CN1016662B - Process for preparation of humic acid-microbial protein feed from weathered coal and its products - Google Patents
Process for preparation of humic acid-microbial protein feed from weathered coal and its productsInfo
- Publication number
- CN1016662B CN1016662B CN86105680A CN86105680A CN1016662B CN 1016662 B CN1016662 B CN 1016662B CN 86105680 A CN86105680 A CN 86105680A CN 86105680 A CN86105680 A CN 86105680A CN 1016662 B CN1016662 B CN 1016662B
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- China
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- weight
- feed
- humic acid
- microbial protein
- weathered coal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing humic acid-microbial protein feed from efflorescent coal and products thereof. Humic acid-microbial protein feed is prepared by that efflorescent coal is taken as raw materials, humic acid in the efflorescent coal is extracted with alkaline solution as part of carbon sources, and tamed Candida_Lipolytca 47 is cultured, proportioned, sterilized, fermented, tested and dried. The feed contains 20 to 30% of modified humic acid, 40 to 55% of crude protein, various kinds of amino acid and trace elements. The sources of raw materials of feed of the present invention are abundant. The daily gain rates of livestock and poultry, the availability of feed and survival rates are all obviously enhanced by using the feed to replace 50% of fresh fish flour, and disease resistance is also enhanced.
Description
The invention relates to and utilize weathered coal to produce method of humic acids-microbial protein feeding stuff and products thereof.
Microorganism can utilize soil rotten phytic acid to breed as carbon source for growth, but utilizes humic acids in the weathered coal as the carbon source culturing micro-organisms, produces humic acids-microbial protein feeding stuff, does not appear in the newspapers as yet.Organic matter in the national expenditures mud coal such as the Soviet Union, Japan is as the carbon source of microorganism, the culturing yeast bacterium, the manufacture order cell protein feed, its main method is the organic matter that adds in the sour hydrolysis mud coal at high temperature, after making it transform saccharogenesis, with the neutralization of materials such as calcium hydroxide, add suitable nutrient culturing micro-organisms again.The feed of Sheng Chaning in this way, it is many to contain protein, but yields poorly, and technology is loaded down with trivial details, and the waste starting material are so cost is higher.Early eighties, Japan adds an amount of nutrient and makes substratum in mud coal, cultivate mushroom, through 45～55 days, gather behind the mushroom, will make feed after the substratum drying, this method is simple, is convenient to promote, but growth cycle is long, and it is few that feed contains protein, and (about 10%) palatability is poor.In addition, during coal in China is produced, the weathered coal of a large amount of humic acidss below 10% arranged,, mostly go out of use, do not add utilization because of its grade is low excessively.
For this reason, the purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly utilize humic acids in the weathered coal as the part carbon source, culturing micro-organisms, with short production cycle, production technique is simple, is not subjected to the method for producing humic acids-microbial protein feeding stuff of condition restriction such as sunlight, soil and the product made of method thus.
The present invention realizes by the following method: be raw material with the weathered coal, extract wherein humic acids as the part carbon source with alkaline solution, and with the system wine waste residue (husk) water lotion be another part carbon source, under alkaline condition, cultivate Candida Lipolytica 47 with industrial fermentation method, thereby produce out humic acids-microbial protein feeding stuff.
It is as follows that the present invention utilizes weathered coal to produce the reparation technology flow process of humic acids-microbial protein feeding stuff:
1 part of weathered coal
From weathered coal, extract humic acids (10 parts of 0.5-2% alkaline solutions)/(boiling insulation 1 hour)
Get filtrate preparation substratum and method sterilization → stir culture routinely
(130～150 rev/mins)/(4～5 days) check (smear for microscopic examination)/(Kjeldahl method for nitrogen determination) concentrate drying (below 70 ℃)/() product
Extracting humic acids from weathered coal is to be mixed and heated to boiling with alkaline solution and 1 part of weathered coal that contains humic acids 10～45% that 10 parts of concentration are 0.5-2%, be incubated 1 hour, contained humic acids has 50-80% to be dissolved in the alkaline solution in the weathered coal, and liquid is brownish black, and carbon elements is more than 50%.
