CN101661552B - Non-contact IC card radio frequency protocol and application testing method - Google Patents
Non-contact IC card radio frequency protocol and application testing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing a non-contact IC card radio frequency protocol, comprising screening interoperability key parameter, constructing a testing system, calibrating the testing system and testing, wherein screening is carried out according to the influence of the parameters to the interoperability, and the key parameter influencing the interoperability of a non-contact IC card can be found out in the parameters, so that the testing method is the only way for solving the problem of interoperability; and the testing system comprises professional testing software, a transceiver specially used for testing, an ISO 10373-6 test suite, a power regulating suite, a monitoring and protocol analyzing device, an oscilloscope and a connecting line used for testing.The invention has the advantages that by adopting multi-loop synchronous verification technique, working mode which can be used for completing every test scene based on script and modular software layered design technology, the invention effectively ensures the stability of the testing system as well as the authenticity and the recurrence of the test result, leads the test content to be updated and the problem analysis to be simple and flexible, and guarantees the function of the testing software to be expandable and the maintenance to be convenient and easy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of testing, particularly relate to a kind of method of testing of non-contact IC card radio frequency protocol.
Background technology
In recent years, the non-contact IC interoperability issue that is stuck in radio frequency protocol and application facet has caused people's attention and concern gradually.At present, industry is reached common understanding substantially: testing influencing the key parameter that non-contact IC is stuck in radio frequency protocol and application interoperability, is assessment non-contact IC card product interoperability quality and then the fundamental way that solves interoperability issue.But, because these tests relate to a plurality of subjects and fields such as simulation and Digital Electronic Technique, MCU and interfacing, serial communication technology, technology for radio frequency, measuring technique, information coding and cryptographic technique, Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology, theory of probability and statistical technique, COS designing technique, software development technique, relate to numerous and jumbled standards systems such as ISO, ICAO, GA and GB, more do not have corresponding data and the ripe case can be for reference.Therefore, up to the present this power of test is also only grasped in Europe transregional company of several family and mechanism for testing hand, constitute the technology barriers and the barrier of non-contact IC card technical field high-end applications, seriously hindered the innovation and the development of China's non-contact IC card technique.
Simultaneously, the external present following shortcoming of method of testing ubiquity of mechanism for testing:
1. system's operation is stable inadequately, the test result repdocutbility is bad
The common in the market stable inadequately problem of method of testing ubiquity operation, to such an extent as to same parameter differs bigger in the result of different time test, this brings great difficulty with regard to the judgement of giving the test result accuracy.The present invention is owing to adopted the synchronous verification technique of multiloop, and the test macro operation is very reliable and stable, has fully guaranteed the repdocutbility of test result.
2. be not easy to the analysis and the investigation of problem
Existing method of testing can only judge generally whether test result meets relevant criterion, but can't carry out the analysis and the investigation of problem.The present invention can analyze and investigate the problem that runs in the test by modes such as breakpoint, adding judgement statement are set in testing software.
3. content measurement upgrades inconvenience
If test according to (international standard etc.) variation has taken place, the renewal in the existing method of testing can only rely on the version and the content of software design manufacturer update software, and user oneself can't realize at all.But the running software mode based on script that adopts among the present invention can be carried out the renewal of content measurement easily, when the test foundation changes, only needs the corresponding test script of change that is:, just can finish renewal easily.
4. depend on tester's technical merit
Existing method of testing is owing to reasons such as the test macro operation is stable inadequately, test monitoring means shortages, to the requirement of tester's technical merit than higher.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of testing of non-contact IC card radio frequency protocol, this method provides abundant problem to judge and monitoring mechanism, and system is stable, and is therefore lower to tester's requirement.
To achieve these goals, the present invention realizes by the following steps scheme:
At first, the screening of interoperability key parameter;
The radio frequency protocol of non-contact IC card and the parameter of application facet are a lot, and the test process of most of parameter is also very loaded down with trivial details and complicated.If whole parameters are tested not only to waste time and energy, but also can cause the significant wastage of scientific research resource.Therefore, according to these parameters the size that influences of interoperability being screened, therefrom find out the key parameter that influences the non-contact IC card interoperability, is the only way which must be passed that solves interoperability issue by method of testing.
