CN101672539B - Antifreezing method for solar energy collection system and antifreezing solar energy collection system - Google Patents
Antifreezing method for solar energy collection system and antifreezing solar energy collection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101672539B CN101672539B CN 200810149454 CN200810149454A CN101672539B CN 101672539 B CN101672539 B CN 101672539B CN 200810149454 CN200810149454 CN 200810149454 CN 200810149454 A CN200810149454 A CN 200810149454A CN 101672539 B CN101672539 B CN 101672539B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Abstract
The invention discloses an antifreezing method for a solar energy collection system, which is used for the forced circulation solar energy collection system. The antifreezing method comprises the following steps: utilizing the increased liquid kinetic energy to convey liquid in a heat collection water thank or a lower liquid storage water tank on a lower part of a system to a head liquid storage water tank on an upper part of the system; utilizing natural trickles to flow the liquid in the head liquid storage water tank to the lower liquid storage water tank on the lower part of the system or the heat collection water tank through a system pipe; repeatedly circulating the liquid conveyance and natural trickles to enable the liquid in the pipe of the solar energy collection system requiring antifreeze to be always in a flowing state. When the solar energy collection system requires the antifreeze, liquid in the circulating pipe is not allowed to be static to form freezing, so the solar energy collection system can effectively prevent freezing and save energy, and improve the reliability and service life of the system. The invention also relates to an antifreezing solar energy collection system adopting the antifreezing method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the means to prevent freezing of solar thermal collection system, freeze so that solar thermal collection system avoids pipeline when environment temperature is low.Simultaneously, the invention still further relates to a kind of antifreeze solar thermal collection system that adopts said method.
Background technology
In the existing solar thermal collection system, the liquid that is exposed in the outdoor pipeline (comprising the pipeline of circulation pipe under the thermal-arrest heat collection water tank, thermal-arrest heat collection water tank upper circular tube and heat collector etc.) of cold can be owing to winter temperature is crossed low freezing, cause frozen block, even bursting by freezing can not use, and uses to the user and causes greater loss.
Under prior art, for above-mentioned frozen problem, usually adopt three kinds of solutions of the antifreeze and timed and forced circulation of electrical heating antifreezing and pipeline evacuation.First method is to install the electric tracing line outside pipeline additional, when water temperature may cause frozen block near 2 ℃ in detecting pipeline, automatically starts this electric tracing line the pipeline outer wall is heated to avoid the pipeline frozen block.In this scheme, enable the electric tracing line and need to consume more electric energy, and passing in time, the start-up temperature detection sensitivity of electric tracing line can reduce, in most of the cases, the start-up temperature of open and close controlling can raise gradually, so that antifreeze cost significantly rises.
Second method under the prior art is: winter, the water in the pipeline was emptying in advance out of doors with solar thermal collection system.Such as Chinese patent ZL200720022549.6 (denomination of invention: the solar water heater with defroster) just provide the solar water heater with defroster, the pipeline first line of a couplet that the heat collector water pipe stretches out the heat collection water tank part is connected to evacuated tube, and the tail end of evacuated tube is equipped with exhaust-valve; When opening exhaust-valve, the water in the solar thermal collector pipeline is out of doors drained, thereby prevents that water is frozen in water pipe from freezing crack in the pipeline.Yet in this scheme, also must be all emptying the water in the solar thermal collection system pipeline in antifreeze, so that heat wherein is also thereupon loose, the temperature of recirculated water is difficult to be accumulated, the efficient of annual solar energy heating is also on the low side significantly; In addition, the water temperature in the heat collection water tank of the long-term emptying water storage of system is higher, and bacterial growth is difficult the inhibition, is difficult to reach the hygienic quality that secondary cycle thermal-arrest mode is made hot water.
