CN1016919B - Switch capacitor isolated dc transducer - Google Patents
Switch capacitor isolated dc transducerInfo
- Publication number
- CN1016919B CN1016919B CN 90103872 CN90103872A CN1016919B CN 1016919 B CN1016919 B CN 1016919B CN 90103872 CN90103872 CN 90103872 CN 90103872 A CN90103872 A CN 90103872A CN 1016919 B CN1016919 B CN 1016919B
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- Prior art keywords
- end line
- pressure end
- charging
- capacitor group
- load
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a switch capacitor isolated DC converter which is characterized in that the converter can supply different pulse control signals to switching tubes to switch on or off the switching tubes at different states. Series and parallel connecting line modes of a capacitor unit is changed to realize the voltage reducing work mode, i.e., the capacitor unit is connected in series to charge and connected in parallel to discharge, and the voltage increasing work mode, i.e., the capacitor unit is connected in parallel to charge and connected in series to discharge. The present invention uses the switching tubes and a capacitor energy storing element to replace an inverter type DC converter used for a long time, and an AC transformer is cancelled.
Description
The present invention relates to the device that a kind of direct current power input is transformed to direct current power output.More particularly, be a kind of switch capacitor isolated DC transducer that is used for DC converting.
In the prior art, the concrete working method of DC converter (DC-DC) conversion has a variety of, and is well-known with regard to its operation principle, and electric component pressure type buck converter and converter type conversion (inverter) are arranged.
Above-mentioned electric component pressure type buck converter operation principle is seen shown in the accompanying drawing 1.Output voltage V o=RLVi/(R1+RL), this mode major defect is:
1, output voltage V o is not a fixed value, but changes with the variation of load RL.
2, on its minute piezoelectricity group R1 R1Vi is always arranged
2/ (R1+RL)
2Power loss, so conversion efficiency is low.
Above-mentioned converter type conversion operation principle block diagram as shown in Figure 2.Utilize inverter that DC power supply is converted to interchange,, by current rectifying and wave filtering circuit the alternating current of transformer output rectification again is converted to direct current again through the electromagnetic induction element transformer.There is following obvious weak point in this mode:
1, intermediate link is many, components and parts line construction complexity, and exist indispensable AC transformer, therefore, whole device volume is big and heavy, cost is high, design difficulty is big.
2, owing to the process multiple conversions, so power consumption is big, the complete machine inefficiency.
In the European patent EP 0297545 a kind of power-supply circuit is disclosed as shown in Figure 7.This circuit utilizes two electrical power storage element connected in series to accept power source charges, then respectively to separately load discharge, thereby realize the decompression transformation of direct voltage, though this circuit has been escaped the employing inversion transformation technique and adopt converter to carry out DC converting, but, on its working method, there is following weak point because its structure is limit:
1, this circuit is confined to unidirectional decompression transformation use, and for the two-way load provides step-down, its two-way is output into the pro rate supply voltage, thereby can't be applicable to that step-down ratio is big, and the bigger occasion of output current;
2, the pulsation of this circuit output voltage, current signal is bigger, though its main load (8-2) can not be eliminated dither preferably through the flat ripple of energy-storage travelling wave tube (capacitor 3).
The objective of the invention is to avoid the deficiencies in the prior art part, provide a kind of and can carry out step-down, boost bi-directional conversion, that output ripple is less, as need not adopt inverter and AC transformer commutator transformer.Utilize switching tube switching under the high frequency state, change the wiring of capacitor group, the capacitor group is discharged and recharged under the series, parallel mode respectively, thereby reach the purpose that the direct current power input directly is converted to direct current power output.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
The present invention is made up of high pressure end line, low pressure end line and charging and discharging circuit.
Described charging and discharging circuit by the capacitor group of forming by several capacitors, be connected high voltage control pipe between high pressure end line and the capacitor group, be connected low voltage control pipe between low pressure end line and the capacitor group, be connected the separating tube between each electric capacity of capacitor group and be connected in the capacitor group connecting to neutral pipe between each electric capacity and low-pressure end zero line and form.
The control end of described high voltage control pipe, low voltage control pipe, separating tube and connecting to neutral pipe is accepted pulse control signal respectively, alternately changes in conducting with under operating state with identical frequency.And, the conducting of described high voltage control pipe, separating tube and connecting to neutral pipe, low voltage control pipe and opposite by operating state.