Wherein, according to working experience for many years, with reference to international standard and related data, the present invention has filtered out the key parameter that influences interoperability issue, according to osi model The selection result is carried out hierarchical description below:
1. Physical layer: load-modulate amplitude, operation field intensity, communication stability and resonance frequency;
2. data link layer: the poll that powers on, frame stand-by period, Additional Protection time, sequential and frame format parameters such as SOF, EOF;
3. protocol layer: card activation, I-Block exchanges data, chain transmission, cancellation are chosen, the expansion of frame stand-by period, mistake are handled;
4. application layer: select application, safety condition, access control, selection spare, read binary number, application memory district readwrite tests, logic data structure test.
The key parameter of above-mentioned application layer has only been enumerated key parameter partly commonly used, also should augment according to concrete application.And the parameter testing process of application layer is comparatively simple, speed is very fast, even increase some parameters test duration and workload is obviously increased more.
If it should be noted that to relate to situations such as mutual authentication, encryption and decryption in the above-mentioned test process, should under different condition, take multiple measurements to same parameter.Because the working mechanism that non-contact IC is stuck under the different condition may be different, therefore the test result of same parameter under different test conditions just might be different.For example: under the plaintext state and under the ciphertext state, required operation field intensity is read and write and the time is distinct in certain zone in the non-contact IC card.
Secondly, the structure of test macro;
Communication conditions that how can the monitoring space communication interface, ensure the stability of space communtication, can guarantee that again test result is one of difficult point problem of such test macro without interruption, this mainly is because all exchanges data between non-contact IC card and the test macro are all finished by radio frequency interface, is difficult for observing, being subjected to easily characteristics such as external interference, the duration is short, contingency is strong but the radio communication interface has signal intelligence.Therefore, improper if the monitoring method in the test macro has slightly, just influence precision of test result and reproducibility easily.Test macro described herein adopts the mutual verification technique of multiloop to solve this problem effectively.
Described test macro comprises professional test software, tests special-purpose transceiver, ISO10373-6 protos test suite PROTOS, power are adjusted external member, monitoring and protocal analysis equipment, oscillograph and test connecting line.
Wherein, special test software is the command and control center of this test macro, this software can be finished every test according to various piece co-ordination in the requirement scheduling schedule system of tester and test script, can also finish encryption and decryption computing, work such as record and store test results, analytical test fault automatically in the test process simultaneously.
For strengthening the extensibility and the maintainability of software, this software has adopted modular software hierarchical design technology, and this testing software framework has been divided into user interactions layer, application layer and device talk layer.Wherein, the interactive operation between user interactions layer Control Software and the user, is write down the result of script operation and is fed back to the user working rule (breakpoint, the single step execution etc.) Run Script of being responsible for script that the typing user writes, setting according to the user; The parsing and the judgement of application layer control application operating instruction and script standard are responsible for resolving ISO14443 order and application operating instruction, configuration facility parameter, control automatic operational scheme, are resolved script; Communicating by letter between device talk layer Control Software and the equipment is responsible for the transmitting-receiving of data, the parsing of communication protocol etc.
Wherein, test special-purpose transceiver by sendaisle, receiving cable, data communication interface, signal monitoring interface, agreement is intercepted and analysis module etc. is formed.Finish under the control of this equipment special-purpose testing software in system to produce test signal and it is sent, receives and resolve data that tested card returns and be transferred to the test special software then, provide tasks such as programmable monitor signal for the high-performance oscillograph.
Wherein, the ISO10373-6 protos test suite PROTOS is made up of standard testing antenna holder, load reference card, special test probe etc.This equipment provides the radio communication of standard platform, reference load is provided, the monitoring point of optimization is provided for signal measurement for the calibration of system for communicating by letter between smart card and the test macro.