The third method is to adopt forced circulation antifreeze, namely utilize the timed and forced circulation of water circulating pump to conduct heat to outdoor pipeline and solve the prevention frozen block, in this scheme, because solar thermal collection system water circulating pump load is large, often be in and start and "on" position will consume wearing and tearing and reduction service life of too much electric energy, increase water circulating pump, reduce the reliability of solar heat collecting and circulating system, in case water circulating pump breaks down, heat collector and pipeline will be damaged by bursting by freezing also will.
Summary of the invention
For defects, the present invention improves in prior art, and a kind of means to prevent freezing of solar thermal collection system is provided, and adopts the solar thermal collection system of this means to prevent freezing, can be so that solar thermal collection system can be effectively antifreeze, again can be energy-conservation, stable, be improved service life.
For this reason, the invention provides the solar thermal collection system means to prevent freezing, be used for the solar thermal collection system of forced circulation.This means to prevent freezing utilization increases liquid kinetic energy, the low level of heat collection water tank or system's lower is held liquid is transported to the high-order liquid storage water tank that is positioned at system's eminence in the liquid water tank; Then utilize the nature drip, make that liquid holds liquid water tank or heat collection water tank through the low level that system pipeline flows to system's lower in the above-mentioned high-order liquid storage water tank; Aforesaid liquid is carried and natural drip circulates again and again, makes the liquid in the pipeline that needs in the antifreeze solar thermal collection system be in all the time flow regime.
Find after deliberation: for the water that flows, except the molecular motion of itself, also has the kinetic energy that is converted by gravitional force, so, temperature will fetter, and will be not only molecular potential, also comprise kinetic energy, as long as it is enough low that environment temperature does not reach, so that the relative static balancing condition that equals to inhale mutually of repelling each other between hydrone does not satisfy, just do not tie ice.
The means to prevent freezing of solar thermal collection system of the present invention, adopting exactly increases kinetic energy with the pre-anti-freeze of the mode that does not allow level become quiet.Be with the means to prevent freezing difference of the solar thermal collection system of existing forced circulation: the present invention not only utilizes forced circulation to make liquid flow in the pipeline, also the liquid of low level is transported to a high position, after storing enough potential energy, again so that high-order liquid, utilize the natural law of " Water seeks its own level ", so that the water of eminence flows back to lower again, be kinetic energy with potential energy converting and energy, and this backflow, just rely on the gravity of water itself, belong to Natural Circulation, this moment, water circulating pump was not worked, and was freed.
In addition, owing in the heat collection water tank of solar thermal collection system heat-insulation layer is arranged, so the fluid temperature of heat collection water tank is generally higher.So just can make and be always the higher liquid of temperature in the solar thermal collection system pipeline, also effectively contain the generation of freezing.
Therefore, the means to prevent freezing of solar thermal collection system of the present invention can guarantee that liquid in the pipeline can not freeze to cause frozen block.In addition, in the situation that needs are antifreeze, just part utilizes water circulating pump to carry out forced circulation, and namely water circulating pump is not always in running order.Obviously, greatly less energy loss, thus reach energy-conservation purpose, also prolonged the service life of water circulating pump, then increased the stability of whole system.
For taking full advantage of the means to prevent freezing of solar thermal collection system of the present invention, the present invention also provides the antifreeze solar thermal collection system that adopts above-mentioned means to prevent freezing, comprise heat collection water tank, heat collector, water circulating pump, heat collection water tank bottom circulation pipe under heat collection water tank connects heat collector, heat collection water tank top connects heat collector through the heat collection water tank upper circular tube, circulation pipe is provided with water circulating pump under the heat collection water tank, under heat collection water tank on the circulation line and a water circulating pump valve in parallel; Eminence at above-mentioned solar thermal collection system also has high-order liquid storage water tank, high-order liquid storage water tank input, output all and the heat collection water tank upper circular tube connect; Also have low level at the lower of above-mentioned solar thermal collection system and hold the liquid water tank, the input, output that low level holds the liquid water tank all and under the heat collection water tank circulation pipe link.
