CN1016880B - Process for manufacturing of lost casing and frames for use during said process - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention deals with the manufacturing of a lost casing of polygonal horizontal section throughout its height of inner and outer wall, by making use of an assembly jig made itself from standard elements(1,2,2a,3,4,5) such as frames (6-9 and beams, so that a series of jigs of different dimensions can be made. The casing being made on said jig by releasebly attaching plates(12,13) to the jig and by interconnecting said plates in seamless way. Inner and outer casing can be made on separate jigs. A series of standard frames may be applied.

Description

Process for manufacturing of lost casing and frames for use during said process

The present invention at first relates to a kind of manufacture method of being made of the double-walled hollow mould of inside and outside wall the plane that has, it is used for as the formwork as harbour civil engineering operations such as bridge pier, trestle, reservoir dams, the inside and outside wall of above-mentioned formwork is made by the wallboard that cuts into preliminary dimension and shape in advance, make formwork become inside or outside polygon also has outwards downward again gradient at least in the bottom of formwork corresponding inside and outside wall on each horizontal section, this inside and outside wall constitutes a sharp-pointed base.

The method of building the harbour engineering building at present is at first to make the double-walled hollow mould with steel plate, described steel plate is to cut into certain size and dimension in advance, and interconnect to form inwall and apart from the outer wall of inwall certain distance, the inside and outside wall steel plate is interconnective respectively so that each plane cross section of formwork is determined by the polygon of inside and outside wall with the mode of welding.At least in the bottom of formwork, the inside and outside wall of formwork forms a sharp-pointed base mutually towards outer incline downwards.Formwork is moved to the building objective then, gives filling with the coagulum such as cement in the space between the inside and outside wall of formwork at least, and formwork is stayed described objective in the useful life of building.

Method for manufacturing shuttering in the method for described this construction harbour engineering building can be by obtaining among the international patent application No.8703026 that public examination is provided.For example in this application, be described as building bridge pier or trestle and so on used a kind of formwork.This formwork is the hollow type formwork of double-walled.This formwork comprises inwall and outer wall, on each horizontal section this two all have polygonal shape, this moment, its outer wall was at least in lower area expansion outwardly downwards and and has downwards outwardly the inwall of expansion to form a sharp-pointed base equally.This formwork is used in its edges of boards stitch welding and between inwall and exterior panel by steel plate and runs through connecting piece and make.This hollow punching block shell can be equipped with bracing piece and build suitable moment such as engineerings such as bridge piers by the filling concrete to form a rigidity stanchion.

And the manufacturing of this formwork haves much room for improvement and produces to accelerate it, is used for building not only in vertical direction but also all the more so when the stanchion that size is all bigger in the horizontal direction or other element when formwork especially.Under large-sized situation, rigidity and support are necessary in manufacture process, because formwork in progress does not possess intrinsic stability.In addition, the double-walled hollow mould of this existing type is with steel plate it to be welded to each other to form, and they are not have more special servicing unit with manually-operated.Steel plate be made into trapezoidal usually and with manually with its edge mutually against remaking welding, often need three people to finish, the method for this manufacturing hollow mould is quite original.While is difficult to stable when not finishing fixedly for the steel plate of big molded dimension, parts may be difficult to too greatly grip in addition.

Therefore, the objective of the invention is the combination loose tool that adopts standardized structural element to combine, the wallboard of formwork wall removably temporarily attached on this combination loose tool, is welded into wallboard the wall of formwork again.

Like this, not only can synthesize the form and/or the size of required formwork wall by the standardized structural element random set, and the welding wallboard is also very convenient.In addition, loose tool itself has been to use standardized structural element to form, and these members just can carry out prefabricated in other somewhere or on the scene of certain predetermined cross-sectional size so that prefabricated job costs are cheap and can use the unskilled labor.