Wherein, power adjustment external member is made up of power attenuator group, power amplifier, radio-frequency transmission line etc.This equipment is used for the power of the output signal of special-purpose transceiver is adjusted to suitable amplitude, carries the standard testing antenna holder to the ISO10373-6 protos test suite PROTOS, to satisfy the requirement of test job to space magnetic field intensity.
Wherein, monitoring and protocal analysis equipment are monitored module, protocol-analysis model and data transmission interface and are formed the monitoring and the parsing of signal of communication between finishing card and test macro under the control of special test software by monitoring sampling antenna, signal demodulation module, signal.
Wherein, oscillograph is used for the measurement of time sequence parameter and the monitoring of communication process.
Wherein, test is changed first-class the composition with connecting line by netting twine, radio-frequency transmission line, radio frequency, finishes the transmission of data-signal and test signal.
At last, calibration test system and testing.
The calibration function of native system is simple and easy to do.The hardware calibration that load reference card in the use ISO10373-6 protos test suite PROTOS and oscillograph can be finished system.Then, test script is used in the operation calibration on special test software, can finish the function calibration of system.
In test process, the test operation personnel need write test script according to the method for testing and the script parsing grammer of tested key parameter, and by special test running software test script.Like this, special test software will communicate by driving the special-purpose transceiver of test, power adjustment external member and ISO10373-6 protos test suite PROTOS and space magnetic field and tested card.Subsequently, the response signal of tested card will be passed special test software back by the receiving cable of testing special-purpose transceiver.Behind the script end of run, special test software can be handled test result automatically according to the requirement of test script, automatically test result is carried out the book of final entry and sign, so that operating personnel's examination.
And, in the process of script operation, special test software also can be by the situation of monitoring and protocal analysis equipment and oscillograph monitoring space communtication, information such as the time domain waveform of display space communication in real time, frequency domain intensity, and test result carried out real time record, so that the situation that tester's monitoring is communicated by letter with analysis space, check test result.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
This test macro has adopted the synchronous verification technique of multiloop, has finished the working method and the modular software hierarchical design technology of each test scene based on script, guaranteed reliable and stable operation, test result true of test macro effectively and can reappear, the renewal of content measurement and case study easy flexibly, testing software function expansion and safeguard convenient and easy.
1. the synchronous verification technique of multiloop has guaranteed the genuine and believable of the reliable and stable operation of system and test result
This test macro has test loop and virtual test loop of two reality, tests the test loop that special-purpose transceiver, power adjustment external member and ISO10373-6 special test external member constitute that is:; Test the test loop that special-purpose transceiver, power adjustment external member, ISO10373-6 special test external member and oscillograph constitute; Test the virtual test loop that constitutes between special-purpose transceiver and monitoring and the protocal analysis equipment.Play a part mutual checking between these loops, the situation in one of them loop can synchronously reflect in other loop, handled easily personnel's observation and analysis; Can also monitor each link of radio communication in the test macro simultaneously, make the analysis of problem and research become very convenient.This is that external similar test macro is not available at present.
Modular software hierarchical design technique guarantee software function expansion and safeguard convenient and easy
Special test software in this test macro has just carried out with different levels modular design according to the function of software to the framework of software at the beginning of design.This framework had both made things convenient for sharing out the work and helping one another of software design stage software design personnel, had strengthened the extensibility of software again.For example:, only need the function of expansion " application testing module " if in software, increase new application; If make software be applicable to new read-write facility, only need the function of expansion " EM equipment module ".
3. the working method of finishing each test scene based on script had both been avoided the interference of human factor, made the analysis of the renewal of content measurement and problem easier flexibly again
This test macro adopts the form of writing and move test script at test scene to finish the test job of each parameter, so both avoid the randomness of full manual test and result's nonrepeatability, avoided the software error that may occur in the full automation test process again.Simultaneously, this mode is all very convenient to the analysis and the checking of problem, and operating personnel can be by being provided with breakpoint, adding modes such as comparing statement, the problem that occurs in the analytical test process in script.In addition, if the method for testing of certain test scene is because application demand or variation has appearred in the version change of international standard and content is augmented only needs the corresponding test script of change to get final product, and need not change the other parts in the test macro.These advantages also are that external similar test macro is not available.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the test system block diagram of the method for testing of a kind of non-contact IC card radio frequency protocol of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the logic block-diagram of test special software of the method for testing of a kind of non-contact IC card radio frequency protocol of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment method of testing a kind of non-contact IC card radio frequency protocol of the present invention.
