CN101660406A - Memory-type pressure acquisition system and oil well pressure acquisition method thereof - Google Patents
Memory-type pressure acquisition system and oil well pressure acquisition method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a memory-type pressure acquisition system and an oil well pressure acquisition method thereof; the system comprises a lower computer and an upper computer, wherein the lower computer internally comprises a pressure sensor which acquires the information of pressure parameters and converts the information into electric signals, am amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter, asingle chip microcomputer used for data acquisition, data access and clock parameter setting of the system and processing digital signals, a real-time clock circuit, a memorizer, a liquid crystal display module, a keypad control circuit used for inputting storage members and sampling interval time, a communication interface used for conveying the information into a microcomputer and a power module and a power supply which are used for supplying electricity to the system, can realize functions such as the pressure data acquisition, A/D conversion, data processing, storage and display and the like so as to meet the requirements that the oil well acquires the maximum oil recovery rate. The memory-type pressure acquisition system realizes functions of the vast pressure data storage, the inputof the time and oil well numbers and conveying data into the upper computer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the oil field prospecting technical field, particularly relate to a kind of oil-field flooding pressure acquisition system and acquisition method.
Background technology
Along with the deep development of petroleum technology, pressure gauge is being brought into play effect day by day significantly in the oil field prospecting exploitation.Electronic pressure gauge is with the accuracy height and show the favor that is subjected to vast petroleum works technician intuitively.Electronic pressure gauge progressively replaces mechanical manometer becomes the main flow that down-hole pressure is gathered.
In the process of oil exploitation, the water of high pressure need be squeezed into the down-hole at a high speed, again the water oil mixture is pumped to ground.Then, with water and separated from petroleum.Because the yield of the pressure of water and oil has certain curved line relation, can gather the yield curve figure that pressure obtains pressure and oil by instrument, the water yield that adds according to curve map adjustment and the pressure of water are to obtain maximum oil-collecting ratio.The oil-field flooding pressure data uploaded to carry out analyzing and processing in the computer, draw curve map.Go out water injection pressure and product yield and qualitative relation according to the data analysis that collects.The time of record acquisition pressure, date.The time in sampling interval that is provided with is adjustable, and the sampling time reaches a couple of days, gathers force value and reaches several ten thousand.So, be badly in need of a kind of pressure tester that is applicable to the oil field.Because measure the place at the construction field (site), the processing place away from data can not directly apply to the scene with master computer.Therefore must adopt a kind of small-sized collecting device to gather, the data of gathering be taken back data handle the place.The general now wireless transport module that adopts transfers back to the processing place with the data of gathering by wireless data transfer module.The advantage of this scheme is can implement monitoring to pressure data.Wireless data transmission module can be real-time transmitted to the pressure data that collects data and handle the place.But it is because on-the-spot distant from handling the place, must adopt powerful wireless data transmission module, powerful wireless communications products need just can use through state approval on the one hand, powerful on the other hand radio communication mold block cost is very high, and radio communication to be subjected to the influence of landform and aerial interfering signal bigger.Have also that volume is big, power consumption is high, can not gather and write down down-hole pressure for a long time, temperature data, because the violation power-off operation that the user carries out causes the defective of loss of vital data easily.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of memory-type pressure acquisition system and oil well pressure acquisition method thereof, it is big to solve in the prior art acquisition system volume, the power consumption height, can not gather and write down down-hole pressure, temperature data for a long time, when the user carries out the violation power-off operation, cause the technical problem of loss of vital data easily.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of memory-type pressure acquisition system, comprises slave computer and host computer, comprises in the described slave computer:
Pressure sensor is used to gather the information of pressure parameter and converts the signal of telecommunication to;
Amplifier is used for described pressure sensor electrical signal converted is amplified;
Analog-digital converter is used for the signal of telecommunication after the described amplifier amplification is converted to data signal;
Single-chip microcomputer is used for data acquisition, data access and the timing parameter setting of system, and described data signal is handled;
Real time clock circuit is connected with described single-chip microcomputer, be used for real-time clock demonstration and to the time;
Memory is used to store data signal and time after described single-chip microcomputer is handled;
LCD MODULE is connected with described single-chip microcomputer, is used for demonstration time and force value;
Key control circuit is connected with described single-chip microcomputer, is used for input storage numbering and time in sampling interval;
Communication interface is used for information is transferred to host computer microcomputer;
Power module and power supply are used for single-chip microcomputer, analog-digital converter, LCD MODULE, communication interface, memory power supply to said system;
Switch, power supply circuits between module and the single-chip microcomputer are used to cut off the electricity supply.
Described system also comprises the watchdog circuit that is connected with single-chip microcomputer, is used for monitoring and processing to system in case of system halt or system's power down.
The interface of described host computer includes the interface of setting key, password modification, data transmission, data reception, data preservation, database storage, formation form and the mapping operation of baud rate.
Described communication interface is a serial line interface, and control chip adopts serial line interface to be connected respectively with described analog-digital converter, memory and LCD MODULE.
Described power module has the duplex feeding circuit, each road power supply circuits all has a switch voltage-stabilizing IC chip, wherein one road power supply circuits are given single-chip microcomputer and watchdog circuit power supply, and be connected with a switch key, another road power supply circuits are given analog-digital converter, LCD MODULE, communication interface, memory power supply.
