CN101674014B - Topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit - Google Patents

Topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit Download PDF

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CN101674014B
CN101674014B CN2009100444016A CN200910044401A CN101674014B CN 101674014 B CN101674014 B CN 101674014B CN 2009100444016 A CN2009100444016 A CN 2009100444016A CN 200910044401 A CN200910044401 A CN 200910044401A CN 101674014 B CN101674014 B CN 101674014B
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stepping
capacitor
circuit
diode
voltage
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CN101674014A (en
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林文彪
吴强
刘旭君
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Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co Ltd
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Zhuzhou CSR Times Electric Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a topology structure of a stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit. A first switch tube V1 is firstly connected with an inductor L and a second switch tube V2 in series and then connected on a power supply Us in parallel; a first diode D1 is firstly connected with a second capacitor C2 and a second diode D2 in series and then connected at both ends of the inductor L in parallel, a first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel on a branch comprising the first switch tube V1, the inductor L and the second diode D2; a third capacitor C3 is connected in parallel on a branch comprising the second switch tube V2, the inductor L and the first diode D1; and a load RL is connected on the second capacitor C2 in parallel. In the invention, the voltage stress borne by the switch tubes V1 and V2 is smaller and is only (Us+Uo)/2, the average voltage borne by the capacitors C1 and C3 is (Us-Uo)/2, and the requirement of the voltage stress of the capacitors is lowered, therefore, the invention can adapt to an occasion with higher voltage, prolong the service life and lower the cost.

