CN101668115A - Multi-lens multi-resolution camera - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-lens multi-resolution camera, which consists of multiple lenses, multiple optical-electrical converters and a circuit system, wherein the lens are independent of eachother, have respective orientations and focuses, and are used for focusing landscape light rays; the backside of each lens is connected with one optical-electrical converter for converting optical images into electrical signals; and the circuit system further amplifies weak electrical signals generated by the optical-electrical conversion to form signals meeting specific technical requirements, and outputs the signals from the camera in a mode of serial port or network the like. The camera overcomes the conflict between a field of view and image resolution commonly existing in the conventionalcamera, obtains high-resolution images when monitoring a large-scale field of view, and can better meet the requirements of actual monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the video camera imaging technical field, particularly a kind of multi-lens multi-resolution camera is in order to reconcile the contradiction of visual field and image resolution ratio.
Background technology
Optical system is being brought into play important effect in the information age, and modal optical system is a video camera.Data such as image, video mode has been come into huge numbers of families, becomes people's indispensable key element of living.The application of video camera comprises family's shooting, telecine, security monitoring, industrial detection, medical imaging, man-machine interaction or the like.Yet because the restriction of uniaxial imaging technique, current video camera is difficult to overcome the contradiction of visual field and image resolution ratio.That is to say that if the visual field is bigger, then image resolution ratio is less; If obtain high-resolution image, dwindle the visual field again.(application number: 200410026056.0), can make the resolution height of the mid portion of optical system, the resolution of the left and right sides is low, has guaranteed bigger horizontal field of view simultaneously for patent " based on the big visual field multiresolution formation method of reflection-refraction mechanism ".But this method is that cost has exchanged big visual field for to sacrifice a part of resolution, though can satisfy the requirement of application-specific (intelligent vehicle is driven automatically) to resolution and visual field, is difficult to expand to and more generally monitors occasion.
Therefore, need effective measures to reconcile the contradiction of visual field and image resolution ratio, from current situation as can be known one-shot camera be difficult to finish this task, so many systems adopt the multiple-camera cooperation mode to carry out specific tasks.Such as, capture to use making a dash across the red light, for judicial evidence collection convenient, need grab two width of cloth panoramic pictures and a width of cloth tail board close shot picture, panoramic pictures is described the process that vehicle makes a dash across the red light, the close shot picture extracts car plate; Existingly rush red capturing system and all adopt two video cameras to finish the candid photograph of panorama and close shot picture respectively, this had both increased system cost, had improved the installation and maintenance difficulty again.
Summary of the invention
For the visual field that solves existing video camera imaging technology and the contradiction of image resolution ratio, the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of multi-lens multi-resolution camera.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of multi-lens multi-resolution camera, it comprises many camera lenses, many electrooptical devices, Circuits System three parts, wherein: have two camera lenses at least, an electrooptical device is aimed at each camera lens rear portion; The firmware angle of electrooptical device guarantees that with shot change the vertical throwing of scenery light is on the imaging surface that light-sensitive material constitutes; Circuits System links to each other with each electrooptical device with data wire by power supply;
(a) each camera lens is separate, have separately towards and focal length, in order to focus on scenery light;
(b) each electrooptical device is converted to the signal of telecommunication with the optical imagery that camera lens throwed, and is transferred to Circuits System through data wire;
(c) video processing circuits of Circuits System will further be amplified from the ultra-weak electronic signal that a plurality of electrooptical devices obtain, and forms the signal that meets the particular technology requirement, and exports from video camera in the mode of serial ports or network.
Described multi-lens multi-resolution camera, its described each camera lens have separately towards and focal length, regulate within the specific limits according to application need.
Described multi-lens multi-resolution camera, its described many camera lenses have identical screw diameter, with unified specification; Select different focal and zoom ratio for use for satisfying application demand, not even with the camera lens of manufacturer production, from than collecting light the large tracts of land, keep image sharpening to focus on the imaging surface of light-sensitive material.