Described switch be power module with the I/O interface of single-chip microcomputer between a soft on/off circuit being connected, soft on/off circuit is included in switch key that power supply circuits connect, be connected two diodes between switch key input and the singlechip CPU pin, be connected to two power interfaces of single-chip microcomputer and two non-gating elements, two triodes and two resistance between normal mode of operation switched pins/safety shutdown pattern switched pins.
A start duration testing circuit is arranged in the described single-chip microcomputer, be used to detect the time that power key is pressed, and export starting-up signal after arriving predefined time threshold detecting time that power key presses;
Also have a start control circuit in the described single-chip microcomputer, be used for, the normal mode of operation/safety shutdown pattern switched pins of described power module is carried out the setting of high-low level according to described starting-up signal.
A kind of oil well pressure acquisition method of using above-mentioned memory-type pressure acquisition system is characterized in that: adopt halted state functional module and acquisition state functional module two large divisions, acquisition step is as follows:
The sample force value of gained of memory-type pressure acquisition system is stored in the memory;
Host computer sends the request character to slave computer, and slave computer enters serial ports and interrupts, and data is read from memory, and carry out corresponding Data Format Transform, sends to host computer;
After host computer receives data, carry out corresponding data and handle; In communication process, also to finish the host computer transmitting system time and give slave computer, the function that slave computer will be stored, show the time on LCD display;
Data upload and remove internal memory: system converts the total data at the end from the first address to the address pointer in the memory to ASCII character and is uploaded to host computer by serial ports; Computer sends removes the internal memory order, and this order returns 00 00 00 to the data pointer adjustment of memory, and writes end mark;
Described halted state functional module has following steps:
(1), the long power key of pressing was carried out boot program in 3 seconds;
(2), beginning initialization serial ports;
(3), remove key assignments;
(4), show the halted state background, prepare the order of response from serial ports;
(5), when serial ports transmits order, judge whether command word into TT; If the TT command word, then carry out to the time subprogram, carry out to the time, finish program after, returned for the 2nd step and carry out the initialization serial ports; If receiving command word is not TT, then enter next step judgement; TT be to the time command word, form is: TT date Hour Minute Second; Receive this order back halted state functional module can carry out to the time operation, convert the time data date Hour Minute Second of TT back to BCD and count the writing system clock and show the current time;
(6), judge whether from serial ports reception order be the CC command word; If the CC command word, then carry out and remove the internal memory subprogram, internally deposit into row and remove, finish program after, returned for the 2nd step and carry out the initialization serial ports; If receiving command word is not CC, then enter next step judgement; CC removes the internal memory command word, and this order returns 00 00 00 and write end mark to the data pointer adjustment of memory;
(7), judge from serial ports to receive whether order is the RR command word,, carry out data upload if the RR command word is then carried out and uploaded the data subprogram, finish program after, returned for the 2nd step and carry out the initialization serial ports; If receiving command word is not RR, then enter next step judgement; RR is the upload command word, and system uploads data manipulation when receiving this command word, and system converts the total data from first address to the address pointer end in the memory to ASCII character and is uploaded to host computer by serial ports;
(8), judged whether that the OK key is pressed, if press the OK key, then carried out the acquisition state functional module, detailed content is mentioned below, finish program after, returned for the 2nd step and carry out the initialization serial ports; If do not press the OK key, then enter next step judgement;
(9), judged whether that power key is pressed, just carried out shutdown programm in 3 seconds if power key is pressed; If there is not power key to press, program returned for the 4th step, and wait-for-response is from the order of serial ports.
Described acquisition state functional module has following steps:
(a), at first the input storage is numbered;
(b), input sample at interval;
(c), it is zero in the sampling interval during initialization; , show and gather picture when at interval non-vanishing by the button input sample;
(d), read clock chip, the value of SEC unit is sent among second temporary storage location SEC1 with second;
(e), with change flag zero clearing second, with second in sampling interval, branch, the time unit zero clearing;
(f), read the A/D sampled value of analog-digital converter;
(g), average value filtering;
(h), force value is carried out the unit conversion;
(i), read clock chip, judge whether the value in second SEC unit consistent with value among second temporary storage location SEC1, if unanimity will change SECON mark position 1 second;
(j), judge whether a second change flag position SECON is 1, if be 1, second in sampling interval, branch, the time temporary storage location adjust; With change flag position SECON zero clearing second;
(k), show force value;
(l), judge that the time in sampling interval arrives? if the time in sampling interval arrives, judge whether memory data is filled with, if data are filled with, acquisition function stops;
(m) if memory data is not filled with, transfer sampling to write subprogram, sampled value is written in the memory, upgrade the sampling sign and show;
(n), judge that the OK key presses? if press the OK key, acquisition function stops.Do not continue sampling if press the OK key.Read the A/D sampled value of analog-digital converter.