In antifreeze solar thermal collection system of the present invention, high-order liquid storage water tank input connects through two position three-way valve and heat collection water tank upper circular tube.Thereby function as follows: the heat collection water tank upper circular tube the both sides conducting of high-order liquid storage water tank input end and by, high-order liquid storage water tank input and heat collection water tank upper circular tube a side (the water circulating pump pump water direction one side) conducting of high-order liquid storage water tank input end and by.
For so that in the pipeline liquid flow steadily, high-order liquid storage water tank output can through the output dropping system and and the heat collection water tank upper circular tube connect.The output dropping system is choke valve or with the dropper of check valve.
In addition, low level holds the liquid water tank can adopt telescopic water tank, and for the sake of simplicity, input, output that low level holds the liquid water tank can unite two into one, and is combined into a simply connected and takes over, and circulation pipe links under valve and heat collection water tank.Heat collection water tank is the enclosed heat collection water tank, and and above-mentioned low level hold liquid water tank, valve, simply connected and take over and be integrated.
Obviously, solar thermal collection system of the present invention, it both can be direct-type solar thermal collection system (i.e. cycle heat exchange solar thermal collection system, the water tank of configuration direct heat transfer), also can be indirect type solar thermal collection system (being secondary cycle heat exchange solar thermal collection system, the water tank of configuration secondary heat exchange).The direct-type solar thermal collection system refers to the system of direct heating water supply user in solar thermal collector.The indirect type solar thermal collection system refers to certain heat-transfer working medium of heating in solar thermal collector, the recycling heat-transfer working medium is supplied with user's system by the heat exchanger heats system, the water tank that adopts in the indirect type solar thermal collection system is secondary heat exchange water tank, is conducive to ensure the sanitary index of hot water.
When solar thermal collection system of the present invention was the solar thermal collection system of a heat exchange, described heat collection water tank was the open type heat collection water tank, and was arranged on the below that low level holds the liquid water tank.
Description of drawings
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the embodiment of the antifreeze solar thermal collection system of the means to prevent freezing of employing solar thermal collection system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 carries out the flow chart of preventing freeze in winter control for the embodiment that adopts of the present invention antifreeze solar thermal collection system shown in Figure 1.
The specific embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, further set forth the present invention.
Fig. 1 illustrates the most preferred embodiment of a kind of antifreeze solar thermal collection system of the present invention.This solar thermal collection system comprises heat collection water tank 2, heat collector 1, and heat collection water tank 2 bottoms connect heat collector by circulation pipe under the heat collection water tank 62, and heat collection water tank 2 tops connect heat collector by heat collection water tank upper circular tube 61.Circulation pipe 62 also is equipped with water circulating pump 71, the first valves and water circulating pump 71 parallel connections near the exit of heat collection water tank 2 under the heat collection water tank.Heat collection water tank upper circular tube 61 is equipped with the 3rd valve near the input of heat collection water tank 2.Heat collector temperature sensor 81 is installed in the heat collector 1, water tank temperature sensor 82 is installed in the heat collection water tank, pipeline temperature sensor 83 is installed in the heat collection water tank upper circular tube 61.The top of heat collection water tank 2 also has circulation pipe 3 under the water of the making heat collection water tank, and the hot water of heat collection water tank 2 top memory can make circulation pipe 3 outflows under the water heat collection water tank by this; Heat collection water tank 2 bottoms are equipped with water inlet pipe 4, and this water inlet pipe 4 is used for connecting external water source.
Eminence at above-mentioned solar thermal collection system also has high-order liquid storage water tank 11, the input of high-order liquid storage water tank 11 connects through two position three-way valve 97 and heat collection water tank upper circular tube 61, and the output of high-order liquid storage water tank connects through output dropping system such as choke valve or with Medical transfusion device 99 and the heat collection water tank upper circular tube 61 of check valve 98; Also have low level at the lower of above-mentioned solar thermal collection system and hold liquid water tank 10, it is telescopic water tank that low level holds the liquid water tank, and its input, the output simply connected that unites two into one is taken over, and circulation pipe 62 links under the unified and heat collection water tank through the second valve.