Bacterium culture medium used in the present invention is conventional glucose-peptone-yeast water substratum.
The ferment composition of substratum of usefulness of the present invention is:
Sodium humate solution 600-900 part of 2.2-2.8%
Vinasse slag (husk) water lotion 100-200 part of 5%
Ammonium sulfate 6-8 part
Urea (sterilization back remix respectively) 4-8 part
Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 4-7 part
Yeast water 1-3 part
PH value with substratum before the sterilization transfers to 8-8.5.
The bacterial strain that the present invention uses is to take a sample from seasoning weathered coal residue soil for many years, through separation screening, purifying, Candida Lipolytica 47 with raising and train in 3 years and obtaining is called the Candida lipolytica bacterium No. 47 (hereinafter to be referred as No. 47 bacterium) after raising and train.This culture presevation is at Chinese microbial preservation management committee common micro-organisms center, and preserving number is 0095.
No. 47 bacterium are the mesothermal aerobic bacterias of a strain.Its morphological specificity is: in glucose-yeast water-peptone liquid nutrient medium, under 25 ℃ of temperature, cultivated 3 days, there is mould on the nutrient solution surface, and loose deposits is arranged at the bottom, and cell is sausage shape, minority is avette, its size is 3.1-4.3 * 17.5-23.4 micron, and on solid medium, the bacterium colony surface is the powder shape, yellow, thick gauffer is arranged, be difficult for provoking, be difficult for wearing out, the edge transfers circle to by crenation, after cultivation in 7 days, the colony diameter of No. 47 bacterium expands to the 5-7.5 millimeter by 2.5 millimeters, and it is slow that it has early growth, the characteristics that late growing stage is fast, adding on the potato culture of cover glass, can see the pseudohypha of fungal filament and candiyeast type.
The major physiological characteristic of No. 47 bacterium is: do not assimilate saltpetre, can assimilate glucose, glycerol, ethanol, semi-lactosi, lactose, sucrose but nonfermented.
No. 47 bacterium is strong to the adaptability of carbon source, can grow in the nutrient agar of no carbon source.In the liquid medium within, the inassimilable carbon source of Candida lipolytica bacterium is as maltose, wood sugar, D-pectinose, raffinose etc., after the cultivation more than 4 days, also can be gradually by No. 47 bacterium assimilations, and be that No. 47 bacterium can grow under 9 the alkaline condition in the pH value.This bacterium is through acute toxicity test.Belong to nontoxic by the acute toxicity classification.
No. 47 bacterium are well-grown in the nutrient solution of carbon source at the water lotion that contains humic acids and vinasse slag (husk), and the bacterium number increases, and the humic acids in the substratum is utilized total carbon to be reduced, and the group in the humic acids changes, and carboxyl reduces.
No. 47 bacterium is 18-30 ℃ at temperature, pH is under 8 the condition, be the part carbon source with the humic acids and be (1 ton of jar) when carrying out bulk fermentation in the nutrient solution of another part carbon source with system wine waste residue water washing lotion that stirring velocity is 130 rev/mins, this bacteria growing speed is very fast, cultivate and promptly reached the peak in 4 days, the 5th day No. 47 bacterium begins self-dissolving, and partial amino-acid is transferred in the fermented liquid, after 2 days, substratum is heated, and has putrid ammonia to overflow.So, generally can after cultivating 4～5 days, fermented liquid be tested, reaching microscopy does not have assorted bacterium, and the postdigestive fermented liquid nitrogen content that records must be greater than 6.5-7%, and indigested fermented liquid nitrogen content should be less than 2.5%.Then, fermented liquid is carried out concentrate drying with Exposure to Sunlight or vacuum concentration pot spray-drying tower, make product, the product yield can reach 6-9%.
Humic acids-the microbial protein feeding stuff that is obtained by above method is dark brown powder, and fermented soya bean fragrance is arranged, and is soluble in water, and the aqueous solution is brownish black.Product contains modified humic acid 20-30%, contains crude protein 40-55%, wherein contains necessary each seed amino acid of animal.In addition, also contain the element such as potassium, sodium, iron, calcium of trace and vitamin B group etc.