Compared with prior art, technical scheme of the present invention has following advantage:
Memory-type pressure acquisition system of the present invention can be realized functions such as pressure data collection, A/D conversion, data processing and preservation demonstration, to satisfy the needs that the oil field obtains maximum tar productivity.Memory-type pressure acquisition system is realized a large amount of pressure data storages, the input of realization time, oily pound sign, and the function that transfers data to host computer.Memory-type pressure acquisition system all adopts serial chip, and it is little to make that system constitutes volume.System adopts soft switching on and shutting down power circuit, has realized the function of soft switching on and shutting down, and during soft-off, single-chip microcomputer itself and VCC go up all devices and stop power supply, and circuit is in off-mode, greatly reduces energy consumption.Memory-type pressure acquisition system has precision height, dependable performance, easy to operate, characteristics that volume is little, low in energy consumption, can gather and write down down-hole pressure, temperature data for a long time, when the user carries out the violation power-off operation, also can not cause loss of vital data.Can be applicable to flushing pressure data in the oil field is gathered and stored.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of memory-type pressure acquisition system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the connection diagram of soft on/off circuit and power module;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that soft on/off circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer;
Fig. 4 is the connection diagram of real time clock circuit and single-chip microcomputer;
Fig. 5 is the program flow diagram of halted state functional module in the oil well pressure acquisition method of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the program flow diagram of acquisition state functional module in the oil well pressure acquisition method of the present invention;
Fig. 7 uses the picture demonstration figure that the present invention arrives the data upload of gathering in computer.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
The present invention is as shown in Figure 1: this memory-type pressure acquisition system comprises slave computer and host computer, comprises in the slave computer:
Pressure sensor is used to gather the information of pressure parameter and converts the signal of telecommunication to;
Amplifier is used for described pressure sensor electrical signal converted is amplified;
Analog-digital converter is used for the signal of telecommunication after the described amplifier amplification is converted to data signal;
Single-chip microcomputer is used for data acquisition, data access and the timing parameter setting of system, and described data signal is handled;
Real time clock circuit is connected with described single-chip microcomputer, be used for real-time clock demonstration and to the time;
Memory is used to store data signal and time after described single-chip microcomputer is handled;
LCD MODULE is connected with described single-chip microcomputer, is used for demonstration time and force value;
Key control circuit is connected with described single-chip microcomputer, is used for input storage numbering and time in sampling interval;
Communication interface is used for information is transferred to microcomputer;
Power module and power supply are used for single-chip microcomputer, analog-digital converter, LCD MODULE, communication interface, memory power supply to said system;
Switch, power supply circuits between module and the single-chip microcomputer are used to cut off the electricity supply.
The watchdog circuit that is connected with single-chip microcomputer is used for monitoring and processing to system in case of system halt or system's power down.
Described communication interface is a serial line interface, and control chip adopts serial line interface to be connected respectively with described analog-digital converter, memory and LCD MODULE.
Referring to Fig. 2, described power module has the duplex feeding circuit, each road power supply circuits all has a switch voltage-stabilizing IC chip, wherein one road power supply circuits are given single-chip microcomputer and watchdog circuit power supply, and be connected with a switch key, another road power supply circuits are given analog-digital converter, LCD MODULE, communication interface, memory power supply.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, described switch be power module with the I/O interface of single-chip microcomputer between a soft on/off circuit being connected, soft on/off circuit is included in switch key that power supply circuits connect, be connected two diodes between switch key input and the singlechip CPU pin, be connected to two power interfaces of single-chip microcomputer and two non-gating elements, two triodes and two resistance between normal mode of operation switched pins/safety shutdown pattern switched pins.
A start duration testing circuit is arranged in the described single-chip microcomputer, be used to detect the time that power key is pressed, and export starting-up signal after arriving predefined time threshold detecting time that power key presses;
Also have a start control circuit in the described single-chip microcomputer, be used for, the normal mode of operation/safety shutdown pattern switched pins of described power module is carried out the setting of high-low level according to described starting-up signal.
The main circuit of slave computer is made up of major parts such as single-chip microcomputer, sensor, amplifying circuit, A/D change-over circuit, liquid crystal display circuit, real time clock circuit, key control circuit and power circuits.It is a core with microprocessor AT89S52, the small resistance variations that pressure sensor causes pressure is converted to the correspondent voltage signal and changes, this voltage signal send A/D converter to be converted to the corresponding digital amount after amplifying circuit amplifies, and is deposited in the memory and the demonstration of liquor charging crystal display.Key in the collection force value that the oil well pound sign then can access storage on computers, so that the analysis to measure result.Pressure acquisition system communicates by RS-232C standard interface and computer, utilizes powerful data processing function of computer and screen display function, and it is more perfect that data are handled, and screen display content is abundanter.Adopt serial interface chip in the system, volume is reduced, interference free performance improves.
The design fundamentals of system are: sensor picks up the information of pressure parameter and converts the signal of telecommunication to, and the signal after the amplification is sent in the single-chip microcomputer after A/D converter converts digital signal corresponding to; Single-chip microcomputer carries out data operation and processing; The result of computing is converted into binary-coded decimal and shows; Single-chip microcomputer is stored in the outer E of sheet to operation result simultaneously
2In the PROM.Pressure acquisition system can also link to each other with computer,, is stored as slave computer acquired signal and data by the core component single-chip microcomputer, by serial communication interface information is transferred to computer, carries out global administration by computer.
It partly is that slave computer and floor treatment partly are host computer that memory-type pressure acquisition system can be divided into downhole instrument.Downhole instrument partly wants cube little, low in energy consumption, can gather and write down down-hole pressure, temperature data for a long time.Because downhole instrument will work long hours in well, can not cut off the power supply midway, under the battery capacity condition of limited, adopting rational structure and reducing system power dissipation is the main method that improves system reliability, prolongs the instrument working time.1., the downhole instrument parameter is set be to cooperate the use of downhole instrument, need the corresponding ground processing software of design, its function comprises:, its mode is on request worked; 2., playback downhole data and to its processing, figure shows, the data storage is so that analyze the working condition of down-hole.