Realize that target of the present invention is that inwall is to have used the combination loose tool to manufacture at least, this loose tool be used in the vertical plane parallel to each other or have angle, interlink with a collection of standardized structural element of placing by the mode of spacing and to form, these members are had downwards by vertical and horizontal bars and bottom exterior lateral area to be formed towards the rod member of outer incline, horizontal bars with some predetermined lengths on the side that the court of these members turns up interlinks with any density, the inside panel of formwork be exactly detachable be attached on these horizontal bars and and interlink in seamless mode.

Above-mentioned member is vertically placed, and then made it to realize interlinking with the thing of the welding of the rod member mat of standard or bolt and so on.Above-mentioned member can be combined into bigger subassembly, simultaneously standardized structural element also can be in parallel plane the compartment of terrain place or be mutually in the plane of angle and place.Above-mentioned back kind mode has this necessity sometimes in the corner of formwork.

The inwall of formwork not only, and too to outer wall, all can on the loose tool assembly separately that forms that interlinks with standardized structural element, make, the outer wall that processes can take out from its loose tool assembly, sling and the past opposite side that is placed down in the inwall of formwork, this formwork can still lean against inner loose tool so that support, and also can not lean on, after this inside and outside two layers of wall interlink, and so the formwork of gained just can be hung oneself out from the loose tool of the inside.The dismounting of the loose tool of the inside can be done certainly equally.

In on the loose tool assembly, making formwork inwall process or after, be preferably in to be equipped with on the inwall and use the radiation chapelet of making such as connectors such as bolts, this just might directly interlink inwall and outer wall with above-mentioned chapelet, if but do not use the outer wall loose tool, equally also the steel plate that the formwork outer wall can be cut in advance is attached to one by one on the chapelet and in seamless mode and interlinks it.

Under above-mentioned two kinds of situations, it may be favourable doing like this: open some holes on the corresponding distance of distance and position of exterior panel and chapelet and position, the length of above-mentioned chapelet should allow them to pass these holes and have limit, the hole supporting base of suitable wallboard to take on, and also having connector can be attached at outer wall or wallboard on the chapelet.Perhaps, this kind chapelet is a simple bolt, is fixed on the inwall with the way of screw thread or welding, can have threaded and below the outer end of belt washer in order to support exterior panel, the nut that this wallboard is screwed on the threaded shank external part subsequently is adjacent to.

Before outer wall or outer wall steel plate attach, if requirement, in the concrete required reinforcing bar can the above-mentioned inwall of mat with the attached external surface that leans against the formwork inwall of the chapelet between above-mentioned reinforcing bar on, this kind chapelet has the introduction explanation on the concrete products production technology.

For the possibility of the formwork that can obtain to make different size and shape on the basis of the principle of the invention, for the purpose of simplifying and quickening to produce, the present invention has also proposed the possible scheme of several structures of the member of composition loose tool simultaneously.

Like this, propose according to of the present invention first, use being characterized as that member after the method for the present invention has: each standardized structural element itself is made up of the sub-member of a collection of rectangle standard and the sub-member of triangle.Can be assembled into a suitable standardized structural element of height overall of the loose tool of size and required production by means of the above-mentioned sub-member of a collection of rectangle and an above-mentioned sub-member of triangle.

Preferably the sub-member of all rectangles of this kind member has same width in seen member plane, and it is highly then selected by the series of standards height.Above-mentioned calibrated altitude can be for instance mutually than being 1: 2: 3: 4 so that obtain the height value of inner die in a big way with the combination of the several members of differing heights.

Convenient for the combination that makes loose tool, the sub-member of a certain calibrated altitude can interlink into the rectangle parallel block of a three-dimensional by means of horizontal bars.So just can obtain and adjacent stack to place, and the member of the box-shaped opening that interlinks in simple mode with bolt etc. for example, and because they self are stable, when the horizontal cross bar spare of specially attaching usefulness for inside and outside formwork is used to interlink above-mentioned member, need not make it to keep vertical specially.