Described multi-lens multi-resolution camera, its described electrooptical device, record pass certain tolerance that camera lens arrives the luminous energy total amount of light-sensitive material, generate the signal of telecommunication that carries electric charge, adopt CCD or CMOS pattern.
Described multi-lens multi-resolution camera, its described (c) step, Circuits System is amplified the signal of telecommunication that opto-electronic conversion produces, to be converted into digital signal from the analog signal that a plurality of electrooptical devices obtain, and digital signal is spliced into digital picture, encoding compression is a video then, exports from video camera.
Described multi-lens multi-resolution camera, its described digital picture is black and white or coloured image, and its imaging content has reflected the light status of a plurality of scenes, therefore content is discontinuous on the image splicing boundary, and digital image size is relevant with the number of electrooptical device.
Described multi-lens multi-resolution camera, its described encoding compression is a video, its video coding technique has two kinds: a kind of is the hardware encoding compression, is about to coding compression algorithm and is solidificated on the chip; Another kind is based on the software coding compression of DSP, and promptly running software carries out the encoding compression of image on DSP.
Described multi-lens multi-resolution camera, its described video coding, its video format are MPEG, H.263, H.264 or the reference format of M-JPEG.
Described multi-lens multi-resolution camera, its described video camera output serial ports comprises two kinds of RS232 and RJ45.
The beneficial effect of a kind of multi-lens multi-resolution camera of the present invention is: there are contradiction in visual field and the image resolution ratio of using this video camera of the present invention can overcome existing video camera imaging technology, can't obtain big visual field and high-resolution shortcoming simultaneously.The present invention can be provided with the resolution and the visual field of each lens imaging according to user's needs, realizes multi-lens imaging joint by Circuits System, forms the digital picture that meets the particular technology requirement, has eliminated the contradiction of visual field and image resolution ratio naturally.In addition, a video camera of the present invention can replace many traditional cameras to execute the task in occasions such as the candid photographs of making a dash across the red light, has greatly reduced system cost, has reduced the installation and maintenance difficulty.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the hardware structure diagram of video camera of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the Scenery Imaging result of two convex systems of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the Bayer color format of video camera of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the Circuits System theory diagram of video camera of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the image deformation schematic diagram; Wherein: a: barrel distortion; B: pincushion distortion.
Embodiment
Video camera of the present invention is made up of many camera lenses, many electrooptical devices, Circuits System three parts, comprising: (a) many camera lenses have separately towards and focal length, be used to focus on scenery light; (b) connect an electrooptical device behind each camera lens, optical imagery is converted to the signal of telecommunication; (c) Circuits System is further amplified the ultra-weak electronic signal that opto-electronic conversion produces, and forms to meet the signal of particular technology requirement, and exports from video camera.Video camera of the present invention has overcome the intrinsic visual field of traditional cameras and the contradiction of image resolution ratio, obtains high-definition picture in the visual field monitoring on a large scale.
Many camera lenses of video camera of the present invention are made up of two above camera lenses, it is the front end component of video camera, fixed aperture, auto iris, autozoom are arranged, kind such as become doubly automatically, its image-forming principle is identical with common camera, effect is from than collecting light the large tracts of land, keeps image sharpening to focus on the imaging surface of light-sensitive material.But each camera lens have separately towards and focal length, can regulate within the specific limits according to application need.Camera lens has identical screw diameter, with unified specification; But can select different focal and zoom ratio for use in order to satisfy application demand, not even with the camera lens of manufacturer production.
Many electrooptical devices of video camera of the present invention are the cores of video camera, and its corresponding many camera lens, record pass certain tolerance that camera lens arrives the luminous energy total amount of light-sensitive material, generate the signal of telecommunication that carries electric charge, can adopt two kinds of patterns of CCD or CMOS.The firmware angle of electrooptical device guarantees that with shot change the vertical throwing of scenery light is on the imaging surface that light-sensitive material constitutes.
The Circuits System of video camera of the present invention mainly refers to video processing circuits, link to each other with many electrooptical devices with data wire by power supply, the ultra-weak electronic signal that electrooptical device is generated further amplifies, after proofreading and correct and compensating analog signal is converted into digital signal, and will be spliced into digital picture from the digital signal that a plurality of electrooptical devices obtain, encoding compression is a video then, exports from video camera with serial ports or network mode.