Present embodiment selects for use the AT89S52 single-chip microcomputer of Atmel company as the microcontroller core parts.The analog signal that will collect pressure sensor by amplifier AD620 is amplified, and by A/D converter TLC2543 analog signal is converted into data signal and gives single-chip microcomputer.Display is selected RT12832B Chinese liquid crystal mesogens display module for use, is used for the demonstration of time and force value.For realizing the low energy consumption signals collecting, designed soft switching on and shutting down power circuit, realized the soft power on/off function of system.Pressing switch after the several seconds, system can start working, and makes system more safe and reliable.Realized the monitoring management that key control circuit shows.The memory 24C1024 that extends out is used for the force value that storage of collected arrives.System has finished operations such as the address of memory is adjusted, continuous read-write.Operations such as collection, the unit that has realized pressure data changes, demonstration in real time, storage.Real-time clock is selected the DS1302 chip for use, finished real-time clock demonstration, to the time etc. function.In order to realize communicating by letter between single-chip microcomputer and the computer, selected the MAX232 chip for use.Formulate communication protocol and realized correctly uploading of pressure data.A/D converter TLC2543 does not have the internal reference voltage source to need outside the supply.Adopt the reference voltage source of LM336-2.5 as TLC2543.LM336-2.5 is an integrated regulator accurately, error is no more than ± and 1%.The chip that system uses also has chips such as MAX813, MAX735 and LM2574-5.0.
The course of work of pressure acquisition system of the present invention is: storage numbering, time in sampling interval are inserted by key control circuit, to system the signal of pressure sensor is amplified through amplifier as the sampling time, read in the internal storage location of single-chip microcomputer after the processing such as A/D conversion, filtering.And binary force value carried out unit transformation and be presented on the LCD display.Deposit pressure data and time in memory cell that single-chip microcomputer extends out subsequently.Behind data processing place, the pressure data of being deposited in the pressure acquisition system is uploaded in the computer.Pressure acquisition system requires to have portability.Can move in working site and data processing place easily.
Memory-type pressure acquisition system of the present invention can be operated in resting state, and has realized the soft-off function.Below soft switching on and shutting down and resting state are elaborated:
(1), the realization of soft switching on and shutting down
Memory-type pressure acquisition system of the present invention has adopted soft on/off circuit.Soft on/off circuit has also prevented user's undesired shutdown except the use that can make system is convenient.The violation power-off operation of carrying out as the user under acquisition state of system.When using soft power on/off function can also be implemented in shutdown software is done some protectiveness work, as preserve some significant datas to E
2Carry out power-off operation behind the PROM again.
Power module LM2574 has the Shutdown pattern among Fig. 2.System is in normal mode of operation when the 3rd pin of module is low level, and when the 3rd pin was high level, system entered the Shutdown pattern, and the power consumption of this moment only is 50 μ A, also is acceptable for battery powered system.
2 block power supply module LM2574 are adopted in the power circuit design.U11 is single-chip microcomputer, resets and the key control circuit circuit supply among Fig. 2, U12 be subjected to single-chip microcomputer pin P2.7 be controlled to be all the other peripheral circuits such as clock circuit, memory circuitry, measuring bridge, A/D and display circuit are powered, peripheral circuit is only worked where necessary, reduce system power dissipation.
Start process: when power key POWER pressed, network label PWKEY was a low level among Fig. 2.3 pin of U11 LM2574 pulled down to low level, and LM2574 enters normal operating conditions, and this moment, VCC was 5V, and the CPU power supply is normal.Network label PW pulled down to low level simultaneously, network label PW receives the pin P2.5 of CPU as the power key input signal, be pressed when surpassing for 3 seconds when CPU detects PWKEY by network label PW, CPU puts low P2.6 pin, and the pin two PW1 that makes not gate U9A is a high level.The high level of PW1 is added on the base stage of triode Q1 9014 by a resistance R 21, and the Q1 conducting makes 3 underfooting of U11 LM2574 be pulled to low level, and decontrol power key POWER this moment, and 3 pin of U11 LM2574 are low level still, and system is in open state.Soft start this moment is finished.
Start process is similar to the self-locking process of relay, and different is that self-locking is judged by software, self-locking after greater than certain hour.
The effect of diode D3 D4 is to isolate.Because supply voltage greater than 5V, if power key POWER directly inserts single-chip microcomputer, can make the voltage of single-chip processor i/o mouth surpass 5V, might damage single-chip microcomputer.Add two diodes with draw on the power supply with VCC on draw isolation, thereby head it off.
Shutdown process: single-chip microcomputer is put height with pin P2.6, and network label PW1 is a low level, and this moment, triode Q14 ended, 3 pin of power module LM2574 are high level, U11 LM2574 enters the Shutdown pattern, and single-chip microcomputer itself and VCC go up all devices and will stop power supply, and circuit is in off-mode.
(2), the park mode of pressure acquisition system
Though the pressure acquisition system working time is long, the time of really carrying out data acquisition is shorter, and the most of the time is in wait state, and the double sampling time interval reaches 2 hours most.Utilize this characteristics, can make system be in the discontinuous operation shape, reduce system power dissipation.
VCC2 is the second tunnel power supply of pressure acquisition system, by another LM2574 supply.A lot of devices such as analog-digital converter in the pressure acquisition system is that (A/D converter) TLC2543, LCD MODULE, serial communication chip MAX232, memory AT24C1024 are connected in this road power supply.The purpose that designs this road power supply is when acquisition interval this road power supply to be cut off, the single-chip microcomputer dormancy, and system is in low power consumpting state.Reduce system power dissipation to greatest extent.Some Primary Components such as CPU itself, house dog can not be connected in this road power supply.