Also can be at bottom section by in like manner finishing, it is to form with two triangle member mat horizontal bars at least the member of a three-dimensional, the length of above-mentioned horizontal bars is equivalent to the distance between vertical standardized structural element side rod.Correspondingly have the same width of three-dimensional rectangle member between above-mentioned triangle member and correspondingly pass the hole that is oppositely arranged by means of bolt again or vertical bar against each other interlinks with the rectangular elements placed adjacent.

Also two vertical members or sub-member can be made member at polygonal knuckle place, having angle mutually and with horizontal bars above-mentioned member is linked up with their face makes that they have triangle or antiparallelogram in plan view.This kind member can be as independent component form when the assembling loose tool, and for example octagonal formwork can be made by eight these class A of geometric unitA.

Also can do polygonal each limit according to the present invention without member, can use a kind of member as standard component, this member will include two outer vertical bars at least, every as one of end limit opposed on the formwork inwall yet to be built, vertical bar at least on top and the lower end span be that the horizontal bars of loose tool width is intersected binding, it is one outwards downward-sloping and equal the extension of the horizontal base rod member of loose tool width towards span that above-mentioned outer vertical bar has at the lower end place.

In other words, used member is to extend to another side from a side, and above-mentioned member needs inner reinforcing rib, and its more handy rod member constitutes, and for example adopts leg-of-mutton grid framework in the inside of member outside vertical bar.

Above-mentioned large quantities of member can interlink and form the part of a three-dimension-framework as loose tool.

The member of form and sub-member are described on certain.Their manufacturing and assembling all are easy to.They can and make up in the workplace that environment determined as required with any form easily.

For cutting the sheet material that gets off in advance, inside and outside wall in most of the cases is rectangular slab.In inclined wall portion,, may use trapezoidal plate comparatively favourable especially at the knuckle place.

In some cases, the demolition of exterior panel may be useful, as soon as the concrete of pouring enough solidifies, removes behind the connector that above-mentioned exterior panel can be removed or whole wooden partition is hung away.

The feature of the method for the manufacturing formwork that the present invention proposes is: have form by the plane in, the manufacture method of the double-walled hollow mould of external surface, it is used for the picture bridge pier, give trestle, in the harbour civil engineering operations such as reservoir dam as formwork, above-mentioned formwork make have steel plate in, outer wall, these wallboards cut by size and profile in advance, formwork is made and be inside or outside polygon in each horizontal section, and have outside gradient downwards and form a sharp-pointed base in the respective inner walls of formwork and the bottom of outer wall at least, the method is characterized in that, at least inwall used one the combination loose tool make, this loose tool itself is to be interlinked by a collection of standardized structural element to form, these members compartment of terrain in parallel vertical plane is placed or is become mutually in the plane of angle and places, and these members include vertical bar, horizontal bars and have downwards rod member towards outer incline at the bottom LHA, these members link intersecting with any density by means of some horizontal bars of predetermined length on the side of turning up, and the inwall of formwork and interlink in seamless mode is reclining on these horizontal bars detachable.

When the formwork inwall on the combination fetal membrane in the manufacture process or after making, above-mentioned inner wall arrangement has outside radial arrangement and has the chapelet of bolt and so on connecting piece.

The wallboard that cuts in advance of formwork outer wall is attached on the chapelet, and interlinks in seamless mode.

Outer wall is to make on the independent combination loose tool that is linked mutually by standardized structural element, and the outer wall after making unloads from the combination loose tool, and a side of hanging away and put down the inwall that places formwork is connected with this inwall again.

Porose on the exterior panel, its position and distance are corresponding with distance with the position of chapelet, and the length of above-mentioned chapelet should allow them can pass through those holes, and have the supporting base shoulder on suitable wall opening limit, also be provided with connecting piece outer wall or arm plate are attached on the chapelet.

Before outer wall or wallboard attach up, above-mentioned inwall of reinforcing bar mat that concrete is used and the spacer element between the above-mentioned reinforcing bar and take on the lateral surface that is attached to the formwork inwall.