On the high-order liquid storage water tank 11 liquid level gauge 13 is installed, high-order liquid storage water tank 11 water levels are measured, and feed back to controller and minimum set height, the highest setting highly compare, then control other components and parts.
This embodiment is the solar thermal collection system of a heat exchange, and heat collection water tank 2 is open type heat collection water tanks, and is arranged on the below that low level holds liquid water tank 10.Heat collection water tank 2 tops have blast pipe 21.In addition, heat collection water tank 2 also can adopt the enclosed heat collection water tank, and and above-mentioned low level hold liquid water tank 10, the second valve, simply connected and take over and be integrated.
The pipeline water temperature of measuring when pipeline temperature sensor 83 is higher than the antifreeze temperature of reservation, namely do not need when antifreeze, the first above-mentioned valve, high-order liquid storage water tank 11, low level hold liquid water tank 10 all and pipeline (circulation pipe 62 under heat collection water tank upper circular tube 61, the heat collection water tank) by, the 3rd valve conducting on the heat collection water tank upper circular tube 61, solar thermal collection system of the present invention is still the forced circulation system under the prior art.Its course of work is as follows: detect the heat collector temperature and reach the default temperature difference (setting value when water tank temperature sensor 82 detects water tank temperature and heat collector temperature sensor 81, such as 5 ℃) time, 71 work of controller controlled circulation water pump, water circulating pump 71 pumps to heat collector 1 with the water of heat collection water tank 2 bottoms, the water that flows is taken away the heat that passes through solar energy heating in the heat collector 1, and the top of process heat collection water tank upper circular tube 61 inflow heat collection water tanks 2, heat collection water tank 2 tops will increase the hot water through heating like this.After the hot water of heat collector 1 was replaced, the heat collector temperature reduced; When the above-mentioned temperature difference during less than certain default temperature difference, water circulating pump 71 quits work, and this moment, heat collector 1 utilized solar energy to heat collector 1 heating.Above-mentioned circulation is constantly carried out, just can in heat collection water tank 2, constantly obtain hot water for.
Adopt the embodiment of this antifreeze solar thermal collection system, the control section of solar thermal collection system is in "on" position all the time, pipeline water temperature when 83 measurements of pipeline temperature sensor, as be lower than and subscribe antifreeze temperature when (such as freezing point ,-0.5 ℃), the 3rd valve cut-off on the heat collection water tank upper circular tube 61, carry out the flow chart of preventing freeze in winter control as shown in Figure 2, concrete steps are as follows:
Is (1) judge: high-order liquid storage water tank 11 liquid levels lower than the lowest water level of setting? if enter next step; If not, directly enter step (4);
(2) liquid is carried: connect the first valve in parallel with water circulating pump on the circulation pipe that connects, ends under the heat collection water tank that heat collection water tank upper circular tube 61 and 11 in high-order liquid storage water tank, low level hold 62 of circulation pipes under liquid water tank 10 and the heat collection water tank, and starting water circulating pump 71, the liquid that low level is held in liquid water tank 10 or the heat collection water tank 2 pumps into high-order liquid storage water tank;
Are (3) judge: high-order liquid storage water tank 11 liquid levels higher than the peak level of setting? if enter next step; If not, return step (2);
(4) natural drip: cut-off heat collection water tank upper circular tube 61 and 11 in high-order liquid storage water tank, low level hold first valve in parallel with water circulating pump 71 that connect, connect under the heat collection water tank on the circulation pipe 62 of 62 of circulation pipes under liquid water tank 10 and the heat collection water tank, close water circulating pump 71, make the liquid downward drip under Action of Gravity Field in the high-order liquid storage water tank, circulation pipe inflow low level holds in liquid water tank 10 or the heat collection water tank 2 under heat collection water tank upper circular tube 61, heat collector and heat collection water tank;
Repeat above-mentioned steps (1), so circulation is gone down.