The hardware design of present embodiment:
1. real time clock circuit
Clock and single-chip microcomputer connection layout are as shown in Figure 4, the DS1302 clock chip that charges at a slow speed comprises the static RAM (SRAM) of real-time clock/calendar and 31 bytes, it is through a simple serial line interface and microprocessor communication, real-time clock/calendar provide second, branch, the time, day, week, Month And Year information.For less than 31 days the moon, date at the end of month can be adjusted automatically, also has the function that the leap year corrects.12 hours patterns of AM (morning)/PM (afternoon) can be adopted 24 hours or be with to the operation of clock.
In the DS1302 pin of chip, wherein VCC1 is a back-up source, and VCC2 is a main power source.Under the situation that main power source cuts out, also can keep the continuous operation of clock.DS1302 is by VCC1 or the VCC2 the greater power supply among both.As VCC2 during greater than VCC1+0.2V, VCC2 powers to DS1302.As VCC2 during less than VCC1, DS1302 is powered by VCC1.X1 and X2 are oscillation sources, external 32.768kHz crystal oscillator.RST resets/chip select line, starts all data transmission by high level is put in RST input driving.The RST input has two kinds of functions: at first, RST connects control logic, allows the address/command sequence to send into shift register; Secondly, RST provides the transmission means that stop single byte or multibyte data.When RST was high level, all data transmitted and are initialised, and allowed DS1302 is operated.If RST is changed to low level in transport process, then can stop this secondary data and transmit, the I/O pin becomes high-impedance state.I/O is the serial data input/output terminal.SCLK is input all the time.
2. memory
System wants continuous acquisition pressure a couple of days, will have up to ten thousand force value as 30 seconds words at interval, needs jumbo memory device.Memory has adopted the AT24C1024 of atmel corp, and 24C1024 is the E of I2C bus
2PROM.The memory capacity (128K byte) that has the 1M position.AT24C1024 has very high stability, can repeat erasablely more than 100,000 times, can preserve data and reach 40 years.AT24C1024 is a two-wire system serial device, only needs two lines with being connected of CPU.This device needs external two pull-up resistors.The write operation of AT24C1024 is write byte and is write a page dual mode.Read operation have current read address, with machine-readable, read to go here and there three kinds of modes.
3. watchdog circuit
Adopt the MAX813L of MAXIM company to realize watchdog function.Pressure acquisition system is in when work, because the influence of various factors such as interferences, the phenomenon that might occur crashing causes the SCM system can't operate as normal, in order to overcome this phenomenon, need add watchdog circuit; System also required in power down moment in addition, and pressure acquisition system can be preserved significant data get off, because of the generation of power down often very at random, thereby system needs power supply supervisory circuit, can inform single-chip microcomputer when power down just takes place.
4. power module
The microcontroller single-chip microcomputer of memory-type pressure acquisition system and other device all need a stable operating voltage ability reliably working.And the designer is accustomed to adopting linear voltage stabilization device (as 78xx series three-terminal voltage-stabilizing device) as voltage-regulation and voltage-stabilizing device more, and higher DC voltage is changed the required operating voltage of single-chip microcomputer.The linearity of this linear stabilized power supply is adjusted working method and is had big " heat waste " at work.
Switching Power Supply is regulated device and is then worked in the mode of complete conducting or shutoff.During work or big electric current flow through the switching tube of low conducting voltage or flow through by no current fully.Therefore, the power consumption of switching power supply is extremely low.Under the condition of same voltage drop, Switching Power Supply is regulated device and is compared " heat waste " with much less with the linear voltage stabilization device.Therefore, switching power supply can significantly reduce the area of fin volume and pcb board, even does not in most of the cases need finned, thereby has reduced the adverse effect to the single-chip microcomputer working environment.
LM2574 series switch integrated regulator is the substitute of linear three-terminal voltage-stabilizing device (as 78xx series end integrated regulator), it has reliable service behaviour, higher operating efficiency and stronger output current driving force, thereby provides strong assurance for stable, the reliably working of memory-type pressure acquisition system.
LM2574 series is the 0.5A electric current output buck switching mode integrated stable voltage circuit that National Semiconductor produces; it includes fixed oscillator (52kHz) and benchmark stabilizator (1.23V); and has a perfect holding circuit; comprise electric current restriction and hot breaking circuit etc., utilize this device only to need few peripheral components just can constitute efficient mu balanced circuit.
5. amplifier
Amplifier will have low-power consumption, low drift, low imbalance, and the characteristics that gain linearity is good could be carried out distortionless amplification to the small-signal of sensor, could guarantee the accurate of survey data.The precision instrument amplifier AD620 that present embodiment has selected for use U.S. AD company to release is as the dc amplifier of this transmitter.The characteristics of this amplifier are differential inputs, single-ended output.AD620 has very high precision, and it is more satisfactory therefore it being used for accurate data collecting system.