The feature of the member that the method for the manufacturing formwork that the present invention proposes is used is: each standardized structural element itself is made up of the sub-member of a collection of rectangle standard and the sub-member of triangle.The sub-member of all rectangles of member sees to have identical width from the plane of member, it is highly then by selecting in the series of standards height.Interlinking of the sub-member mat horizontal bars of certain specific standard height forms the rectangle parallel block of a three-dimensional.The triangle member that has at least two mat horizontal bars to interlink forms a three-dimensional structure, and the length of above-mentioned horizontal bars is equivalent to the distance between vertical standardized structural element side rod.Described member by its plane be mutually an angle and for horizontal bars intersected the binding two vertical members or sub-member formed, making in the plane, they have the profile of triangle or antiparallelogram.Available above-mentioned member is formed the loose tool assembly.

And available the above member, combine composition loose tool assembly with following member, following component specification comprises two outer vertical bars for each standard component, each is as one of end limit opposed on the putamina inwall yet to be built, vertical bar at least on top and the lower end span be that the horizontal bars of loose tool width links mutually, above-mentioned outer vertical bar have at the lower end place one downwards towards outer incline, and then span equal the extension of the horizontal base rod member of loose tool width.One leg-of-mutton grid framework is arranged between the outer beams of member.Have at least two quilts in the above-mentioned member to interlink with the member that forms a three-dimensional a part as loose tool.

With reference now to accompanying drawing, the present invention will be described.

Fig. 1 is the top view by the signal of certain loose tool shown in one embodiment of the present of invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional drawing of add going up behind the inside and outside wallboard along Fig. 1 that II-the II line is done;

Shown in Figure 3 is the phantom drawing of loose tool among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 embodiment;

Fig. 4 diagrammatic view from above the figure shows the scheme that some standardized structural elements can be arranged and link mutually in different mode shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 5,6 and 7 is upright lateral view, the figure shows several possible composing methods when forming standardized structural element by sub-member;

Fig. 8 and 9 is a phantom drawing, the figure shows several possible composing methods when making member by the sub-member of three-dimensional;

Figure 10 is expressed as the vertical schematic sectional view of the loose tool in the formwork inwall;

Figure 11 is expressed as the vertical cross section of making the loose tool that the formwork outer wall uses with the same manner among Figure 10;

Figure 12 represents the sketch of another embodiment of member;

Figure 13 and Figure 14 are expressed as the member of making pattern shown in Figure 12 and the grid member sketch of usefulness.

Loose tool assembly shown in Fig. 1,2 and 3 is made up of the standardized structural element 1 that is positioned at vertical plane and a collection of horizontal cross bar spare 2 that links that intersects with it.This batch horizontal cross bar spare 2 is positioned at the inboard, in the outside a collection of horizontal cross bar spare 2a is arranged simultaneously, the inner panel of formwork can be attached on it.Above-mentioned transverse bar can adopt the suitable section configuration of I font and so on shown in Fig. 2 and 3.Above-mentioned vertical standardized structural element 1 is to intersect binding and form big lateral elements by long horizontal cross bar spare 2,2a.Above-mentioned member is actually rectangle respectively at the shape of being seen in top view and the elevation.The back back side is extended to the vertical bar 3 at the end and is constituted by top certainly.The rod member 5 that the preceding rod member 4 of standardized structural element 1 outwards extends to from the top and court has a down dip.

As without as shown in Fig. 1 and 3 as the used wide member of the long abutment wall of loose tool, can be with the less member of width such as member 6 and 7 or 8 and 9 shown in Figure 1.

As member 8 and 9 than primary structural component, can form trapezoidal together with horizontal member 10 and end limit member 11 in its outside.

The also available a collection of less unit construction of long member forms.

The cross section of all members can use difform cross section as the U-type, the I-type, and L-type cross section reaches the cross section as this type of.

Dull and stereotyped 12 and 13 are attached on the outer wing plate of transverse bar 2a in the outside that can see the formwork inwall on the sectional drawing shown in Figure 2.