The present invention realizes by following steps:
1. the screening of interoperability key parameter
(1) Physical layer: load-modulate amplitude, operation field intensity, communication stability and resonance frequency;
(2) data link layer: the poll that powers on, frame stand-by period, Additional Protection time, sequential and frame format parameters such as SOF, EOF;
(3) protocol layer: card activation, I-Block exchanges data, chain transmission, cancellation are chosen, the frame stand-by period expands, mistake is handled;
(4) application layer: select application, safety condition, access control, selection spare, read binary number, application memory district readwrite tests, logic data structure test.
The key parameter of above-mentioned application layer has only been enumerated key parameter partly commonly used, also should augment according to concrete application.
2. the structure of test macro
Consult shown in Fig. 1, the test macro of the method for testing of a kind of non-contact IC card radio frequency protocol of the present invention comprises that described test macro comprises professional test software 10, the special-purpose transceiver 30 of test, ISO10373-6 protos test suite PROTOS 50, power adjustment external member 40, monitoring and protocal analysis equipment 60 and oscillograph 20.
Described special test software 10 is command and control centers of this test macro, connects the special-purpose transceiver 30 of test, monitoring and protocal analysis equipment 60 and oscillograph 20 with the test connecting line respectively.
Wherein special test software 10 can be finished every test according to various piece co-ordination in the requirement scheduling schedule system of tester and test script, can also finish encryption and decryption computing, work such as record and store test results, analytical test fault automatically in the test process simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 2, the software architecture that this software adopts has been divided into user interactions layer 11, application layer 12 and device talk layer 13 with this testing software.
Wherein, user interactions layer 11 is by the interactive operation between user interface 110 Control Software and the user, working rule (breakpoint, the single step execution etc.) Run Script of being responsible for script that the typing user writes, setting according to the user, the result of script operation write down and feeds back to the user;
The special-purpose transceiver 30 of described test comprises signal observation interface 31, data communication interface 32, signal monitoring interface 33 and receiving cable 34.Wherein signal observation interface 31 connects power adjustment external member 40, and data communication interface 32 connects testing softwares 10, and signal monitoring interface 33 connects oscillographs 20, the receiving antenna 52 that receiving cable 34 connects on the ISO10373-6 protos test suite PROTOS 50.
Described ISO10373-6 protos test suite PROTOS 50 comprises tested card 51, receiving antenna 52, signal monitoring point 53 and balance sensing point 54.Wherein, tested card 51 is placed tested card, and signal monitoring point 53 connects oscillograph 20, and balance detection point 54 also is connected with oscillograph 20.
Described power is adjusted external member 40 and is comprised power amplification 41 and power attenuation 42.Wherein, power adjustment external member 40 links to each other with ISO10373-6 protos test suite PROTOS 50 with the special-purpose transceiver 30 of test respectively.
Described monitoring and protocal analysis equipment 60 comprise monitoring aerial 61 and data communication interface 62.Wherein monitoring aerial 61 links to each other with ISO10373-6 protos test suite PROTOS 50, data communication interface 62 and special test software 10.
3. calibration test system and testing
The calibration function of native system is simple and easy to do.The hardware calibration that load reference card in the use ISO10373-6 protos test suite PROTOS 50 and oscillograph 20 can be finished system.Then, operation calibration testing script on special test software 10 can be finished the function calibration of system.
In test process, the test operation personnel need write test script according to the method for testing and the script parsing grammer of tested key parameter, and by special test software 10 operation test scripts.Like this, special test software 10 will communicate by space magnetic field and tested card by driving the special-purpose transceiver 30 of test, power adjustment external member 40 and ISO10373-6 protos test suite PROTOS 50.
