄体期(发情周期的第5~12天)是启动定时排卵处理的最佳时期(引自Cartmill JA,E1-Zarkouny SZ,Hensley BA,et al.Stage of cycle,incidence,and timing of ovulation,and pregnancy rates indairy cattle after three timed breeding protocols.J Dairy Sci,2001,84:1051-1059.)。
现有的定时排卵技术已在科学研究和生产实践中得到了初步的应用,但还存在一些缺陷。研究已证实,约20%卵泡发育调控处理后的奶牛在授精之前过早的表现出发情症状,影响了人工授精后的受胎率(引自DeJarnette JM,Salverson RR,Marshall,CE.Incidence of premature estrus inlactating dairy cows and conception rates to standing estrus or fixed-timeinseminations after synchronization using GnRH and PGF(2alpha).AnimReprod Sci,2001,67:27-35.)。此外,该技术目前主要用于经产奶牛,用于初产奶牛时,由于初产奶牛对GnRH处理的排卵回应不敏感,以及初产奶牛与经产奶牛卵泡发育动力学的不同,其受胎率较低。因此,还需要对现有的定时排卵技术进一步创新优化,以研发基于奶牛卵泡发育调控的人工定时排卵技术。
(三)发明内容
本发明目的是克服利用现有定时排卵技术受胎率不高和不适用于初产奶牛等缺陷,提供一种新的诱导奶牛定时排卵进行人工授精的方法。
本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种诱导奶牛定时排卵进行人工授精的方法,所述方法如下:将奶牛发情周期中的任意一天记为第1天,在第1天进行第一次肌肉注射PGF2α、剂量为0.4~0.6mg,第13~16天进行第二次肌肉注射PGF2α、剂量为0.4~0.6mg,第28~30天进行第一次肌肉注射GnRH、剂量为100μg,第35~37天再进行第三次肌肉注射PGF2α、剂量为0.4~0.6mg,第38~40天进行第二次肌肉注射GnRH、剂量为100μg,第二次注射GnRH后16~18小时对奶牛进行人工授精。母牛出现第一次发情后,其生殖器官及整个机体的生理状态发生一系列的周期性变化,周而复始(妊娠期除外),一直到停止繁殖年龄为止,这种周期性的性活动称为发情周期或性周期。其计算一般从这一次开始发情到下一次开始发情为一个发情周期,平均一般为21天(18~25天)。
优选的,第一次肌肉注射PGF2α和第二次肌肉注射PGF2α处理的间隔时间为14~16天,第二次肌肉注射PGF2α和第一次肌肉注射GnRH处理的间隔时间为13~15天。
本发明在现有的GnRH-PGF2α-GnRH奶牛定时排卵处理程序之前,采用两次肌肉注射PGF2α的方法对奶牛进行预处理,以诱导奶牛进入发情周期的早黄体期(发情周期的第5~12天)。
本发明的有益效果主要体现在:本发明方法可调控奶牛卵巢中卵泡发生波和排卵时间,并不需要发情鉴定直接进行人工授精,从而克服了奶牛不易观察发情的缺陷,有利于提高奶牛发情率和受胎率,缩短奶牛产犊到再次怀孕的间隔期,便于奶牛场生产管理。
(四)具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此:
实施例1:
(1)选择经产奶牛50头(试验组),在奶牛发情周期的第8天(记录为第1天)肌肉注射0.4mg的PGF2α;
(2)第15天再次肌肉注射0.4mg的PGF2α;
(3)第29天肌肉注射100μg的GnRH;
(4)第36天肌肉注射0.4mg的PGF2α;
(5)第38天肌肉注射100μg的GnRH,注射GnRH后16~18小时对奶牛进行人工授精。对照组奶牛(21头)不采用定时排卵处理,仅在观察到发情症状后人工授精。
(6)奶牛人工授精后20~22天,观察其发情情况,对出现发情症状的返情奶牛于人工授精后的35~40天采用直肠检查法再次判断是否妊娠,统计受胎率。
(7)检测结果
按照上述定时排卵程序处理后,试验组50头奶牛受孕34头,妊娠率为68%,而对照组奶牛妊娠率为57.1%,试验组奶牛的妊娠率比对照组奶牛高10.9%,结果表明采用定时排卵方法处理奶牛可显著提高人工授精后的妊娠率。
Claims (2)
1.一种诱导奶牛定时排卵进行人工授精的方法,所述方法如下:将奶牛发情周期中的任意一天记为第1天,在第1天进行第一次肌肉注射PGF2α、剂量为0.4~0.6mg,第13~16天进行第二次肌肉注射PGF2α、剂量为0.4~0.6mg,第28~30天进行第一次肌肉注射GnRH、剂量为100μg,第35~37天再进行第三次肌肉注射PGF2α、剂量为0.4~0.6mg,第38~40天进行第二次肌肉注射GnRH、剂量为100μg,第二次注射GnRH后16~18小时对奶牛进行人工授精。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:第一次肌肉注射PGF2α和第二次肌肉注射PGF2α处理的间隔时间为14~16天,第二次肌肉注射PGF2α和第一次肌肉注射GnRH处理的间隔时间为13~15天。
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104839085A (zh) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-08-19 | 华南农业大学 | 一种诱导母鸡定时排卵的方法 |
CN106456705A (zh) * | 2014-06-16 | 2017-02-22 | 硕腾服务有限责任公司 | 包含GnRH的阴道内调配物 |
CN107173329A (zh) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-09-19 | 宣汉县蜀宣花牛养殖专业合作社 | 一种蜀宣花牛母牛繁殖方法 |
CN109919444A (zh) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-06-21 | 广州影子科技有限公司 | 养殖任务管理方法及装置、养殖任务管理设备和系统 |
-
2009
- 2009-09-29 CN CN200910153615A patent/CN101692985A/zh active Pending
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106456705A (zh) * | 2014-06-16 | 2017-02-22 | 硕腾服务有限责任公司 | 包含GnRH的阴道内调配物 |
CN104839085A (zh) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-08-19 | 华南农业大学 | 一种诱导母鸡定时排卵的方法 |
CN107173329A (zh) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-09-19 | 宣汉县蜀宣花牛养殖专业合作社 | 一种蜀宣花牛母牛繁殖方法 |
CN109919444A (zh) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-06-21 | 广州影子科技有限公司 | 养殖任务管理方法及装置、养殖任务管理设备和系统 |
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