The invention is characterized in: described converter is a two-way converter, comprising:
A, connect DC power supply at the high pressure end line, the low pressure end line connects load, and each switching tube is under pulse signal control, and on-off in an orderly manner is so that each electric capacity alternation is accepted power source charges and the step-down mode to the load end discharge in parallel in series connection in the capacitor group;
B, connect load at the high pressure end line, the low pressure end line connects DC power supply, and individual switching tube is under pulse signal control, and on-off in an orderly manner is so that each electric capacity alternation is accepted power source charges and the series connection boosting mode to load discharge in parallel connection in the capacitor group.
High and low pressure side load of the present invention can be an active load.
Purpose of the present invention can also be achieved through the following technical solutions.
Charging and discharging circuit described in the present invention is made up of two parts.Described two parts charging and discharging circuit has identical circuit structure, but in two parts loop, interior at one time conducting of each corresponding switching tube or the operating state of ending are opposite, two loops discharge and recharge in time with complementing one another, like this, just, can in load, obtain the less discharging current of continuous ripple.
The present invention compares prior art and has following advantage.
1, the present invention adopts switching tube and capacitance energy storage element, has changed the converter type DC converter of always prolonging usefulness for a long time, has cancelled AC transformer.Thereby, great simplification has been arranged on circuit structure, cost reduces greatly, and operating efficiency is improved, and machine loss only is switching tube on-state loss and leaky condenser loss.Owing to adopt the capacitance energy storage element, the Peak Operating Voltage that makes switching tube only is to input or output crest voltage, because the partition effect of switching tube, and the capacitance energy storage transition, make the complete machine interference free performance improve greatly than the contravariant converter.Under the break-make frequency of switching tube allowed, operating frequency was high more, and the energy storage capacitor capacitance is more little, and the ripple of output voltage is also more little.Under the situation that switching tube self-condition such as power, drop-out voltage, switching frequency etc. allow, transmission capacity of the present invention can reach sizable numerical value, and, capacity and capacitor C value are irrelevant, can be widely used in D.C. regulated power supply, dc voltage conversion, strong current generator and arc welding equipment etc.
2, compare prior art, the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly have step-down and the DC converter of the dual-use function that boosts.Electric energy can bi-directional, promptly under the situation that does not change wiring, can transmit from the high-pressure side to low-pressure side (step-down working method), also can be passed to high-pressure side (working method of boosting) by low-pressure side.Thereby it can have the power supply load, and this is great to energy-saving significance, and for example the electric traction train is when gliding, and DC motor is convertible into the electric energy reverse pumping to the braking amount of train and returns to electrical network on the train.
3, the present invention adopts the two-way complementary circuit, and the discharging current ripple coefficient of its output reduces greatly.
Fig. 1 is an electric component pressure type buck converter fundamental diagram in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a converter type converter operation principle block diagram in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is an electrical block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that the present invention is as the buck converter principle schematic.
Fig. 5 is that the present invention is as the booster converter principle schematic.
Fig. 6 adopts the principle schematic of complementary charging and discharging circuit for the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a patent EP0297545 disclosed circuit theory schematic diagram in Europe in the prior art.
Number in the figure: 1,2, the high pressure end line, 3,4, the low pressure end line, RD switching tube on-state electricity group.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing,, the present invention is further described by embodiment.
Embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 4, insert power supply Vi in 1,2 in high pressure end line, ri is a group in it, load RL connects 3,4 in low pressure end line, becomes buck converter.Because the pulse control signal that acts on switching tube Q end that is provided makes high voltage control pipe TH1, TH2, separating tube TG1, TG2 ... TGn-1 and low voltage control pipe TL1, TL2 ... TLn, connecting to neutral pipe To1, To2 ... Ton is opposite with the operating state of ending in the conducting of synchronization, therefore, as high voltage control pipe TH1, during the TH2 conducting, separating tube TG1, TG2 ... the TGn-1 conducting, connecting to neutral pipe To1, To2 ... Ton and low-voltage tube TL1, TL2 ... TLn all ends, capacitor group C1, C2 ... Cn becomes and is connected in series, and accept power supply Vi and charge, at this moment, charge circuit and load cut off, charge circuit equivalent electric group Ri=ri+(n+1) RD, equivalent capacity Ci=C/n, its charge constant τ i=RiCi, the pulse duration of the pulse control signal that is provided guarantees that each electric capacity has enough charging intervals, to be full of electricity, therefore, when charging process finished, the charging voltage on each capacitor C was Vi/n.When pulse control signal generation saltus step, high voltage control pipe TH1, TH2 transfer to and ending, separating tube TG1, TG2 ... TGn-1 also ends, connecting to neutral pipe To1, To2 ... Ton and low-voltage tube TL1, TL2 ... the equal conducting of TLn, each capacitor C 1, C2 in the capacitor group ... Cn then become is connected in parallel, and to load RL discharge, at this moment, discharge loop and power supply cut off.Discharge loop equivalent electric group Ro=RL+2RD/n, equivalent capacity Co=nC, its discharge time constant τ o=RoCo, the discharge process starting voltage is Vi/n.In the discharge process, the terminal voltage Uco=(1/n of equivalent capacity Co) Vie-t/ τ o, establish the discharge process pulse duration and be k τ o(wherein k for greater than zero constant), then, the voltage effective value of equivalent capacitor C o output is in the discharge process:
By following formula as seen, the number n of electric capacity is certain in the capacitor group, and the size of transmission coefficient is decided by the k value, also, is decided by the discharge process pulse duration.And the size of k value and transmission coefficient is inversely proportional to.
Arranged satisfying the capacitor group one enough charging intervals, under the prerequisite that is full of electricity, the adjustment of k value has dual mode, includes the frequency f of adjusting control impuls, or the control impuls duty ratio of adjusting discharge process.
Referring to Fig. 5, different is with buck converter shown in Figure 4, and booster converter is that power supply Vi connects 3,4 in low pressure end line in 1, the 2 indirect loads of high pressure end line, and ri is a group in it.Under the effect of pulse control signal, power source charges is accepted in the parallel connection of capacitor group, and discharges to load RL under series connection.Charge circuit equivalent electric group Ri=ri+2RD/n, equivalent capacity Ci=nC, charge constant τ i=RiCi, discharge loop equivalent electric group Ro=RL+(n+1) RD, equivalent capacity Co=C/n, discharge time constant τ o=RoCo, the pulse control signal that requires to be provided can guarantee that the capacitor group has enough charging intervals, make its charging process reach stable state, like this, discharge inception voltage is nVi.Can draw booster converter output voltage V o=nVi equally according to charge-discharge principle
。Identical with the buck converter principle, its transmission coefficient
Also can pass through to adjust the control impuls frequency f, or the control impuls width duty of regulating discharge process is regulated recently.
Figure 6 shows that the converter that adopts complementary charging and discharging circuit.
Fig. 4, in the converter shown in Figure 5, owing to adopt single charging and discharging circuit, what therefore draw on load RL is a voltage signal that is interrupted, in order to obtain the less discharging current of ripple coefficient, adopt converter as shown in Figure 6, its charging and discharging circuit is made up of charging and discharging circuit and charging and discharging circuit two parts, described two parts charging and discharging circuit has the same circuits structure, and in loop and loop two parts circuit, interior at one time conducting of each corresponding switching tube or the operating state of ending are opposite, two loop I, II discharges and recharges with complementing one another in time, like this, can draw a continuous discharging current on load RL.
In the present embodiment, each switching tube can be selected power MOSFET tube, wherein, high voltage control pipe TH1, TH2, TH ' 1, TH ' 2 are IRF455, and low voltage control pipe TL1, TL2, TL ' 1, TL2 ', separating tube TG1 ' TG1 and connecting to neutral pipe To1 ', To2 ', To1, To2 adopt 4N18.Even piezoelectricity group RG, RS, RG ' RS ' provide pulse control signal for separating tube, also press for each capacitor C 1, C2, C1 ', C2 ' in the capacitor group provide even.When 1,2 in high pressure end line inserts 300 volts of direct voltages, selecting capacitor C1, C2, C1 ', C2 ' is the noninductive electric capacity of 2 μ F/200v, RG ', RG are 14M Ω/1W, RS ', RS are 1M Ω/1W, draw as calculated, and the output voltage that its low pressure end line is 3,4 is 100 volts of burning voltages, maximum operating frequency is designed to 1MHZ, maximum output current 25A allows supply voltage Vi fluctuation range ± 10%, and maximum load power can be 3KW.