A kind of antifreeze solar thermal collection system of this embodiment when antifreeze the needs, allows the water in the pipeline flow all the time, has effectively slowed down the generation of ice.
In addition, owing in the heat collection water tank 2 heat-insulation layer is arranged, so the water temperature of heat collection water tank 2 is generally higher.So just can make and be always the higher water of temperature in the solar thermal collection system pipeline, also effectively contain the generation of ice.
A kind of antifreeze solar thermal collection system of this embodiment can ensure that water in the cold district solar thermal collection system pipeline can not freeze to cause frozen block.In addition, in the situation that needs are antifreeze, just part utilizes water circulating pump 71 to carry out forced circulation, and namely water circulating pump 71 is not always in running order.Obviously, greatly reduce energy loss, thereby reached energy-conservation purpose, also prolonged the service life of water circulating pump, then increased the reliability of whole system.
More than be one of embodiments of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, do not spend performing creative labour, on the basis of above-described embodiment, can do multiple variation, can realize purpose of the present invention equally.But this variation obviously should be in the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the means to prevent freezing of solar thermal collection system, the solar thermal collection system that is used for forced circulation, it is characterized in that: this means to prevent freezing utilization increases liquid kinetic energy, the low level of heat collection water tank or system's lower is held liquid is transported to the high-order liquid storage water tank that is positioned at system's eminence in the liquid water tank; Then utilize the nature drip, make that liquid holds liquid water tank or heat collection water tank through the low level that system pipeline flows to system's lower in the above-mentioned high-order liquid storage water tank; Aforesaid liquid is carried and natural drip circulates again and again, makes the liquid in the pipeline that needs in the antifreeze solar thermal collection system be in all the time flow regime.
2. adopt the antifreeze solar thermal collection system of means to prevent freezing as claimed in claim 1, comprise heat collection water tank (2), heat collector (1), water circulating pump (71), heat collection water tank bottom circulation pipe (62) under heat collection water tank connects heat collector, heat collection water tank top connects heat collector through heat collection water tank upper circular tube (61), circulation pipe is provided with water circulating pump (71) under the heat collection water tank, it is characterized in that: under heat collection water tank on the circulation line and water circulating pump one first valve in parallel; Eminence at above-mentioned solar thermal collection system also has high-order liquid storage water tank (11), high-order liquid storage water tank input, output all and heat collection water tank upper circular tube (61) connect; Also have low level at the lower of above-mentioned solar thermal collection system and hold liquid water tank (10), the input, output that low level holds the liquid water tank all and under the heat collection water tank circulation pipe (62) link.
3. one kind is adopted antifreeze solar thermal collection system as claimed in claim 2 to carry out the method that preventing freeze in winter is controlled, and its step is as follows:
Is (1) judge: high-order liquid storage water tank (11) liquid level lower than the lowest water level of setting? if enter next step; If not, directly enter step (4);
(2) liquid is carried: connect between heat collection water tank upper circular tube (61) and high-order liquid storage water tank (11), low level holds under liquid water tank (10) and the heat collection water tank the first valve in parallel with water circulating pump on the circulation pipe that connects, ends under the heat collection water tank between circulation pipe (62), and starting water circulating pump (71), the liquid that low level is held in liquid water tank (10) or the heat collection water tank (2) pumps into high-order liquid storage water tank;
Is (3) judge: high-order liquid storage water tank (11) liquid level higher than the peak level of setting? if enter next step; If not, return step (2);
(4) natural drip: between cut-off heat collection water tank upper circular tube (61) and high-order liquid storage water tank (11), low level holds connecting between circulation pipe (62) under liquid water tank (10) and the heat collection water tank, connect upper first valve in parallel with water circulating pump (71) of circulation pipe (62) under the heat collection water tank, close water circulating pump (71), make the liquid downward drip under Action of Gravity Field in the high-order liquid storage water tank, through heat collection water tank upper circular tube (61), circulation pipe inflow low level holds in liquid water tank (10) or the heat collection water tank (2) under heat collector and the heat collection water tank;
Repeat above-mentioned steps (1), so circulation is gone down.