Replace 50% light fish meal with humic acids of the present invention-microbial protein feeding stuff, be made into mixed feed, feed with light fish meal contrast and raise broiler, chick livability improves 20%, and the day weight gain rate improves 26.2%, and efficiency of feed utilization improves 26.7%.In addition because this product contains necessary each seed amino acid of animal, and contain 20-30% through the yeast modification humic acids, so can strengthen the immune organ function of domestic animal, poultry significantly, improve its energy for growth and disease resistance.
It is abundant that the present invention produces the used starting material source of protein fodder, cheap, the weathered coal that contains humic acids 40% per ton can be produced feed 600-900 kilogram, the weathered coal that contains humic acids 10% per ton, can produce feed 200-250 kilogram, produce 100 tons of calculating per year as pressing, the per kilogram feed cost is a 0.9-1.1 unit, has reduced by 33% than the light fish meal of import (1.6 yuan/kilogram).
With carrying out the test of histological examination and bone marrow cell micronucleus and nuclear distortion behind the feed feeding animals of the present invention, show that this feed can not cause the increase of bone marrow cell micronucleus rate, do not have mutagenesis, can not cause that bone marrow cell chromosome is unusual, causes the offspring to distort yet.
Embodiment:
The weathered coal that 120 kg is contained humic acids 40%, input fills in the extractor that 1200 kilograms of concentration are 1% sodium hydroxide solution, logical steam boils, be incubated 1 hour, post precipitation, the clarifying sodium humate solution that contains humic acids 3.5-4% in the top of Siphon pot is diluted with water to the solution that contains humic acids 2.5% with it.Prepare fermention medium then, promptly in 800 kilograms of sodium humate solutions that contain humic acids 2.5%, add concentration and be 180 kilograms of the water lotions of 5% vinasse slag (husk), 3 kilograms of yeast waters, 6 kilograms in ammonium sulfate, 5.5 kilograms of dipotassium hydrogen phosphates, the pH value is transferred to 8, and according to a conventional method, promptly logical steam makes substratum insulation 1 hour under the temperature of 1 kg/cm pressure and 121 ℃, carry out autoclaving, add above-mentioned substratum after again 8 kilograms of urea being sterilized separately in addition, insert bacterium then No. 47, cultivate in retort, culture temperature is 25～28 ℃, and stirs with 130 rev/mins speed, cultivate after 4 days, do not have assorted bacterium with microscopical determination, recording undigested substratum nitrogen content with Kjeldahl method for nitrogen determination is 2.1%, and postdigestive substratum nitrogen content is 7.7%.At last fermented liquid is put under the sun and dried, make 70 kilograms of humic acids-microbial protein feeding stuffs that contain modified humic acid 28%, crude protein 48.1% after the pulverizing.
Experimental example:
Carry out in two batches before and after this experiment, each is with 40 of three yellow hybrid hatch chicks, and every batch to go out the shell date identical, and body weight is close, grows normally, does not have deformity and weak young bird, is regardless of male and female.
Every batch 40 merely hit, be divided into two groups at random, 20 every group.
Trial period feed cooperation: in 8 weeks of trial period, in trial period, control group is fed former conventional daily ration, and test group replaces 50% light fish meal with humic acids-microbial protein feeding stuff under same level, and two groups of diet recipes see Table 1.
The per kilogram feed contains metabolizable energy 2835.1 kilocalories, crude protein 20.85% can egg than 73.5 gram/thermies, calcium 0.97%, phosphorus 0.67%.
Two groups of chickens are gone out weigh immediately after shell is done hair, (fracture 12 hours) weighs before will raising in 4 ages in week of trial period, 8 ages in week, and all full group weighs, and settles accounts feed intake simultaneously.
Duration of test: two batches of chicks are raised in same test bay by same poultry raiser, raise according to a conventional method.
Experimental result sees Table 2
As seen from Table 2, two batches of surviving rates are all higher with test group, and the test group average survival improves 20%(than control group and sees Table 3).