Because big electric current, high voltage, high-frequency switching tube (also being power electronic element) continue to bring out, existing at present power MOSFET, maximum current is 60A, maximum operating voltage 1000V; Bi-MOSFET Imax is 200A, and Vmax reaches 1000V; GTOImax reaches 4500A, and Vmax reaches 5000V; MOS control thyristor MCT through-put power has reached 10KVA, if said elements is used for the present invention, can design voltage of transformation grade height, electric current is big, through-put power applies to electric power system greatly DC converter, also will provide more service condition for direct current transportation in the electric power system.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of switch capacitor isolated DC transducer that is used for DC converting is made up of high pressure end line, low pressure end line and charging and discharging circuit;
Described charging and discharging circuit is by several capacitors (C1 is arranged, C2 ... Cn) the capacitor group of Zu Chenging, be connected high pressure end line (1,2) and the high voltage control pipe (TH1 between the capacitor group, TH2,) be connected the low voltage control pipe (TL1 between low pressure end line (3) and the capacitor group, TL2 ... TLn), be connected the separating tube (TG1 between each electric capacity of capacitor group, TG2 ... TGn-1) and be connected the connecting to neutral pipe (TO1 between each electric capacity and low pressure end line (4) in the capacitor group, TO2 ... TOn) form;
Described high voltage control pipe (TH1, TH2), low voltage control pipe (TL1, TL2 ... TLn), separating tube (TG1, TG2 ... TGn-1) and connecting to neutral pipe (TO1, TO2 ... TOn) control end is accepted pulse control signal respectively, alternately change in conducting with under operating state with identical frequency, and, the conducting of described high voltage control pipe, separating tube and connecting to neutral pipe, low voltage control pipe and opposite by operating state;
It is characterized in that: described converter is a two-way converter, comprising:
A, connect DC power supply at the high pressure end line, the low pressure end line connects load, and each switching tube is under pulse signal control, and on-off in an orderly manner is so that each electric capacity alternation is accepted power source charges and the step-down mode to the load end discharge in parallel in series connection in the capacitor group;
B, connect load at the high pressure end line, the low pressure end line connects DC power supply, and each switching tube is under pulse signal control, and on-off in an orderly manner is so that each electric capacity alternation is accepted power source charges and the series connection boosting mode to load discharge in parallel connection in the capacitor group;
2, DC converter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described high and low pressure side load is an active load.
3, DC converter according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described charging and discharging circuit is made up of charging and discharging circuit I and charging and discharging circuit II, described charging and discharging circuit I has identical circuit structure with the charging and discharging circuit II, in loop I and loop II two parts circuit each corresponding switching tube at one time in conducting or the operating state of ending opposite, two loop I, II discharge and recharge with complementing one another in time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90103872 CN1016919B (en) | 1990-05-26 | 1990-05-26 | Switch capacitor isolated dc transducer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90103872 CN1016919B (en) | 1990-05-26 | 1990-05-26 | Switch capacitor isolated dc transducer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1047944A CN1047944A (en) | 1990-12-19 |
| CN1016919B true CN1016919B (en) | 1992-06-03 |
Family
ID=4878291
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90103872 Expired CN1016919B (en) | 1990-05-26 | 1990-05-26 | Switch capacitor isolated dc transducer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1016919B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1052828C (en) * | 1997-08-21 | 2000-05-24 | 美禄科技股份有限公司 | Switch-type voltage-dropping type dc.-to-dc. power supply convertion circuit |
| CN102035374A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-04-27 | 马东林 | Capacitance matrix direct current-direct current voltage reduction technology |
| CN107276203A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-10-20 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of photovoltaic battery panel low-voltage electric power storage and high-voltage discharge device, its control method and application |
| CN107834844B (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2020-04-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Switched capacitor conversion circuit, charging control system and control method |
| CN109995011B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2024-04-16 | 冯良桓 | Full-direct-current step-up-down voltage transmission and power transmission system and method |
| CN111371156B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-04 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Charging circuit, charging control method and device, electronic device, and storage medium |
-
1990
- 1990-05-26 CN CN 90103872 patent/CN1016919B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1047944A (en) | 1990-12-19 |
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