6.A/D converter
In pressure acquisition system,, must the signal of telecommunication be converted to data signal by A/D converter in order to realize the measurement of analog signal to external world.A/D converter of a great variety, the parameter difference of various devices is also bigger, and the selection that multiple conversion accuracy is arranged is as 8 12 16.According to the measured force value of technological requirement is that 0-20MPa has a decimal, as 10.1MPa.8 A/D converters can not satisfy required precision, and 12 A/D converters can meet the demands, so select 12 A/D.According to the technological requirement pressure acquisition interval greater than 1 second, the transmission delay that adopts the serial device to be caused can be ignored to the influence of system.Adopt A/D converter TLC2543.TLC2543 is the 12 bit switch electric capacity successive approximation type a/d converters that TI company releases.Device has sampling to keep function, has 14 path analoging switch can import 11 tunnel analog signals, wherein has 3 the tunnel to be used for built in self testing.Have at a high speed (10 μ s conversion time), high accuracy and low noise and other advantages.12 bit resolutions, the linearity error of maximum ± 1LSB.
7. LCD MODULE
Memory-type pressure acquisition system adopts RT12832B Chinese character image lattice lcd LCD MODULE, can show Chinese character and figure, built-in 8192 Chinese characters (16X16 dot matrix), 128 characters (8X16 dot matrix) and 64X256 dot matrix display random access memory (GDRAM).Power range be 3.3V～+ 5V, displaying contents is 128 row * 32 row, is the serial line interface display chip, realizes showing according to sequential chart connected in series.
The oil well pressure acquisition method of using above-mentioned memory-type pressure acquisition system adopts halted state functional module and acquisition state functional module two large divisions.
The program flow diagram of halted state functional module is as shown in Figure 5:
(1), the long power key of pressing was carried out boot program in 3 seconds;
(2), beginning initialization serial ports;
(3), remove key assignments;
(4), show the halted state background, prepare the order of response from serial ports;
(5), when serial ports transmits order, judge whether command word into TT; If the TT command word, then carry out to the time subprogram, carry out to the time, finish program after, returned for the 2nd step and carry out the initialization serial ports; If receiving command word is not TT, then enter next step judgement;
TT be to the time command word.Form is: TT date Hour Minute Second, example: TT050607103100
Receive this order back halted state functional module can carry out to the time operation, convert the time data date Hour Minute Second of TT back to BCD and count the writing system clock and show the current time.
(6), judge whether from serial ports reception order be the CC command word; If the CC command word, then carry out and remove the internal memory subprogram, internally deposit into row and remove, finish program after, returned for the 2nd step and carry out the initialization serial ports; If receiving command word is not CC, then enter next step judgement;
CC removes the internal memory command word.This order returns 00 00 00 and write end mark to the data pointer adjustment of memory.
(7), judge whether from serial ports reception order be the RR command word.If the RR command word, then carry out and upload the data subprogram, carry out data upload, finish program after, returned for the 2nd step and carry out the initialization serial ports; If receiving command word is not RR, then enter next step judgement;
RR is the upload command word.System uploads data manipulation when receiving this command word.System can convert the total data from first address to the address pointer end in the memory to ASCII character and be uploaded to host computer by serial ports.
(8), judged whether that the OK key is pressed.If press the OK key, then carry out the acquisition state functional module, detailed content is mentioned below, finish program after, returned for the 2nd step and carry out the initialization serial ports; If do not press the OK key, then enter next step judgement;
(9), judged whether that power key is pressed, just carried out shutdown programm in 3 seconds if power key is pressed; If there is not power key to press, program returned for the 4th step, and wait-for-response is from the order of serial ports.
Long after finishing start process, boot program just enters the halted state functional module three seconds by power key.When halted state system to show stop picture, response is carried out time operation, is uploaded data manipulation and remove internal memory operation from the order of serial ports, also have key to handle to comprise by the OK key to change the acquisition function module over to, longly carry out power-off operation three seconds by power key.When halted state, system's serial ports is in open mode, when receiving orders word TT, RR, CC, carries out operation accordingly.
The acquisition state functional module finishes and set the storage numbering, set the sampling interval, read force value carries out the real-time demonstration of the conversion of filtering unit, force value, carries out the comparison that clock reads.If the sampling time is to carrying out functions such as sampling subprogram, the renewal of sampling sign.The program flow diagram of acquisition state functional module as shown in Figure 6.
At first the input storage is numbered, and input sample at interval.The sampling interval is zero during initialization., show and gather picture when at interval non-vanishing by the button input sample.Read clock chip, the value of SEC unit is sent among second temporary storage location SEC1 with second.With change flag zero clearing second, with second in sampling interval, branch, the time unit zero clearing.Read the A/D sampled value of analog-digital converter.Average value filtering, and force value is carried out the unit conversion.Read clock chip, judge whether the value in second SEC unit is consistent with value among second temporary storage location SEC1, if unanimity will change SECON mark position 1 second.Judge whether a second change flag position SECON is 1, if be 1, second in sampling interval, branch, the time temporary storage location adjust.With change flag position SECON zero clearing second.Show force value.Do you judge that the time in sampling interval arrives? if the time in sampling interval arrives, judge whether the data of memory are filled with, if data are filled with, acquisition function stops.If the data of memory are not filled with, transfer sampling to write subprogram, sampled value is written in the memory, upgrade the sampling sign and show.Do you judge that the OK key presses? if press the OK key, acquisition function stops.Do not continue sampling if press the OK key.Read the A/D sampled value of analog-digital converter.
The acquisition state functional module finishes and set the storage numbering, set the sampling interval, read force value carries out the real-time demonstration of the conversion of filtering unit, force value, carries out the comparison that clock reads.If the sampling time is to carrying out functions such as sampling subprogram, the renewal of sampling sign.