As seen from Table 3, test group day weight gain sees Table 4 than the day weight gain of test group in high 35.1%, the second batch of the control group than the high 26.2%(of control group in first).
As seen from Table 4, first feedstuff-meat ratio of test group is that 100.37, the second batches of feedstuff-meat ratios are 1: 0.4, improves 31% and 25%, two batch of average raising 26.7% than control group respectively.
The document of record Candida lipolytica bacterium: " Institute of Micro-biology of the culture presevation handbook Chinese Academy of Sciences compiles, and Science Press publishes the 360-362 page or leaf.
Table 2 chick livability comparison sheet
8 ages in week of ages in 1 age in days 4 week
Criticize other group
Number of elements number of elements surviving rate % number of elements surviving rate %
Test 20 19 95 19 95
First contrasts 20 12 60 12 60
Second batch of test 20 20 100 20 100
Contrast 20 20 100 19 95
Test 40 39 97.5 39 97.5
Add up to
Contrast 40 32 80 31 77.5
Table 4 price of deed comparison sheet
Criticize average complete every weightening finish one per kilogram material of phase of average full phase
Other group
The weightening finish of weightening finish feed consumption kilogram feed consumption
Test 0.715 1.925 2.69 0.37
First contrasts 0.258 1.960 3.71 0.27
Second batch of test 0.640 1.610 2.52 0.40
Contrast 0.540 1.670 3.09 0.32
Test 0.677 1.765 2.61 0.38
Add up to
Contrast 0.536 1.785 3.63 0.30
Claims (2)
1, a kind of method of producing humic acids-microbial protein feeding stuff with weathered coal, it is characterized in that with the weathered coal being raw material, with concentration is that the alkaline solution of 0.5-2% (weight) extracts wherein humic acids as the part carbon source, water lotion with system wine waste residue (husk) is another part carbon source, preparation comprises 2.2-2.8% (weight) sodium humate solution 600-900 part (weight), vinasse slag (husk) water lotion 100-200 part (weight) of 5% (weight), ammonium sulfate 6-8 part (weight), urea 4-8 part (weight), dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 4-7 part (weight), yeast water 1-3 part (weight) pH value is the fermention medium of 8-8.5, Candida lipolytica bacterium CGMCC0095 (Candida lipolytica 47) after raising and train is cultivated, and through sterilization, check, operations such as drying are produced out the microbial protein feeding stuff that contains modified humic acid.
2, a kind of feed by the described method preparation of claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86105680A CN1016662B (en) | 1986-07-26 | 1986-07-26 | Process for preparation of humic acid-microbial protein feed from weathered coal and its products |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86105680A CN1016662B (en) | 1986-07-26 | 1986-07-26 | Process for preparation of humic acid-microbial protein feed from weathered coal and its products |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86105680A CN86105680A (en) | 1987-02-11 |
| CN1016662B true CN1016662B (en) | 1992-05-20 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86105680A Expired CN1016662B (en) | 1986-07-26 | 1986-07-26 | Process for preparation of humic acid-microbial protein feed from weathered coal and its products |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1016662B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1065550C (en) * | 1997-06-26 | 2001-05-09 | 蔡泽宇 | Production method of humate |
| CN101797016B (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2012-02-01 | 渭南蒲阳农业开发有限责任公司 | Animal growth modulating agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN102771623B (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2013-08-21 | 内蒙古蒙都羊业食品有限公司 | Bioprotein feed containing humic acid and preparation method |
| CN103740611A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-23 | 山西省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Compound microorganism agent, application of compound microorganism agent in degradation of humic acid and application method of compound microorganism agent |
| CN105192482A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2015-12-30 | 都江堰惠农生物技术有限责任公司 | Method for preparing humic acid-microorganism protein feed by means of sodium humate |
| CN108740345B (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2021-10-29 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Sodium humate product containing oligosaccharide and application thereof |
-
1986
- 1986-07-26 CN CN86105680A patent/CN1016662B/en not_active Expired
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN86105680A (en) | 1987-02-11 |
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