Description

A kind of topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit
Technical field
The invention belongs to stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit, be specifically related to a kind of topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit.
Background technology
As its name suggests, the existing boost function of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit also has buck functionality, in time adjusts the state of switching tube according to the variation of input voltage, keeps the stable of output.Buck-Boost circuit, Cuk circuit, Sepic circuit, Zeta circuit are four kinds of modal topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit.Switching tube all will bear higher voltage stress relatively in circuit topological structure, and wherein switching tube bears 2U in the Buck-Boost circuit S(U SBe input voltage, down with) voltage stress, switching tube bears U in other three kinds of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit topologys S+ U O(U OBe output voltage, down with) voltage stress; Therefore these circuit topologies have just received certain restriction in the use of high pressure occasion, perhaps will adopt the more switching tube of voltage levels, and this will inevitably cause the increase of product cost.
In the prior art, exist the relation (wherein α is a switching tube conducting duty ratio, 0≤α≤1) of Uo=Us * α between the input and output voltage of Buck circuit, thereby the Buck circuit only has buck functionality, do not have boost function; And exist the relation of Uo=Us/ (1-α) between the input and output voltage of Boost circuit, can only realize that boost function can not realize buck functionality.For the function that realizes buck copped wave just must get up Buck circuit and Boost circuit synthesis could realize function corresponding, and comprehensively be not only the combination of circuit structure, also comprise evolution combinational circuit; Four kinds of basic stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuits such as above-mentioned Buck-Boost develop on Buck circuit and basis that the Boost circuit combines and come.In some document, mentioned other a kind of topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit, physical circuit is as shown in Figure 1.In this main circuit, capacitor C 1, C2, C3 are connected in series, the end of C1 and power supply U sPositive pole link to each other the other end and output voltage U oNegative pole link to each other; And the end of C3 and power supply U sNegative pole link to each other the other end and output voltage U oPositive pole link to each other.Capacitor C 1 in this circuit, the average voltage that C3 bore are the half the of input and output voltage sum, are (Us+Uo)/2.The required voltage stress that bears of electric capacity is higher, or improves the rated operational voltage of electric capacity, or reduces the requirement to voltage stress through the connection in series-parallel of electric capacity.Same electric capacity bears high voltage stress, to the useful life of electric capacity, the equal deleterious impact of the reliability of system is especially obvious in the high-power occasion.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit for the problem that solves the prior art existence; It can reduce the voltage stress that switching tube is born in the course of the work; Circuit can work in higher voltage occasion; Increase the service life, reduce cost, reduce volume, improve system reliability.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical proposals:
Topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit of the present invention; Comprise power supply Us, the first switching tube V1, second switch pipe V2, inductance L, the first diode D1, the second diode D2, first capacitor C 1, second capacitor C 2, the 3rd capacitor C 3 and load RL: wherein the first switching tube V1 and inductance L and second switch pipe V2 are connected in parallel on the power supply Us after in sequential series; Be connected in parallel on the inductance L two ends after the first diode D1 and second capacitor C 2 and the second diode D2 are in sequential series; First capacitor C 1 is connected in parallel on the branch road of the first switching tube V1 and inductance L and second diode D2 composition; The 3rd capacitor C 3 is connected in parallel on the branch road of second switch pipe V2 and inductance L and first diode D1 composition, and load RL is connected in parallel on second capacitor C 2.
Topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit provided by the invention is equivalent to two phase DC/DC DC converters in essence, and the duty ratio size of two switching tube driving pulses is the same, just the phase difference of half cycle on phase place.When the conducting duty ratio of switching tube was not more than 0.5, there was not the situation of conducting simultaneously in two switching tubes, and circuit working is in decompression mode, U S, V1, L, D2, C2, C3 form a Buck circuit, U S, V2, L, D1, C2, C1 form another Buck circuit.When the driving pulse conducting duty ratio of switching tube greater than 0.5 the time, U S, V1, L, V2 form a Boost circuit, when V1, V2 in turn as the main switch of Boost circuit.The voltage (Us+Uo)/2 that this contactor pipe is born is merely about half in four kinds of topological structures of prior art.Owing to adopt two switching tubes, and two switches are alternate conduction and shutoff, have improved the switching frequency of system, have reduced the volume and the capacity of energy storage inductor, have reduced the pulsation of output voltage.Simultaneously the electric capacity connected mode on the main circuit is improved; Reduced requirement to capacitance voltage stress; Capacitor C 1, the voltage that C3 bore are merely (Us-Uo)/2, so it is having more advantage with respect to topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit shown in Figure 1 aspect required voltage stress that bears of electric capacity.Reduced the requirement to capacitance voltage stress, than higher occasion, the voltage stress that is born on the electric capacity differs greatly at input and output voltage, bears low voltage stress, can improve the useful life of electric capacity, improves the reliability of system.Advantage at high-power occasion this respect is just more obvious.
Further specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing,
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit sketch map.