Above-mentioned wallboard can be connected with welding method, for example shown in 14.Can be fixed on bolt 15 on the above-mentioned wallboard with welding or other method.

Exterior panel as the formwork outer wall in Fig. 2 marks with 18.They are close on threaded that end of bolt 15 by nut 19.Be to keep with the distance between the 12 and 18 inside and outside wallboards of representing respectively by the lining 20 that is enclosed within on the bolt 15.

Also can be with packing ring 20 ' replace lining.

After the formwork manufacturing finishes, can untie 12 of transverse bar 2a and inside panels binding so that it can unload from loose tool.

Figure 4 shows that another slightly different embodiment.

Member 1 be equally use as 2 and the horizontal cross bar spare of 2a and so on intersect binding.

On the limit, adopt less member 6 equally.Difference is can use triangle member 21 betwixt.This member 21 is to be mutually the standardized structural element 1 that acute angle is placed with two, perhaps uses independent standard member 1 ' parallel with the main member 1 of primary structural component 7, keeps its position with the additional rod member shown in the dotted line 22.

Also express a kind of structure of strengthening usefulness between the member that interconnection forms, it is to make by traversing part 22 and 23, and these traverse part may be continuous, also may be as being made by short part.

Fig. 5 represents by the formed standardized structural element assembly of a collection of sub-member.Sub-member 25 and 26 has identical height.The height of member 27 correspondingly is about 1/3 of member 26 for half and member 28 of member 25 and 26 height.Make this assembly become complete assembly with triangle member 29.

In Fig. 6, form standardized structural element by the sub-member 30 that forms along whole highly stretching, extensions and in conjunction with the sub-member 29 of triangle.

In Fig. 7, there are two sub-members 25 and 26 to combine with two members with member 28 height.Two rectangular member and two little triangle members 32 have also been used.

The width of the sub-member of all rectangles in view plane all is identical.

Fig. 8 represents highly different but the sub-member 33,34 of the rectangle of other measure-alike three-dimensional and 35.This standardized structural element and a triangle member 36 combine, and the distance of the vertical rod 37 of this triangle member and 38 distance and vertical rod 39 and 40 equates.

Fig. 9 shows that one is that leg-of-mutton sub-member and a triangle member 36 combine by 41 horizontal sections that indicated.The hem width of sub-member 41 should equate with the hem width of member 36 vertical rectangles.

Figure 10 is expressed as the vertical cross-section of making the used loose tool 42 of inwall 43.

Figure 11 represents under the same ratio chi for making the used loose tool 44 of outer wall 45.

In Figure 10, above-mentioned outer wall 45 is placed on the top to form formwork of inwall.Linking method between inside and outside wall is also not shown, but can use the method shown in Fig. 2.

Figure 12 shows that one has the three-dimensional structure of outside rod member 46,47, it has one downwards, outwards stretches is respectively 48,49 bottom and is that the horizontal beam 50 and 51 of whole loose tool width comes interconnection with span.Above-mentioned member 46,47,48,49,50,51 can be combined into three-dimensional member with the horizontal beam as 52.

For the stability that reaches above-mentioned member exists several feasible methods.

Figure 13 expresses a kind of feasible method that is put a leg-of-mutton grills between vertical bar 46 and 47, and the direction in length and breadth in vertical and level makes it be full of entire inner space.Figure 14 represents described a kind of grills.

Claims (12)