The digital picture that Circuits System generates can be black and white or coloured image, and its imaging content has reflected the light status of a plurality of scenes, and therefore content can be discontinuous on the image splicing boundary.The size of digital picture is relevant with the number of electrooptical device.
The video coding compress technique has two kinds: a kind of is the hardware encoding compression, is about to coding compression algorithm and is solidificated on the chip; Another kind is based on the software coding compression of DSP, and promptly running software carries out the encoding compression of image on DSP.Video format can be MPEG, H.263, H.264, reference format such as M-JPEG.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in detail, should be pointed out that described execution mode is intended to be convenient to the understanding of the present invention, and it is not played any qualification effect.
Video camera of the present invention is made up of many camera lenses 100, many electrooptical devices 200, Circuits System 300 3 parts, Figure 1 shows that hardware structure diagram.
Many camera lenses:
Many camera lenses 100 are made up of two above camera lenses, are the front end components of video camera.Because video camera of the present invention satisfies the pin-hole imaging model, the effect of camera lens is from than collecting light the large tracts of land, keeps image sharpening to focus on the imaging surface of light-sensitive material.Each camera lens have separately towards and focal length, can regulate separate work within the specific limits according to application need.Camera lens has identical screw diameter, with unified specification; But can select different focal and zoom ratio for use in order to satisfy application demand, not even with the camera lens of manufacturer production.
In order to reduce aberration, camera lens is made up of the many different eyeglasses of convex-concave.The inherent quality of camera lens is restricting the readability and the levels are rich degree of image, so camera lens generally is the blooming camera lens.Blooming is exactly the film that is coated with last layer band color at lens surface; in order to subdue the dispersion phenomenon between eyeglass and the eyeglass, the dazzle that is produced in the time of can also reducing reversible-light shooting protects light to pass through camera lens smoothly; improve the ability of camera lens printing opacity, make the image of being taken the photograph more clear.
Camera lens can be divided into standard lens, long focal length lens and wide-angle lens.Standard lens is meant that focal length approximates the camera lens of the catercorner length of imaging surface (CCD or CMOS) greatly.When using standard lens to take, seen identical of the space of subject and perspective relation and shooting person.With 16 millimeters video cameras is example, and the focal length of its standard lens is 25 millimeters, and the visual angle of this focal length is similar with the normal horizontal view angle of human eye (24 degree).Focal length is called long focal length lens more than 50 millimeters, is called wide-angle lens below 16 millimeters.In the reality, we use the zoom lens mostly, and promptly a lens combination can realize from " wide-angle lens " to " standard lens " so that the continuous conversion of " long focal length lens " makes camera operation convenient.
The zoom lens is made up of many thin lenss.The simplest compound camera lens of being made up of two convex lens Figure 2 shows that the Scenery Imaging result of two convex systems.By practice as can be known, only need to change the distance X between two convex lens, the focal length of compound camera lens is changed.This is zoom lens's a basic principle.But the shortcoming of this compound camera lens is after the distance that has changed X, not only make focal length that variation has taken place, and the position of imaging surface also can change to some extent.In order to make the invariant position of imaging surface, also must increase several groups of lens again, and move jointly regularly.
When actual photographed, when the zoom lens when wide-angle side becomes long burnt end gradually, its picture effect seems that video camera is more and more nearer from scenery, this effect is so-called " zoom-up ".Opposite variation effect is " zooming ".The camera lens varifocal has two kinds of control methods, the one, power zoom, the 2nd, manual zoom.Power zoom is controlled by electronic pull bar, and characteristics are lens focus even variation in the push-and-pull process.Manually zoom is realized by directly stirring the zoom ring with hand, can change lens focus fast.