Fig. 2 is a topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit sketch map of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit of the present invention when working in decompression mode.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit of the present invention when working in boost mode.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of one of topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit application of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is two a circuit diagram of topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit application of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 2 has provided the circuit topological structure sketch map of one embodiment of the present of invention.Comprise power supply Us, switching tube V1, switching tube V2, inductance L, diode D1, diode D2, capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2, capacitor C 3 and load RL in the circuit topological structure; Concrete annexation is: the c utmost point of switching tube V1 is connected to the positive pole of power supply Us, and the e utmost point of switching tube V1 is connected to an end of inductance L; The other end of inductance L is connected to the c utmost point of switching tube V2, and the e utmost point of switching tube V2 is connected to the negative pole of power supply Us; The negative electrode of diode D1 is connected to the e utmost point of switching tube V1; Anode is connected to an end of capacitor C 2 (when C2 uses electrochemical capacitor; The anode of diode D1 should be connected to the negative pole of capacitor C 2); The other end of capacitor C 2 (is exactly the positive pole of capacitor C 2 as far as electrochemical capacitor) is connected to the negative electrode of diode D2, and the anode of diode D2 is connected to the c utmost point of switching tube V2; One end of capacitor C 1 is connected to the c utmost point of switching tube V1, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of diode D2; One end of capacitor C 3 is connected to the e utmost point of switching tube V2, and the other end is connected to the anode of diode D1; The load positive input terminal is connected to the negative electrode of diode D2, and negative input end is connected to the anode of diode D1.
Switching tube is that pin title according to IGBT describes on the above-mentioned annexation, if the switching tube of other types, then pin need be changed accordingly.
Switching tube can be a kind of in the intelligent gate-controlled switch devices such as IGBT, IPM, MOSFET, and diode can be independent diode (led) module, also can be the inner integrated diode components of switching device such as IGBT.
Operation principle:
Actually in this circuit topological structure comprising two DC/DC translation circuits.The duty ratio size of the drive signal of two switching tubes is the same, the phase difference of half cycle on the phase place, change switching tube drive signal conducting duty ratio, and just can change output voltage, relation below existing between the input and output voltage:
U o = α 1 - α U S
Wherein α is a switching tube conducting duty ratio.When α≤0.5, circuit working is in the buck chopper pattern, and when α＞0.5, circuit working is at boost mode.For the ease of understanding, circuit topology also is divided into decompression mode and boost mode is set forth.
When α≤0.5, circuit working is in decompression mode, and the concrete course of work is:
Figure G2009100444016D00051
V2 ends the V1 conducting: power supply Us charges to capacitor C 3 through V1, L, D2, C2; C1 discharges through V1, L, D2 loop; C2 is that RL provides energy through C2, RL loop, normally exports to keep RL.
Figure G2009100444016D00052
V1 is transferred to by (V2 remain off) by conducting: because the electric current on the L can not suddenly change, L will charge NE BY ENERGY TRANSFER through D1, L, D2, RL loop to load RL and to capacitor C 2; L also passes through Us, C3, D1, L, D2, C1 loop to C1, C3 reverse charging simultaneously.
Figure G2009100444016D00053
V2 transfers conducting (V1 remain off) to by ending: Us charges to capacitor C 1 through V2, L, D1, C2; C3 discharges through D1, L, V2 loop; C2 is that RL provides energy through C2, RL loop, normally exports to keep RL.
Figure G2009100444016D00054
V2 is transferred to by (V1 remain off) by conducting: because the electric current on the L can not suddenly change, L will charge NE BY ENERGY TRANSFER through D1, L, D2, RL loop to load RL and to capacitor C 2; L also passes through C1, Us, C3, D1, L, D2 loop to C1, C3 reverse charging simultaneously.
Figure G2009100444016D00055
V1 has got back to the first step of the course of work in fact again by by transferring conducting (V2 remain off) to.
When α＞0.5, circuit working is in boost mode, and the concrete course of work is:
Figure G2009100444016D00056
V1, V2 conducting simultaneously; Power supply Us directly is added on the L, the L storage power; Us charges to C1, C3 through Us, C1, RL, C3 loop; C2 is that RL provides energy through C2, RL loop, normally exports to keep RL.
Figure G2009100444016D00057
V1 is transferred to by (V2 keeps conducting) by conducting; Because of the L electric current can not suddenly change, L will charge to C2; Us charges to C1 through Us, C1, C2, D1, L, V2 loop; C3 is through D1, L, V2, the discharge of C3 loop.
Figure G2009100444016D00061
V1 transfers conducting (V2 keeps conducting), L storage power to by ending; Us charges to C1, C3 through Us, C1, RL, C3 loop; C2 is that RL provides energy through C2, RL loop, normally exports to keep RL.
Figure G2009100444016D00062
V2 is transferred to by (V1 keeps conducting) by conducting; Because of the L electric current can not suddenly change, L will charge to C2; Us charges to C3 through Us, V1, L, D2, C2, C3 loop; C1 is through V1, L, D2, the discharge of C1 loop.
V2 turns back to V1, V2 conducting state simultaneously by by transferring conducting (V1 keeps conducting) to.
When stable state, the voltage sum on C1, C2, the C3 electric capacity equals input voltage Us, and capacitor C 1, the average voltage that C3 bore are (Us-Uo)/2.When input voltage was higher than desired output voltage, circuit working was in the buck chopper pattern, and V1, V2 driving pulse conducting duty ratio are less than 0.5; When input voltage was lower than desired output voltage, circuit working was in boost mode, and V1, V2 driving pulse conducting duty ratio have the situation of two switching tubes conducting simultaneously greater than 0.5.When input voltage changes,, reach the result who keeps stable output according to input voltage adjustment V1, V2 driving pulse duty ratio.
After circuit reaches stable state, have according to Kirchhoff's second law:
Us＝U C1+U C2+U C3
And U C1=U C3, U C2=U o, and then obtain:
U C1＝U C3＝(Us-U O)/2
When the V1 conducting, when V2 ends, the voltage that V2 bore is:
U V2＝Us-U C1＝Us-(Us-U O)/2＝(Us+U O)/2
In like manner, when the V2 conducting, when V1 ends, the voltage that V1 bore is:
U V1=Us-U C3=Us-(Us-U O)/2=(Us+U O)/2 have according to Kirchhoff's second law after circuit reaches stable state:
Us＝U C1+U C2+U C3
And U C1=U C3, U C2=U o, and then obtain:
U C1＝U C3＝(Us-U O)/2
When the V1 conducting, when V2 ends, the voltage that V2 bore is:
U V2＝Us-U C1＝Us-(Us-U O)/2＝(Us+U O)/2
In like manner, when the V2 conducting, when V1 ends, the voltage that V1 bore is:
U V1＝Us-U C3＝Us-(Us-U O)/2＝(Us+U O)/2
Application example 1
One of application of the present invention; As shown in Figure 5; On the basis of topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit; Input filter circuit (L1 and C4 form LC filtering), soft starting circuit (counnter attack diode V3, charging resistor R1, short circuit contactor KM1 form), switching tube protective circuit and input and output voltage parameter detecting circuit (current sensor SC1, SC2, voltage sensor SV1, SV2) have been increased.The filter circuit that operation principle: L1 and C4 form carries out filtering to the input power supply; The input power supply charges to electric capacity through counnter attack diode V3, charging resistor R1; After charging is accomplished; KM1 closes and with counnter attack diode V3, charging resistor branch road short circuit, novel elevating presses chopper circuit to start working then.
Application example 2
Two of application of the present invention, as shown in Figure 6, it is on the basis of circuit shown in Figure 5, and with " two-tube IGBT " replacement " switching tube and connected diode ", a switching tube among the two-tube IGBT is as main switch, and another one is used as diode.