1, the manufacture method of double-walled hollow mould, the manufacture method of this formwork is meant the manufacture method of the double-walled hollow mould that uses in the method for building the harbour engineering building, this method for manufacturing shuttering is made the double-walled hollow mould with steel plate, described steel plate cuts into certain size and dimension in advance and interconnects with the formation inwall with apart from the outer wall of inwall certain distance with the mode of welding, in described, the steel plate of outer wall be interconnect respectively so that each plane cross section of formwork by interior, the polygon of outer wall is determined, at least in the bottom of formwork, in the formwork, outer wall forms a sharp-pointed base mutually towards outer incline downwards, formwork is moved to the objective of building then, it is characterized in that, be that the inwall of formwork removably is attached to described inwall and movably makes up on the loose tool and make at least; With before the combination loose tool temporarily combine, make up that loose tool is interconnected by a plurality of standardized structural elements and assembled at wallboard; Each standardized structural element is positioned in perpendicular with interval mode and is parallel to each other or mutually at angle; Each member comprise vertical bar and horizontal bars and lower area downwards towards the rod member of outer incline; Member interconnects it with horizontal bars on a side of turning up at member on suitable mutually position; The wallboard of formwork wall removably is combined on the horizontal bars; Then interconnect wallboard with seamless way; Make up then loose tool be removed before or after inwall be connected with outer wall.

2, method for manufacturing shuttering according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the formwork inwall on the combination loose tool is purchased the chapelet of the linkage with all bolts that outwards protrudes out in manufacture process or after making on described inwall.

3, as method for manufacturing shuttering as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that each pre-cut steel plate of formwork outer wall is connected on the chapelet and with seamless way it is interconnected.

4, method for manufacturing shuttering as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the formwork outer wall also is to make independently being interconnected by standardized structural element on the combination loose tool that forms; Outer wall is pulled down by the combination loose tool from it after being made into, and is sling and be lowered on the opposite side of formwork inwall again; Linkage with described chapelet is connected it with inwall.

5, as method for manufacturing shuttering as described in the claim 3, it is characterized in that having the hole on the exterior panel, the position in this hole is corresponding with the position and the distance of chapelet with distance; Described chapelet has the length that can extend through the hole, and has the supporting shoulder on suitable cinclides limit, also has outer wall or wallboard are connected to linkage on the chapelet.

6, as method for manufacturing shuttering as described in the claim 4, it is characterized in that having the hole on the exterior panel, the position in this hole is corresponding with the position and the distance of chapelet with distance; Described chapelet has the length that can extend through the hole, and has the supporting shoulder on suitable cinclides limit, also has outer wall or wallboard are connected to linkage on the chapelet.

As method for manufacturing shuttering as described in claim 3 or 5, it is characterized in that 7, before outer wall or wallboard attached up, the reinforcing bar that concrete is used was taken on the outside that is attached to the formwork inwall with the spacer element between described wall and the described reinforcing bar.

As method for manufacturing shuttering as described in the claim 4, it is characterized in that 8, before outer wall or wallboard attached up, the reinforcing bar that concrete is used was taken on the outside that is attached to the formwork inwall with the spacer element between described wall and the described reinforcing bar.

9, a kind ofly build the combination loose tool that the double-walled hollow mould manufacture method that adopted in the method for ocean engineering building is used, it is characterized in that, described combination loose tool is combined by standardized structural element, and each standardized structural element comprises sub-member of a plurality of rectangle standards and the sub-member of at least one triangle; From the plane of member, the sub-member of all rectangles has identical width, highly then by selecting in the series of standards height; The sub-member of specific standard height interconnects with horizontal bars and forms the rectangular parallelepiped of a three-dimensional.

10, as loose tool as described in the claim 9, it is characterized in that adjacent at two but settle three-dimensional structure between the three-dimensional rectangle parallel body that separates, this three-dimensional structure has triangle or trapezoidal base frame, settle at angle mutually with two standardized structural elements, and with horizontal bars it is interconnected and to form.

11, as loose tool as described in claim 9 or 10, it is characterized in that, each standardized structural element comprises two vertical bars, these two vertical bars are to make usefulness as the inwall two end limits vis-a-vis of formwork, it are interconnected with the horizontal bars of crossing over the loose tool width in the top and the lower end of vertical bar at least; Described outer vertical bar has downwards towards outer incline in its lower end, the part of extending towards the horizontal bars of crossing over the Mould Breadth degree.

12, as loose tool as described in the claim 11, it is characterized in that between the rod member of the outside of member, having the triangle grid members.

Images