Many electrooptical devices:
Many electrooptical devices 200 are cores of video camera, and its corresponding many camera lens 100, record pass certain tolerance that camera lens arrives the luminous energy total amount of light-sensitive material, generate the signal of telecommunication that carries electric charge, can adopt two kinds of patterns of CCD or CMOS.The firmware angle of electrooptical device guarantees that with shot change the vertical throwing of scenery light is on the imaging surface that light-sensitive material constitutes.
CCD is called " charge coupled device ", is the method that electronics that a handle comes out from the image semiconductor in an organized way stores.CMOS is called " complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) ", is a kind of transistor to be applied technology on the thin silicon piece.No matter CCD or CMOS are of no use for image sensing, the transducer of real sensed image is called " image semiconductor ", CCD and cmos sensor be actual, and what use all is with a kind of transducer " image semiconductor ", the image semiconductor is a PN junction semiconductor, and the photon blast junction that can change light becomes the electronics of proportional quantity.The quantity of electronics is calculated as voltage of signals, and light enters the image semiconductor must be many more, and electron production also many more are also high more from the voltage of transducer output.
Video camera of the present invention is an area array camera, and its pixel is by the ranks proper alignment, a pixel on each pixel correspondence image, and said here resolution is meant the number of pixel.Video camera both can be a black and white, also can be colored.Corresponding pixel of each pixel in the B, this pixel has consistent susceptibility for the light of various wavelength, just each gray values of pixel points that collects.Colour TV camera uses identical chip with B, and different is to allow transducer row or column in succession, respectively responsive red, green or blue light.Often the method that adopts is to use the filtration plated film to stop their complementary color.Also can adopt other filtering mode, as with 2 * 2 assembly mosaic texture, every with 2 green glows, 1 ruddiness and 1 blue light receiver (Bayer form), as shown in Figure 3.The resolution of single ccd video camera is limited, and the video camera of better quality uses Amici prism, incident ray is refracted to respectively on the CCD of three different chromatic filters of use, carries out the numerical value that opto-electronic conversion obtains red, green, blue three looks respectively.
Circuits System:
Circuits System 300 links to each other with many electrooptical devices 200 with data wire by power supply, opto-electronic conversion output is further amplified, analog signal is converted into digital signal, and digital signal is spliced into image, encoding compression is a video then, export from video camera with serial ports or network mode, Fig. 4 has provided the theory diagram of Circuits System 300.
Preposition amplification 301 is amplified to the regulation amplitude to the ultra-weak electronic signal of opto-electronic conversion output, delivers to video processing circuits and proofreaies and correct and compensate.In order to guarantee good signal-to-noise, require preamplifier that as far as possible little noise factor is arranged.
Because the focal length of the zones of different of lens is slightly different, the paraxial outer straight line in the subject plane becomes curve behind optical system imaging, and then the image error of this optical system is called distortion.The distortion that optical system causes mainly contains two kinds, i.e. barrel distortion and pincushion distortion, as shown in Figure 5.The distortion aberration only influences the geometry of image, and does not influence the definition of image.Distortion correction 302 recovers orthoscopic image according to the distortion rule of imaging process.
The black and white balance is the important parameter of colour TV camera, and it directly influences the color effect of reproduced image.When the white balance setting of video camera not at that time, the colour cast phenomenon can appear in reproduced image, particularly can make originally not with the scenery of color also gone up color.Black balance is meant video camera when taking black scenery or covering lens cap, and the red, green, blue tristimulus signals voltage of output should equate.Black and white balance 303 is come the characteristic/colour temperature of detection light source by camera lens, thereby sets level automatically continuously, even characteristic/colour temperature changes the gain that also can control red and blue signal.
BLC 304 claims BLC again, the defective of subject goal dark that it can effectively compensate video camera when taking under strong bias light environment.By BLC 304, photographic images is divided into 6～7 zones,, improves and promote this regional video level by automatic gain control circuit if the video level that video camera detects in certain zone of image is lower, improve the amplitude of outputting video signal, make integral image clear bright.The background frame of this moment can be brighter, but the brightness missionary society of itself and main body picture reduces greatly, and the visuality of whole visual field improves.