In the acquisition state sampling time whether to determination methods: adopt the method for inquiry to read time data in the clock chip.Numeral in the time temporary register is the BCD number of hour, minute, second.If changing, second hand just the time data in the time temporary register is added 1 second.Compare with the sampling time interval of setting then, if identical with the time interval be described the sampling time.In program composition, need the register of minute, second is done 60 system adjustment.
Referring to Fig. 7, to use the present invention and the pressure data of gathering can be uploaded to computer, the realization host computer is communicated by letter with slave computer.Among the figure data of slave computer are sent to host computer it is discerned and handles, parameters such as pressure data, pound sign, time are shown on operation interface, make operating personnel can see the data that received intuitively.
Oil well pressure acquisition method of the present invention is as follows: the sample force value of gained of memory-type pressure acquisition system is stored in the memory, when host computer will read data, send the request character to slave computer, slave computer enters serial ports and interrupts, data are read from memory, and carry out corresponding Data Format Transform, send to host computer.After host computer receives data, carry out corresponding data and handle.In communication process, also to finish the host computer transmitting system time and give slave computer, the function that slave computer is stored, shown on LCD display.Following biography by judging the different detection character feasible system time and pressure data are to the transmission of host computer.The realization of communication function mainly relies on host computer to send interrupt requests, enters the interrupt handling routine of slave computer.Following function realized respectively in the detection character that slave computer identification sends over.
(1), slave computer with the sampling data from memory, read, send host computer to.Host computer is handled after receiving data.As: data analysis, drawing and formation curve, to the preservation of data, store database into, generate form etc.
(2), the host computer transmitting system time is carried out the aligning of time to slave computer.
Host computer is read system time, sends to slave computer, makes slave computer that orthochronous is shown, stores.Host computer is realized the setting and the corresponding protection function of parameter.Realize the making at host computer interface with VB.
2. data upload and remove internal memory
System can convert the total data at the end from the first address to the address pointer in the memory to ASCII character and be uploaded to host computer by serial ports.
Computer can send removes the internal memory order.This order returns 00 00 00 and write end mark 0E to the data pointer adjustment of memory.
3. the making at host computer interface
After data are sent to host computer by slave computer, carry out corresponding data and handle, force value that could the application sample gained, and also operating personnel also are easy to from the situation at the data analysis scene that is received, and whether the correctness of sampled value, pressure change normal.
The host computer interface mainly comprises the setting of port, baud rate and the modification of password; Realize transmission, the reception of data, realize the preservation of data; Fulfillment database storage data.The data of being stored are formed form; The data of being stored are carried out mapping operation, make operating personnel be clear that the situation of change and the trend of oil well pressure value.
Memory-type pressure acquisition system of the present invention can be realized functions such as pressure data collection, A/D conversion, data processing and preservation demonstration, to satisfy the needs that the oil field obtains maximum tar productivity.Memory-type pressure acquisition system is realized a large amount of pressure data storages, the input of realization time, oily pound sign, and the function that transfers data to host computer.
Described only is preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. memory-type pressure acquisition system is characterized in that: comprise slave computer and host computer, comprise in the described slave computer:
Pressure sensor is used to gather the information of pressure parameter and converts the signal of telecommunication to;
Amplifier is used for described pressure sensor electrical signal converted is amplified;
Analog-digital converter is used for the signal of telecommunication after the described amplifier amplification is converted to data signal;
Single-chip microcomputer is used for data acquisition, data access and the timing parameter setting of system, and described data signal is handled;
Real time clock circuit is connected with described single-chip microcomputer, be used for real-time clock demonstration and to the time;
Memory is used to store data signal and time after described single-chip microcomputer is handled;
LCD MODULE is connected with described single-chip microcomputer, is used for demonstration time and force value;
Key control circuit is connected with described single-chip microcomputer, is used for input storage numbering and time in sampling interval;
Communication interface is used for information is transferred to host computer microcomputer;
Power module and power supply are used for single-chip microcomputer, analog-digital converter, LCD MODULE, communication interface, memory power supply to said system;
Switch, power supply circuits between module and the single-chip microcomputer are used to cut off the electricity supply.
2. memory-type pressure acquisition system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described system also comprises the watchdog circuit that is connected with single-chip microcomputer, is used for monitoring and processing to system in case of system halt or system's power down.
3. memory-type pressure acquisition system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the interface of described host computer includes the interface of the setting key of baud rate, password modification, data transmission, data reception, data preservation, database storage, formation form and mapping operation.
4. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described memory-type pressure acquisition systems, it is characterized in that described communication interface is a serial line interface, control chip adopts serial line interface to be connected respectively with described analog-digital converter, memory and LCD MODULE.
5. memory-type pressure acquisition system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described power module has the duplex feeding circuit, each road power supply circuits all has a switch voltage-stabilizing IC chip, wherein one road power supply circuits are given single-chip microcomputer and watchdog circuit power supply, and be connected with a switch key, another road power supply circuits are given analog-digital converter, LCD MODULE, communication interface, memory power supply.
6. memory-type pressure acquisition system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described switch be power module with the I/O interface of single-chip microcomputer between a soft on/off circuit being connected, soft on/off circuit is included in switch key that power supply circuits connect, be connected two diodes between switch key input and the singlechip CPU pin, be connected to two power interfaces of single-chip microcomputer and two non-gating elements, two triodes and two resistance between normal mode of operation switched pins/safety shutdown pattern switched pins.
7. memory-type pressure acquisition system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, a start duration testing circuit is arranged in the described single-chip microcomputer, be used to detect the time that power key is pressed, and export starting-up signal after arriving predefined time threshold detecting time that power key presses;
Also have a start control circuit in the described single-chip microcomputer, be used for, the normal mode of operation/safety shutdown pattern switched pins of described power module is carried out the setting of high-low level according to described starting-up signal.