Claims (1)

1. topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit; Comprise power supply Us, the first switching tube V1, second switch pipe V2, inductance L, the first diode D1, the second diode D2, first capacitor C 1, second capacitor C 2, the 3rd capacitor C 3 and load RL: wherein the first switching tube V1 and inductance L and second switch pipe V2 are connected in parallel on the power supply Us after in sequential series; Be connected in parallel on the inductance L two ends after the first diode D1 and second capacitor C 2 and the second diode D2 are in sequential series; First capacitor C 1 is connected in parallel on the branch road of the first switching tube V1 and inductance L and second diode D2 composition; The 3rd capacitor C 3 is connected in parallel on the branch road of second switch pipe V2 and inductance L and first diode D1 composition, and load RL is connected in parallel on second capacitor C 2.
CN2009100444016A 2009-09-25 2009-09-25 Topology structure of stepping-up/stepping-down chopper circuit Expired - Fee Related CN101674014B (en)

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CN107925350B (en) 2015-08-11 2020-05-26 皇家飞利浦有限公司 Converter circuit for reducing rated capacitor voltage
CN105119489B (en) * 2015-08-28 2017-10-31 株洲南车时代电气股份有限公司 A kind of Bidirectional up-down presses chopper circuit
CN105978388B (en) * 2016-06-02 2019-02-01 燕山大学 One kind can inhibit leakage current single-phase buck-boost type photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and its control method

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CN201699583U (en) * 2009-09-25 2011-01-05 株洲南车时代电气股份有限公司 Topological structure of voltage boosting and reducing chopper circuit

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CN201699583U (en) * 2009-09-25 2011-01-05 株洲南车时代电气股份有限公司 Topological structure of voltage boosting and reducing chopper circuit

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