The function of A/D conversion 305 is to convert analog picture signal to digital signal.The image sensor module of CMOS pattern has the interface of Direct Digital signal output, need not the A/D conversion; And if the image sensor module of CCD pattern has the interface of Direct Digital output, also need not the A/D conversion; If but this module has only the simulation output interface, then need to carry out the A/D conversion.
Image splicing 306 will be stitched together from the digital signal that many electrooptical devices obtain, and obtains digital picture.Because the imaging content of video camera of the present invention has reflected the light status of a plurality of scenes, therefore the imaging content can be discontinuous on the image splicing boundary.The size of digital picture is relevant with the number of electrooptical device.
Video coding 307 modules are carried out encoding compression with the digital picture that splicing obtains by certain form or standard.The purpose of encoding compression is for the ease of realizing the digitlization of vision signal, is convenient on computer system, network transmission video signal without distortion.The video coding compress technique mainly contains two kinds: a kind of is the hardware encoding compression, is about to coding compression algorithm and is solidificated on the chip; Another kind is based on the software coding compression of DSP, and promptly running software carries out the encoding compression of image on DSP.Video format can be MPEG, H.263, H.264, reference format such as M-JPEG.At last, video is by RS232 and the output of RJ45 interface.
The above only is some the embodiment explanations among the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with the people of this technology in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; conversion that is understood that or replacement; all should be encompassed in of the present invention comprising within the scope; therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claims.
Claims (9)
1. a multi-lens multi-resolution camera is characterized in that, comprises many camera lenses, many electrooptical devices, Circuits System three parts, and wherein: have two camera lenses at least, an electrooptical device is aimed at each camera lens rear portion; The firmware angle of electrooptical device guarantees that with shot change the vertical throwing of scenery light is on the imaging surface that light-sensitive material constitutes; Circuits System links to each other with each electrooptical device with data wire by power supply;
(a) each camera lens is separate, have separately towards and focal length, in order to focus on scenery light;
(b) each electrooptical device is converted to the signal of telecommunication with the optical imagery that camera lens throwed, and is transferred to Circuits System through data wire;
(c) video processing circuits of Circuits System will further be amplified from the ultra-weak electronic signal that a plurality of electrooptical devices obtain, and forms the signal that meets the particular technology requirement, and exports from video camera in the mode of serial ports or network.
2. multi-lens multi-resolution camera according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described each camera lens have separately towards and focal length, regulate within the specific limits according to application need.
3. multi-lens multi-resolution camera according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described many camera lenses have identical screw diameter, with unified specification; Select different focal and zoom ratio for use for satisfying application demand, not even with the camera lens of manufacturer production, from than collecting light the large tracts of land, keep image sharpening to focus on the imaging surface of light-sensitive material.
4. multi-lens multi-resolution camera according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described electrooptical device, record pass certain tolerance that camera lens arrives the luminous energy total amount of light-sensitive material, generate the signal of telecommunication that carries electric charge, adopt CCD or CMOS pattern.
5. multi-lens multi-resolution camera according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described (c) step, Circuits System is amplified the signal of telecommunication that opto-electronic conversion produces, to be converted into digital signal from the analog signal that a plurality of electrooptical devices obtain, and digital signal is spliced into digital picture, encoding compression is a video then, exports from video camera.
6. multi-lens multi-resolution camera according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described digital picture, be black and white or coloured image, its imaging content has reflected the light status of a plurality of scenes, therefore content is discontinuous on the image splicing boundary, and digital image size is relevant with the number of electrooptical device.
7. multi-lens multi-resolution camera according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described encoding compression is a video, and its video coding technique has two kinds: a kind of is the hardware encoding compression, is about to coding compression algorithm and is solidificated on the chip; Another kind is based on the software coding compression of DSP, and promptly running software carries out the encoding compression of image on DSP.
8. multi-lens multi-resolution camera according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described video coding, its video format are MPEG, H.263, H.264 or the reference format of M-JPEG.
9. multi-lens multi-resolution camera according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described video camera output serial ports comprises two kinds of RS232 and RJ45.
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