8. an application rights requires the oil well pressure acquisition method of 1-7 memory-type pressure acquisition system, it is characterized in that: adopt halted state functional module and acquisition state functional module two large divisions, acquisition step is as follows:
The sample force value of gained of memory-type pressure acquisition system is stored in the memory;
Host computer sends the request character to slave computer, and slave computer enters serial ports and interrupts, and data is read from memory, and carry out corresponding Data Format Transform, sends to host computer;
After host computer receives data, carry out corresponding data and handle; In communication process, also to finish the host computer transmitting system time and give slave computer, the function that slave computer will be stored, show the time on LCD display;
Data upload and remove internal memory: system converts the total data at the end from the first address to the address pointer in the memory to ASCII character and is uploaded to host computer by serial ports; Computer sends removes the internal memory order, and this order returns 00 00 00 to the data pointer adjustment of memory, and writes end mark.
9. oil well pressure acquisition method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described halted state functional module has following steps:
(1), the long power key of pressing was carried out boot program in 3 seconds;
(2), beginning initialization serial ports;
(3), remove key assignments;
(4), show the halted state background, prepare the order of response from serial ports;
(5), when serial ports transmits order, judge whether command word into TT; If the TT command word, then carry out to the time subprogram, carry out to the time, finish program after, returned for the 2nd step and carry out the initialization serial ports; If receiving command word is not TT, then enter next step judgement; TT be to the time command word, form is: TT date Hour Minute Second; Receive this order back halted state functional module can carry out to the time operation, convert the time data date Hour Minute Second of TT back to BCD and count the writing system clock and show the current time;
(6), judge whether from serial ports reception order be the CC command word; If the CC command word, then carry out and remove the internal memory subprogram, internally deposit into row and remove, finish program after, returned for the 2nd step and carry out the initialization serial ports; If receiving command word is not CC, then enter next step judgement; CC removes the internal memory command word, and this order returns 00 00 00 and write end mark to the data pointer adjustment of memory;
(7), judge from serial ports to receive whether order is the RR command word,, carry out data upload if the RR command word is then carried out and uploaded the data subprogram, finish program after, returned for the 2nd step and carry out the initialization serial ports; If receiving command word is not RR, then enter next step judgement; RR is the upload command word, and system uploads data manipulation when receiving this command word, and system converts the total data from first address to the address pointer end in the memory to ASCII character and is uploaded to host computer by serial ports;
(8), judged whether that the OK key is pressed, if press the OK key, then carried out the acquisition state functional module, detailed content is mentioned below, finish program after, returned for the 2nd step and carry out the initialization serial ports; If do not press the OK key, then enter next step judgement;
(9), judged whether that power key is pressed, just carried out shutdown programm in 3 seconds if power key is pressed; If there is not power key to press, program returned for the 4th step, and wait-for-response is from the order of serial ports.
10. oil well pressure acquisition method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described acquisition state functional module has following steps:
(a), at first the input storage is numbered;
(b), input sample at interval;
(c), it is zero in the sampling interval during initialization; , show and gather picture when at interval non-vanishing by the button input sample;
(d), read clock chip, the value of SEC unit is sent among second temporary storage location SEC1 with second;
(e), with change flag zero clearing second, with second in sampling interval, branch, the time unit zero clearing;
(f), read the A/D sampled value of analog-digital converter;
(g), average value filtering;
(h), force value is carried out the unit conversion;
(i), read clock chip, judge whether the value in second SEC unit consistent with value among second temporary storage location SEC1, if unanimity will change SECON mark position 1 second;
(j), judge whether a second change flag position SECON is 1, if be 1, second in sampling interval, branch, the time temporary storage location adjust; With change flag position SECON zero clearing second;
(k), show force value;
(l), judge that the time in sampling interval arrives? if the time in sampling interval arrives, judge whether memory data is filled with, if data are filled with, acquisition function stops;
(m) if memory data is not filled with, transfer sampling to write subprogram, sampled value is written in the memory, upgrade the sampling sign and show;
(n), judge that the OK key presses? if press the OK key, acquisition function stops.Do not continue sampling if press the OK key.Read the A/D sampled value of analog-digital converter.
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| CN102191931A (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2011-09-21 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Data acquisition computing system for oil and gas filed operation |
| CN102561941A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-07-11 | 北京市三一重机有限公司 | Rotary drilling rig and pore-forming state detection device thereof |
| CN103256024B (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2016-01-13 | 哈尔滨索菲电气技术有限公司 | The engineering measuring method of beam pumping unit position factor and torque factor and device |
| CN103256024A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-08-21 | 哈尔滨索菲电气技术有限公司 | Method and device for engineering measurement of position factor and torque factor of beam-pumping unit |
| CN103244078A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-08-14 | 哈尔滨索菲电气技术有限公司 | Numerical-control system device of beam-pumping unit |
| CN103885412A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-25 | 浙江海洋学院 | Real-time safety monitoring system for sea drilling platform |
| CN105781526A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-07-20 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Stress testing device and stress testing method for pipe column of water injection well |
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| CN108303225A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2018-07-20 | 天津城建大学 | A kind of portable rigidity data measures and processing system |
| CN114112171A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-01 | 中国人民解放军63729部队 | Automatic detection method and system for air supply interface pressure |
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