Subsequently, the response signal of tested card will be passed special test software 10 back by the receiving cable 34 of testing special-purpose transceiver 30.
Behind the script end of run, special test software 10 can be handled test result automatically according to the requirement of test script, automatically test result is carried out the book of final entry and sign, so that operating personnel's examination.
And, in the process of script operation, special test software 10 also can be by the situation of monitoring and protocal analysis equipment 60 and oscillograph 20 monitoring space communtications, information such as the time domain waveform of display space communication in real time, frequency domain intensity, and test result carried out real time record, so that the situation that tester's monitoring is communicated by letter with analysis space, check test result.
Claims (5)
1. the method for testing of a non-contact IC card radio frequency protocol, this method are mainly logical to be judged and supervisory control system running mechanism and stable the test of key parameter, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) screening of interoperability key parameter;
2) structure of test macro;
3) calibration test system and testing;
Wherein, the screening of the key parameter of interoperability described in the step 1) is carried out hierarchical description according to osi model to The selection result:
A) Physical layer: load-modulate amplitude, operation field intensity, communication stability and resonance frequency;
B) data link layer: the poll that powers on, frame stand-by period, Additional Protection time, SOF, EOF sequential and frame format parameter;
C) protocol layer: card activation, I-Block exchanges data, chain transmission, cancellation are chosen, the frame stand-by period expands, mistake is handled;
D) application layer: select application, safety condition, access control, selection spare, read binary number, application memory district readwrite tests, logic data structure test;
Wherein, step 2) structure of described test macro adopts the mutual verification technique of the interference-free multiloop of test result, and this test macro comprises professional test software, tests special-purpose transceiver, ISO10373-6 protos test suite PROTOS, power are adjusted external member, monitoring and protocal analysis equipment, oscillograph and test connecting line;
Wherein, in the step 3), need write test script according to the method for testing and the script parsing grammer of tested key parameter, and by special test running software test script, special test software will communicate by space magnetic field and tested card by driving the special-purpose transceiver of test, power adjustment external member and ISO10373-6 protos test suite PROTOS;
Subsequently, the response signal of tested card will be passed special test software back by the receiving cable of testing special-purpose transceiver; Behind the script end of run, special test software can be handled test result automatically according to the requirement of test script, automatically test result is carried out the book of final entry and sign;
And in the process of script operation, special test software also can be by the situation of monitoring and protocal analysis equipment and oscillograph monitoring space communtication, display space time domain waveform, the frequency domain strength information of communicating by letter in real time, and test result carried out real time record.
2. the method for testing of a kind of non-contact IC card radio frequency protocol according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 2) in, described professional test software adopts software architecture, and this testing software has been divided into user interactions layer, application layer and device talk layer.
3. the method for testing of a kind of non-contact IC card radio frequency protocol according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in step 2) in, the application layer of described professional test software comprises that 14443 parameters are provided with module, 14443 and order test modules, device parameter that module, automatic test module and application testing module are set, be used to control the parsing and the judgement of application operating instruction and script standard, be responsible for resolving ISO14443 order and application operating instruction, configuration facility parameter, control automatic operational scheme, resolve script.
4. the method for testing of a kind of non-contact IC card radio frequency protocol according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in step 2) in, the device talk layer of described professional test software comprises script interpreter, communication module and EM equipment module, be used for communicating by letter between Control Software and the equipment, be responsible for the transmitting-receiving of data, the parsing of communication protocol.
5. the method for testing of a kind of non-contact IC card radio frequency protocol according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 3), the hardware calibration that load reference card in the described calibration test system use ISO10373-6 protos test suite PROTOS and oscillograph can be finished system, then, operation calibration testing script on special test software can be finished the function calibration of system.
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| CN107038395B (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2023-04-28 | 杨军 | Comprehensive test board and test method for card reader special for subway |
| CN110197089A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-09-03 | 深圳市创自技术有限公司 | Reader detection method, equipment and computer readable storage medium |
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| CN112183124A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-05 | 深圳市银通商智能卡有限公司 | Non-contact IC card radio frequency protocol and application test method |
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