4. antifreeze solar thermal collection system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the upper input near heat collection water tank (2) of heat collection water tank upper circular tube (61) is equipped with the 3rd valve; Above-mentioned the 3rd valve is in cut-off state when antifreeze solar thermal collection system carries out antifreeze control.
5. antifreeze solar thermal collection system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: above-mentioned high-order liquid storage water tank (11) input connects through two position three-way valve (97) and heat collection water tank upper circular tube (61).
6. antifreeze solar thermal collection system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: above-mentioned high-order liquid storage water tank (11) output connects through output dropping system and heat collection water tank upper circular tube (61).
7. antifreeze solar thermal collection system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: above-mentioned output dropping system is the dropper (99) of choke valve or band check valve (98).
8. antifreeze solar thermal collection system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned low level holds liquid water tank (10) and adopts telescopic water tank, input, output that low level holds the liquid water tank are combined into simply connected adapter, and circulation pipe under the second valve and heat collection water tank (62) links.
9. antifreeze solar thermal collection system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described solar thermal collection system is the solar thermal collection system of a heat exchange, described heat collection water tank (2) is the open type heat collection water tank, and is arranged on the below that low level holds the liquid water tank.
10. antifreeze solar thermal collection system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: described heat collection water tank (2) is the enclosed heat collection water tank, and and above-mentioned low level hold liquid water tank (10), the second valve, simply connected and take over and be integrated.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200810149454 CN101672539B (en) | 2008-09-10 | 2008-09-10 | Antifreezing method for solar energy collection system and antifreezing solar energy collection system |
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| CN 200810149454 CN101672539B (en) | 2008-09-10 | 2008-09-10 | Antifreezing method for solar energy collection system and antifreezing solar energy collection system |
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| CN101672539A CN101672539A (en) | 2010-03-17 |
| CN101672539B true CN101672539B (en) | 2013-03-27 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104344567B (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2017-02-08 | 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 | Water heater pipeline anti-freezing control method and system and water heater |
| CN109798681B (en) * | 2019-03-17 | 2024-04-16 | 徐州工程学院 | Solar heat collecting device with automatic antifreezing function and heat collecting antifreezing method |
| CN111501912B (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2021-11-19 | 内蒙古中云盛源科技发展集团有限公司 | Anti-freezing fire-fighting water storage tank and using method thereof |
| CN114322332A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-12 | 青岛酒店管理职业技术学院 | Solar collector system for melting ice |
| CN114322333B (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2023-04-07 | 青岛酒店管理职业技术学院 | Solar water heater system with auxiliary heating function |
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| DE19654037C1 (en) * | 1996-12-23 | 1998-07-02 | Solar Diamant Systemtechnik Gm | Solar energy heat generation system |
| CN2639804Y (en) * | 2003-07-27 | 2004-09-08 | 耿科 | Solar water heater of preventing using air mixing in water, hot water dripping and fast discharging valve |
| CN2695876Y (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2005-04-27 | 曲新华 | Water-saving anti-freezing solar water heater |
| CN201043809Y (en) * | 2006-06-17 | 2008-04-02 | 海尔集团公司 | Primary circulation solar water heater |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19654037C1 (en) * | 1996-12-23 | 1998-07-02 | Solar Diamant Systemtechnik Gm | Solar energy heat generation system |
| CN2639804Y (en) * | 2003-07-27 | 2004-09-08 | 耿科 | Solar water heater of preventing using air mixing in water, hot water dripping and fast discharging valve |
| CN2695876Y (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2005-04-27 | 曲新华 | Water-saving anti-freezing solar water heater |
| CN201043809Y (en) * | 2006-06-17 | 2008-04-02 | 海尔集团公司 | Primary circulation solar water heater |
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